Psalm 105. Outline of Chapter 105. An Introduction to Psalm 105

Transcription

1 Psalm 105 Psalm 105:1 45 God Provids for Isral Outlin of Chaptr 105 An Introduction to Psalm 105 vv. 1 7 Th Radr (Isral), th Focus (Y howah) and th Tn Imprativs vv God s Covnant with Isral vv God s Protction of Isral vv God s Provisions for Isral in th Tim of Josph vv God s Mighty Works on bhalf of Isral during th Tim of th Exodus vv God s Provisions for Isral in th Dsrt vv God Fulfils His Promiss to Isral Charts and Maps Psalm 105 Addndum Introduction Thoris as to th Authorship and Occasion of Psalm 105 Introduction David Movs th Ark of God a Timlin Introduction Clark Outlins Psalm 105 Introduction Th Organization of Psalm 105 v. 1 Mak God s Dds Known to all th Popl v. 2 Study and Mditat on God s Wo v. 2 Prais God for All that H is and Tll Othrs about Him v. 3 W Glory in God s Prfct Charactr v. 3 UN Study: Bst and Worst Placs to Liv in th World v. 3 Th Svn Commands of th Spiritual Lif in th Ag of Isral v. 5 Mmory is a Part of our Spiritual Lif v. 5 Th Final Thr Commands of Psalm 105:4 6 v. 6 Th Altrnat Radings of Psalm 105:6 v. 6 Th Catholic Church and Ancint Manuscripts v. 7 Th Exclusivity of th God of th Jws v. 7 God s Judgmnts in th Earth v. 8 Th Problms with Covnant Thology v. 10 Jacob vs. Isral v. 10 God s Contract with Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and th Nation Isral v. 13 Abraham s Journys v. 13 Th Movmnts of th Othr Patriarchs v. 16 Why God Movd Josph s Family to Egypt v. 17 Th Parallls Btwn th Livs of Josph and Jsus v. 17 Th Problm of Pain v. 18 Hints to Parnts v. 22 Various Translations of Psalm 105:21 22 v. 22 Lssons from th Lif of Josph

2 Psalm v. 25 God Turns th Egyptian s Hart to Hat His Popl v. 25 Th Egyptians Enslav th Jws v. 27 Rfrncs to th Signs of God Don in Egypt v. 28 Is Thr a Ngativ in Psalm 105:28? v. 28 A Mssag to th Unblivr about Browni Points Givn by God v. 28 A Shortr Mssag to th Blivr about Witnssing v. 29 Th First Plagu: Watr is Turnd to Blood v. 31 Tim Priods and Signs and Miracls of Scriptur v. 36 Paralll Accounts of God s Signs and Wondrs Against Egypt v. 37 What About Rparations? v. 37 An Hypothsis Concrning God Haning Pharaoh s Hart v. 37 Rfrnc Works on Christian Apologtics v. 39 A Cloud by Day and a Fir [Lightning?] by Night v. 40 Th Lo Gav Isral Quail: th Scriptural Rfrncs v. 40 Th Abbrviatd Doctrin of Manna v. 41 Th Two No-Watr Incidnts in th Dsrt Wildrnss v. 41 What is Found in th Bibl v. 42 How God Initially Providd For Isral a Psalmist s Summation v. 43 Th Song of Moss v. 44 God Givs th Land of Canaan to th Isralits v. 45 Isral s Rsponsibility to Kp th Statuts of God v. 45 Th 17 Ruls of th Talmudists to Prsrv th Txt of th Old Tstamnt v. 45 Masorit Chcks on th Accuracy of Manuscript Copis v. 45 Flavious Josphus on th Accuracy of th Old Tstamnt Txt v. 45 Will Durant on th Accuracy of th Old Tstamnt Txt v. 45 Additional Rsourcs on th Intgrity of th Scripturs from th Intrnt Addndum A Complt Translation of Psalm 105 Addndum Bullingr s Organization of Psalm 105 Sid-by-Sid Psalm 105 Doctrins Cov Doctrins Alludd To Darknss (not compltd yt) Manna Jsus in th Old and Nw Tstamnts Th Study of Inspiration Mssianic Prophcis Doctrin of Inspiration I ntroduction: Psalm 105 covrs God s rlationship to Isral from its human incption God spaking to Abraham to th giving to thm of th Land of Promis. This psalm covrs th history of Isral with a widr swp than dos any othr and this psalm covrs what is ssntially th pr-nation status of Isral. On of th most intrsting aspcts of th history of Isral as found in this psalm is that th apostasy and dgnracy of Isral is not mntiond. This dos not man that th psalm is inaccurat nor dos it man that th psalmist saw th history of Isral through ros-colo glasss, although that is th imprssion which is givn. This is just a mattr of mphasis, and th mphasis in this psalm is upon God and His work on bhalf of Isral. So w ar xamining with a grat swp God s car of Isral and His promiss to Isral throughout th tim of th Pntatuch. This psalm sms to b wll-suitd to follow Psalm 104, which dals with cration, rstoration and sustnanc of th arth. Psalm 106 sms to logically follow this psalm, as it dals with Isral s continual failurs and God s grac.

3 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls 16 3 Th author and th tim priod during which this psalm was writtn can b rasonably gussd at. At first blush, it would appar that David or Asaph wrot this. This is bcaus w hav almost th xact sam psalm as is found in 1Chron. 16 (at last th first 15 vrss ar th sam). Immdiatly prior to this psalm in 1Chron. w rad: Thn on that day [th day of placing th ark of th covnant insid a tnt among th popl for th first tim in yars], David first assignd by th hand of Asaph and his rlativs to giv thanks to Y howah (1Chron. 16:7). Th rsponsibility givn to Asaph and his family was to writ psalms in prais of God and/or to prform ths psalms of psalms composd by David. This could hav bn a psalm which had bn around for awhil, which was chosn to b rad on th day of th Ark was movd. On may rasonably undrstand this psalm to b illustrativ of what David xpctd rathr than somthing which suddnly had bn writtn by Asaph or by David for th 1 occasion. In th psalms, ithr th lattr portion of th psalm was addd at a latr dat or it just had not bn quotd in its ntirty in th 1Chronicls txt. A prcursory xamination of 1Chron. 16 looks as though th praiss sung thr wr sort of a gratst hits montag. That is bits and pics of svral psalms ar rad. What I bliv actually happnd is that th writr of 1Chronicls quotd what h rmmb of what was sung (to b 2 accurat, th writr of th documnt which th writr of Chronicls usd to writ Chronicls). W tnd to rcall th first fw lins of svral songs and hymns and w could quot ths from mmory, w would b ha-prssd to writ down th complt lyrics. This is what I rally think happnd in 1Chron. 16; thrfor, I don t bliv this was a r-working of 1Chron. 16, but that w hav th psalm quotd in its ntirty hr and quotd in part in 1Chronicls. Thrfor, that would plac th tim that this psalm was writtn prior to th tim of David and Asaph; and sinc it was sung during thir tim for such an important occasion, this Psalm 105 was likly a classic song of prais to thm, maning that it had bn around for say, 20 or mor yars (mayb vn 200 or mor yars). Furthrmor, this psalm sms to hav bn writtn by whovr wrot Psalms 104 and 106, th thr of which form an historical trilogy. Th problm with this intrprtation is that Psalm 106 appars to b writtn during th disprsion, which occur long aftr 1Chron. 16. This would indicat that w do not hav th sam author at last, not for Psalm 106 as w do for th prvious two psalms. Now, it vry wll could b, that this psalm was writtn first, and thn a latr psalmist cam along and dcidd to booknd this psalm by writing Psalm 104 and 106. W do not hav nough information to tak a dogmatic stand hr. Anothr thory is, David or Asaph wrot this psalm, and it is clarly liftd from th book of Gnsis. As you may rcall, th first tim that David attmptd to mov th Ark of God, on of th Ark s cartakrs did. This psalm is sung during th scond and succssful moving of th Ark. What would mak sns is, not only did David sarch th Scripturs in or to dtrmin th propr way to mov th Ark, but h was also movd by som of th things which h rad, and h wrot this psalm about ths things. It will b clar that som of ths lins wr liftd right out of Gnsis not wo-for-wo, but clarly thought-for-thought. Lt m offr anothr scnario: this author took th psalm of 1Chron. 16 and addd to it. Thn h wrot Psalm 106 as a companion psalm. Th subjct mattr of this psalm appars to b vry similar to that of Psalm 78; howvr, Psalm 78 has a narrowr historical swp and a compltly diffrnt purpos. Psalm 78 sms to b a call to th nation Isral to turn from thir vil; Psalm 105 calls to Isral to turn to God in gratitud for His grac, protction and provision. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Lt s summariz ths thoris of authorship and includ othrs which hav bn suggstd: 1 This is th opinion of Barns; on of th fw tims h is mistakn (but h rarly if vr mistakn on a major point of doctrin). 2 Th writr of Chronicls usd svral documnts in or to compos Chronicls, which was writtn long aftr th fact. It appars as though this writr usd Samul and Kings among othr documnts.

4 Psalm W should stipulat to th fact that, th singing of this psalm was a part of th clbration of moving th Ark into Jrusalm. It appars to hav bn sung at last in part aftr David had placd th Ark into th tnt which h constructd for it (s 1Chron. 16:1, 7 22). This would indicat that at last half of this psalm (vv. 1 15) had bn writtn prior to moving th Ark into Jrusalm. Bar in mind, it is possibl that Psalm 105 was writtn arlir in Isral s history and brought out for th placing of th Ark into Jrusalm. Hnc, w will xamin thoris as to both th authorship and th occasion of th writing of Psalm 105. Bcaus som thologians suggst that som author addd to this psalm aftr th moving of th Ark, it may b worthwhil to at last divid th psalm into two parts: Part On: Th radr is givn 10 or 11 imprativs (vv. 1 8) and thn th gnral natur and vnts of God s covnant to Isral is givn (vv. 9 15). Part Two: Th history of Josph (vv ) and th history of th xodus (vv ) and som concluding rmarks (vv ) ar givn. I do not agr with a svring of this psalm, which I will discuss furthr blow. Thoris as to th Authorship and Occasion of Psalm 105 Thologian Thory Barns suggsts that th first half of this psalm had bn writtn by David spcifically for th occasion of moving th Ark, but that somon addd a scond half to this psalm at a latr tim: Barns Th author of this psalm is unknown, as is th occasion on which it was composd. It rsmbls th svnty-ighth psalm in th fact that both ar of an historical natur, rcounting th dalings of God with his popl in thir dlivranc from th bondag in Egypt. Th objct of th formr psalm howvr, sms to hav bn to rcall th nation from thir sins, and to vindicat th dalings of God with th Hbrws in his arrangmnts for thir govrnmnt, or in th chang of th administration, by giving th govrnmnt to th trib of Judah undr David, rathr than to Ephraim; th objct of this psalm is to xcit th popl to gratitud by th rmmbranc of th goodnss of God to th popl in formr tims. Accoingly this psalm is occupid with rcounting th mrcis of God - his various acts of intrvntion in thir history - all apppaling to th nation to chrish a gratful rmmbranc of thos acts, and to lov and prais him. Th first sixtn vrss of th psalm ar substantially th sam as th first part of th psalm composd by David whn h brought up th ark, as rcod in 1Chron. 16:8-22. But at that point th rsmblanc cass. Probably th author of this psalm found in th on composd by David what was suitabl to th occasion on which this was composd, and adoptd it without any matrial chang. In th rmaindr of th psalm, h has simply carrid out in th history of th Jws what was suggstd by David in th psalm in 1 Chr. 16, and has applid th ida to th othr vnts of th Jwish history, as furnishing a ground of prais. Th psalm is a mr summary of th principal vnts of that history to th tim whn th popl nt th promisd land - as laying th 3 foundation of prais to God. 3 Albrt Barns, Barns Nots on th Old Tstamnt; from -Swo, Psalm 105 introduction.

5 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls 16 5 Thoris as to th Authorship and Occasion of Psalm 105 Thologian Clark Gill Kukis Thory W find svral vrss of this Psalm in 1 Chronicls 16, from which it is vidnt that David was th author of th principal part of it: but it was probably nlargd and sung 4 at th rstoration of th popl from th Babylonish captivity. To m, it is amazing that, bcaus half th psalm is not rcod in 1Chron. 16, that so many assum that th scond half must hav bn writtn at a latr dat. This psalm was pnnd by David, and sung at th tim whn th ark was brought from th hous of Obddom to th plac which David had prpa for it; at last th first fiftn vrss of it, th othr part bing probably addd aftrwas by th sam inspi pnman. 5 It is vry common for us to know th first fw lins or th first stanza of a song, and throughout th nd of 1Chron. 16, that appars to hav bn th cas. No psalm is quotd in its ntirty. This dos not man that half of ths psalms wr known whn th Ark was movd, and that som mystrious author addd th othr half to th psalms yars latr. This probably indicats th writr-historian rcoing th wos which h rcalls bing sung. In anothr cultur, had th titls of ths psalms bn known and clarly associatd with th psalms sung, an historian may hav just givn us th titl of th psalms sung. Thrfor, it is my opinion that all of ths psalms had bn writtn in thir ntirty prior to th moving of th Ark. What provs this is Bullingr s outlin/organization of Psalm 105 blow. This psalm is simply too carfully dsignd to simply b th product of two authors throwing it togthr with svral intrvning dcads or cnturis. For somon to hav this opinion, much mor is ndd that simply th fact that th chroniclr rcos only th first half of this psalm in 1Chron. 16. Sinc no psalm was rcod in 1Chron. 16 in its ntirty, I s no rason to rquir that two authors producd psalm 105 cnturis apart. As to authorship, I am at a loss. Although I lan towa David as th human author, 1Chron. 16:7 might b intrprtd to indicat that Asaph wrot ths psalms. In any cas, vn though th discussion of authorship can b intrsting, what stands is th psalm itslf, its impact and its maning. What is occurring in 1Chron. 16 is a rnwing of Isral undr David and a rnwing of God s covnant Isral. Th Tabrnacl appars to hav falln into disus and th Ark of God had bn kpt in storag. This should not b th cas for a thocracy/monarchy lik Isral. Thrfor, as David brings ths popl to som sort of spiritual rnwal, doctrin must b dissminatd. This psalm givs an xcllnt summary of God s covnants with Isral and how H has fulfilld ths covnants. 4 5 Adam Clark, Commntary on th Bibl; from -Swo, Psalm 105 introduction. Dr. John Gill, John Gill s Exposition of th Entir Bibl; from -Swo, Psalm 105 introduction.

6 Psalm Thoris as to th Authorship and Occasion of Psalm 105 Thologian Spurgon Thory This historical Psalm was vidntly composd by King David, for Psalm 105:1 15 of it wr usd as a hymn at th carrying up of th ark from th hous of Obd dom, and w rad in 1Chron. 16:7. Thn on that day David dliv first this Psalm, to thank th Lo, into th hand of Asaph and his brthrn. Such a song was suitabl for th occasion, for it dscribs th movmnts of th Lo's popl and his guaian car ovr thm in vry plac, and all this on account of th covnant of which th ark; thn rmoving, was a symbol. Th rmoval of th ark was a fit occasion for proclaiming aloud th gloris of th Grat King, and for publishing to all mankind th gratnss of his doings, for it had a history in connction with th nations, which it was wll for thm to rmmbr with rvrnc. 6 Now, vn though I am right at last 90% of th tim, I do includ th opinions of othr authors, most of whom wr xcllnt thologians and xgts of thir tim. I provid ths othr thoris for two rasons: (1) Out of rspct for ths mn who hav gon bfor and (2) to mak this xgsis of Psalm 105 a narly on-stop affair. You should b abl to rad through my xamination of Psalm 105 and mrg on th othr sid without any rquirmnt to rad furthr on it. I don t man to discourag furthr xamination; my intntion is to covr this psalm in grat dtail and unflinching thoroughnss. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Allow m to spak to dogmatism for a momnt. Thr ar som intrsting topics that w may spculat about:.g., who wrot this particular psalm and th ons around it. W can b dogmatic about this psalm having bn writtn for th moving of th Ark or at last bfor (th first 15 vrss anyway), and aftr that, w ar not allowd to b dogmatic, as w do not hav nough information. I lan strongly towa this psalm bing composd as a whol and by a man with a vry prcis and complx mind, as th organization of this psalm is a wondr to bhold (you ll s latr on in this introduction). This crtainly suggsts David, who was a gnius; but it dos not xclud Asaph or an author from a prvious ag. Whr w ar allowd to b dogmatic is whn it coms to doctrinal principls: our salvation bing providd for us in grac by Jsus Christ, attaind to by faith alon in Christ alon; th Trinity; th dpravity of man, tc. I was spiritually raisd at Brachah Church whr th pastor, R. B. Thim Jr., was nothing if not dogmatic. Howvr, this dos not man that w dogmatic about ach and vrything that w say rlatd to th Bibl. Som things lnd thmslvs to dogmatism (th fundamntals of th faith) and som things do not (for instanc, th tim, plac and authorship of som psalms). No mattr what th thoris ar, this psalm was undoubtdly a part of th clbration of th moving of th Ark by David into Jrusalm. If you hav not studid this, lt m giv you a brif synopsis of this vnt: 6 Charls Haddon Spurgon, A Trasury of David; -Swo, Psalm 105 introduction; v. 1.

7 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls 16 7 David Movs th Ark of God a TImlin Scriptur 1Chron. 13:1 4 2Sam. 6:1 11 1Chron. 13:5 14 2Sam. 6: Chron. 15 2Sam. 6: Chron. 16 2Sam. 7 1Chron. 17 Summary David dcids to mov th Ark of God into Jrusalm. What appars to b th cas is, thr was not a normal amount of public worship in Isral as prscribd by th Law of Moss. Th City of th Prists, Nob, had bn attackd by Saul, who killd all of th prists and thir wivs and childrn, and th Ark of God, th hart and soul of th Tabrnacl, was ssntially kpt in storag aftr th Philistins rturnd it to Isral (s also 1Sam ). David first attmptd to mov th Ark out of storag into Jrusalm, following th pattrn of th Philistins, who rturnd th Ark to Isral aftr it causd grat distrss in thir land. This attmpt ndd in failur. On of th Ark s cartakrs, Uzzah, did as a rsult of touching th Ark. David haltd th moving of th Ark and took it to th narst farmhous, whr it rmaind with Obd-dom. Whn David hars that th farm whr th Ark had bn takn was njoying grat prosprity (h finds this out a scant 2 months or so aftr laving th Ark thr), David dos som rsarch about moving th Ark. H thn movs th Ark of God to Jrusalm with grat pomp and clbration. I would thoriz that David spnt at last a wk and prhaps as long as a month rading Scriptur, taking nots, writing psalms, and organizing a clbration for th movmnt of th Ark. Th Ark is placd into a tnt constructd spcifically for it, and th clbration continus in Jrusalm. At this tim, Psalm 105:1 15 is sung (it is my opinion that th ntir psalm was sung). David concrns himslf with th building of a prmannt hom for th Ark (th Tmpl), but h is told that his son would do that instad. I think that it is a good ida to hav, whnvr possibl, a rough ida as to th background of a psalm; an historical contxt within which to plac th psalm. What might b an important point to som is, David did not attmpt to bring th Tabrnacl and th Ark to Jrusalm togthr. What his thinking was is, h would bring th Ark to Jrusalm and thn H would build a prmannt structur for God in Jrusalm. Bcaus this was in his mind, h did not find it ncssary to bring th Tabrnacl to Jrusalm. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins I always lik to includ an altrnat outlin: Clark givs us a simpl summary of this psalm: Th Psalm is a history of God s dalings with Abraham and 7 his postrity, till thir sttlmnt in th promisd land. Clark Outlins Psalm 105 Scriptur Psalm 105:1 5 Psalm 105:6 16 Psalm 105:17 22 Incidnt An xhortation to prais God for His wondrous works God s goodnss to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob God s goodnss to Josph in Egypt 7 Adam Clark, Commntary on th Bibl; from -Swo, Psalm 105 introduction.

8 Psalm Clark Outlins Psalm 105 Scriptur Psalm 105:23 25 Psalm 105:26 Psalm 105:27 36 Psalm 105:37 38 Psalm 105:39 43 Psalm 105:44 45 Incidnt God s goodnss to Isral in Egypt God s goodnss to Moss in th sam land Th plagus snt on th Egyptians Th dlivranc of th Isralits out of Egypt How God supportd th Jws in th wildrnss God brings th Jws into Canaan What is intrsting is, I suprficially rviwd my own outlin of many yars ago and found it to b rasonabl, and I kpt it, changing on sction titl. Howvr, this division sms rasonabl, although it barly coincids with min; and th outlin blow sms to b right on targt. This was takn from Adam Clark, Commntary on th Bibl; from -Swo, Psalm 105 introduction. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Unfortunatly, th outlin of this psalm dos not giv us th tru pictur of th carful corrsponding paralllism found in this song. If you tnd to bypass outlins or glanc through thm, but not rally, you nd to rfrsh your brain, and look this ovr carfully. Bullingr provids an outstanding outlin for Psalm 105, which I ditd somwhat: Th Organization of Psalm 105 A. Exhortation to prais th Lo (in th scond prson plural) (vv. 1 7). B. Th basis of prais; God maks a covnant with Abraham to b fulfilld in th futur (vv. 8 12). 1. Th covnant is rmmb (vv. 8 10). 2. Th Land is promisd (v. 11). 3. Th Popl ar dscribd (v. 12). C. Th patriarchs (vv ). 1. Th journyings of th Patriarchs (v. 13). 2. Th grac and protction givn thm (vv ). 3. Thir affliction (v. 16). 4. Josph s mission to dlivr Isral (vv ). a. Th snding of th dlivrr (v. 17). b. His trial by th Wo of God (vv ). c. Th dlivranc (vv ). C. Th nation Isral (vv ). 1. Th journyings of th popl (v. 23). 2. Th grac and protction givn thm (v. 24). 3. Thir affliction (v. 25). 4. Moss mission to dlivr Isral (vv ). a. Th snding of th dlivrr (v. 26) b. His trial by th Wo of God (vv ). c. Th dlivranc (vv ). B. Th basis of thir prais God bgins to fulfill his covnant with Abraham (vv ). 1. Th covnant is rmmb (vv ). 2. Th Land is inhritd (v. 44).

