Base your answers to questions 4 and 5 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of social studies.

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1 Frederick Douglass Academy Global Studies 1. Believers of Hinduism are expected to A) fulfill their dharma for a favorable reincarnation B) complete a pilgrimage to Mecca C) obey the Ten Commandments D) follow the Eightfold Path to achieve enlightenment 2. In the traditional Hindu caste system and in the social hierarchy of colonial Latin America, the status of a person was usually determined by A) education B) wealth C) birth D) power 3. Base your answer to the following question on The Ganges River is sacred to people practicing Hinduism. Shinto shrines are usually located near mountains or lakes. The Jordan River is a site of many Christian baptisms. Which conclusion is most valid based on these statements related to belief systems? A) The Middle East was the birthplace of these belief systems. B) Water plays an important role in these belief systems. C) Pilgrimages to mountainous regions are encouraged by these belief systems. D) Understanding nature is a requirement of these belief systems Base your answers to questions 4 and 5 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of social studies. 4. Which religion or belief system is most closely associated with the social class system illustrated in the diagram? A) Hinduism B) Daoism C) Catholicism D) animism 5. Which concept is illustrated in the diagram? A) manorialism B) apartheid C) caste D) encomienda 6. Which belief is shared by Hindus and Buddhists? A) Everyone should have the same social status. B) People should pray five times a day. C) The soul can be reincarnated. D) Material wealth is a sign of the blessing of the gods.

2 7. Base your answer to the following question on Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of social studies. The diagram represents the rigid social class system of A) colonial Latin America B) traditional India C) feudal Japan D) dynastic China 8. In traditional India, the caste system and the Hindu beliefs in karma and dharma most directly resulted in A) the establishment of a set of rules for each individual in the society B) the rapid industrialization of the economy C) a strong emphasis on the acquisition of wealth D) a strong belief in the importance of education 9. Which statement was true of the caste system in traditional India? A) Members of different castes often intermarried. B) Caste membership determined a person's occupation. C) The highest caste was composed of untouchables. D) The caste system had little effect on daily village life. 10. The caste system influenced traditional rural Indian society by A) limiting social and economic progress B) promoting political instability C) reducing the power of landowners D) contributing to greater social mobility 11. Which statement about the caste system in present-day India is most accurate? A) Most villages are still inhabited by only one specific caste. B) Although discrimination based on caste is illegal, caste remains an important factor in Indian society. C) The caste system is much stronger in India's urban areas than it is in rural areas. D) The caste system remains an important part of the Muslim religion. 12. In India, the people have resisted changing their attitudes toward the caste system because A) national Muslim leaders have supported the caste system B) the government is unwilling to end the caste system C) continued religious conflict prevents changes in the caste system D) the Hindu beliefs of karma and dharma reinforce the caste system 13. "Your words are wise, Arjuna, but your sorrow is for nothing. The truly wise mourn neither for the living nor for the dead. There never was a time when I did not exist, nor you, nor any of these kings. Nor is there any future in which we shall cease to be..." This passage best reflects a belief in A) ancestor worship B) the Eightfold Path C) reincarnation D) nirvana

3 14. The Japanese feudal system and the Hindu caste system are similar in that both systems A) promoted social mobility B) developed a rigid class structure C) encouraged the people to take part in government D) resulted in economic opportunities for the lower classes 15. In addition to providing water for Indian agriculture, the Ganges River remains important to India because it is A) the only source of Indian hydroelectric power B) a sacred river for the Hindu population C) the birthplace of Hindu civilization D) an unofficial boundary between the Hindus and Muslims 16. In India, which aspect of society has been most heavily influenced by religious beliefs, tradition, and the division of labor? A) caste system B) policy of neutrality C) urbanization D) parliamentary government 17. The Upanishads, the Ramayan, and the Bhagavad Gita are considered to be significant pieces of Indian literature because they A) provide guidelines for Hindu living and behavior B) identify basic Buddhist principles C) show the constant class struggle in Indian life D) reflect the similarities between the Hindu and Muslim religions 18. One way in which the Vedas, the Bible, and the Koran are similar is that these religious books A) provide guidelines to govern the behavior of believers B) deny the existence of a supreme being who rules the universe C) encourage strife between segments of believers D) support political rebellions to overthrow existing governments 19. Which religion includes the Four Noble Truths, the Eightfold Path, and nirvana? A) Buddhism B) Hinduism C) Judaism D) Christianity 20. Which belief system is most closely associated with the terms Eightfold Path, Four Noble Truths, and nirvana? A) Buddhism B) Christianity C) Judaism D) Shinto 21. Base your answer to the following question on Base your answer to the following question on the passage below.... He who, being of weak faculties [abilities], develops the wisdom of the first path with a dull insight is reborn seven times at most; after seven rebirths in states of bliss he will make an end of misery: he who develops it with medium faculties and insight is a roamer; after two or three rebirths he will make an end of misery: he who develops it with keen faculties and insight takes root but once, only one human birth will he pass through and make an end of misery.... Charles W. Eliot, ed., Sacred Writings, Vol II, P.F. Collier & Son, 1910 Which belief system is described in this passage? A) Buddhism B) Christianity C) Islam D) Confucianism

4 22. The religious terms Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, and nirvana are most closely associated with A) Judaism B) Islam C) Shintoism D) Buddhism 23. Which belief is most closely associated with the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)? A) People are born into a specific caste. B) Believers must follow the Ten Commandments. C) Followers must fast during Ramadan. D) People can overcome their desires by following the Eight-Fold Path. 24. Base your answer to the following question on the picture below and on your knowledge of social studies. This statue is most closely associated with which religion? A) Buddhism B) Islam C) Jainism D) Christianity 25. According to Buddhist principles, believers can end personal suffering by A) doing good deeds B) eliminating selfish desires C) making pilgrimages to Mecca D) relying on divine help

5 26. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram illustrates the key concepts of which religion? A) Islam B) Christianity C) Hinduism D) Buddhism 27. Which values are most closely associated with the fundamental principles of Buddhism? A) competition and financial success B) maintaining the caste system and providing education for all people C) practicing nonviolence and giving up worldly desires D) self-determination and democracy 28. Which term is used to describe the spread of Buddhism from India through Southeast Asia? A) ethnocentrism B) isolation C) imperialism D) cultural diffusion 29. The introduction of Buddhism into China and of Islam into Indonesia are examples of A) social mobility B) cultural diffusion C) ethnocentrism D) interdependence 30. A goal common to Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism is to A) establish peace and harmony B) provide the basis for democratic government C) return the power of the emperors D) promote individual artistic creativity

6 Base your answers to questions 31 and 32 on the speakers' statements below and on your knowledge of social studies. Speaker A: "The eightfold noble path and four noble truths as expressed by Siddhartha Gautama are the foundations of our faith." Speaker B: "There is one God and his name is Allah and his truth has been revealed to us through his prophet Mohammed." Speaker C: "The Ten Commandments and the teachings of the Gospels guide us in our quest for a fulfilling spiritual life." Speaker D: "To achieve union with atman, we must pass through many births and acquire good karma by being obedient to moral laws and societal regulations." 31. Which speaker expresses a belief in reincarnation? A) A B) B C) C D) D 32. Which speaker is most likely a Buddhist? A) A B) B C) C D) D 33. The Buddhist religion teaches that salvation is earned by A) following the Ten Commandments B) worshiping Allah as the one true god C) learning to give up selfish desire D) being baptized and confirmed 34. The Eightfold Path, the Four Noble Truths, and the concept of nirvana are associated with the religion of A) Islam B) Jainism C) Shinto D) Buddhism

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