9 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls 16 9 Th Organization of Psalm Th Popl ar dscribd (v. 45). A. Exhortation to prais th Lo in th scond prson plural (v. 45). 1 Th organization of this psalm is quit imprssiv to m. I hav njoyd writing from my arlist youth, but whn I s th incibl organization hr, it simply blows m away. Did David (or whovr wrot this) actually hav this who outlin in his mind whil writing this? Did it volv organically? Did h jot a fw nots on scratch papr, and thn dvlop th psalm? On of th intrsting intractions is btwn th writr of Scriptur and God th Holy Spirit. Although it is difficult to s whn rading a translation, th styl of writing varis dramatically from book to book. John writs with th simplst of Grk, using an incibly limitd vocabulary. Moss painstakingly rcos vnts as wll as th wos of God, bing carful to distinguish btwn God s Wos and his own in Exodus, Lviticus and Numbrs. Most of Samul is straightforwa narrativ, which is rasonably asy to translat and to undrstand. Som of th psalms ar rasonably asy to undrstand and othrs ar almost impntrabl (.g., Psalm 68). Invariably, thr ar a larg numbr of wos sprinkld throughout th psalms which ar diffrnt from thos typically found in narrativs and historical writings. In th cas of this particular psalm, I bliv that th author 2 has a particularly complx mind, th kind of mind that can play a man gam of chss; th kind of mind that can look to what is not writtn yt, and to somhow hold this in his brain until h gts that far. I don t bliv that th Holy Spirit was th On to giv this psalm is styl and organization; th Holy Spirit no doubt brathd divin information through th human author, but I bliv that th author s intllignc, vocabulary and writing styl was lft intact. Evn though this is a fairly simpl rcounting of th history of Isral, th organization of this is gnius. I may nd to do a sid-by-sid of this organization and th psalm itslf at th nd. Th prcis organization of this psalm suggsts that it was composd as a whol unit rathr than half bing nd writtn prior to th moving of th Ark, and th 2 half at som latr dat. 1 This was takn and slightly changd from Bullingr s grat book Figurs of Spch Usd in th Bibl; E. W. Bullingr; horiginally 1898; rprintd 1968 by Bakr Books; pp On tim, I followd th movs of a chss match btwn two profssional chss playrs (this was in a nws column), and, insofar as I could dtrmin, on man had th othr on bat 15 movs in advanc; that is, thr was a tipping point not too far into th gam, whn on playr wnt on th offnsiv and th othr playr was unabl to rcovr from bing on th dfnsiv. In thos final movs, I could not, for th lif of m, com up with any altrnat mov that would hav turnd things around. Obviously, I hav playd chss bfor, but how any man can s a dozn movs in advanc compltly aws m. Th writr of this psalm is lik a chss playr looking a dozn movs down th road. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins With rgas to th titl of this psalm, Clark writs: Th halllujah which trminats th prcding Psalm, is mad th titl of this by th Vulgat, Sptuagint, Ethiopic, and Arabic: but it has no titl ithr in th Hbrw or Chald. Th Syriac considrs it a paraphras on th wos, Far not, Jacob, to go down into Egypt; and tach us spiritually not to far whn w ar obligd to contnd with dvils; for God is our shild, and will fight for us. 8 Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Th Radr (Isral), th Focus (Yhowah) and th Tn Imprativs 8 Adam Clark, Commntary on th Bibl; from -Swo, Psalm 105 introduction.

10 Psalm Giv thanks to Y howah; call in His nam; Mak known in th popls His dds. Psalm 105:1 Giv thanks to Y howah; [and] call upon His nam. Mak His dds known among th popls. Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: Giv thanks to Jhovah and call upon His nam. Mak His dds known to all popl throughout th world. Dad Sa Scrolls Masortic Txt Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: O giv thanks to th LORD, for H is good; For [His stadfast lov ndurs forvr! O giv thanks to th LORD, call] on His nam; mak known [His d]ds among th a popls! This psalm is found aftr Psalm 147 in 11QPs (and most likly in 4QPs ). 9 Ths ar th only two psalm scrolls which prsrv this psalm. Giv thanks to Y howah; call in His nam; Mak known in th popls His dds. Allluia. Giv thanks to th Lo, and call upon His nam; dclar His works among th hathn. Thr is no diffrnc btwn th Grk and th Hbrw; xcpt that th Grk taks th titl for this psalm from th prvious Psalm. th Dad Sa Scrolls hav an additional lin in v. 1. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Good Nws Bibl (TEV) Nw Jrusalm Bibl Prais th LORD and pray in his nam! Tll vryon what h has don. Giv thanks to th LORD, proclaim his gratnss; tll th nations what h has don. Allluia! Giv thanks to Yahwh, call on his nam, proclaim his dds to h popls! Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Bibl in Basic English Easy English (Churchya) HCSB JPS (Tanakh) NET Bibl Nw Intrnational Vrsion O giv prais to th Lo; giv honour to his nam, talking of his doings among th popls. Say "thank-you! to th LORD. Tll (vrybody) his nam. Tll popl in vry country what h has don. Giv thanks to th LORD, call on His nam; proclaim His dds among th popls. Prais th LORD; call on His nam; proclaim His dds among th popls. Giv thanks to th LORD! Call on his nam! Mak known his accomplishmnts among th nations!. Giv thanks to th LORD, call on his nam; mak known among th nations what H has don. 9 Th Dad Sa Scrolls Bibl; translation and commntary by Martin Abgg Jr., Ptr Flint and Eugn Ulrich; Harpr SF, 1999, p. 554.

11 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: LTHB Young's Updatd LT O giv thanks to Jhovah; call on His nam; mak His dds known among th popls. Giv thanks to Jhovah call in His nam, Mak known among th popls His acts. What is th gist of this vrs? Th psalmist bgins with 3 imprativs to th radr (harr): giv thanks to Jhovah; call upon His nam; and mak His dds known to all popl. Psalm 105:1a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs yâdâh ( ) [pronouncd yaw-awh] giv thanks, prais, clbrat; confss nd 2 prson masculin plural, Hiphil imprativ Strong s #3034 BDB #392 lâmd ( ) (pronouncd l ) to, for, towas, in rgas to, with rfrnc to, as to, with rgas to, blonging to prposition No Strong s # BDB #510 YHWH ( ) [pronunciation is possibly yhoh-wah] translitratd variously as Jhovah, Yahwh, Y howah propr noun Strong s #3068 BDB #217 Translation: Giv thanks to Y howah;... This psalm opns with th scond prson plural, Hiphil imprativ of to giv thanks (this wo mans to cast or throw in th Qal or Pil; and to confss in trms of naming on's transgrssions (in th Hithpal; possibly in th Hiphil). Ths ar not just arbitrary manings; th concpt is that w ar throwing or casting somthing bfor God whn th wo is found in th Hiphil or th Hithpal. In th Hiphil, th causativ stm, a strong cas could b mad for thr to first b motivation, which coms from God s Wo in th soul. Psalm 106:1 rads: Halllujah (Prais th Lo)! Giv thanks to Y howah, for H is good; for His grac is vrlasting. Isa. 12:2: Obsrv, God is my salvation. I hav trustd and I will not b afraid; for Y howah God is my strngth and song; and H also has bcom my dlivranc. This psalm fully focuss upon God and His provision for and protction of th Isralits. Th psalmist calls th popl to prais God for what H has don and to xprss thanks to Him for His grac. Application: W hav a vry larg Old Tstamnt which should not b igno simply bcaus w ar in th Church Ag. Although, w ar not undr th Law of Moss, thr ar a grat many things in th Old Tstamnt which would bnfit us. Whn w ar unsur about our rlationship to God, or unsur about just how much a part of our livs God is involvd in, thn w look to Isral and w look to s how God functiond in th nation Isral. this psalm bgins with 10 imprativs, but thn movs to a history of Isral from th patriarchs through to th nation God brought through th dsrt. W ought not to focus on th miracls or dramatic signs, but upon th car and involvmnt of God with nation Isral, from bginning to nd. Whn w obsrv th jalous brothrs of Josph slling him into slavry to th Egyptians (actually, this is not xactly what occur). Obviously, this would appar to b a grat injustic, a grat wrong which nds to b rightd; and, for many today in Josph s plac, you would hav hauld your brothrs into court and sud thm for thir actions. But hr is God s hand in all of this: God snt Josph to Egypt to prpar th way for his family. Psalm 105 tlls us this straight out: God snt a man bfor thm (v. 17a). So, whn w fac difficult circumstancs, w look back to Josph; w look back to what God did for all Isral; and w rcogniz that God works in our livs as wll, and in ways that w may not fully apprciat whil thy occur.

12 Psalm This vrs bgins a st of 10 imprativs. From th vry start, w ar told to giv thanks to God. Lt m hypothsiz that ach of ths imprativs will b rlatd to th contnt of this psalm. God has don many things on bhalf of Isral H has mad many promiss to Isral and H will kp ths promiss. For ths rasons, th harr ought to giv thanks to God. Psalm 105:1b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs qârâ ( ) [pronouncd kaw-raw] to call, to proclaim, to rad, to call to, to call out to, to assmbl, to summon; to call, to nam [whn followd by a lâmd] nd 2 prson masculin plural, Qal imprativ Strong's #7121 BDB #894 h b ( ) [pronouncd b ] in, into, through; at, by, nar, on, upon; with, bfor, against; by mans of; among; within a prposition of proximity No Strong s # BDB #88 Although th bêyth prposition is primarily a prposition of proximity, it can also man in, among, in th midst of; at, by, nar, on, bfor, in th prsnc of, upon; with; to, unto, upon, up to; in rspct to, on account of; bcaus of; by mans of, about, concrning. shêm ( ) [pronouncd sham] nam, rputation, charactr masculin singular noun with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong s #8034 BDB #1027 Translation:...[and] call upon His nam Th radr is njoind hr to call by mans of His Nam, to call in th Nam of Him, tc. Th implication is that on is calling to God but th mphasis is that it is by mans of His Nam, a rfrnc to th scond prson of th trinity, Jsus Christ. All blivrs hav dirct accss to God, whn in fllowship. Our prayrs ar automatically basd upon th saving work of Jsus Christ. H is what givs us accss to God th Fathr. On of th actions which brings us into God s plan in a significant way is corrct prayr. God has st up a crtain protocol for prayr that, whn w fulfill that, w hav mad significant impact in God s plan. Our prayr lif is lik a touchdown pass; it is a significant occurrnc in th gam. And any blivr can participat in this way and such participation glorifis God, Who mad provision for your prayrs in trnity past. Now, th ky is protocol: you must b filld with th Spirit (i.., you hav rcntly namd your sins to God) and you addrss your prayrs to God th Fathr. Th mor doctrin that you hav, th mor ffctiv your prayrs can b. Th lss doctrin you hav, th mor oftn you bg God to mak it stop hurting or you bg Him to gt you out of a jam that you got yourslf into or you ask Him for things that you shouldn t b asking for (.g., for som prson s hand in marriag whn thy would mak you on of th most misrabl popl on arth). And it will com to pass that whovr calls on th nam of Y howah will b dliv. (Jol 2:32a). W will viw a numbr of things which God has don on bhalf of Isral, and many wr th rsult of calling upon His nam or calling for God to act by mans of His nam. Bcaus H has com through in th past, w ought to continu to hav th faith to call upon Him.

13 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Psalm 105:1c Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs yâda ( ) [pronouncd yaw-dah ] to caus to know, to mak on know, to instruct, to tach nd 2 prson masculin plural, Hiphil imprativ Strong s #3045 BDB #393 h b ( ) [pronouncd b ] in, into, through; at, by, nar, on, upon; with, bfor, against; by mans of; among; within a prposition of proximity No Strong s # BDB #88 ammîym (. ) [pronouncd ahm- MEEM] popls, nations; tribs [of Isral]; rlativs of anyon masculin plural collctiv noun with th dfinit articl Strong s #5971 BDB #766 lîylâh ( ) [pronouncd al--law] actions, dds; wanton acts fminin plural noun with a 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong s #5949 BDB #760 Translation: Mak His dds known among th popls. Now, God had a plan for Isral and part of this plan was for thm to rach out to th Gntils. Your godly ons will blss You and thy will spak of th glory of Your kingdom and thy will talk of Your powr th powr to mak known to th sons of mn Your mighty acts and th glory of th majsty of Your kingdom (Psalm 145:10b 12). Sing to Y howah; blss His nam. Proclaim good nws of His salvation from day to day. Tll of His glory among th nations His wondrful dds among all th popls (Psalm 96:2 3). What I find fascinating is that God did not snd out missionaris from th nation Isral as H dos from th church. You would xpct that in a tim of mor rstrictd travl and rstrictd flow of information that God would hav th Isralits going out into th world to vangliz th world. Howvr, that is His plan today, vn though w hav almost instant informational accss to things which occur half-way around th world. God has not changd; H provids vryon with positiv volition a chanc to bliv in His Son, rgalss of gographical location and linguistic barrirs. So God saw to it that His blssing of th nation Isral was mad clar around th world, and vryon had a chanc to bliv in Jsus Christ basd upon His nd rputation. This purpos is statd hr in this psalm; th thi vrb is th 2 prson plural, Hiphil imprativ of to know. Th similarity of th two wos is an allitration, as w hav th bêyth (without th dagsh) also rpatd. What is to b mad known among th popls is His acts, dds, practics. This is a rfrnc to all that God had don on bhalf of Isral; not only th miracls and wondrs of God s acts which took thm out of Isral, but vrything which prcdd that. In fact, that is xactly what this psalm is about to xtol th works of God. What was wll-known to th popl in th land around Isral was how God brought thm out of Egypt and put thm in this land flowing with milk and hony. Many popl outsid th nation Isral wr savd in this way, by having God s dds mad known to thm. Gill rmarks: His dds among th popl ar th ffcts of his counsl, wisdom, powr, and goodnss; such as th works of cration and providnc, and spcially of grac, and salvation; and which wr to b publishd among th Hathn, for th glory of his nam: and indd th Gospl, which is o to b prachd to all nations, is nothing ls than a dclaration of what Jhovah, Fathr, Son, and Spirit, hav don and do. 10 Throughout Scriptur, God calls upon us to mak known His powr, majsty and dds. 10 Dr. John Gill, John Gill s Exposition of th Entir Bibl; from -Swo, Psalm 105:1.

14 Psalm Mak God s Dds Known to all th Popl Scriptur Psalm 89:1 Psalm 96:3 Psalm 145:4 7, Isa. 12:4 Danil 4:1 3 Danil 6:26 27 Incidnt I will sing of th stadfast lov of th LORD, forvr; with my mouth I will mak known your faithfulnss to all gnrations. Dclar his glory among th nations, his marvlous works among all th popls! On gnration shall commnd your works to anothr, and shall dclar your mighty acts. On th glorious splndor of your majsty, and on your wondrous works, I will mditat. Thy shall spak of th might of your awsom dds, and I will dclar your gratnss. Thy shall pour forth th fam of your abundant goodnss and shall sing aloud of your rightousnss. Thy shall spak of th glory of your kingdom and tll of your powr, to mak known to th childrn of man your mighty dds, and th glorious splndor of your kingdom.. And you will say in that day: "Giv thanks to th LORD, call upon his nam, mak known his dds among th popls, proclaim that his nam is xaltd. King Nbuchadnzzar to all popls, nations, and languags, that dwll in all th arth: Pac b multiplid to you! It has smd good to m to show th signs and wondrs that th Most High God has don for m. How grat ar his signs, how mighty his wondrs! His kingdom is an vrlasting kingdom, and his dominion ndurs from gnration to gnration. I mak a dcr, that in all my royal dominion popl ar to trmbl and far bfor th God of Danil, for h is th living God, nduring forvr; his kingdom shall nvr b dstroyd, and his dominion shall b to th nd. H dlivrs and rscus; h works signs and wondrs in havn and on arth, h who has savd Danil from th powr of th lions." Ths passags wr suggstd by Trasury of Scriptural Knowldg; by Cann, Brown, Blayny, Scott, and othrs about 1880, with introduction by R. A. Torry; courtsy of E-swo, Psalm 105:1. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Sing to Him; sing praiss to Him; Dclar in all of His wondrful acts! Psalm 105:2 Sing to Him. Sing praiss to Him. Dclar [or, mditat about] all of His xtraoinary acts! Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: Sing to Him and prform music to Him! Study about all of His xtraoinary acts. Masortic Txt Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: Sing to Him; sing praiss to Him; Dclar in all of His wondrful acts! Sing to Him, and sing praiss to Him: tll forth all His wondrful works. Th Grk adds in th kai conjunction.

15 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Good Nws Bibl (TEV) Th Mssag Nw Living Tstamnt Sing praiss to th LORD! Tll about his miracls. Sing prais to th LORD; tll th wondrful things h has don. Sing him songs, blt out hymns, translat his wondrs into music! Sing to him; ys, sing his praiss, Tll vryon about his miracls. Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Bibl in Basic English Easy English (Churchya) God s Wo NET Bibl Lt your voic b sounding in songs and mlody; lt all your thoughts b of th wondr of his works. Sing songs to him, mak music for him. Spak about all th grat things that h has don. Sing to him. Mak music to prais him. Mditat on all th miracls h has prformd. Sing to him! Mak music to him! Tll about all his miraculous dds!. Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: MKJV WEB Young's Updatd LT Sing to Him, sing praiss to Him; talk of all His wondrful works. Sing to him, sing praiss to him! Tll of all his marvlous works. Sing to Him sing prais to Him, Mditat on all His wondrs. What is th gist of this vrs? W hav 3 mor imprativs in this vrs: sing to Him; sing praiss to Him; and mdiat upon or tll of His wondrous dds. Psalm 105:2a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs shîyr ( ) [pronouncd shr] to sing nd 2 prson masculin plural, Qal imprativ Strong s #7891 BDB #1010 lâmd ( ) (pronouncd l ) to, for, towas, in rgas to, with rfrnc to, as to, with rgas to; blonging to; by dirctional/rlational prposition with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix No Strong s # BDB #510 Translation: Sing to Him. In this stanza, w hav thr mor 2 prson plural imprativs. Th first imprativ nd implors us to sing to God, which is what this psalm is all about it is prformd by th Lvits bfor an audinc of prhaps thousands, and it is possibl that thy ar bing njoind to sing along.

16 Psalm Psalm 105:2b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs zâmar ( ) [pronouncd zaw-mahr] to sing; to mak music in prais of God, to mak mlody; proprly to cut off (i.., to divid up [a song] into its various parts) nd 2 prson masculin plural, Pil imprativ Strong s #2167 & #2168 BDB #274 lâmd ( ) (pronouncd l ) to, for, towas, in rgas to, with rfrnc to, as to, with rgas to; blonging to; by dirctional/rlational prposition with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix No Strong s # BDB #510 Translation: Sing praiss to Him. Th ntir thrust of this psalm was a song which clbratd th praiss of God and glorifid His grat works on bhalf of Isral. Th diffrnc btwn this and th prvious vrb is, th prvious vrb appars to apply to singing with on s voic, and this vrb appars to involv musical instrumnts and/or prais. Th first vrb mphasizs th voic nd and th 2 vrb mphasizs th contnt or th accompanimnt. 11 Thr is a song from opra which is absolutly amazing ; howvr, whn I s th actual manings of th wos in English, I am lss than imprssd. Howvr, I hav ha a doctrinal mssag applid to this song, and it is quit stirring, both du to th contnt and th music itslf. Psalm 105:2c Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs sîyach ( ) [pronouncd SEE-ahkh] communicat, dclar, spak of, talk about; mditat, study nd 2 prson masculin plural, Qal imprativ Strong s #7878 BDB #967 h b ( ) [pronouncd b ] in, into, through; at, by, nar, on, upon; with, bfor, against; by mans of; among; within a prposition of proximity No Strong s # BDB #88 kôl ( ) [pronouncd kohl] vry, ach, all of, all; any of, any masculin singular construct not followd by a dfinit articl Strong s #3605 BDB #481 pâlâ ( ) [pronouncd paw-law] things don wondrfully; thrfor, incibl works, miracls, xtraoinary acts fminin plural, Niphal participl with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong's #6381 BDB #810 Translation: Dclar [or, mditat about] all His xtraoinary acts! Whn making this music, th wos ar to th rmain in th ralm of th doctrin of th wondrous works which God has don. This 6 imprativ has two ssntial manings: th harr is both to mditat and study th acts of God; and h is to dclar ths acts to othrs. Although th immdiat contxt calls mor for th dclaration of God s works, on must first know what God has don bfor on can dclar thm. 11

17 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls W ar told again and again in Scriptur to study God s marvlous works: Study and Mditat on God s Wo Scriptur Dut. 6:6 9 Psalm 77:12 Psalm 119:27 Incidnt And ths wos that I command you today shall b on your hart. You shall tach thm diligntly to your childrn, and shall talk of thm whn you sit in your hous, and whn you walk by th way, and whn you li down, and whn you ris. You shall bind thm as a sign on your hand, and thy shall b as frontlts btwn your ys. You shall writ thm on th doorposts of your hous and on your gats. I will pondr all your work, and mditat on your mighty dds. Mak m undrstand th way of your prcpts, and I will mditat on your wondrous works. Whil thy [2 discipls of Jsus] wr talking and discussing togthr, Jsus himslf drw nar and wnt with thm. But thir ys wr kpt from rcognizing Him. And H said to thm, "What is this convrsation that you ar holding with ach othr as you walk?" And thy stood still, looking sad. Thn on of thm, namd Clopas, answ Him, "Ar you th only visitor to Jrusalm who dos not know th things that hav happnd thr in ths days?" And H said to thm, "What things?" Luk 24:15 27, And thy said to Him, "Concrning Jsus of Nazarth, a man who was a propht mighty in dd and wo bfor God and all th popl, and how our chif prists and rulrs dliv Him up to b condmnd to dath, and crucifid Him. But w had hopd that H was th on to m Isral. Ys, and bsids all this, it is now th thi day sinc ths things happnd. Morovr, som womn of our company amazd us. Thy wr at th tomb arly in th morning, and whn thy did not find His body, thy cam back saying that thy had vn sn a vision of angls, who said that h was aliv. Som of thos who wr with us wnt to th tomb and found it just as th womn had said, but him thy did not s." And H said to thm, "O foolish ons, and slow of hart to bliv all that th prophts hav spokn! Was it not ncssary that th Christ should suffr ths things and ntr into his glory?" And bginning with Moss and all th Prophts, H intrprtd to thm in all th Scripturs th things concrning himslf. And thir ys wr opnd, and thy rcognizd him. And h vanishd from thir sight. Thy said to ach othr, "Did not our harts burn within us whil h talkd to us on th road, whil h opnd to us th Scripturs?" Luk 24:44 48 Thn h said to thm, "Ths ar my wos that I spok to you whil I was still with you, that vrything writtn about m in th Law of Moss and th Prophts and th Psalms must b fulfilld." Thn h opnd thir minds to undrstand th Scripturs, and said to thm, "Thus it is writtn, that th Christ should suffr and on th thi day ris from th dad, and that rpntanc and forgivnss of sins should b proclaimd in his nam to all nations, bginning from Jrusalm. You ar witnsss of ths things. And bhold, I am snding th promis of my Fathr upon you. But stay in th city until you ar clothd with powr from on high."

18 Psalm Study and Mditat on God s Wo Scriptur 1Tim. 4:16 2Tim. 2:15 Incidnt B conscintious about yourslf and your taching; prsvr in ths things, for by doing this you will sav both yourslf and your harrs. Study arnstly to prsnt yourslf approvd to God, a workman that dos not nd to b ashamd, rightly dividing th Wo of Truth. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Throughout th psalms, th radr (or listnr) is dirctd to sing or to proclaim God s charactr, His grac and His powrful works. Prais God for All that H is and Tll Othrs about Him Scriptur Ex. 13:8 9 Psalm 27:6b Psalm 30:4 5 Psalm 78:4 8 Psalm 146:2 Incidnt You shall tll your son on that day, 'It is bcaus of what th LORD did for m whn I cam out of Egypt.' And it shall b to you as a sign on your hand and as a mmorial btwn your ys, that th law of th LORD may b in your mouth. For with a strong hand th LORD has brought you out of Egypt. And I will offr in His tnt sacrifics with shouts of joy. I will sing, ys I will sing praiss to Y howah Sing prais to Y howah, you, His godly ons, and giv thanks to His holy nam, for His angr is but for a momnt and His grac is for a liftim. Wping may last for th night, but a shout of joy coms in th morning W will not hid thm from thir childrn, but tll to th coming gnration th glorious dds of th LORD, and his might, and th wondrs that h has don. H stablishd a tstimony in Jacob and appointd a law in Isral, which h commandd our fathrs to tach to thir childrn, that th nxt gnration might know thm, th childrn yt unborn, and aris and tll thm to thir childrn, so that thy should st thir hop in God and not forgt th works of God, but kp his commandmnts; and that thy should not b lik thir fathrs, a stubborn and rbllious gnration, a gnration whos hart was not stadfast, whos spirit was not faithful to God. I will prais Y howah whil I liv; I will sing praiss to my God whil I hav my bing Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Application: It is rasonabl to study spcific doctrins, to rpat thm in your mind (or vn aloud) so that you can communicat ths things to othrs. Obviously, all blivrs should b abl to clarly communicat th gospl and to b abl to approach it from svral diffrnt angls. Aftr all, this is th gratst work of God. Thr is nothing wrong with studying aspcts of what God has don as wll. Studying anatomy, psychology, astronomy, biology, chmistry, tc. ar all wondrous works of God, and ths ar amazing things to study. On of th fascinating things about God s univrs is, no mattr how narrow th fild that w choos and how dp that w study it, thr is always much mor to know. Whn studying God s cration or vn thos things which com as a rsult of His cration (philosophy, mathmatics, conomics, politics), it is xtraoinarily complx and

19 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls wondrful, and aftr having chosn a narrow disciplin, w gnrally find out that all w know is a small prcntag of what thr is t know. Tak th singl cll, which is th bulding block of all lif on would think, that is simpl nough. Aftr all, w ar mad of millions of clls, so how complx could studying individual clls? Aftr all, w can s thm undr a microscop; w can isolat thm, w can study thm in a varity of circumstancs and yt, our knowldg of clls is quit incomplt. W could study particular groups of living clls, and still, aftr, say, 8 yars of univrsity training, w can know a lot, but w should also rcogniz how littl w know as wll. My fild of study in school was primarily mathmatics. Whn I bgan, I was rlativly unimprssd. I had to pick up with mathmatics whr I lft off wll, in fact, I backtrackd somwhat, and bgan with Collg Algbra, Analytic Gomtry and Trigonomtry. Thr was obviously much mor to ths topics than what I cov, but I flt that I had a rlativly good grasp of th matrial. Whn I pickd up my rathr havy Calculus book, I was somwhat amazd as to its hft, and thn mor surprisd that this containd 4 courss worth of matrial. In going through th first two yars, it bcam clar to m that w wr only skimming th surfac of this particular disciplin. Aftr that, mathmatics bcam a lot mor difficult (apart from Linar Algbra and arly statistics courss). I rcall gtting this tiny book on Sris and Squncs, and thn finding out on th first day that w would only covr about 4 chaptrs of this tiny book, and I thought to myslf, whoa, how asy! I was wrong about that. But, whn I first ralizd that I had barly skimmd th surfac of my disciplin is whn I took som graduat courss in mathmatics at U of H. Not only wr thr a lot of offrings in th list of courss, and quit a numbr of slf-dirctd courss (which surprisd m) and courss which appa to b rathr opn-ndd and organic (thy appa to vary from yar to yar, dpnding upon th profssor s approach), but th library slction of math books was ovrwhlming. I ndd to go to th library and pick up a coupl of rfrnc books, as my profssor was difficult to undrstand and th assignd txtbook was not much hlp. Whn I cam to th sction on mathmatics, I was rathr surprisd. I saw somthing which I did not know xistd: bookcas aftr bookcas aftr bookcas of books on mathmatics. I had no ida thr wr so many; and it was not a mattr of having books on th sam topic, but thr wr such a varity of diffrnt sorts of mathmatics which I was nvr awar of, vn having had a Bachlors dgr in mathmatics. I rcall sing topic aftr topic that I had no clu about: fuzzy sts, vctor bundls. I nvr vn stimatd how many shlvs of books thr wr. In rtrospct, thr sms to m lik thr wr ' of bookshlvs, floor to ciling, books on both sids, ssntially filld thousands of books on mathmatics. At this point I ralizd, I hav barly scratchd th surfac of my own disciplin. Compa to what I could know, I knw such a tiny prcntag of my major that it was almost mbarrassing. Thr wr mor books on th shlvs thr about topics that I did not vn hav a clu about, than thr wr books whr I had som kind of an ida what was insid. Mathmatics might vn b sn as an indirct cration of God. My point in all of this is, no mattr how far w plumb th dpths of God s cration, th bst w can do is scratch th surfac; th bst w can do is com to a rlativ fw gnralizations and principls. W liv during an ag of th xplosion of knowldg, and th mor w know, th mor w rcogniz that w don t know. Th mor w know, th mor w raliz that in any disciplin, thr is much mor still to b discov than w alrady know. Thr is an attmpt to sculariz schools today as much as possibl. W misapply our constitution (th sparation of church and stat, a phras which dos not vn occur in th constitution), and anything which has anything to do with Jsus Christ is rmovd from larning. For instanc, I rcall larning many of th grat Christmas hymns in school; now, ths ar hymns which today som schools ignor compltly, or thy ar prsntd at parity with th songs of Satan s rligions. Th bulk of our schools wr foundd by Christians intrstd in th study of God s cration. Th vast majority of our scintists, past and prsnt, bliv in God th majority of thos bliv in Jsus Christ. And yt, thr ar ths activists who attmpt to tak anything smattring of Christianity out of our public schools (including th colors and grn during th Christmas holidays). Not surprising to most Christians, th furthr and furthr our schools mov from Jsus Christ, th mor dangrous thy bcom and th lss larning which taks plac and th mor indoctrination which taks plac. What sms to b fascinating about today s school systm is, thr ar so many childrn who mrg from high school lacking som of th barst ssntials in th ralm of rading, writing, history, mathmatics and scinc; and yt, so many

20 Psalm of thm sm to hav strongly formd political opinions. It sms backwas to not hav ssntial knowldg of th world around you, and yt to hav strong opinions, nvrthlss. Th Bibl tlls us: Mditat on His wondrous works. This is what school ought to b. And sinc I am on this tangnt, lt m add, som kids ar going to b lft bhind! I am of th opinion that a significant numbr of studnts 10 20% ought to drop out of high school around thir Sophomor yar and start som kind of apprnticship. Thr should also not b such a push for collg, and making som kids fl lik thy ar rjcts bcaus thy hav chosn not to go to collg. Collg should b for approximatly 50% of our nd studnts who graduat from high school. Th othr 50% ar not 2 class popl, nor hav thy bn lft bhind. High school nds to provid a good ovrall background for a child, and b rigorous nough so that child actually has som fundamntal knowldg which thy can rgurgitat. Prais in a nam of His holinss; rjoics a hart of thos sking Y howah. Psalm 105:3 Prais His holy nam. [Lt] th hart of thos who sk Y howah rjoic. Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: Prais His holy nam; and lt th hart of thos who sk Jhovah rjoic. Dad Sa Scrolls Masortic Txt Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: Glory in [His ho]ly nam [lt th] hart [of th on who sks] His grac rjoic! Prais in a nam of His holinss; rjoics a hart of thos sking Y howah. Glory in his holy nam: lt th hart of thm that sk th Lo rjoic. Non btwn th Latin, Grk and Hbrw. Howvr, in th Dad Sa Scrolls, th scond lin has thos sking His grac and in th Syriac, thy sk His fac.. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Good Nws Bibl (TEV) Th Mssag Nw Living Tstamnt Rvisd English Bibl Clbrat and worship his holy nam with all your hart. B glad that w blong to him; lt all who worship him rjoic. Honor his holy nam with Halllujahs, you who sk GOD. Liv a happy lif! Exalt in his holy nam; O worshiprs of th LORD, rjoic. Exalt in his hallowd nam; lt thos who sks th LORD b joyful in hart. Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Bibl in Basic English Easy English (Churchya) God s Wo HCSB NET Bibl Hav glory in his holy nam; lt th harts of thos who ar sarching aftr th Lo b glad. B proud of his holy nam. Evrybody that gos to th LORD (in his hous), b vry happy! Brag about his holy nam. Lt th harts of thos who sk th LORD rjoic. Honor His holy nam; lt th harts of thos who sk th LORD rjoic. Boast about his holy nam! Lt th harts of thos who sk th LORD rjoic! Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings:

21 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls MKJV Young's Updatd LT Glory in His holy nam; lt th hart of thos who sk Jhovah rjoic. Boast in His Holy Nam, Th hart of thos sking Jhovah rjoic. What is th gist of this vrs? This thi vrs has on mor imprativ followd by an indicativ: w ar njoind to boast [glory] in His holy Nam [rputation, prsonag]; and thn w ar told that thos who sk Jhovah God will rjoic. Psalm 105:3a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs hâlal ( ) [pronouncd haw-lahl] to b praisd; to glory, to boast onslf, to b clbratd nd 2 prson masculin plural, Hithpal imprativ Strong s #1984 BDB #237 Th Hithpal is gnrally known as th intnsiv rflxiv. Howvr, this is an ovrsimplification, and not applicabl hr. Th Hithpal convys th ida that on puts himslf into th stat or th action of th vrb, which is an achivd stat. Sow givs svral uss: (1) Its primary us is rflxiv th vrb dscribs action on or for onslf. That is, th subjct of th vrb is also th objct of th vrb. Howvr, this dos not compltly convy th rflxiv us, as thr ar xampls whr th vrb taks on anothr objct. Ths vrbs ar known as tolrativ th subjct allows an action to affct himslf or hrslf. (2) Rciprocal us: Occasionally, th Hithpal dnots rciprocity; that is, thy workd with on anothr, thy lookd at on anothr. (3) Th thi us is known as itrativ, which mans that th Hithpal suggsts rpatd activity (h walkd about, h walkd to and fro, and turnd back and forth). (4) Th fourth us is known as stimativ: th vrb indicats how on shows himslf or rgas himslf, whthr in truth or by prtns (h prtndd to b 12 sick, thy profssd to b Jws). Th Hithpal is intnsiv (and somtims sn as an accomplishd stat). h b ( ) [pronouncd b ] in, into, through; at, by, nar, on, upon; with, bfor, against; by mans of; among; within a prposition of proximity No Strong s # BDB #88 shêm ( ) [pronouncd sham] nam, rputation, charactr masculin singular construct Strong s #8034 BDB #1027 qôdsh ( ) [pronouncd koh-desh] holinss, sacnss, apartnss, that which is holy, holy things masculin singular noun with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong's #6944 BDB #871 This wo is occasionally us to man a sac [holy, st apart] plac; a sanctuary. It is not usd that way hr, but its us may b significant. th Translation: Prais His holy nam,... This is th 7 of th 3 prson masculin plural, imprativs. Praising God s holy nam is not unlik dclaring His wondrous works. His works manat from His holy charactr, which is xprssd by th phras His holy nam. So, that final imprativ in this group of 7 calls for us to prais or clbrat God s prfct charactr. W hav rason, by way of xprinc and by way of Bibl doctrin in our souls to boast or to glory in God; this glorying in His nam mans that w rjoic concrning His prfct charactr. This dosn t man that w rpat His nam ovr and ovr again as though it is som sort of a magic formula. God s nam is His charactr; it is His prfct rightousnss and His prfct justic. And our only way of grasping what His prfct charactr is through His Wo: 12 Choon-Long Sow, A Grammar for Biblical Hbrw (Rvisd Edition); Abingdon Prss, Nashvill; 1995, pp

22 Psalm W Glory in God s Prfct Charactr Scriptur Psalm 33:21 22 Psalm 89:16 Psalm 138:2 Jr. 9: Cor. 1:29 31 Gal. 6:14 Incidnt For our hart rjoics in Him bcaus w trust in His holy nam. Lt your grac, O Y howah, b upon us, accoing as w hav hopd in You In Your nam, thy rjoic all th day; and by Your rightousnss, thy ar xaltd I will bow down towa Your holy tmpl and I will giv thanks to Your nam for Your grac and for Your truth; for You hav magnifid Your Wo abov all Your Nam Thus says th LORD: "Lt not th wis man boast in his wisdom, lt not th mighty man boast in his might, lt not th rich man boast in his richs, but lt him who boasts boast in this, that h undrstands and knows m, that I am th LORD who practics stadfast lov, justic, and rightousnss in th arth. For in ths things I dlight, dclars th LORD." No flsh should glory bfor God. But of him ar you+ in Christ Jsus, who was mad to us wisdom from God, and rightousnss and sanctification, and mption: that, accoing to as it is writtn, H who gloris, lt him glory in th Lo. But far b it from m to glory, xcpt in th cross of our Lo Jsus Christ, through which th world has bn crucifid to m, and I to th world. From God s charactr procds His plan. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins th Anothr minor considration hr is, this is th 7 of th imprativs, and 7 is usd to indicat God s prfction or to indicat compltion. Spaking of 7's (this is quit th sgu), on of th fascinating things in this world is th 7 day work wk. This is almost univrsal in our world, and yt fw scularists sm to ask why. A mathmatician might may 6 th numbr of days in a wk, as it is known as a prfct numbr (th sum of its propr divisors is 6). 6 is also known as th numbr of man. Onc th numbr of days in a yar wr known, choosing 5 might hav bn a good choic, sinc th numbr of days in th yar ar divisibl by 5. Or, prhaps 8 days might b chosn. Howvr, th work wk is 7 days bcaus God rsto th arth in 6 days, and rstd th on th 7. th I stoppd hr and discussd th numbr 7, as th psalmist follows this 7 imprativ with an indicativ (mor proprly, a Qal imprfct). Psalm 105:3b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs sâmach ( ) [pronouncd saw- MAHKH] to rjoic, to b glad, to b joyful, to b mrry 3 prson masculin singular, Qal imprfct Strong s #8055 BDB #970 In th Hbrw txt, this is clarly a Qal imprfct; howvr, th Latin, Grk and Syriac all rndr this as an imprativ (at last, my English vrsions of th Latin and Syriac do, along with th Grk txt).. lêb ( ) [pronouncd b lay v] hart, innr man, mind, will, thinking masculin singular construct Strong's #3820 BDB #524

23 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Psalm 105:3b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs bâqash ( ) [pronouncd baw- KAHSH] th ons sking, thos who ar sarching; th ons who dsir, thos attmpting to gt, th ons dmanding (rquiring, striving aftr, asking, sking with dsir and dilignc) masculin plural Pil participl Strong s #1245 BDB #134 YHWH ( ) [pronunciation is possibly yhoh-wah] translitratd variously as Jhovah, Yahwh, Y howah propr noun Strong s #3068 BDB #217 Translation: [Lt] th hart of thos who sk Y howah rjoic. This is an odd duck of a phras; prior to this, w nd hav 7 2 prson masculin plural, imprativs, and suddnly w hav a 3 prson masculin singular, Qal 13 imprfct (although many translators incorrctly rndr this as a 3 prson masculin plural, Qal imprativ). In any cas, it jumps out at you from th midst of so many imprativs (7 imprativs prcd this phras; and 3 imprativs follow it). Th psalmist is not longr tlling th radr what to do, but h stats that th on whos hart sks Jhovah will rjoic and thy will b happy. Prov. 8:17: I [Bibl doctrin] lov thos who lov m; And thos who sk m diligntly will find m. Isa. 55:6 7: Sk Yahwh whil h may b found; call+ on him whil h is nar: lt th wickd forsak his way, and th unrightous man his thoughts; and lt him rturn to Yahwh, and h will hav mrcy on him; and to our God, for h will abundantly paon. Lam. 3:25: Th LORD is good to thos who wait for him, to th soul who sks him. God has allowd m to gt up vry morning and study His Wo. Now and again, lik all mn with f of clay, I hav othr concrns; howvr, if my lif changd drastically, what I would miss th most would b ths fw hours which I can spnd in His Wo. Thr ar som vnings whr it is a modrat struggl to stop what I am doing and gt off th Bibl class. I could us a numbr of rationalizations hr to allow myslf to stay hom, as has bn th cas for my ntir Christian lif. Howvr, if my lif wr vr radically changd, th most difficult thing for m to los would b His Wo. In many Muslim countris, w could b stond to dath for studying God s Wo. To opnly worship th Lo of Glory would b to tak our own livs in our hands. On top of that, just to find a Bibl tachr who knows what s what, would b vn mor difficult. W liv in th gratst nation which has vr bn, and that is du to th fact that God s Wo is radily availabl. This is du to th fact that w snd missionaris to othr lands to proclaim God s Wo. And, our gratnss is basd upon our rlationship with God s popl, th Jws. Spaking of th gratnss of th US, lt m mntion a rcnt UN survy: 13 Th Qal imprfct involvs having an xtra lttr, so you cannot mix up a Qal imprativ with a Qal imprfct.

24 Psalm UN Study: Bst and Worst Placs to Liv in th World Commntary Graphic Priodically, th Unitd Nations dos a study and ranking of th countris. Th latst study, just put t in Novmbr of 2007, ranks Icland as th bst nation in th world, and th Unitd Stats slippd th th from 8 plac to 12 plac (sinc th last such study was don). 175 nations, including Hong Kong and th Palstinian trritoris, ar ratd with such critria as lif xpctancy, ral pr capita incom, and ducation lvls. This is such a jok. Apart from Australia of th top 12, ths ar nations which ar not going to hav popl from all ovr th world trying to mov thr. On of our gratst problms at this tim is daling with th millions of illgal immigrants who hav movd into our country. At th sam tim, on of Franc s gratst problms at this tim is rioting Muslims, who hav, up to this point, killd ovr 100 Frnch policmn. Thr is nothing mor fascinating that human viwpoint. Now that this study is out, it will b intrsting to s th suddn influx of popl to Icland. TmWMcF and Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins To go off on anothr tangnt, also rcogniz that th forcs at work hr ar not so much to sculariz our schools and our socity, but to rmov Jsus Christ from our schools and our socity. Foot washing baths for Muslims at airports or at public schools? No problm. In fact, thr ar vn som public schools whr thr is Muslim worship which occurs in th classroom during school hours. But songs about Jsus Christ sung by our school s choirs? That is a whol othr issu. And bar in mind, ths sam forcs which want to rmov Jsus 14 Christ from our livs also would lik to turn us away from Isral as an ally. What occurs to m is, in ths first 7 commands, that David is laying out th spiritual lif of th Old Tstamnt, which culminats in th innr happinss of th Old Tstamnt blivr. This is only an hypothsis, but, as w go through this, bar in mind that w do not hav th filling of th Holy Spirit for all blivrs in th Ag of Isral. 14 I writ this in Octobr of 2007; no tlling how things ar during that tim that you rad this.

25 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Th Svn Commands of th Spiritual Lif in th Ag of Isral Scriptur Giv thanks to Y howah; [and] call upon His nam. Mak His dds known among th popls. Sing to Him. Sing praiss to Him. Dclar [or, mditat about] all of His xtraoinary acts! Prais His holy nam. [Lt] th hart of thos who sk Y howah rjoic. Commntary Blivrs in th Old Tstamnt particularly th Jws wr to rcogniz all that God has don on thir bhalf, and to appropriatly thank God for His multipl blssings. Whn thr ar difficultis, trials or tribulations, th blivr is to call upon God for His strngth and powr. Old Tstamnt blivrs wr to tll of what God has don to thos around thm. This bgan arly in th family, th fathr passing along this information to his sons and daughtrs. Music can b particularly moving and is a grat plasur of lif; and th Old Tstamnt blivr is njoind to sing to God. It is important that what w sing has maning and is rlatd to truth; hr, thy ar calld upon to sing praiss to God. W must hav doctrin in our souls in or to spak th truth. Th blivr must first study and larn what God has don, and thn h is abl to dclar to all what God has don. Basd upon what God has don, th Old Tstamnt blivr undrstood th charactr of God, and h was to prais God s charactr, which is rprsntd by His nam. th This 8 phras is not a command, but what happns whn ths othr commands ar followd. Th nd rsult of ths actions is happinss in th soul of th blivr. Also notic th parallls abov, whr ach command has a paralll command. Now, quit obviously, rbound (naming on s sins to God) and salvation ar not namd hr, and th assumption is, th prson rading or haring this psalm is a blivr in Jsus Christ and in fllowship with God. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Sk Y howah and His strngth; sk His facs continually. Psalm 105:4 Study [or, sk] Y howah and His strngth [or, majsty]; continually sk His fac [with intns dsir]. Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: Study Jhovah and His majsty and glory; and continually sk His prsnc. Masortic Txt Sptuagint Sk Y howah and His strngth; sk His facs continually. Sk y th Lo, and b strngthnd; sk his fac continually.

26 Psalm Significant diffrncs: Th Grk LXX looks at His strngth as bing a passiv vrb. Thr is only a lttr or so diffrnc btwn th two approachs. Th Latin and Syriac ar in agrmnt with th Grk. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Good Nws Bibl (TEV) Th Mssag Nw Jrusalm Bibl Trust th LORD and his mighty powr. Go to th LORD for hlp; and worship him continually. Kp your ys opn for GOD, watch for his works; b alrt for signs of his prsnc. Rly on th mighty LORD; constantly sk his fac. Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Bibl in Basic English Complt Apostls Bibl Easy English (Churchya) God s Wo HCSB JPS (Tanakh) NET Bibl Nw Intrnational Vrsion Lt your sarch b for th Lo and for his strngth; lt your harts vr b turnd to him. Sk th Lo, and b strngthnd; sk His fac continually. Visit th LORD, who is so powrful. Always go to him (in his hous). Sarch for th LORD and his strngth. Always sk his prsnc. Sarch for th LORD and for His strngth; sk His fac always. Turn to th LORD, to His might sk His prsnc constantly. Sk th LORD and th strngth h givs! Sk his prsnc continually! Look to th LORD and his strngth; sk his fac always. Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: Th Amplifid Bibl LTHB Young's Updatd LT Sk, inquir of and for th Lo, and crav Him and His strngth [His might and inflxibility to tmptation, sk and rquir His fac and His prsnc continually] vrmor. Sk Jhovah and His strngth; sk His fac without casing. Sk Jhovah and His strngth, Sk His fac continually. What is th gist of this vrs? W rturn to imprativs, and th radr (harr) is njoind to sk Jhovah and His powr and strngth and to sk His fac (prsnc) continually. Psalm 105:4a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs dârash ( ) [pronouncd daw-rash] to sk, to mak inquiris concrning, to consult, to invstigat, to study, to follow, to inquir nd 2 prson masculin plural, Qal imprativ Strong s #1875 BDB #205 YHWH ( ) [pronunciation is possibly yhoh-wah] translitratd variously as Jhovah, Yahwh, Y howah propr noun Strong s #3068 BDB #217

27 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Psalm 105:4a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs w (or v ) ( ) [pronouncd wh] and, vn, thn; namly; whn; sinc, that; though simpl wâw conjunction No Strong s # BDB #251 ôz ( ) [pronouncd ohz] strngth, might; firmnss, dfns, rfug, protction; splndor, majsty, glory prais masculin singular noun with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong s #5797 BDB #738 Th Sptuagint, Vulgat Latin, and Syriac vrsions, rndr this, "sk th Lo, and b strngthnd." Translation: Study [or, sk] Y howah and His strngth [or, majsty];... W hav two diffrnt wos hr oftn givn th sam translation. Th first is th Qal imprativ of to sk, to consult, to invstigat, to study, to follow, to mak inquiris concrning, to consult, to inquir. W sk God by th study of His Wo. In this world, w ar wak. A tiny bactria or virus can bring us down. W ar nothing bfor a hurrican, tornado, volcanic xplosion, arthquak, or any othr natural disastr. Th dmons which plagu us ar smartr, know mor scriptur and ar strongr than w ar. I v sn powrful, strong mn laying in bd, dbilitatd with som disas, thir formr physical prowss now irrlvant to thir livs. W may fool ourslvs and think that w ar strong and powrful, but dath will ovrcom vry singl on of us, and som of us will di by som dbilitating disas which robs us of our strngth and powr. Furthrmor, th tru strngth and powr is in our minds it is what w think. Our soldirs particularly our marins and spcial forcs larn an incibl mntal toughnss which taks thm through all kinds of disastrs and prssurs. Just this past month, Navy SEAL Lt. Michal P. Murphy, 29, of Patchogu, NY, rcivd th Mdal of Honor posthumously for incibl bravry undr to th most trmndous prssur. H was killd Jun 27-28, 2005, whil lading a four-man, spcial rconnaissanc mission ast of Asadabad in th Hindu Kush of Afghanistan. Th tam was trying to find a ky Taliban ladr in th mountainous trrain whn it cam undr fir, th Navy said. Murphy was shot whn h 15 crawld into th opn trying to signal for hlp. Two othrs wr killd in th incidnt; on survivd. My undrstanding is, ths mn wr havily outnumb, on a scrt mission, so thir xact whrabouts wr unknown, and Michal Murphy, without any rga for his own prsonal safty, movd out in th opn, putting himslf undr dirct fir, so that h could contact his bas for support (thy wr unabl to contact thir bas undr covr whr thy wr; th mountainous trrain blockd communications). This is mntal toughnss; this is incibl bravry. And this Michal Murphy is not som tough kid from th hood, but his fathr dscribs him 16 as "honst, kind, caring -- probably th antithsis of what you would call a warrior." H larnd this mntal strngth in boot camp and it was a part of his charactr. Fw of us will vr fac that sort of a lif and dath situation howvr, w study and sk God s strngth, so that our livs can b honorabl and rflct imprsonal lov and slf-control. W will all b placd undr prssur and God will rval Himslf through us, if w hav His strngth and powr. On of th buzzwos of th 90's was mpowrmnt. I must admit that my concpt of that wo is a prson who has no strngth of charactr, who gts pushd around, and ssntially fls worthlss, so h has got to grab a hold of som mpowrmnt. God s strngth is ours. Somtims H has to tak away our strngth so that w fully raliz His strngth. Howvr, usually whn H tachs us through xprinc for instanc, to rly on His strngth, to hav patinc in Him, to rmain morally pur, tc. whn God tachs us through xprinc, it is oftn bcaus w rfusd to larn it from His Wo. Prsonally, it is a hll of a lot asir for m to larn this dirctly from his Wo that a stov is hot, rathr than to hold my hand down on it and discovr that for myslf. 15 Takn from Th man who nd survivd (Ptty Officr 2 Class Marcus Luttrll) also wrot a book about this incidnt. 16

28 Psalm Application: By th way, if you ar on of thos popl who has to larn by xprinc, thn that s fin just don t tll anyon that you ar a Christian. It mbarrasss th rst of us whn you hav first idntifid yourslf with Jsus Christ and thn you spnd most of your lif putting your hand on hot stovs for all to s. You ar why unblivrs point and say, Now that s why I hav no intrst in fundamntalist Christianity; Christians ar just a bunch of hypocrits. Application: So that I don t lav this phras in a slf-rightous huff, plas rcogniz that, if you hav prfct standas, which all blivrs should hav, thn you ar going to naturally b hypocritical that cannot b hlpd. Howvr, whn you conduct your lif in a public ralm, you must raliz that othrs ar watching you if thy raliz that you ar a blivr in Jsus Christ. So, if you ar going to li, chat and stal in businss, thn kp your faith a scrt; if you ar going to carous, drink, us drugs and chas womn, thn kp your faith in Christ on th down low. What I am spaking of hr is a consistnt pattrn of lif. Application: And just so w ar clar on this, onc you hav bcom a blivr in Jsus Christ, thn if you continu with a lifstyl as I hav dscribd abov, part of that lifstyl is going to includ divin disciplin. Psalm 105:4b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs bâqash ( ) [pronouncd baw- KAHSH] sk, sarch out, dsir, striv aftr, attmpt to gt, rquir, dmand, ask, sk with dsir and dilignc nd 2 prson masculin plural, Pil imprativ Strong s #1245 BDB #134 pânîym ( ) [pronouncd paw- NEEM] fac, facs, countnanc; prsnc masculin plural noun (plural acts lik English singular); with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong s #6440 BDB #815 tâmîyd (. ) [pronouncd taw-meed] continuously, continuity masculin singular noun/advrb Strong s #8548 BDB #556 Translation:...continually sk His fac [with intns dsir]. Th scond vrb is th Pil imprativ of to sk or to sk with dsir and dilignc. Thr is motivation and intnsity attachd to th scond vrb. Hr, w hav to watch ourslvs. W ar not sking som mystical prsnc of God or som warm, runny fling bcaus God is nar. God is always nar and His hand is always in our lif and His prsnc is always with us. Howvr, th concpt of sking His fac gos dirctly to bing in fllowship and know His prfct charactr, which coms only from knowing His Wo which is how H has rvald Himslf to us. Thr ar thos who complain bcaus thy do not fl God s prsnc in thir livs; thy do not fl that God has involvd Himslf in thir livs; thy do not s any sort of visibl manifstation of His fac. Th problm big surpris hr is not with God. As has bn said, God is omniprsnt H is vrywhr. H is omniscint H knw vry hartach, vry problm, vry difficulty that w would fac and H knw ths things in trnity past. This mans that w will nvr fac a problm for which H did not mak provision for in trnity past. Whn w w ar not awar of God s prsnc (and I man awar in th sns of knowing, not fling), thn it is gnrally a mattr that w hav not grown spiritually. God s prfct charactr is ascrtaind through His Wo; H has not rvald Himslf in any othr way in our dispnsation. W don t nd to sk som grat motional xprinc nor do w nd to giv cnc to th grat motional xprincs of othrs. If somon tlls you that thy had this grat xprinc or dram and hr is what God said to thm or rvald to thm, just quitly mov away. W hav a compltd canon of Scriptur with God s rlationship to you fully xplaind in th gratst dtail. And whn it coms to spiritual impact, no on can compar to a prson with God s Wo in his soul. W

29 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls can only hop that w will b known as: This is th gnration of thos who sk Him; who sk Your fac. [Listn], O Jacob! (Psalm 24:6). Rmmbr His incibl works which H has don; His wondrs and judgmnts of His mouth,... Psalm 105:5 Rcall His incibl works which H has don, [as wll as] His wondrs [and signs] and th judgmnts which H has spokn [lit., of His mouth],... Call to mind God s incibl works as wll as His wondrs and signs and all wisdom, judgmnt and guidanc from th Wo of God,... Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: Masortic Txt Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: Rmmbr His incibl works which H has don; His wondrs and judgmnts of His mouth. Rmmbr his wondrful works that h has don; his wondrs, and th judgmnts of his mouth;... Non. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Good Nws Bibl (TEV) Th Mssag Rmmbr his miracls and all his wondrs and his fair dcisions. You dscndants of Abraham, his srvant; you dscndants of Jacob, th man h chos: rmmbr th miracls that God prformd and th judgmnts that h gav. Rmmbr th world of wondrs h has mad, his miracls, and th victs h's rnd... Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Bibl in Basic English Easy English (Churchya) God s Wo NET Bibl Kp in mind th grat works which h has don; his wondrs, and th dcisions of his mouth;... Rmmbr th grat things that h has don. (Rmmbr) his *miracls and what h said (to Pharaoh)... Rmmbr th miracls h prformd, th amazing things h did, and th judgmnts h pronouncd,... Rcall th miraculous dds h prformd, his mighty acts and th judgmnts h dc [th Hbrw rads and th judgmnts of his mouth ],... Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: Th Amplifid Bibl [Earnstly] rmmbr th marvlous dds that H has don, His miracls and wondrs, th judgmnts and sntncs which H pronouncd [upon His nmis, as in Egypt] [Psalm 78:43 51]. English Standa Vrsion Rmmbr th wondrous works that h has don, his miracls, and th judgmnts h utt,... Young's Litral Translation Rmmbr His wondrs that H did, His signs and th judgmnts of His mouth..

30 Psalm What is th gist of this vrs? Th final imprativ rquirs th radr (harr) to call to mind all of th wondrs which God did, His signs and pronouncmnts of judgmnt. W may rasonabl assum that th writr is pointing us primarily in th dirction of what God did for Isral whn in Egypt and whn H ld thm out of Egypt into th Land of Promis. Psalm 105:5a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs zâkar ( ) [pronouncd zaw-kahr] rmmbr, rcall, call to mind nd 2 prson masculin plural, Qal imprativ Strong s #2142 BDB #269 pâlâ ( ) [pronouncd paw-law] things don wondrfully; thrfor, incibl works, miracls, xtraoinary acts fminin plural, Niphal participl with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong's #6381 BDB #810 shr ( ) [pronouncd ash-er] that, which, whn, who, whom rlativ pronoun Strong's #834 BDB #81 âsâh ( ) [pronouncd aw- SAWH] to do, to mak, to construct, to fashion, to form, to prpar 3 prson masculin singular, Qal prfct Strong's #6213 BDB #793 Translation: Rcall His incibl works which H has don,... Th radr (or harr) is njoind to call to mind all of th grat works which God has don. Th things which w ar to rmmbr ar His xtraoinary works and His wondrs, signs, miracls. W oftn do not raliz how important and what an impact was th xodus and God s works among mankind from th past. Howvr, th psalmists continually point our attntion in that dirction. I will rcall th dds of th Lo; I will crtainly rmmbr Your wondrs of old. I will mditat on all Your work and I will think on all of your dds (Psalm 77:11 12). Many, O Y howah my God, ar th wondrs which You hav don; and Your thoughts towa us. Thr is non to compar with You. If I would dclar and spak of thm, thy would b too numrous to count (Psalm 40:5). This is how Moss instructd th Gnration of Promis: If you should say in your hart, Ths nations ar gratr than I; how can I dispossss thm? You will not b afraid of thm; you will rmmbr wll what Y howah your God did to Pharaoh and to all of Egypt; th grat trials which your ys saw and th signs and th wondrs and th mighty hand and th outstrtchd arm by which Y howah your God brought you out. So Y howah your God will do to all th popls of whom you ar afraid. (Psalm 7:17 19). Spurgon commnts: Mmory is nvr bttr mployd than upon such topics. Alas, w ar far mor rady to rcollct foolish and vil things than to rtain in our minds th glorious dds of Jhovah. If w would kp ths in rmmbranc our faith would b strongr, our gratitud warmr, our dvotion mor frvnt, and our lov mor intns. Sham upon us that w should lt slip what it would sm impossibl to forgt. W ought to nd no xhortation to rmmbr such wondrs, spcially as H has wrought thm all on th bhalf of His popl Charls Haddon Spurgon, A Trasury of David; -Swo, Psalm 105:5 (slightly ditd).

31 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Psalm 105:5b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs môphêth ( ) [pronouncd mo- FAITH] a wondr, sign, miracl; a proof [of divin involvmnt], a sign [of a futur vnt] masculin plural noun with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong s #4159 BDB #68 w (or v ) ( ) [pronouncd wh] and, vn, thn; namly; whn; sinc, that; though simpl wâw conjunction No Strong s # BDB #251 mîsh pâ ( ) [pronouncd mish - PAWT] judgmnt, justic, a vict rnd by a judg, a judicial dcision, a judicial sntnc, a vict, th judgmnt of th court; th act of dciding a cas, th plac whr a judgmnt is rnd masculin plural construct Strong's #4941 BDB #1048 ph ( ) [pronouncd ph] mouth [of man, animal; as an organ of spch]; opning, orific [of a rivr, wll, tc.]; dg; xtrmity, nd masculin singular noun with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong s #6310 BDB #804 Translation:...[as wll as] His wondrs [and signs] and th judgmnts which H has spokn [lit., of His mouth],... God s judgmnts and dcisions rflct His prfct charactr. His actions rflct His prfct charactr and His intgrity. Clark spaks of th judgmnts of God s mouth, and says thy ar Whatvr H has spokn concrning good or vil. His commands, promiss, thratnings; and particularly what H has fortold, and what H has don. 18 Gill on this judgmnts of His mouth, as wll as a summation of this vrs: [th judgmnts of His mouth ar] th laws and statuts givn at Sinai: ach of which wr indd to b rmmb: but "His wondrs" may tak in all th wondrful things don in Egypt and in th wildrnss, and in sttling th Isralits in th land of Canaan; and "his judgmnts" may also intnd th judgmnts which H thratnd to bring upon th nmis of Isral, and which H did bring upon thm as H said. Th wondrs of His grac, of His law and Gospl, His judgmnts and His tstimonis, ar not to b forgottn. 19 W ar continually calld upon to rmmbr what God has don and what H has said: Mmory is a Part of our Spiritual Lif Scriptur Dut. 7:18 19 Incidnt You will not b afraid of thm but you will rmmbr what th LORD your God did to Pharaoh and to all Egypt, th grat trials that your ys saw, th signs, th wondrs, th mighty hand, and th outstrtchd arm, by which th LORD your God brought you out. So will th LORD your God do to all th popls of whom you ar afraid Adam Clark, Commntary on th Bibl; from -Swo, Psalm 105:5 (slightly ditd). Dr. John Gill, John Gill s Exposition of th Entir Bibl; from -Swo, Psalm 105:5 (slightly ditd).

32 Psalm Mmory is a Part of our Spiritual Lif Scriptur Dut. 8:2 3 Psalm 77:11 12 Psalm 103:2 5 Isa. 43:18 19 Luk 22:19 Incidnt And you will rmmbr th whol way that th LORD your God has ld you ths forty yars in th wildrnss, that H might humbl you, tsting you to know what was in your hart, whthr you would kp His commandmnts or not. And H humbld you and lt you hungr and fd you with manna, which you did not know, nor did your fathrs know, that H might mak you know that man dos not liv by brad alon, but man livs by vry wo that coms from th mouth of th LORD. I will rmmbr th dds of th LORD; ys, I will rmmbr your wondrs of old. I will pondr all Your work, and mditat on Your mighty dds. Blss th LORD, O my soul, and forgt not all his bnfits, Who forgivs all your iniquity, Who hals all your disass, Who ms your lif from th pit, Who crowns you with stadfast lov and mrcy, who satisfis you with good so that your youth is rnwd lik th agl's. Rmmbr not th formr things, nor considr th things of old. Bhold, I am doing a nw thing; now it springs forth, do you not prciv it? I will mak a way in th wildrnss and rivrs in th dsrt. And Jsus took brad, and whn H had givn thanks, H brok it and gav it to thm, saying, "This is My body, which is givn for you. Do this in rmmbranc of M." Quit obviously, in or to rmmbr somthing, you must know that thing in th first plac. So rcalling God s works on bhalf of Isral, or His saving work, or His Wo all rquir that w know about ths things in th first plac. This list of passags all cam from Trasury of Scriptural Knowldg; by Cann, Brown, Blayny, Scott, and othrs about 1880, with introduction by R. A. Torry; courtsy of E-swo, Psalm 105:5. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins I bliv that what is in th writr s mind is, h is pointing us towa th xodus, which will b brought out in much of th rst of this psalm. Th psalmist is going to tak us on a journy of th history of th Jwish popl, which will tak us from Abraham to th conquring of th land of Canaan. Howvr, th primary focus will b on th xodus and on Isral in th dsrt. Psalm 78 looks at this from a diffrnt prspctiv; I will only quot a portion of it, but th psalmist spaks of Isral s continud unfaithfulnss to God and thir lack of faith in Him as contrastd with God s faithfulnss to Isral and His continud hand in thir affairs: Psalm 78:40 55: How oftn thy provokd Him in th wildrnss, and grivd Him in th dsrt! Ya, thy turnd back and tmptd th Mighty God, and troubld th Holy On of Isral. Thy did not rmmbr His hand, th day whn H ransomd thm from th nmy, whn H brought to pass His signs in Egypt, and His wondrs in th filds of Zoan; turnd thir rivrs into blood, and thir strams, so that thy could not drink. H snt swarms of flis among thm, which dvou thm; and frogs, which dstroyd thm. H also gav thir crops to th catrpillar, and thir labor to th locust. H dstroyd thir vins with hail, and thir sycamor trs with frost. H also gav up thir cattl to th hail, and thir flocks to lightning. H cast upon thm His burning angr, wrath, indignation, and distrss, by snding vil angls. H mad a path for His angr; H did not spar thir soul from dath, but gav thir lif ovr to th plagu, and struck all th firstborn in Egypt, th first of thir strngth in th tnts of Ham. But H mad His own popl go forth lik shp, and guidd thm in th wildrnss lik a flock; and H ld thm on safly, so that thy did not far; but th sa ovrwhlmd thir nmis. And H brought thm to th bor of His sanctuary, this mountain which His right hand had acqui. H also drov out th nations bfor thm, allottd thm an inhritanc by a survyor's lin,

33 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls and mad th tribs of Isral dwll in thir tnts. Our passag instad focuss on what mn should do and why thy should trust in God and sk Him. W hav had 7 commands, which rlat to th spiritual lif of th Old Tstamnt blivr, followd by a rsult. Thn w hav 3 mor commands blow, which possibly may b rlatd to th Trinity. Th Final Thr Commands of Psalm 105:4 6 Scriptur Study [or, sk] Y howah and His strngth [or, majsty]; continually sk His fac [with intns dsir]. Rcall His incibl works which H has don, [as wll as] His wondrs [and signs] and th judgmnts which H has spokn [lit., of His mouth], O progny of Abraham, His srvant, O sons of Jacob, His chosn ons. Incidnt W ar to study th strngth and powr and charactr of God th Fathr, Whos plan is grat and all-ncompassing. Through God th Holy Spirit, w sk Who and What God is; this is don by th Wo of God, which is mad undrstandabl by God th Holy Spirit. God s Works and th judgmnts which H maks is mad manifst through God th Son, th manifst prson of th Trinity. Evry tim w find a mntion of a manifstation of God in th Old Tstamnt (.g., th burning bush, th Angl of th Lo), this is God th Son, who would bcom our Grat Mdiator. Ths commands ar addrssd to th childrn of Isral. I will admit, this may b a littl forcd; howvr, I do not fl that ths 7 and thn 3 commands givn in this psalm ar just miscllanous intrchangabl commands which ar just thrown in hr. I may not hav fully apprhndd thir maning, but I am sur that somon ls will com along and plac thm into th corrct structur. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins This vrs, and th vrss prior to it, hav to b addrssd to somon; in v. 6 which follows, it will b clar that th psalmist is addrssing th dscndants of Abraham....O sd of Abraham, His srvant, O sons of Jacob, His chosn ons. Psalm 105:6...O progny of Abraham, His srvant, O sons of Jacob, His chosn ons. Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts:...you who ar th dscndants of Abraham, God s srvant, you who ar th sons of Jacob, God s chosn ons. Masortic Txt Pshitta Sptuagint...O sd of Abraham, His srvant, O sons of Jacob, His chosn ons....o you dscndants of Abraham, His srvant, you childrn of Jacob, His chosn on....sd of Abraam, his srvants, childrn of Jacob, his chosn ons.

34 Psalm Significant diffrncs: Th only diffrnc is, srvant is plural in th Grk and in th Dad Sa Scrolls. Sd in th Pshitta is plural and his chosn on in th Pshitta is in th singular. 20 Th Latin agrs with th Hbrw xactly. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Nw Amrican Bibl Nw Jrusalm Bibl Nw Living Tstamnt You blong to th family of Abraham, his srvant; you ar his chosn ons, th dscndants of Jacob. You dscndants of Abraham his srvant, offspring of Jacob th chosn on! Stock of Abraham, his srvant, childrn of Jacob whom h chos! O childrn of Abraham, God s srvant, O dscndants of Jacob, God s chosn on. Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Bibl in Basic English Complt Apostls Bibl Easy English (Churchya) God s Wo O you sd of Abraham, his srvant, you childrn of Jacob, his lovd ons....you sd of Abraham, His srvants, you childrn of Jacob, His lct. Abraham your fathr was (th LORD s) srvant. (Th LORD) chos Jacob and you ar (Jacob s) sons....you dscndants of his srvant Abraham, you dscndants of Jacob, his chosn ons. Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: English Standa Vrsion NRSV Young's Litral Translation...O offspring of Abraham, his srvant, childrn of Jacob, his chosn ons! O offspring of his srvant Abraham, childrn of Jacob, his chosn ons. O sd of Abraham, His srvant, O sons of Jacob, His chosn ons. What is th gist of this vrs? Th prvious 10 imprativs ar addrssd to th dscndants of Abraham and Jacob. Psalm 105:6a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs zra ( ) [pronouncd - ZEH-rah ] a sd, a sowing; an offspring, progny, dscndant; postrity masculin singular construct Strong s #2233 BDB #282 Ab râhâm ( - ) v [pronouncd ahb -raw- HAWM] fathr of a multitud, chif of a multitud; translitratd Abraham masculin singular propr noun Strong s #85 BDB #4 Som codics hav Isral instad of Abraham hr. Furthrmor, th paralll passag in 1Chron. 16:13 rads th sd of Isral. bd ( ) B [pronouncd E -vd] slav, srvant masculin singular noun with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong s #5650 BDB # This is basd upon th English translation from th Syriac.

35 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Psalm 105:6a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs Accoing to Rothrham s Th Emphasizd Bibl, which taks its lad from Ginsburg s Hbrw Nots, this should b plural (as it is found in th Sptuagint and th Syriac codics). Th paralllism of this vrs would not ncssarily bar out such a viw. In th Hbrw, it is singular, singular; plural, plural. Translation:...O progny of Abraham, His srvant,... From vv. 1 5, w hav tn imprativs dliv to th listnr; in v. 6 w idntify th listnr. This is to whom th psalm is addrssd. Gill commnts: Ths [th sd of Abraham] ar th prsons all along bfor addrssd; th Isralits, who dscndd from Abraham, wr his natural sd and offspring, and who had rason to giv thanks unto th Lo and prais his nam, sinc so many and such wondrful things had bn don for thm; though all that wr his natural sd wr not th childrn of God; and such who hav th sam faith h had, and trad in th stps h did, ar Christ's, and partakrs of his grac; ths ar Abraham's sd. 21 Your Bibl probably rads sd of Abraham...sons of Isral. Howvr, som codics rad sd of Isral and/or sons of Jacob rathr than sd of Abraham...sons of Isral hr. 1Chron. 16:13 rads sd of Isral...sons of Jacob. Furthrmor, th paralllism is rtaind whn w us Isral and Jacob, two nams for th sam prson. Th Bibl oftn usd ths nams in paralll potical lins: For Y howah has chosn Jacob for Himslf and Isral for His own possssion (Psalm 135:4). Howvr, on th othr hand, th Hbrw, Grk, Syriac and Latin all hav O sd of Abraham hr. So, apparntly whn this psalm was prformd in public on th occasion of moving th Ark of God, thy sang O sd of Isral...O sons of Jacob. At this point in tim, I rally do not know what to mak of it, why th psalm rads on way and why th public prformanc has this slight diffrnc. Whn w gt into 1Chron. 16, I will s if anything occurs to m. Now, whn it coms to th fundamntal doctrins of Scriptur, this slight chang is maninglss. In th psalm, w spak to thos who ar dscndd from Abraham, th fathr of th Jws, as wll as to thos who hav bn dscndd from Jacob, as a Jw had to b dscndd from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. It is possibl that th psalmist hr is mphasizing th tstimony of Abraham: Abraham blivd God and it was citd to his account as rightousnss (Gn. 15:6 Rom. 4:3 Gal. 3:6). Why this would b diffrnt in th prformanc of th psalm is byond m; howvr, ithr rading has no ffct on any doctrin. What would b most popular would b sons of Abraham. Any Isralit would want to b associatd with Abraham instad of with Isral. Why would anyon hav changd this? Simply bcaus Abraham was a grat man and bing dscndd from Abraham is an honor. Howvr, thr is littl in Jacob s lif to rcommnd him, othr than his grat lov and dvotion to Rachl. Thrfor, thr would hav bn tims in Isral s history whr Abraham was mor politically corrct to mntion than Jacob. Thrfor, a slight adjustmnt to this psalm by som apostat but wll-maning scrib is On possibl xplanation. W hav prviously xamind th lif of Abraham and th lif of Abraham was xmplary; howvr, throughout th history of Jacob, w oftn wondr why God vr rfrncs him again. From his young ag as a manipulator to his latr yars as a complaining, slf-cnt adult, w find vry littl in his lif to rcommnd him. Howvr, God s Wo continually spaks of th sd of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. Why is this? Jacob is illustrativ of God s grac; h is an hir of th promis by faith in Jsus Christ and is rmmb by God throughout trnity. Why is this important to us? For two rasons. On cannot hlp but xamin th unsavory history of Isral, hr unfaithfulnss, hr idolatris, hr turning compltly away from God s Wo, and thn conclud that God just gav all His promiss, lock stock and barrl, ovr to th church. That is patntly untru! In fact, that is Satan s own li! God has not forgottn nor has H forsakn Isral. It will b Isral and not th Church which is formost in th 21 Dr. John Gill, John Gill s Exposition of th Entir Bibl; from -Swo, Psalm 105:6.

36 Psalm tim of th Grat Tribulation. In fact, at th tim of th tribulation, th Church will hav bn rmovd from th arth and th church which rmains will b in grat apostasy (as is Isral and hr popl today). Th scond rason is that many of you ar total loosrs in th spiritual lif. You blivd in Jsus Christ, but thn fll out of fllowship 13 minuts aftr bliving and you havn t namd your sins to God sinc thn. In othr wos, you hav bn prtnding to b this grat Christian warrior, whras, in fact, you ar pathtic Christian hypocrit, a total mbarrassmnt to Jsus Christ. Why is Jacob important to you? Bcaus it is obvious that Jacob is savd by grac and not by works. And if God fulfilld all His promiss to Jacob and his sd, and God will fulfill all of His promiss to you. Psalm 105:6b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs bên ( ) [pronouncd ban] son, dscndant masculin plural construct Strong s #1121 BDB #119 Ya qôb ( ) - [pronouncd yah- uh- B KOH V] supplantr; insidious, dcitful; to circumvnt and is translitratd Jacob masculin propr noun Strong s #3290 BDB #784 bâchîyr (. ) [pronouncd baw- KHEER], chosn, chosn ons, lct [ons] masculin plural noun with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong s #972 BDB #104 Translation:...O sons of Jacob, His chosn ons. Hr, w clarly hav a rfrnc to Jacob, and th significanc is grac, as notd abov. Jacob did littl in his lif to rcommnd him as a grat blivr. H mad mistak aftr mistak aftr mistak, and clarly rcod his shortcomings in th Wo of God (I prsonally bliv that a portion of Gnsis was writtn by Jacob). Gill commnts: this [sons of Jacob] is addd to distinguish th prsons intndd from th othr sd of Abraham in th lin of Ishmal; for in Isaac his sd was calld, which wr th childrn of th promis, and that in th lin of Jacob, and not in th lin of Esau; from whom thy wr calld Isral or Isralits, a popl whom th Lo chos abov all popl on th fac of th arth; for th wo "chosn" may b connctd with th childrn as wll as with Jacob. Th whol spiritual Isral of God, whthr Jws or Gntils, all such who ar Isralits indd, as thy appar to b th chosn of God, so thy ar bound to prais his nam. 22 What I should dal with hr is, th minor qustion of should this rad O progny [singular] of Abraham, His srvant [singular]; O sons of Jacob, His chosn ons [plural]; or should th first and/or scond singular both b plurals? In th Masortic txt and in th Latin, both of th first two wos in qustion ar in th singular. In th Syriac (insofar as I can tll from th English translation), th first noun (sd) is in th plural; and in th Grk, 23 th scond noun (srvant) is in th plural. I think that from th standpoint of paralllism, this should b singular, singular, plural, plural, as w find in th Hbrw txt. Furthrmor, I think that thr is a logical progrssion, from Abraham bing God s srvant to thos born of Jacob bing His chosn ons. Aftr all, not all bliving Jws bhav as if thy ar God s srvants (Gn X of th xodus gnration) ar quit th illustration of this. So, I bliv that th txt, as found in th Hbrw, should stand. You may hav glossd ovr that last paragraph, so lt m lay it out for you: 22 Dr. John Gill, John Gill s Exposition of th Entir Bibl; from -Swo, Psalm 105:6. 23 Accoing to Rothrham, th Syriac has srvant in th plural. I don t rad Syriac and I do not hav a Syriac Bibl; I hav an English translation of th Syriac Bibl, which is not always going to b a prfct rndring of th Syriac.

37 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Th Altrnat Radings of Psalm 105:6 Psalm 105:6 O sd of Abraham, Sourc Manuscripts Masortic txt; Sptuagint; Latin Vulgat Alt: O sd of Isral, som codics; txt of paralll passag in 1Chron. 16:13 Alt: O sds of Abraham, His srvant, Alt: His srvants, O sons of Jacob, His chosn ons. Alt: His chosn on. Syriac txt (from th English) Masortic txt; som LXX (Sptuagint) manuscripts; Syriac txt (from th English) a Sptuagint, Syriac txts; 11QPs (of th Dad Sa Scrolls); Latin MT, LXX, Latin; Syriac txt (from th English) Masortic txt; Sptuagint; Latin a Som Masortic txts; 11QPs (of th Dad Sa Scrolls); Syriac txt (from th English) Th MT rads O sd [singular] of Abraham, His srvant [singular]; O sons [plural] of Jacob, His chosn ons [plural]. This txt dos hav th most symmtry. Th LXX and Vulgat rad: O sd [singular] of Abraham, His srvants [plural]; O sons [plural] of Jacob, His chosn ons [plural]. Why do I bothr to do this? I rad anti-bibl wbsits and hav ha anti-christian spakrs, and thir contntion is oftn that som ntity cam along and mad massiv changs to th txt. I was brought up bliving from th taching of my own houshold that this mystrious ntity (oftn thought to b th arly Catholic Church) rmovd all of th rfrncs to rincarnation from th Bibl. You nd to rcogniz this: thr ar a numbr of Old Tstamnt manuscripts which wr undr th car of a varity of groups, many of which wr vn at nmity with on anothr. Th Christians, mor or lss, adoptd th LXX vrsion of Scriptur; th Jws wnt back to th Hbrw txt (prsrving it as th Masortic txt); and th Catholic Church, of cours, wr cartakrs of th Latin Vulgat txt (which is actually a VERY GOOD translation; and I say that as a non-catholic). Of all th vrss in this psalm, v. 6 is by far th most scrwd up. Hr s th point: with all of ths altrnativ radings, non of thm contradict th accpt doctrins of th Bibl. Is thr a problm with th txt? Obviously. Can I tll you which txt is th most rasonabl? I can mak an ducatd guss. Howvr, no mattr which txt you choos, for whatvr rasons, thr is nothing found hr to wakn vn th most scondary principls of th faith. Ar thr problms with th txt of th Bibl? Ys, but ths problms ar, for th most part, minor and inconsquntial. I hav gon through th ntir book of Samul, wo by wo, and givn you most of th altrnat radings (I attmptd to list thm all). 99% of th tim, thy ar lik this vrs, whr you rad th altrnat txts, and you say to yourslf, Who givs a flying frog about all this; just giv m your bst guss and w ar good to go.

38 Psalm Thr is no big rligious ntity which cam along and alt all of th manuscripts in or to prsnt som thological position which w call Christian orthodoxy today. No larg ntity has vr had control of all of th manuscripts availabl, insofar as w know. For instanc, whn th Catholic Church cam along, oftn dmonizd by unscholarly scptics, th Jws wr prsrving thir txt in at last two diffrnt citis; and thr wr thousands if not tns of thousands of churchs which had most or all of Scriptur in thir own privat possssion, throughout th world. Furthrmor, w hav ampl manuscripts which pat th Catholic Church, and ths manuscripts vary littl from latr manuscripts (of th Old and Nw Tstamnts). Furthrmor, w hav nough quotations from th Bibl from th arly fathrs to prtty much assmbl th ntir Nw Tstamnt. This cam from ; ; and Th Dad Sa Scrolls Bibl; translation and comm ntary by Martin Abgg Jr., Ptr Flint and Eugn Ulrich; Harpr SF, 1999, p Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Bcaus w hav books out now lik th Da Vinci Cod and bcaus thr ar so many conspiracy thorists out thr, and bcaus thr is so littl scholarship shown by thos who dnigrat Scriptur, lt s hav a fw points on th Catholic Church and th concpt of thm altring th holy manuscripts in or to promulgat thir Catholic doctrins. Th Catholic Church and Ancint Manuscripts 1. Unlarnd commntators and unscholarly critics oftn accus th Catholic Church of coming along and making swping changs to th Bibl, giving us th Christian doctrins which w hold to today. Som think that doctrins lik rincarnation wr rmovd from th txt. 2. This is patntly fals. Thr ar many manuscript lins apart from thos undr th control of th Catholic Church. 3. Th Catholic Church, for th most part, was a dcnt organization from th bginning. Sur, thy had som misstps and som thologians who wnt off in som goofy dirctions now and again, but th txt of Jrom, th Latin Vulat, is quit accurat, and it agrs about 98% of th tim with th Hbrw. 4. Whn thr ar disagrmnts btwn th Masortic txt, th Sptuagint (Grk txt) and th Latin Vulgat (Jrom s Latin translation), thy ar as inconsquntial as Psalm 105:6 abov. I am sur that half of th popl who rad this got bo halfway through and skippd a pag or two to whr I pick up th txt and xgsis again. 5. Whatvr txtual diffrncs thr ar, thy ar minor, inconsquntial and, most of th tim, mor tdious than intrsting. 6. Th Catholic Church did los its way, vntually, and brought in a numbr of fals doctrins and thy did som vil things with rgas to th Scripturs. 7. Th Catholic Church dcidd that th Pop could mak statmnts x-cathdra, and that ths dcisions would carry th sam wight as Scriptur. So, thy did not hav to altr th txt! Whn thy wnt bad, thy knw thr was no way to altr th txt, so thy dcidd th Pop could tll us what s up in th ralm of Catholic doctrin. So, do you undrstand this? Thy had no rason to vr chang th txt! 8. Scondly, th way th Catholic Church mssd with th ancint txts is, thy would not allow it to b sn by anyon. Now, was it a mattr of wanting to prsrv som of ths ancint txts or wr thir motivs mor nfarious? Probably, mostly th lattr. Howvr, kping th txt from th masss is much diffrnt than changing th txt. 9. And, again, th Old and Nw Tstamnt txts xistd in so many forms and languags by th tim th original Catholic Church cam along that, thr was no way that this ntity could hav don anything to chang to txt of Scriptur. Had thy don this, it would b obvious today: w could st our ancint Grk manuscripts down nxt to th quotations of ancint fathrs nxt to th supposdly changd txt of th Catholics, and th violations to th txt would b obvious. Howvr, w can st th Latin Vulgat down nxt to prtty much any othr txt of th Bibl, Old or Nw Tstamnt, from any ra, and w will find fw if any diffrncs; and th diffrncs w find will b lik th xampl abov: trivial and inconsquntial.

39 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Th Catholic Church and Ancint Manuscripts 10. W hav a plthora of manuscripts from a varity of groups, all which pat th Catholic Church (which dd not bgin as a corrupt organization); vn if thy had mad wholsal changs in th manuscripts in thir possssion, this would not affct our English translations, which ar not basd on th Latin Vulgat and most of which do not vn rfrnc th Latin Vulgat. 11. W do hav accss to th Latin manuscripts; anyon can go onlin and find th Latin manuscripts in a numbr of diffrnt placs. What you will find is, if you lay thm down nxt to manuscripts prsrvd by othr groups, that thr is not a dim s worth of diffrnc btwn thm. 12. What th Catholics did do is, at som point in tim, thy dcidd to dclar that th apocrypha txt was inspi, and som of thir Catholic doctrins com from thos txts (prayrs for th dad, purgatory, tc.). 13. So, again, thy did not nd to altr th txts in thir possssion; and, had thy modifid th txts in thir possssion, ths changs would hav bn apparnt to any txtual critic. If you vr discuss th Bibl with somon, and thy bgin making wild claims that th Catholic Church (or som othr thological organization) mad hug changs to th Scripturs; or that w cannot know what th Bibl says bcaus it has simply bn translatd too many tims, thn you ar daling with a prson who has absolutly no vidnc for what h blivs, and that h has simply adoptd som arbitrary axioms upon which h can bas his fals doctrin. Lt s s if I can brak this down a diffrnt way. Down th road from m is this hug Pntcostal Church, whos doctrins I do not subscrib to. Do you think that if I brok into thir church lat at night, changd som of th nots on thir computrs and changd th txts in thir library, that, thy would walk in th nxt day and bgin taching accurat doctrin? Do you vn think this is possibl that I could do such a thing and hot hav it noticd? Th Catholic Church, by th tim it bcam corrupt, would hav had to brak into thousands upon thousands upon thousands of churchs and ithr chang or rmov thir ancint manuscripts. And, vn if thy did somthing lik that, today, w still hav an abundanc of Nw Tstamnt manuscripts which pat th Catholic Church. If you gt nothing ls from this study, undrstand ths fw points: (1) It would hav bn physically impossibl for th Catholic Church, vn whn it was at its most powrful, to hav somhow locatd and changd th thousands of manuscripts locatd throughout th world at that tim, most of which had not vn bn discov. (2) Bcaus th Catholics took th apocrypha into th Bibl as authoritativ and bcaus th Pop was givn th powr to spak x-cathdra, thr was no nd for th Catholic Church to chang anything in th txt of th BIbl. (3) W can lay down th Latin txt right nxt to txts which pat that txt, and obsrv that thr ar no apprciabl diffrncs. In th limitd study that I hav don, I gnrally find th Latin Vulgat to b closr to th Masortic txt than vn th Grk Sptuagint (and lt m again mphasiz that th txtual diffrncs in viw hr ar minor). Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Now, what this is all about is two things: individual rsponsibility and corporat rsponsibility. W do hav a lot of information in Scriptur and in th tachings of doctrinal pastors about individual rsponsibility. Evry singl on of us must bliv in Jsus Christ and thn w nd to b in fllowship and to tak in doctrin. This is our individual rsponsibility. Your parnts cannot bliv in Jsus Christ for you; you cannot b born a Christian; you cannot b a Christian bcaus you wr baptizd as a child; only by your own prsonal choic to bliv in Jsus Christ can you b savd. Now, what has not gottn nough attntion is xgsis and in doctrinal churchs, is th concpt of corporat rsponsibility. Thr ar at last 3 clar groups of corporations to which most of us blong: marriag, family and country which ar also th divin institutions st up by God for all mankind. Ths concpts hav not bn

40 Psalm igno, and R. B. Thim Jr. got th ball rolling whn h classifid ths institutions. Furthrmor, thos who ar doctrinal tachrs hav bgun to dal with this subjct mattr; I just don t bliv that it has bn fully dvlopd yt. In any cas, your marriag is a corporat institution and a corporat tstimony. Now, I don t man that you nd to put on som kind of phony front as a marrid coupl that is not a tstimony to God. Howvr, you nd to do vrything in your powr in or to hav a stabl and halthy marriag. This includs marrying a blivr who is on doctrin and this includs taking in doctrin as a coupl. Whn church dos not mt, thn you nd to st apart tim at hom in study. Spiritual growth is a daily ndavor. God givs you 24 hours vry singl day. You spnd about 1 2 hours ating food during any givn day, and if somon actually prpars a mal, and clans up th dishs, ating during any givn day will run 2 5 hours vry singl day. So, spnding an hour in study is appropriat for th spiritual halth of a coupl, if only to gt thm both into fllowship for an hour a day. Prayr from a coupl is also vry ffctiv. And, so that thr is no confusion hr, th rsponsibility hr rsids with th husband. Th 3 divin institution is th family. A young coupl nds to grow and tak in doctrin as a coupl, and, whn thy hav childrn, transitioning to a family study should b samlss. Just as you sit up with your child, tach him or hr th gospl and how to pray, taching that child Bibl doctrin should also b a part of your daily lif. Your family maks a statmnt. Your family is a corporat tstimony. As a tachr, I mt with two Christian parnts of a child and this kid was a problm. H was not my worst problm at that school, but h was a problm. Th parnts sidd with th child, did not think that thr was anything that h ndd to do, and, th nxt tim I facd a problm in that kid s class, h was th ringladr (I might b ovrmphasizing his rol hr). Ths parnts should hav swatd that child s shadow into th wall and thy should hav rad him th riot act. Thy should not hav assumd that, sinc this kid was a Christian, that h was incapabl of doing wrong. Thy smd to b confusd about th doctrin of th old sin natur. Thir child had an old sin natur and thy ncouragd him to us it, which h did. If you ar th parnts of a family, your family is a tstimony. Your family is a spiritual forc. Your family is a corporat ntity bfor God. Evry singl mmbr of your family has an old sin natur. You nd to b awar of that, and tak that into considration. Whn I first bgan taching in Txas, w hav 5 outstanding principls on for ach class and th had principl. Thir childrn wr nvr problms in school. Th had principl s son was a tstimony to his fathr s lov and to his fathr s disciplin (somthing which w did not s). Th sam was tru, in that ra, of th childrn of tachrs at that school. If you had th son or daughtr of som tachr down th hall, or from th nxt building, at on tim, you could dpnd upon that child to show rspct and to work ha. This is what othrs should xpct from your family. Whn your scond born wandrs into som tachr s classroom, th tachr should not b saying to him or hrslf, Oh, crap, Charli Brown had mor than on child? Mayb I should put in for rtirmnt. Whn a child of yours is sn anywhr, thos who know anything about your family s rputation should b happy. If your child shows up looking for an aftr school job, if h or sh tris out for som sports activity aftr school, or if h or sh walks into a classroom on th first day of school, thir rputation for intgrity and ha work should prcd thm. Now, what I hav not touchd on is blssing. I do not know how corporations ar tratd in trnity; howvr, I think that, in som way, thy will b rcognizd. Now, w will not b marrid in havn, which indicats that thr will not b familis in havn, pr s, but somhow, in som way, I bliv that our corporat tstimony will b rcognizd and rwad. Now, what should b clar is, God will blss a marriag and a family in tim whr th spiritual lmnt is in th forfront. This can b quit dramatic. Whn R. B. Thim Jr. bgan taching about blssing by association, I must admit to having som rsrvation about that. Howvr, I hav sn tim aftr tim, my association with my xtndd family an my association with th placs whr I hav workd, of grat blssing which God pours out on ths placs (and, in most cass, H withdraws ths grat blssings whn I lav). This is rasoning from xprinc, which is not th propr way to rason, but if you ar a growing blivr, listning daily to doctrinal taching, you should notic blssings not just to you but to your family, to your plac of worship, and to th plac whr you work. Excptions to this ar going to occur whn God nds to mak som changs in your lif. I did

41 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls not mov to Txas kicking and scratching; but God did what was ncssary to gt m hr. That involvd som prssur. I was nvr without a job, nvr hungry, nvr without rnt mony but it was also clar to m that I ndd to do somthing othr than rmain in my homtown. I hav digrssd hr, but my point is, whn th corporations which w blong to ar spiritually strong, thn God will blss thm, baring in mind that H may want to mov you from point A to point B. Lt m pursu this tangnt, so I don t lav you hanging: whn it coms to divin guidanc, what you nd to do is, stay in fllowship and tak in doctrin. If you do this, thn God will mov your from point A to point B if and whn H finds it ncssary. Thr ar a numbr of corporat witnsss which ar not divin institutions. You may hav a larg or a small businss you nd to oprat that businss thically and fairly, trating your customrs with rspct and intgrity and trating your mploys with rspct and intgrity. I v mntions schools if th principal of a school is a blivr in Jsus Christ, thn h nds to do vrything within his powr to dal with all thos in his systm with intgrity. Hll, you might vn b in a car pool with 2 othr blivrs, and thr is no rason why this cannot hav som spiritual dimnsion to it. Now, this dos not man that you must b ngagd in prayr or Bibl study for th ntir rid into town, but thr should b som spiritual dimnsion, if all thos who ar a part of this corporation ar agrabl. Th final divin institution is that of your country. Hr, you do hav limitd impact, but you do hav impact. Th mmbrs of your church should hold up your country s ladrs in prayr. Whn you vot, and you should vot, this rsponsibility should b takn on with prayr and ducation. Now, on th othr hand, rcogniz that you cannot solv world problms with political machinations. Evryon has an old sin natur; vryon in your church and vryon in your country. So, you cannot fix all th problms in th world by lcting just th right candidat. Som blivrs ar going to b movd to campaign for this or that candidat, and thr is nothing in Scriptur which forbids this (as long as you ar growing spiritually); but rcogniz, your candidat has ft of clay, as will vryon whom h appoints to this or that position. Furthr, rcogniz that th lction or this or that candidat is not going to ushr in th Millnnium. Such a thing is not going to occur. Similarly, you may simply b a chrladr for this or that candidat that is fin, as long as you rcogniz, it is not th nd of th world if h loss th lction nor dos his bing lctd going to insur that vrything is going to b all right in your country. Now, bar in mind, you liv in a country with millions of othr popl. Som of ths popl simply want a handout, and thy will justify it in anyway that thy can. In this upcoming lction, w hav on party offring to giv lowr class and middl class th world or, fr halth car at th vry last. If a majority of th popl vot for such a program, thn thy dsrv what thy gt. Back to th topics at hand: w hav individual rsponsibilitis in this lif and w hav corporat rsponsibilitis; this vrs of Psalm 105 spaks to both sts of rsponsibilitis. H [is] Y howah our Elohim, in all th arth, His judgmnts. Psalm 105:7 H [is] Y howah our Elohim [and] His judgmnts [ar manifst] in all th arth. H is Jhovah our God and His judgmnts and dcrs ar mad manifst in all th arth. Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: Masortic Txt Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: H [is] Y howah our Elohim, in all th arth, His judgmnts. H [is] th Lo our God; his judgmnts [ar] in all th arth. Non.

42 Psalm Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Good Nws Bibl (TEV) Th Mssag Nw Amrican Bibl Nw Jrusalm Bibl Nw Living Tstamnt Th LORD is our God, bringing justic vrywhr on arth. Th LORD is our God; his commands ar for all th world. H's GOD, our God, in charg of th whol arth. Th LORD is our God, who ruls th whol arth. H is Yahwh our God, Is judgmnts touch th whol world. H is th LORD our God; His rul is sn throughout th land. Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Bibl in Basic English Easy English (Churchya) God s Wo HCSB H is th Lo our God: h is judg of all th arth. H, th LORD, is our God. What h says is to vryon (that livs) on th arth. H is th LORD our God. His judgmnts ar pronouncd throughout th arth. H is th LORD our God; His judgmnts govrn th whol arth. Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: English Standa Vrsion A Voic in th Wildrnss Young's Litral Translation H is th LORD our God; his judgmnts ar in all th arth. H is Jhovah our God; His justic is in all th arth. H is Jhovah our God, In all th arth ar His judgmnts. What is th gist of this vrs? This sms to b a concluding vrs, giving rason for th 10 imprativs which hav bn laid down: Jhovah is God, and His justic and judgmnts ar in all th land. Psalm 105:7a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs hûw ( ) [pronouncd hoo] h, it; himslf as a dmonstrativ pronoun: that, this 3 prson masculin singular, prsonal pronoun Strong s #1931 BDB #214 This pronoun can b usd in th mphatic sns. YHWH ( ) [pronunciation is possibly yhoh-wah] translitratd variously as Jhovah, Yahwh, Y howah propr noun Strong s #3068 BDB #217 lôhîym ( ) [pronouncd l-o-heem] gods, forign gods, god; God; rulrs, judgs; suprhuman ons, angls; translitratd Elohim masculin plural noun st with th 1 prson plural suffix Strong's #430 BDB #43 Translation: H [is] Y howah our Elohim,... Th psalmist maks it clar that w ar spaking of Jhovah, th God of Isral. Nowhr in Scriptur ar w givn ovr to worshiping just any God, or to th ida that w all worship th sam God, but that thr is and always has bn On God that w worship.

43 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls W hav a numbr of popl who bliv that all rligions worship th sam God; howvr, this concpt is nvr th approach of Scriptur. Both th Old and Nw Tstamnts spak of a vry spcific God, Who has spcific charactristics and Who has don spcific acts; a God Who is diffrnt from all th othr gods. Th Exclusivity of th God of th Jws Scriptur Gn. 17:7 9 Ex. 20:2 7 Dut. 6:4 5 Dut. 26:17 19 Joshua 24:16 20 Psalm 16:4a Psalm 95:3 7a Psalm 100:3 Incidnt I will stablish my covnant btwn M and you and your sd aftr you throughout thir gnrations for an vrlasting covnant, to b a God to you and to your sd aftr you. I will giv to you, and to your sd aftr you, th land whr you ar travling, all th land of Canaan, for an vrlasting possssion. I will b thir God." God said to Abraham, "As for you, you will kp my covnant, you and your sd aftr you throughout thir gnrations. "I am Yahwh your God, Who brought you out of th land of Egypt, out of th hous of bondag. You shall hav no othr gods bfor M. You shall not mak for yourslvs an idol, nor any imag of anything that is in th havns abov, or that is in th arth bnath, or that is in th watr undr th arth: you shall not bow yourslf down to thm, nor srv thm, for I, Yahwh your God, am a jalous God, visiting th iniquity of th fathrs on th childrn, on th thi and on th fourth gnration of thos who hat m, and showing loving kindnss to thousands of thos who lov m and kp my commandmnts. You shall not tak th nam of Yahwh your God in vain, for Yahwh will not hold him guiltlss who taks his nam in vain. Har, Isral: Yahwh is our God; Yahwh is on: and you shall lov Yahwh your God with all your hart, and with all your soul, and with all your might. You hav dcla Yahwh this day to b your God, and that you would walk in His ways, and kp His statuts, and His commandmnts, and His oinancs, and listn to His voic: and Yahwh has dcla you this day to b a popl for His own possssion, as H has promisd you, and that you should kp all His commandmnts; and to mak you high abov all nations that H has mad, in prais, and in nam, and in honor; and that you may b a holy popl to Yahwh your God, as H has spokn. And th popl answ and said, Far b it from us to forsak Jhovah to srv othr gods. For Jhovah our God is H who brought us and our fathrs up out of th land of Egypt, from th hous of bondag. And H did thos grat wondrs in our sight, and kpt us in all our way in which w wnt and among all th popl through whom w passd. And Jhovah drov out from bfor us all th popl, vn th Amorits who livd in th land. W will also srv Jhovah, for H is our God. And Joshua said to th popl, You cannot srv Jhovah, for H is a holy God. H is a jalous God. H will not forgiv your transgrssions nor your sins. If you forsak Jhovah and srv strang gods, thn H will turn and do you harm, and dstroy you aftr H has don you good. Thir sorrows shall b multiplid who giv gifts to anothr god. For Jhovah is a grat God, and a grat King abov all gods. In His hand ar th dp placs of th arth; th strngth of th hills is also His. Th sa is His, and H mad it, and His hands formd th dry land. Oh com, lt us worship and bow down; lt us knl bfor Jhovah our makr. For H is our God, and w ar th popl of His pastur, and th shp of His hand. Know that Jhovah, H is God. H has mad us, and not w ourslvs; w ar His popl, and th shp of His pastur.

44 Psalm Th Exclusivity of th God of th Jws Scriptur Isa. 43:10 12 John 14:6 Acts 4:12 1Tim. 2:5 6 Incidnt You ar my witnsss, says Yahwh, and My srvant whom I hav chosn; that you may know and bliv M, and undrstand that I am H: bfor M thr was no God formd, nithr shall thr b aftr M. I, I am Jhovah; and thr is non to sav bsids M. I hav dcla, and hav savd, and I hav shown, whn thr was no strang god among you; thrfor you ar My witnsss, says Jhovah, that I am God. Jsus said to him, I am th Way, th Truth, and th Lif; no on coms to th Fathr but by M. And thr is salvation in no othr On; for thr is no othr nam undr Havn givn among mn by which w must b savd. For thr is on God and thr is on Mdiator of God and of mn, th Man Christ Jsus, who gav Himslf a ransom for all, to b tstifid in du tim. Mn oftn charg th Bibl as bing filld with contradictions and bing simply th product of mn. On of th common sntimnts of today is, all rligions ar th sam; w all worship th sam God, but in a diffrnt way. On would think that, in a priod of yars (th tim priod ovr which th Bibl was writtn), that at last on human author of Scriptur would hav xprssd this sntimnt, if this wr simply a book writtn by mn and thir thoughts about God. Howvr, as you hav obsrvd in th vrss abov, thr is only On God and on Mdiator btwn God and man th man Christ Jsus. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Psalm 105:7b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs h b ( ) [pronouncd b ] in, into, through; at, by, nar, on, upon; with, bfor, against; by mans of; among; within a prposition of proximity No Strong s # BDB #88 kôl ( ) [pronouncd kohl] th whol, all of, th ntirty of, all; can also b rnd any of masculin singular construct followd by a dfinit articl Strong s #3605 BDB #481 rts ( ) [pronouncd EH-rts] arth (all or a portion throf), land, trritory, country, continnt; ground, soil; undr th ground [Shol] fminin singular noun with th dfinit articl Strong's #776 BDB #75 mîsh pâ ( ) [pronouncd mish - PAWT] judgmnt, justic, a vict rnd by a judg, a judicial dcision, a judicial sntnc, a vict, th judgmnt of th court; th act of dciding a cas, th plac whr a judgmnt is rnd masculin plural noun with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong's #4941 BDB #1048

45 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Translation:...in all th arth, His judgmnts. W hav no vrbs in this vrs. Whn w lack vrbs, that indicats that thr is grat mphasis upon what is bing said. Th prsonal pronoun hr rarly taks a vrb, and is usd hr in an mphatic sns, incrasing th mphatic natur of this vrs. This scond phras is st up as a paralll lin, and, sinc it lacks a vrb, it is mphatic as wll. Evn though thos to whom this psalm is addrssd ar Isralits, thir God is th God of this arth whos dcisions and judgmnts affct th ntir arth. Th wo for arth can also man land; howvr, th modifying all of indicats taking in a widr pic of ground. With my soul I hav sought you in th night. Ys, by my spirit within m, I will sk You arly. For whn Your just dcisions ar in th arth, th inhabitants of th world will larn rightousnss (Isa. 26:9). Gill commnts hr: This statmnt, His judgmnts ar all th arth; dos not rfr to His laws and statuts, His wo and oinancs, or th rvlation of His mind and will as faith and worship, which things ar somtims mant by his judgmnts. Howvr, ths things wr not in all th arth, but wr only known to th popl of th Jws at this tim (Psalm 147:19). This vrs rfrs, rathr, to His judgmnts on th Egyptians, or to His plagus upon thm for rfusing to lt Isral go, th fam of which was sprad throughout th world. Furthrmor, w may undrstand this phras to tak in all th judgmnts of God in othr parts of th world, such as on Sodom and Gomorrah, or th univrsal dlug, which dstroyd th world of th ungodly; by such judgmnts th Lo is known (Psalm 9:16) and for ths H is to b praisd; as thy ar xprssiv of His holinss and justic; as H will b for His judgmnts on antichrist, whn thy ar mad manifst (Rv. 15:4). This may also rspct in gnral God's govrnmnt of th world, and his rightous judging in it; Who is a God that judgth in th arth, and govrns it by His powr and wisdom, and in rightousnss; and this rightous Judg is our God. 24 Lt m add that God also placs His judgmnts and His rightousnss in th harts of man. This many tims causs popl to bhav in odd and contradictory ways. For instanc, strong athists will absolutly dny Jsus Christ or God of any sort, and yt xtol thir own morality. Now, just how maningful is your own morality if you ar simply th product of random molculs coming togthr and volving from dirt and watr in a pond struck by lightning to man? All that should mattr to us, as Darwinian products of a random univrs is, procration and th protction of our own young to propagat th spcis. This, howvr, dos not xplain abortion or why athists bliv, for th most part, that abortions ar not immoral. If w ar random vnts in a random univrs, with only a Darwinian volvd bing, which dsirs to propagat our own, thn why would w kill our own childrn and why would w approv of this? An athist will xplain altruistic bhavior (.g., a soldir dying for his buddis) as simply an xtnsion of th prsrvation of th spcis. Howvr, a soldir is thr in th first plac at war with a whol othr popl. So if altruism xplains why on soldir will di for anothr and for his country, it dos not xplain why w would b willing to go to war in th first plac. Furthrmor, w cannot say it is bcaus w ar mor gntically wll-disposd to thos of our own country, having a closr gn pool, bcaus w hav a vry divrs gn pool in th Unitd Stats. On of th problms which mn fac in thir daily livs thos who hav rjctd Jsus Christ or hav not vn both to tak th tim to considr who Jsus Christ is, thy hav God s rightousnss writtn in thir harts and this is in conflict with thir sin natur. Blivrs and unblivrs alik hav intrnal battls ovr what to do at various tims. Som popl lov to pondr this or that moral dilmma; and I rcall in school discussing various scnarios and trying to dtrmin what is right or wrong. All blivrs and unblivrs hav this intrnal struggl, and no mattr how dgnrat an unblivr might b, h is going to hav som sns of slf-rightousnss. For instanc, in jails, mn who hav mu or who hav dstroyd this livs of thousands of othrs by slling drugs to thm, will still considr thmslvs morally suprior to child molstrs. In a random univrs, this maks littl sns. Th athist may say, th child molstrs ar dstroying th spcis, so vryon is going to b against that; but murrs and drug dalrs dstroy th spcis. 24 Dr. John Gill, John Gill s Exposition of th Entir Bibl; from -Swo, Psalm 105:7 (ditd).

46 Psalm Lt m go off on anothr tangnt. Popl oftn try to gt this on principl and xplain vrything by it. Darwinian volutionists will tak any bhavior, any st of bons found burid in th ground, or any st of vnts, and attmpt to xplain it all in trms of volution. It is a box thy cannot sm to s outsid of. Onc and awhil, whn I fl argumntativ, I may go to an volution discussion group, and throw out somthing lik th population curv and how man conforms quit wll to a human population curv if w bliv that God cratd man ,000 yars ago, but that volutionary thory dfis this rlativly orly curv by strtching man s tim on this arth far longr than th normal human birth cycl would suggst (I go into gratr dtail on this in my wbsit whr I discuss volution). Thir solution to this is anothr st of thoris about man. In thir hart of harts, bcaus thy ar opposd to God (and I raliz that som of thm ar not athists), thy bliv that anothr thory mad up to support th thory thy bliv is a lgitimat argumnt. W hav som popl today calld 9/11 Truthrs who s our prsnt historical vnts going down as a part of som grat conspiracy by Bush and our govrnmnt. Thy will show up to vnt aftr vnt (oftn to libral spakrs) and scram out thir talking points. No mattr what you say or no mattr how you try to rason with thm, 9/11 was som grat, grandios plot prptratd by Gorg Bush and/or th Bush govrnmnt, and, thy lvld on of th buildings in th Twin Towr ar (I think it was towr 7?) with xplosivs. Now, nvr mind that this sillinss has bn dalt with scintifically, and it has bn shown that thir thoris ar nonsnsical; and nvr mind that stting up a building with xplosivs rquirs a grat dal of tim to do, and is not somthing which can b don surrptitiously; thy ar convincd that all this was don so that Gorg Bush could justify our going to Iraq so that w could tak thir oil (and, it dos not mattr that th US, to this dat, has not rcivd a drop of Iraqi oil yt). Thir minds ar blindd to logic and rason. Global warming is anothr on of ths all-ncompassing xplanations for natural disastrs. W ar still having firs in southrn California and, within a day or so of ths firs bginning, popl wr blaming global warming 25 for this disastr. Hurrican Katrina? Blam it on global warming (and th sam global warming dvots warnd us of horrndous hurricans to continu to com, and thy hav bn far, far off on thir stimations for 2006 and 2007). Thr ar thos today who hat Prsidnt Bush and vrything which h dos is consid foolish and/or vil. 26 Som hav dubbd this Bush hat syndrom or Bush drangmnt syndrom. Now, obviously, thos who fl this way ar going to b thos on th lft, so vn though th top 3 candidats for th Dmocrats will not guarant that w will lav Iraq vn by th nd of thir first trm in offic, this is not a srious problm to thir supportrs, vn though thir supportrs may, simultanously, call for th immdiat withdrawal of our troops from Iraq and blam Bush for all of it. Hollywood actors bmoan th loss of our civil librtis, lik fr spch, blaming Gorg Bush, and mak ths complaints know on national tlvision programs. Ths sam popl, bcaus thy hat Bush and lov Bill Clinton, think that Bush is somhow dstroying all of thir civil librtis, yt thy sm to b unfazd whn Clinton got involvd in Th Road to 9/11, and mad svral attmpts to hav its airing stoppd, and did hav an ffct on th final cut of this movi. Furthrmor, it appars as though h has succssfully blockd th rlas of this film on DVD as wll. Howvr, thos suffring from thir irrational hat of Bush think that somhow, Gorg Bush is limiting thir foms, and that thy nd to hav a Dmocrat back in th Oval offic to rstor all of ths foms, simultanous to Prsidnt Clinton bing involvd in th cnsuring of Th Road to 9/11. What I am saying is, whn you rjct th truth of Jsus Christ; whn you rjct Bibl doctrin; thn your soul rquirs som unifying principl to pull vrything togthr. It is an inhrnt nd. Whn w rjct truth, our souls must rplac it with somthing ls, no mattr how irrational. For random bings in a random univrs, this maks vry littl sns. Howvr, ths things hav thir sourc in God s judgmnts on this arth, which find thir way vn into our own souls; and th function of th sin natur, which is in rbllion against truth and rightousnss. 25 Of cours som blamd this on Prsidnt Bush s forign policy. Thr ar also thos out thr who blam vrything which gos wrong on Bush. 26 I know individuals prsonally who appar to b suffring from this disor. It is vry similar to thos who had such a vicious hat for Prsidnt Richa Nixon around th tim of Watrgat. I prsonally was quit apolitical at th tim, and, although I could undrstand, to som xtnt, th moral outrag of th dirty tricks; th hat which I ha xprssd just smd to b ovr th top.

47 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls R. B. THim Jr. calld this th vacuum of th soul whn you rjct th truth, your soul sucks in fals doctrin and fals concpts, and this vntually forms a calcification of th soul, or scar tissu of th soul. 27 Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins God s judgmnts ar said to b in all th arth; His judicial victs. In othr wos, His prfct rightousnss will b applid and His prfct justic will rndr just dcisions throughout th arth. Thr ar tims in fact, innumrabl tims whn God judgs and applis His judgmnt to individuals and nations; and thr ar tims whn H appars to lt things go. God s Judgmnts in th Earth 1. God is God ovr blivrs. God is th Fathr of thos who bliv in Jsus Christ. God is not th Fathr of thos who choos not to bliv in Jsus Christ. 2. For this rason, God dos not disciplin thos who ar not His childrn. 3. God dos disciplin His childrn, which mans us. 4. So, what about unblivrs? What dos God do about thm? 5. God puts som prssur on som unblivrs in or to gt thm to bliv in Him. Whn I blivd in Jsus Christ, I rcall bing trribly unhappy and in what I blivd to b dsprat straits. It was simply God s prssur applid to m to gt m to stop what I was doing and to considr th gospl of Jsus Christ. Many popl com to bliv in Jsus Christ aftr bing put undr a littl prssur. This is not disciplin nor is it ncssarily God s justic (although it could b); it is th loving hand of God. a. In th prvious point, I said that God prssu m to gt m to stop what I was doing. I don t man that I was involvd in gross immorality and sin and that H was looking to stop m from that (although I was), but that H simply got to m stop my lif s activitis and worris long nough to considr Who and What Jsus Christ is. b. Many popl ar so involvd in thir own livs, in sin, in altruism, in thir family, that it is difficult for thm to simply tak th tim to considr Jsus Christ. For th bulk of my lif, both as an unblivr or a blivr, I hav bn busy. Howvr, God brought m to a point to whr I had to stop and think about th good nws of Jsus Christ. 6. Som unblivrs cross a blivr. Som unblivrs actually intntionally sk to do wrong to a blivr. God, on occasion, dals with ths unblivrs. Now, bar in mind, vry prson who rfuss to bliv in Jsus Christ will spnd trnity in th Lak of Fir, so nothing on this arth can compar to that in trms of human suffring. Howvr, whn an unblivr dos wrong to a blivr, God oftn dals with that situation and with that unblivr. 7. Of cours, whn any blivr dos wrong, God dals with that blivr in tim. H may simply allow natural consquncs to com to pass and H may prsonally disciplin us. 8. Whn w sin and thn nam our sin, God s judicial vict is to forgiv us that sin and to clans us from all unrightousnss, thus rstoring tmporal fllowship. No doubt, this occurs a million tims a day throughout th arth. W can dpnd upon ultimat justic, and whn w ar fac to fac with God in trnity, w will b satisfid with th way that God handld vrything, and w will undrstand His prfct application of His prfct intgrity to all things in th arth. 27 Th link givn is which appars to b a lgitimat and accurat prsntation of this matrial. With rgas to th rst of th sit, I hav not rally don a thorough xamination of it. Th information on salvation sms sound, but I don t quit gt th suprimposition of th tribs of Isral ovr th Unitd Stats.

48 Psalm It is clar that thr ar som things which w tak with us and many things which w lav bhind. W may accumulat mor toys than anyon ls w know bfor w di, but ths toys rmain hr on this arth. I am prsonally blssd with a grat many matrial things. Whn I di, thy stay hr and I go. Howvr, what sms to b th cas is, th doctrin in our souls will go with us. Our spiritual undrstanding sms to hav som part to play in th nxt lif, although it is not compltly clar as to what that is. My ducatd guss is, that, somhow, our spiritual undrstanding is going to put us ahad of th curv in som way. That is, w may njoy a gratr and dpr apprciation of God and His charactr in trnity than somon who simply blivd in Jsus Christ and thn wnt his own way aftr salvation. Th only thing that I can com up with to illustrat this is: lt s say thr is this bautiful woman with a wondrful soul. Now, two mn may potntally marry this woman. Th first man might apprciat hr bauty, but littl ls. Th othr man not only apprciats th bauty of this woman, but h undrstands and lovs th soul of this woman. That scond man is going to hav a much gratr rlationship with this woman. Mayb, in som way, this illustrats th diffrnc btwn blivrs in God s prsnc with and without doctrin. Both will hav an abiding apprciation for God; but on will hav a dpr apprciation for God. In any cas, no mattr what, th blivr with doctrin is going to hav an asir tim undrstanding God and His function on this arth. This maks our livs on this arth much mor maningful. W hav purpos and dfinition, and w hav a grasp of what God is doing and why H is doing it. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins God s Covnant with Isral H rmmb to forvr His covnant; a wo H mandatd to a thousand of gnration. Psalm 105:8 H rmmbrs His covnant forvr; H mandats [His] wo for a thousand gnrations. Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: H will rmmbr His covnant promiss forvr; His commands stand for a thousand gnrations. Masortic Txt Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: H rmmb to forvr His covnant; a wo H mandatd to a thousand of gnration. H has rmmb his covnant for vr, th wo which h commandd for a thousand gnration,... Non Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Good Nws Bibl (TEV) Th Mssag Nw Amrican Bibl Nw Jrusalm Bibl Nw Living Tstamnt H will nvr forgt his agrmnt or his promiss, not in thousands of yars. H will kp his covnant forvr, his promiss for a thousand gnrations. And h rmmbrs, rmmbrs his Covnant-- for a thousand gnrations h's bn as good as his wo. H rmmbrs forvr his covnant, th pact imposd for a thousand gnrations. H rmmbrs his covnant for vr, th promis h laid down for a thousand gnrations,... H always stands by his covnant

49 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Rvisd English Bibl th commitmnt h mad to a thousand gnrations. H is vr mindful of his covnant, th promis h oaind for a thousand gnrations. Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Bibl in Basic English Easy English (Churchya) HCSB JPS (Tanakh) NET Bibl H has kpt his agrmnt in mind for vr, th wo which h gav for a thousand gnrations;... H will always rmmbr his covnant. H will nvr, nvr forgt his promiss. H forvr rmmbrs His covnant, th promis H oaind for a thousand gnrations... H is vr mindful of His covnant, th promis H gav for a thousand gnrations. H always rmmbrs his covnantal dcr, th promis h mad [Hb [th] wo h commandd. Th txt rfrs hr to God s unconditional covnantal promis to Abraham and th patriarchs, as vv mak clar] to a thousand gnrations... Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: Th Amplifid Bibl LTHB Young s Updatd LT H is [arnstly] mindful of His covnant, and for vr [it is imprintd on His hart], th wo which H commandd and stablishd to a thousand gnrations;... H has rmmb His covnant forvr; th Wo H commandd to a thousand gnrations... H has rmmb to th ag His covnant, Th wo H commandd to a thousand gnrations;... What is th gist of this vrs? God maks promiss and H rmmbrs ths promiss forvr. Psalm 105:8a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs zâkar ( ) [pronouncd zaw-kahr] to rmmbr, to rcall, to call to mind 3 prson masculin singular, Qal prfct Strong s #2142 BDB #269 lâmd ( ) (pronouncd l ) to, for, towas, in rgas to, with rfrnc to, as to, with rgas to, blonging to dirctional/rlational prposition No Strong s # BDB #510 ôwlâm ( ) [pronouncd o-lawm] long duration, forvr, prptuity, antiquity, futurity masculin singular noun Strong s #5769 BDB #761 Togthr, ths wos man to trnity to prptuity; with rgas to prptuity to antiquity. It is possibl that th ida hr is that this mans to trnity, with rgas to antiquity; to trnity futur to trnity past; for th futur with rfrnc to th distant past. b rîyth (. ) [pronouncd b rth] covnant, pact, allianc, traty, allianc fminin singular noun with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong s #1285 BDB #136 Translation: H rmmbrs His covnant forvr;... God dos not hav to sarch His mmory banks for a spcific bit of information; H maintains knowldg of all things at all tims. God comprhnds all things from all

50 Psalm tim priods all at onc. Th trm mmory hr is an anthropopathism, ascribing a human function mmory to God. God actually has no nd to rmmbr anything, as H carris in His mind not only all vnts and thoughts and motions of history, but all altrnativ vnts, thoughts and motions. God knows th nd from th bginning, so whn H mad a covnant with Isral, this was a covnant which was mad with th knowldg of all that Isral would do. Isral did not tak God to th braking point, whr God suddnly, in absolut frustration, said, Dammit, you damn Jws! I simply cannot put up with your ngativ volition anymor. Forgt this covnant I mad to you; I m giving it to ths nic Gntils ovr hr, and thy ar going to b your spiritual ancstors and th covnant will go to thm. W may think lik that and act accoingly. W may hav a child on drugs whom w hav promisd to lov forvr; but, that child may tak us to th point of compltly disowning him. God dos not do that; H cannot mak a promis and thn just tak it back in frustration. This implis that God is not omniscint. Th psalmist has askd th listnr to rmmbr all of th incibl fats which God has don and rminds th listnr hr that God rmmbrs th contract which H mad with Isral which stands for a thousand gnrations. In covnant thology, God has all but abandond Isral, making th land of Isral at bst a final battlground for Armagddon. Howvr, God dos not rng on His promiss or on His contracts. A thousand gnrations is not a limiting tim priod, but on which is potic for all th history of man. To show mrcy towa our fathrs and to rmmbr His holy covnant th oath which H swor to Abraham our fathr. (Luk 1:72 73). Know thrfor that Y howah your God, H is God, th faithful God, who kps His covnant and His grac to a thousands gnrations with thos who lov Him and kp His commandmnts; but H rpays thos who hat Him to his fac H will dstroy thm. H will not dlay him who hats Him; H will rpay him to his fac. (Dut. 7:9 10). Nvrthlss, I will rmmbr My covnant with you in th days of your youth, and I will stablish an vrlasting covnant with you. Thn you will rmmbr your ways and b ashamd. (Ezk. 16:60 61a; s also Psalm 106:5 111:5). For th Isralit who is xposd to covnant thology, a promis lik this must sm prtty thin. God mad crtain promiss to Isral; H mad a contract with Jacob. God has nvr forgottn that contract. His charactr would not allow Him to chang all of th trms of th contract. You cannot xgt th Old Tstamnt and think that th church is simply a spiritualizd Isral and that all of th promiss mad to Isral now fall into th lap of th church in som sort of a spiritual fulfillmnt. God rmmbrs His covnant that H mad with Isral and His Wo stands throughout all trnity. W can tak God at His Wo just as Isral can tak God at His Wo. Psalm 105:8b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs dâbâr ( ) b [pronouncd daw - VAWR] wo, saying, doctrin, thing, mattr, command masculin singular noun Strong's #1697 BDB #182 tsâvâh ( ) [pronouncd tsaw-vaw] to commission, to mandat, to lay charg upon, to giv charg to, charg, command, or 3 prson masculin singular, Pil prfct Strong's #6680 BDB #845 lâmd ( ) (pronouncd l ) to, for, towas, in rgas to, with rfrnc to, as to, with rgas to, blonging to dirctional/rlational prposition No Strong s # BDB #510 lph ( ) pronouncd EH-lf] thousand, family, (500?); military unit masculin singular construct Strong s #505 (and #504) BDB #48 dôwr ( ) [pronouncd dohr] gnration; rac; popl; ag, priod, tim priod [of a gnration], a tim slic masculin singular noun Strong s #1755 BDB #189

51 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Translation:...H mandats [His] wo for a thousand gnrations. Th ida hr is, H mandats His Wo or His doctrins forvr. A thousand gnrations is simply a potic statmnt to indicat forvr. God did not mak promiss to Abraham, but, thn, aftr 1000 gnrations, dcid to tak thm all back this is not how God oprats. That which H commands rmains forvr and vr. What is going to b in viw hr ar His promiss to Isral, which will ncompass His promiss to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. Lt us just assum that, for th sak of argumnt, that God is hr bing litral, rathr than figurativ (litral would man that His mandats will stand for a thousand gnrations; figurativly, that mans forvr). So, vn if w tak this litrally, w ar spaking of 30,000 40,000 yars. That in itslf tlls us that God s promiss to Isral ar still in ffct. Covnant thology blivs that all of th promiss which wr mad to Abraham wr transfr to his spiritual sd, which thy s as th church. That is, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob undrstood th promiss in on way, but God mant thm in a diffrnt way, and mant for thm to b passd along to thir spiritual sd, which thy s as th church. This introducs svral problms. Now, I should say up front that I am not an xprt in covnant thology; I hav not spnt countlss hours studying this particular ara of thology. I hav th gist of covnant thology in my mind, so I may gt a fw dtails wrong. Th Problms with Covnant Thology 1. Covnant thology blivs that God s clar and spcific promiss appar to b spiritualizd as to thir contnt and to whom th promiss ar mad. 2. God mad spcific promiss to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob about a spcific pic of ral stat that God would giv thm (a pic of ral stat that God has not compltly givn to Isral, vn whn thy wr at thir pak). 3. Covnant thology maintains that: 1) Isral was so unfaithful that God could not stand it any mor. 2) Whn Isral crucifid Jsus Christ, and thn did not com to Him aftr, this was simply too much for God, and God changs His promiss to thm and transfr ths promiss to th church, which thy viw as spiritual Isral. 3) I am not sur that anyon in th church, vn undr covnant thology, xpcts to prsonally hav a stak in th physical trritory of Isral. So, I bliv that w somhow, in covnant thology, rtain th gist of what was promisd to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, although I am not compltly clar as to what that gist is. 4) Now, dspit th fact that many Jws did bliv in Jsus Christ, apparntly Isral was so corrupt that God just could not stand it anymor, and dcidd that ths promiss would no longr apply to a particular blood lin. 4. Thr ar a numbr of gnral problms with covnant thology. 1) God s vry spcific promiss cannot sm to b takn litrally. 2) Thos to whom God maks His promiss may not s thos promiss fulfilld. 3) God s patinc can only ndur so much. Aftr som point in tim, God throws up His hands and says, Scrw thm; I v givn th Jws vrything and thy act lik this. I am through with this popl. Thy suck. 4) With covnant thology, God s promiss, His faithfulnss and His patinc ar all undr attack. His vry charactr is challngd by covnant thology. 5. Covnant thology ignors th many distinctivs btwn Isral and th Church. 1) Th church has a havnly hop; Isral has an arthly hop. 2) God will mt th blivrs in th air at th raptur, but His ft will touch down on th Mount of Olivs to protct th Jws in th Tribulation. 3) Th church did not bgin in Abraham s tnt but on th day of Pntcost around 30 A.D. 6. What covnant thology tris to gt around is dispnsations. Howvr, th problm is this: if th church bgan in Abraham s tnt 4000 yars ago, what about bfor that tim? Thr had to b a diffrnt

52 Psalm Th Problms with Covnant Thology administration (dispnsation) of God s houshold prior to th church in Abraham s tnt. So covnant thology dos not abrogat th concpt of dispnsations, it simply tris to mak fwr of thm. 7. Th ida bhind a dispnsation is, God works during a spcific priod of tim using a diffrnt st of popl, a slightly diffrnt spiritual skill st, with diffrnt mchanics. Evn undr covnant thology, this is th cas whn diffrntiating btwn Isral and th church. God smd to function in th Old Tstamnt diffrntly than h dos in th Nw. Dispnsationalists and Covnant Thologians can mostly agr with this. 1) God smd to work primarily with th nation Isral or with th Jws as pr almost vry Old Tstamnt book. Th xcption would b th first quartr of th book of Gnsis and th book of Job. 2) In our ra, God works through any church, in any country, in any nationality. This dos not appar to b th cas in th Old Tstamnt. 3) God uss crmony and sacrifics in th Old Tstamnt; ths ar no longr usd in th Church Ag. 4) God has givn h Holy Spirit for th Church Ag; th Holy Spirit was not givn to vryon in th Old Tstamnt. 8. Covnant thology dnis God s ssnc. 1) God is omniscint and God is truth. 2) Whn God chos Abraham and whn God mad His promiss to Abraham, God knw vrything that Abraham would do and God knw vrything about Abraham s son, and his son, and all of th Jws for thousands of gnrations. 3) Bcaus God is omniscint, God knw vrything about vry singl Jw bfor H mad any promiss to Abraham; God knw this in trnity past, bfor man was cratd. 4) Why would an all-knowing God stablish a covnant with Abraham and his dscndants if God knw that Abraham s dscndants would, as a whol, rjct Jsus Christ as Savior? 5) Covnant thology ithr trats God as if H did not know what would happn or as if God knw ths things, but still mad th promiss to Abraham, knowing that H would significantly altr ths promiss in th futur. 6) In othr wos, covnant thology is an assault on God s ssnc. 9. Prior to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, God dalt somwhat diffrntly with man. 1) This is a dispnsational diffrnc. God clarly works through Isral through most of th Bibl; howvr, it is clar, in a dozn or so chaptrs of Gnsis and in th book of Job, that God did not dal primarily with th nation Isral, bcaus thr was no nation Isral. 2) Th fact that God dal diffrntly with man bfor Isral indicats that it is possibl that God would dal diffrntly with man aftr Isral. 3) Dispnsations simply affirms that, God dals with diffrnt ntitis throughout history, and that H works through ths diffrnt ntitis in or to achiv His plan. God works through th church univrsal today. That is, God works through th body of blivrs today, dspit th fact that w ar quit imprfct. 4) Dos God work through th Jw today? Ys, h dos through Jws who ar blivrs in Jsus Christ. (1) Any prson who blivs in Jsus Christ today is savd and is placd into Christ, whthr Jw or Gntil thr is no diffrnc. (2) Howvr, th Jw who is savd during this dispnsation is not an hir to th promiss which God mad to Isral, but is an hir to all things by virtu of bing in Christ. (3) A savd Jw today is not a part of corporat Isral, rciving all of th promiss of Abraham at som futur dat, but h is a mmbr of th church univrsal and will rciv th promiss which God maks to blivrs today. (4) God dos not work through th nation Isral any diffrntly than H works through th nation of Franc or England. Thr ar blivrs in Isral, and God works through thm. Thr ar churchs in Isral, and God works through thm. (5) Howvr, b clar in this rga: God dos protct His popl. Th Unitd Stats has

53 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Th Problms with Covnant Thology rcivd grat blssing, unlik that givn to any othr nation vr, and part of th rason for this is our rlationship to th nation Isral. Th nation Isral is filld with Jws som of thm blivrs and som of thm unblivrs. Howvr, from thm (as wll as from Jws all ovr th arth) will com thir flshly dscndants who will, in th Tribulation, bliv in Jsus Christ, and God will work through thm in th Tribulation. (6) If w, as a nation, vr turnd our backs on Isral, you will s th prosprity and th foms of this nation disappar so fast, it will mak your had spin. 5) Dispnsationalists undrstand that man bfor Abraham, was tratd as a whol somwhat diffrntly than man during th tim of th nation Isral, and somwhat diffrntly than man in th Church Ag. (1) Do not think that dispnsationalists bliv that th Jws ar savd by works, but w in th Church Ag ar savd by grac. This is a ridiculous position and a distortion of dispnsationalism. It is clar th Jsus Christ did for all mankind, past, prsnt and futur; and that w rciv trnal lif through bliving in Him. To th Jws, H was Jhovah Elohim, but thy had to trust in th God of th Jws, and not in Molch or Aphrodit. (2) All dispnsationalism mans is, God works somwhat diffrntly through diffrnt ntitis today than H did during th Ag of Isral and somwhat diffrntly than H did prior to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. (3) God usd to work primarily through th nation Isral. God spok to spcific popl in Isral; God had Scriptur rcod through th hand of various Jws; God s laws and oinancs, for th most part, wr dsignd for th nation Isral. (4) This is why thr ar ditary laws, laws about th Sabbaths, and various oinancs and national laws which th church, to som dgr, ignors. W may study ths laws and valuat thm and mak limitd application to ourslvs, but w don t, for instanc, forbid th ating of pork; w don t kp calvs in our backyas so that w can latr sacrific thm to God. W do not gathr at th on Tabrnacl (or, latr, th Tmpl). Jwish mals thr tims a yar wr to gathr at th Tabrnacl (or Tmpl) on spcific holy days. W don t do that. Now, w may go to Church on Christmas and Eastr, but in your city, thr ar prhaps hunds of churchs. If w did things as Isral did, thr would b on hug Tmpl, and w would gathr thr thric a yar...and I don t man 1 Tmpl pr town or 1 Tmpl pr nation, but I man on (1) Tmpl only. Okay? But w don t do that. W ar not undr th law to Isral. (5) W gathr at a varity of churchs, which is much mor lik th Jwish synagogu systm, which, to my knowldg, has no spcific authorization in Scriptur. That dos not man that synagogus wr wrong; Jsus Himslf spok in at last on synagogu. Howvr, thy wr not spcifically laid out as spiritual ntitis in th Old Tstamnt. Howvr, for us, of th Church Ag; thr ar ths spiritual ntitis known as churchs, and God primarily works through th church. This brings up a tangnt: dos God work through othr organizations today, lik mission boas, or wb sits, or campus organizations and I bliv that would hav to b answ in th affirmativ; just as God, I am crtain, workd through synagogus in th Ag of Isral. (6) Howvr, to rturn to th original point: it is clar that God did not work through th nation Isral nor did h hold us to th Law of Moss prior to Abraham. Thrfor, God had to work with a diffrnt ntity in a slightly diffrnt way (H could not work with th nation Isral or with th Law of Moss, bcaus thy did not xist at that tim). (7) If God could work diffrntly with mankind, through diffrnt ntitis, prior to th Ag of Isral; it only stands to rason that M could potntially hav a diffrnt program aftr th dstruction of th nation Isral. 10. Howvr, what w can nvr lt go of is, God s promiss to Isral ar litral and thy will b fulfilld. Th Jws that w s hr and thr, in this or that nation, ar not just throw-away rmnants of a dad and bygon ra; thy ar a tstimony to God s faithfulnss to His Wo. W will nvr s th dstruction of th Jws vr. Satan wants to dstroy th Jws. Satan has about 20 nations in th Middl East undr

54 Psalm Th Problms with Covnant Thology his control, and ths nations want to s th dstruction of nation Isral. If thy could, som would vn prfr to s a hug hol whr Isral is, vn if it mant dstroying som holy rlics of Islam. This is not just a handful of radicals; this is th sntimnt of hug portions of th populations of ths nations. And yt, Isral is thr; Isral is prosprous; and Isral has stood up against som of th gratst odds that w could imagin. Do you think that it is som kind of a wild coincidnc that th gratst ally of Isral just happns to b th only suprpowr on this arth? Do you think our prosprity just sort of happnd? Don t b foolish. God will maintain a contingnt of Jws throughout th world, and thy will continu to liv, dspit th many Satanic attacks against thm. Furthrmor, w, as a nation, will continu to surviv and to prospr, as long as w maintain a clos rlationship with nation Isral. 11. My point in all of this is, vn though covnant thologians try to blur th distinctions btwn th church and Isral, thy still bliv in th distinctions which ar listd abov. Sinc thy bliv in thos distinctions, thy ar, to that xtnt, dispnsationalists. Thy cannot dny th distinctivs that thy thmslvs hold to. Now, do not b confusd hr. God s promiss ar nvr to b applid to unrgnrat Isral. For thos who ar Jws who do not bliv in Jsus Christ, thr ar no promiss from God to thm, othr than th promis that thy will b judgd at th Judgmnt Sat of Christ and that thy will burn forvr in th Lak of Fir. Howvr, rgnrat Isral will b th rcipint of all God s promiss to Abraham; th church will not. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins By th way, God is going to go on and on about His covnant with Isral, which H originally mad with Abraham. Dos this mak sns for God to rpatdly spak about His covnant with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob; spak of its lasting for a 1000 gnrations, and thn for God to throw this covnant out? Dos it mak sns for God to simply chang most of His covnant (or to spiritualiz it), and to latr say, Okay, I changd My mind. Isral is just a lot wors than I xpctd thm to b. Forgt Isral. Forgt th Jws. Thy had thir chanc, but thy pissd M off just onc too oftn. Thy ar just bad popl. I think I am going to work through th Gntils now, but I will lt a coupl of Jws join in. Ths nw Gntils will b th rcipints of My covnant to Isral, and th trms ar going to b changd a littl; this way, it will appar as though I am kping My wo. That is not just wrong, it is blasphmous and, as xplaind abov, dnis God s omniscinc and His vracity. Th altrnativ viw is simpl: God mad spcific promiss to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob; and to His popl th Jws. Ths promiss rflct God s prfct ssnc, including His sovrignty, His vracity and His omniscinc. God has not abrogatd ths promiss; God has not st thm asid for good; and God has not rworkd ths promiss for a diffrnt ntity. W rad about God s covnant to Isral bcaus H intnds to kp this covnant. For God to do anything lss would indicat that God is not God. W rad about God s covnant to Isral bcaus H intnds to kp this covnant. For God to do anything lss would indicat that God is not God....which H had cut [with] Abraham and His solmn oath to Isaac. Psalm 105:9...which [covnant] H mad with Abraham; vn His solmn oath to Isaac. Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts:...which promis H mad to Abraham; vn His solmn oath which H latr mad to Isaac.

55 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Dad Sa Scrolls Masortic Txt Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: a...th covnant that H mad] with [this prposition in 11QPs is diffrnt from th a MT, but th maning is roughly th sam] Abraham, [11QPs lacks th wâw conjunction of th MT] His sworn promis to Isaac,......which H had cut [with] Abraham and His solmn oath to Isaac,......which h stablishd as a covnant to Abraam, and h rmmb his oath to Isaac. Non btwn th Grk and th Hbrw. Thr ar som minor diffrncs btwn th Masortic txt and th Dad Sa Scrolls, which ar notd in th Dad Sa Scrolls. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Good Nws Bibl (TEV) Th Mssag Nw Amrican Bibl God mad an trnal promis... H will kp th agrmnt h mad with Abraham and his promis to Isaac... It's th Covnant h mad with Abraham, th sam oath h swor to Isaac... Which was mad with Abraham, confirmd by oath to Isaac,... Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Bibl in Basic English Easy English (Churchya) God s Wo HCSB JPS (Tanakh) Th agrmnt which h mad with Abraham, and his oath to Isaac;... (H will rmmbr) th covnant that h mad with Abraham and th spcial promiss that h mad to Isaac....th promis that h mad to Abraham, and his sworn oath to Isaac....th covnant H mad with Abraham, swor to Isaac,... H is vr mindful of His covnant, th promis H gav tor a thousand gnrations, that H mad with Abraham, swor to Isaac. I includd v. 8 hr, in or to rval th ntir contxt. Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: LTHB NRSV Young's Updatd LT...which H cut with Abraham, and His oath to Isaac;......th covnant that h mad with Abraham, his sworn promis to Isaac,......That H mad with Abraham, And His oath to Isaac,... What is th gist of this vrs? Vv should not hav bn sparatd. In ths vrss, w hav a promis from God, a covnant, mad to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, and this covnant would stand forvr. Psalm 105:9a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs shr ( ) [pronouncd ash-er] that, which, whn, who, whom rlativ pronoun Strong's #834 BDB #81 kârath ( ) [pronouncd kaw- RAHTH] to cut off, to cut down; to kill, to dstroy; to mak a covnant 3 prson masculin singular, Qal prfct Strong's #3772 BDB #503

56 Psalm Psalm 105:9a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs êth ( ) [pronouncd ayth] gnrally untranslatd; occasionally to, towa indicats that th following substantiv is a dirct objct Strong's #853 BDB #84 Ab râhâm ( - ) v [pronouncd ahb -raw- HAWM] fathr of a multitud, chif of a multitud; translitratd Abraham masculin singular propr noun Strong s #85 BDB #4 Translation:...which [covnant] H mad with Abraham;... Hr w rfr back to th prvious vrs which a covnant which God mad, that H is always mindful of; and a promis, which God has givn for a 1000 gnrations. This promis and this covnant, God mad with Abraham. Furthr down, w will xamin th contnt of this promis in gratr dtail. Psalm 105:9b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs w (or v ) ( ) [pronouncd wh] and, vn, thn; namly; whn; sinc, that; though simpl wâw conjunction No Strong s # BDB #251 shbû âh ( ) b- [pronouncd sh voo- AH] a solmn oath, a curs fminin singular noun with th 3 prson masculin singular suffix Strong's #7621 BDB #989 lâmd ( ) (pronouncd l ) to, for, towas, in rgas to, with rfrnc to, as to, with rgas to, blonging to dirctional/rlational prposition No Strong s # BDB #510 Yis châq (. ) [pronouncd yihs - HAWK] h laughs; laughing; translitratd Isaac masculin singular propr noun Strong s #3327 & #3446 BDB #850 This is also splld Yits châq (. ) [pronouncd yihys -HAWK]. Whn you har about manuscript discrpancis in th Old Tstamnt, many of thm simply involv altrnat spllings. Translation:...vn His solmn oath to Isaac. Ths fw vrss should not hav bn sparatd. In this vrs, God is said to hav mad spcific promiss to Abraham and to his son Isaac. Now whn Abram was ninty-nin yars old, Y howah appa to Abram and said to him, I am Almighty God. Walk bfor M and b complt, and I will giv My contract btwn M and you; and I will multiply you xcdingly. And Abram fll on his fac, and God spok to him, saying, As for M, obsrv: My contract is with you and you will bcom th fathr of a multitud of nations...and I will stablish My contract btwn M and you and your dscndants aftr you throughout thir gnrations for an vrlasting contract, to b God to you and to your dscndants aftr you. And I will giv to you and to your dscndants aftr you, th land of your tmporary rsidnc, all th land of Canaan, for an trnal possssion; and I will b thir God. (Gn. 17:1 5, 7 8). And Y howah appa to Isaac...and said, I am th God of your fathr Abraham; do not far, for I am with you. I will blss you and I will multiply your dscndants, for th sak of My srvant Abraham. (Gn. 26:24). This covnant which was mad by God with Abraham, and thn confirmd to Isaac, was not basd upon th Law. Th Law did not xist at th tim that God mad this contract with Abraham. What I am saying is this: th Law, which cam four hund and thirty yars latr, dos not invalidat a contract prviously ratifid by God, so as to nullify th promis. For if th inhritanc

57 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls is basd on law, it is no longr basd on a promis; but God has grantd it to Abraham by mans of a promis (Gal. 3:17 18). Not that ths wos of Paul fly in th fac of covnant thology; God mad His promis to Abraham prior to th Law, and that th Law did not chang or mitigat God s promis. Thr is anothr thing which I want to mntion now. Thr ar lying spirits out thr who tll you that thy hav bn to havn, oftn svral tims, that thy spak to God. Som ar sitting on th sofa watching Lavrn and Shirly and God spaks to thm. Ths ar charlatans or thy ar spaking with dmonic apparitions or thy ar having rligious dlusions. In any cas, ths mn ar not spaking to God nor is God spaking to thm. Bcaus thir adhrnts do not comprhnd th Old Tstamnt which thy claim to rad and study, thy think that vry fiv minuts God appa to somon and startd talking. It is incorrct to viw th patriarchs as, Abraham drov around in a rang rovr ovr th land with God riding shotgun, talking to him all th tim. Now, God did spak to Abraham a rmarkabl numbr of tims. God spok to Abram thric (Gn. 12:1 3, 7 15:1 18) prior to his ninty-ninth birthday. Thn God spok to Abram on his ninty-ninth birthday (Gn. 17:1 22) and two tims aftr that (Gn. 18: :1 18). Abraham was grat. H was a trmndous hro of th Old Tstamnt. It is bcaus of his faith that God mad promiss to Abraham as had nvr bn mad bfor to any on man. And, in a day whr thr was no compltd canon of Scriptur, God spok to Abraham on fiv occasions. You r thinking, mayb Abraham just didn t rco all th tims that God spok to him. Just what th hll do you think happnd? Abraham didn t rco on of thm bcaus God just wantd to talk? Mayb God was just giving his opinion of Lavrn and Shirly, and thrfor was not as important as th othr 5 tims that H spok to Abraham. Do you think that Abraham simply forgot to mntion of fw of his dirct convrsations with God? Do you think that th rco got lost bcaus God is unabl to prsrv His Wo? Furthrmor, God only spok to Isaac twic (Gn. 26:2 5, 24). Okay, you r wondring, what about Moss or Ezkil or Isaiah? God spok to ths mn many tims for xtndd lngths of tim, and thy rcod wo-for-wo what God said. Th bulk of what thos mn wrot was xtndd quotations from God and that is Scriptur. Th trip that w har coming out of th mouths of som currnt prachrs and vanglists about thir visits with God is appalling. God is not going to hang out with you on th sofa and watch TV; God is not going to tak you up to havn and splash around with you in th rivr of lif. Ths things ar foolishnss. Whn God spaks dirctly to man, thr is a rason, and, most of th tim, th contnt is rcod as Scriptur. Ths vnts wr not vryday occurrncs, nor wr thy trivial vnts. Furthrmor, it is not ncssary for God to spak dirctly to man now, bcaus what w nd to know is found in His Wo. Application: God has rcod His complt and connctd mssag to man. His dirct convrsations with man hav bn fw and substantiv in Scriptur; thy ar not oftn and trivial, as w find in today s charismatic community. You do not nd God to tap you on th shouldr to mak a lft or a right turn; you nd Bibl doctrin in your soul, you nd to b filld with God th Holy Spirit, and thn God will tak car of th rst. God can provid divin guidanc if thos things ar in plac. H is abl to do that now. Application: Now I know a numbr of popl who ar Christians and who hav no ida, day to day, what thy ought to do. Thy ar lost; thy ar confusd. Should thy tak this job or should thy tak that job? Ths popl hav 3 things in common: (1) whn it coms to divin guidanc, thy ar intrstd in divin guidanc as it rlatd to thm and thir wll-bing. Thy may giv lip srvic to doing God s will, but thy want what is going to giv thm th bst lif. (2) Thy do not tak in doctrin rgularly vn if thy hav loads of tim in thir lif to fit doctrin in. (3) Thy do not think about gtting back into fllowship. Application: For thos of you who want practical application, if you ar rading a book and th author bgins to talk of any tim which God audibly spok to him or cam to him in a dram, throw th book out; if somon on th radio starts tlling you God talks to him, turn th radio off; if on TV, thr is som prachr spaking of his convrsations with God, chang th channl. That prson is ithr a mssngr of Satan or dludd to th point of walking insanity. In th nxt vrs, w will mor closly xamin what promiss God mad with rspct to th patriarchs and to whom H mad thm.

58 Psalm And so H causs hr to stand to Jacob to a dcr; to Isral in a covnant of long duration;... Psalm 105:10 Thrfor, H dcrs it [His covnant] as [lit., to, for] a statut to Jacob; [and] as [lit., in] an trnal covnant to Isral;... H confirms this dcr to Jacob and an trnal covnant to Isral;... Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: Masortic Txt Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: And so H causs hr to stand to Jacob to a dcr; to Isral in a covnant of long duration. And h stablishd it to Jacob for an oinanc, and to Isral for an vrlasting covnant;... Non. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Good Nws Bibl (TEV) Th Mssag Nw Amrican Bibl Nw Living Tstamnt...to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob,... Th LORD mad a covnant with Jacob, on that will last forvr. Th vry statut h stablishd with Jacob, th trnal Covnant with Isral,... and ratifid as binding for Jacob, an vrlasting covnant for Isral;... H confirmd it to Jacob as a dcr, to th popl of Isral as a nvr-nding traty. Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Bibl in Basic English Easy English (Churchya) HCSB And h gav it to Jacob for a law, and to Isral for an trnal agrmnt;... H mad it sur to Jacob with a law and to (th popl of) Isral with a covnant that will nvr hav an nd....and confirmd to Jacob as a dcr and to Isral as an vrlasting covnant:... Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: MKJV Young's Updatd LT...and H confirmd it to Jacob for a Law, and to Isral for an vrlasting covnant,......and h stablishs it to Jacob for a statut, To Isral--a covnant ag-during,... What is th gist of this vrs? God confirms His covnant with Jacob as a statut and a covnant to Isral forvr. Psalm 105:10a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs wa (or va) ( ) [pronouncd wah] and so, and thn, thn, and; so, that, yt, thrfor; bcaus wâw conscutiv No Strong s # BDB #253

59 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Psalm 105:10a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs âmad ( ) [pronouncd aw- MAHD] to caus to stand [firm], to maintain; to station, to caus to st up [plac, rais up, rct], to stablish, to prsrv; to dcr, to impos [a law, mandat]; to oain, to appoint, to dstin; to stand still; to prsnt [on] bfor [a king] 3 prson masculin singular, Hiphil imprfct; with th 3 prson fminin singular suffix Strong's #5975 BDB #763 Finding an and so in potry is quit rar. Intrstingly nough, w find a wâw conscutiv and this xact sam vrb (but with a 3 prson masculin plural suffix) in Psalm 148:6, a psalm which may hav bn sung whn David was bringing th Ark to Jrusalm. lâmd ( ) (pronouncd l ) to, for, towas, in rgas to, with rfrnc to, as to, with rgas to, blonging to dirctional/rlational prposition No Strong s # BDB #510 Ya qôb ( ) - [pronouncd yah- uh- B KOH V] supplantr; insidious, dcitful; to circumvnt and is translitratd Jacob masculin propr noun Strong s #3290 BDB #784 lâmd ( ) (pronouncd l ) to, for, towas, in rgas to, with rfrnc to, as to, with rgas to, blonging to dirctional/rlational prposition No Strong s # BDB #510 Th manings of th lâmd prposition brokn down into groups: to, towas, unto; it is usd both to turn on s hart towa somon as wll as to sin against somon; to, vn to; in this sns, it can b usd with a numbr to indicat th uppr limit which a multitud might approach (narly). Lâmd can b quivalnt to th Grk prposition is ( ), maning into, as in transforming into somthing ls, changing into somthing ls (Gn. 2:7). This us of lâmd aftr th vrb hâyâh ( ) [pronouncd haw-yaw] (Strong s #1961 BDB #224) is on thing bcoming anothr (Gn. 2:7). Its fourth us is th mark of a dativ, aftr vrbs of giving, granting, dlivring, paoning, consulting, snding, tc. This typ of dativ is brokn down into svral catgoris, but on includs th translation by, which would b apropos hr. With rgas to, as to. Similar to th Grk prposition is ( ) plus th dativ. [Numbring from Gsnius]. On account of, bcaus, proptr, usd of caus and rason (proptr mans bcaus; Gsnius usd it). Concrning, about, usd of a prson or thing mad th objct of discours, aftr vrbs of saying. On bhalf of anyon, for anyon. As applid to a rul or standa, accoing to, accoing as, as though, as if. Whn associatd with tim, it rfrs to th point of tim at which or in which anything is don; or it can rfr to th spac of tim during which somthing is don (or occurs); at th tim of. chôq ( ) [pronouncd khok] dcr, that which is dc; statut; boundary, dfind limit; an appointd portion of labor, a task masculin singular noun Strong's #2706 BDB #349 Translation: Thrfor, H dcrs it [His covnant] as [lit., to, for] a statut to Jacob;... Th contract which God mad with Abraham and confirmd it with Isaac and thn confirmd with Jacob (Gn. 28: :9 12) was, for all intnts and purposs, a statut, law, an vrlasting contract. Again, th trnal aspct of th covnant is mphasizd. At th nd of this vrs, Isral is not usd as th God-givn nam for Jacob, but for th nation Isral.

60 Psalm Psalm 105:10b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs lâmd ( ) (pronouncd l ) to, for, towas, in rgas to, with rfrnc to, as to, with rgas to, blonging to dirctional/rlational prposition No Strong s # BDB #510 Yis râ êl ( ) [pronouncd yis-raw- ALE] God prvails; contndr; soldir of God; translitratd Isral masculin propr noun Strong s #3478 & #3479 BDB #975 h b ( ) [pronouncd b ] in, into, through; at, by, nar, on, upon; with, bfor, against; by mans of; among; within a prposition of proximity No Strong s # BDB #88 b rîyth (. ) [pronouncd b rth] covnant, pact, allianc, traty, allianc; contract fminin singular construct Strong s #1285 BDB #136 ôwlâm ( ) [pronouncd o-lawm] long duration, forvr, prptuity, antiquity, futurity masculin singular noun Strong s #5769 BDB #761 Translation:...[and] as [lit., in] an trnal covnant to Isral;... It maks littl sns for us to approach this as a promis mad to Jacob twic (Jacob is also known as Isral). So, bfor w go any furthr, w should look at how Jacob and Isral ar usd togthr in potic litratur. Thr ar at last svn diffrnt ways in which th nams Jacob and Isral ar usd in tandm: Jacob vs. Isral Vrss: Jacob Isral Isa. 8:17 18 Jacob as th conniving blivr Jacob as th matur blivr Psalm 78:21 Isa. 41:14 43:1 41:5 Isral in apostasy or th unrgnrat in Isral Isral as a spiritually strong nation 28 Psalm 78:77 All th inhabitants of Isral Th rgnrat inhabitants of Isral Psalm 105:8 10: Jacob, th prson Isral, th nation Psalm 14:7 53:6 Isa. 14:1 2 Th nation Isral Th nation Isral Psalm 22:23 135:4 147:19 Jacob, th ancstor of th Isralits Jacob, th ancstor of th Isralits Psalm 78:5 Isa. 27:6 29:23 Th rcntly rgnratd in Isral Th matur blivrs in Isral I did this chart many yars ago and I do not rcall if this is original with m or if I took it from anothr author. I am about 90% crtain that this is original. Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins This vrs is not fully apprciatd apart from vv. 8 9; w hav: H rmmbrs to an ag His covnant 28 This sms to b rvrs in Isa. 10:21 22.

61 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls a Wo H commandd to a thousand of gnrations; which H mad with Abraham and His sworn oath to Isaac. Thn H confirmd to Jacob for a statut to Isral a covnant of long duration;... Th topic of this passag is th contract which God mad with Abraham; H mad a sworn oath to his son Isaac; God latr confirmd that oath to Jacob and it thn bcam a statut, writtn, a covnant of long duration to th nation Isral. If you look at this any othr way, it would appar silly to mntion Jacob twic whn th covnant was originally mad with Abraham, who was a grat man spiritually; Jacob was mdiocr at bst. It may b bst to s this as a whol, xgtd bit by bit: God s Contract with Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and th Nation Isral Psalm 105:9 11 Commntary Paralll Scriptur and Commnts God spok to Abraham on svral occasions, making th following promiss to him (thr ar too many to includ in this on column). This is th covnant that h mad with Abraham... Originally, God mad a contract with Abraham, portions of which wr rpatd svral tims, and listd blow. Th promiss which God mad to Abraham includd (1) a grat nation would com from Abraham; (2) that blssing would b associatd with that nation (and thos who cursd it would b cursd); (3) a larg pic of land was givn to Abraham; (4) this inhritanc would com to th son of his loins through Sarah; (5) that man nations would com from Abraham; (6) that Abraham s progny would b lik th sand of th sa; (7) and that on Son of Abraham would b blssing to all th world. And Jhovah had said to Abram, Go out from your land and from your kind, and from your fathr's hous, to th land which I will show you. And I will mak of you a grat nation. And I will blss you and mak your nam grat; and you will b a blssing. And I will blss thos who blss you, and curs th on dspising you. And in you all familis of th arth shall b blssd (Gn. 12:1 3). God givs Abraham an or to lav his family (his fathr s hous) and h is promisd by God that H would mak a grat nation of him. Furthrmor, thr would b blssing associatd with thos who blss thos from Abraham and cursing associatd with thos who curs this lin. Evn though God givs Abram an or hr, this appars to b an unconditional covnant. And aftr Lot had sparatd from him, Jhovah said to Abram, Now lift up your ys and look northwa and southwa and astwa and wstwa from th plac whr you ar. For all th land which you s I will giv to you, and to your sd always. And I will mak your sd as th dust of th arth, so that if a man can count th dust of th arth, thn your sd also will b countd. Ris up! Walk through th land, in its lngth and in its bradth, for I will giv it to you (Gn. 13:14 17). God promiss to mak a grat popl out from Abraham and H promiss to giv Abraham a hug plot of land, which H tlls Abraham to walk through. Aftr ths things th Wo of Jhovah cam to Abram in a vision, saying, Do not far, Abram; I am your shild, your rwa will incras gratly. And Abram said, Lo Jhovah, what will You giv to m sinc I am going childlss and th son of th inhritanc of my hous is Elazar of Damascus? And Abram said, Bhold! You hav givn no sd to m; and lo, th son of my hous is inhriting of m! And bhold! Th Wo of Jhovah cam to him saying, This on shall not b inhriting. But h that shall com forth out of your own bowls shall b your hir. And H brought him outsid and said, Look now at th havns and count th stars, if you ar abl to count thm. And H said to him, So shall your sd b. And h blivd in Jhovah. And H countd it to him for rightousnss. And H said to him, I am Jhovah who causd you to com out of Ur of th Chaldans, to giv you this land to inhrit it (Gn. 15:1 7). God maks it clar that Abram s inhritanc would go to a son born from his own loins.

62 Psalm God s Contract with Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and th Nation Isral Psalm 105:9 11 Commntary Paralll Scriptur and Commnts And whn Abram was ninty nin yars old, Jhovah appa to Abram and said to him, I am th Almighty God! Walk bfor m and b prfct; and I will mak My covnant btwn M and you, and will multiply you vry much. And Abram fll on his fac. And God spok with him, saying, As for M, bhold, My covnant is with you, and you shall b a fathr of many nations. And your nam no longr shall b calld Abram, but your nam shall b Abraham. For I hav mad you a fathr of many nations. And I will mak you vry fruitful, xcdingly. And I will giv you for nations. And kings shall com out of you. And I will stablish My covnant btwn M and you, and your sd aftr you in thir gnrations, for an vrlasting covnant, to b a God to you and to your sd aftr you. And I will giv to you and to your sd aftr you th land of your sojourning, all th land of Canaan, for an vrlasting possssion and I will b thir God. And God said to Abraham, You shall kp My covnant, you and your sd aftr you in thir gnrations. This is My covnant which you shall kp, btwn M and you and your sd aftr you: Evry mal child among you shall b circumcisd. And you shall circumcis th flsh of your forskin. And it shall b a tokn of th covnant btwn M and you. And a son of ight days shall b circumcisd among you, vry mal in your gnration, h that is born in th hous, or bought with silvr from any son of a forignr who is not of your sd. Th child of your hous and th purchas of your mony circumcising must b circumcisd. And My covnant shall b in your flsh for a prptual covnant. And an uncircumcisd mal who is not circumcisd in th flsh of his forskin, his soul shall b cut off from his popl; h has brokn My covnant. And God said to Abraham, You shall not call your wif Sarai by hr nam Sarai, for Sarah shall b hr nam; and I hav blssd hr and hav also givn to you a son from hr. Ya, I hav blssd hr and sh shall bcom nations; kings of popl shall b from hr. And Abraham fll on his fac and laughd. And h said in his hart, Shall on b born to a son of a hund yars? And shall Sarah bar, a daughtr of ninty yars? And Abraham said to God, Oh that Ishmal might liv bfor You! And God said, Your wif Sarah truly shall bar you a son, and you shall call his nam Isaac. And I hav stablishd My covnant with him for a prptual covnant with his sd aftr him. And as to Ishmal, I hav ha you. Bhold, I hav blssd him and will mak him fruitful and will multiply him xcdingly. H shall fathr twlv chifs, and I will mak him a grat nation. And I will stablish My covnant with Isaac, whom Sarah shall bar to you at this tim nxt yar. (Gn. 17:1 21). Abraham is told to circumcis his child (not yt concivd) to indicat a covnant btwn God and him. Abraham is promisd that kings and nations would com from him. Furthrmor, h is promisd that h would bar a child in his old ag by Sarah. And H said, Rturning I will rturn to you at th tim of lif; and, Bhold! A son shall b to your wif Sarah. And Sarah was listning at th ntranc to th tnt, and it was bhind Him. And Abraham and Sarah wr agd, going on in days. Th custom as to womn had casd to b to Sarah. And Sarah laughd within hrslf, saying, Aftr my bing old, shall thr b plasur to m; my lo also bing old? And Jhovah said to Abraham, Why has Sarah laughd at this, saying, Indd, truly shall I bar, vn I who am old? Is anything too difficult for Jhovah? At th appointd tim I will rturn to you, at th tim of lif, and thr will b a son to Sarah. And Sarah dnid, saying, I did not laugh; for sh was afraid. And H said, No, but you did laugh. And th mn ros up from thr and lookd on th fac of Sodom. And Abraham was going with thm, to snd thm away. And Jhovah said, Should I hid from Abraham that which I am doing? And Abraham shall bcom a grat and powrful nation, and all th nations of th arth shall b blssd in him. For I hav known him, so that whatvr h may command his sons and his hous aftr him, vn thy may kp th way of Jhovah, to do rightousnss and justic; to th intnt that Jhovah may bring on Abraham that which H has spokn of him. (Gn. 18:10 19). God promiss that h would mak a grat nation of Abraham, and that all of th nations through him would b blssd. Furthrmor, thos of Abraham s hous would kp th way of Jhovah. Nhmiah rfrs to this sam covnant in a prayr in Nh. 9:7 8: You ar Yahwh th God, who did choos Abram, and brought him forth out of Ur of th Chalds, and gav him th nam of Abraham, and found his hart faithful bfor you, and mad a covnant with him to giv th land of th Canaanit, th Hittit, th Amorit, and th Prizzit, and th Jbusit, and th Girgashit, to giv it to his sd, and hav prformd your wos; for you ar rightous.

63 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls God s Contract with Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and th Nation Isral Psalm 105:9 11 Commntary Paralll Scriptur and Commnts Aftr Abraham had com to th point of offring up his son by Sarah, Isaac, God spok to him. And H said, I hav sworn by Myslf, dclars Jhovah, that on account of this thing you hav don, and hav not withhld your son, your only son, that blssing I will blss you, and multiplying I will multiply your sd as th stars of th havns, and as th sand which is on th shor of th sa. And your Sd shall possss th gat of His nmis. And in your Sd shall all th nations of th arth b blssd bcaus you hav obyd My voic. (Gn. 22:16 18). Thr would b a grat numbr who would com from Abraham s loins and that all of th nations would b blssd in him. This is th gratst promis, as it is a promis that Jsus Christ would com from Abraham....and th oath H swor to Isaac......(H confirmd with to Jacob as a dcr... God also spok to Isaac, and rconfirmd His oath to Abraham, that his dscndants would b lik th stars of th havns, that God would giv thm a hug plot of land, and that al th nations would b blssd in his Sd, th Lo Jsus Christ. God promiss Jacob that his dscndants would b as th dust of th arth and that thy would go in all dirctions, and that all of th world would b blssd in Jacob and in his Sd, Jsus Christ. God also promiss to bring Jacob back to th land. That is an important addition to th Abrahamic covnant. God would latr mov Jacob s family to Egypt, and bring thm back into th land 400 yars latr. God will also distribut th Jws throughout th world and thn bring thm back to th land of Canaan. And a famin was in th land bsids th famin in th days of Abraham. And Isaac wnt to Abimlch king of th Philistins, to Grar. And Jhovah appa to him and said, Do not go down into Egypt; stay in th land which I shall say to you. Rsid in this land, and I will b with you and blss you, for to you and to your sd I will giv all ths lands. And I will caus to ris My oath which I swor to your fathr Abraham. And I will incras your sd lik th stars of th havns, and I will giv to your sd all ths lands. And all th nations of th arth shall blss thmslvs in your Sd, bcaus Abraham listnd to My voic and hdd My charg, My commands, My statuts, and My laws. And Isaac livd in Grar (Gn. 26:1 7). And h dramd. And, bhold, a laddr was placd on th arth, its top raching to th havns. And, bhold, th angls of God wr going up and going down on it! And, bhold, Jhovah stood abov it and said, I am Jhovah th God of your fathr Abraham, and th God of Isaac; th land on which you ar lying, I will giv it to you and to your sd. And your sd shall b as th dust of th arth, and you shall sprad to th wst and to th ast and to th north and to th south; and all th familis of th arth shall b blssd in you and in your Sd. And, bhold, I will b with you and will gua you in vry plac in which you may go, and will bring you back to this land; for I will not forsak you until I hav surly don that which I hav spokn to you (Gn. 28:12 15).

64 Psalm God s Contract with Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and th Nation Isral Psalm 105:9 11 Commntary Paralll Scriptur and Commnts...and to Isral as an trnal covnant):... Hr, w might tak th sum of what God has said to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and considr thos wos to b God s covnant to th nation Isral; or w can tak th wos from Ex. 19, whr God tlls Moss to tll Isral that, if thy kp God s covnant, thy will bcom a spcial trasur to Him abov all th nations; thy will bcom a kingdom of prists to Him. And Moss wnt up to God. And Jhovah calld to him from th mountain, saying, You shall say this to th hous of Jacob, and tll it to th sons of Isral. You hav sn what I did to Egypt; and I bor you on wings of agls and brought you to M. And now if listning you will listn to My voic, and will kp My covnant, you shall bcom a spcial trasur to M abov all th nations, for all th arth is Min. And you shall bcom a kingdom of prists for M, a holy nation. Ths ar th wos which you shall spak to th sons of Isral. And Moss cam and calld th ldrs of th popl. And h put all ths wos bfor thm which Jhovah commandd him. And all th popl answ togthr and said, All which Jhovah has spokn w will do. And Moss brought back th wos of th popl to Jhovah (Ex. 19:3 8)....saying, I will giv you th land of Canaan as your allottd inhritanc. In God spaking to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, th land of Canaan was spokn of as thir inhritanc svral tims. Howvr, bar in mind, this is not th only part of God s covnant to thm, but it might b takn in this psalm as rprsntativ of all of God s promiss to Isral. Th primary covnant was mad with Abraham; that mad to his son and grandson mrly confirmd th Abrahamic covnant. For this rason, w do not hav an Isaacic or a Jacobic covnant. This was a point which Stphn mad in Acts 7: Th God of glory appa to our fathr Abraham, whn h was in Msopotamia, bfor h livd in Haran, and said to him, 'Gt out of your land, and from your rlativs, and com into a land which I will show you.' Thn h cam out of th land of th Chaldaans, and livd in Haran. From thr, whn his fathr was dad, God movd him into this land, whr you ar now living. H gav him no inhritanc in it, no, not so much as to st his foot on. H promisd that h would giv it to him for a possssion, and to his sd aftr him, whn h still had no child (Acts 7:2b 5). H was making a point basd upon this promis of God.

65 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Th writr of Hbrws summd this covnant up on a latr dat, mphasizing th faith of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob: By faith, Abraham, whn h was calld, obyd to go out to th plac which h was to rciv for an inhritanc. H wnt out, not knowing whr h wnt. By faith, h livd as an alin in th land of promis, as in a land not his own, dwlling in tnts, with Isaac and Jacob, th hirs with him of th sam promis. For h lookd for th city which has th foundations, whos buildr and makr is God. By faith, vn Sarah hrslf rcivd powr to conciv, and sh bor a child whn sh was past ag, sinc sh countd him faithful who had promisd. Thrfor as many as th stars of th sky in multitud, and as innumrabl as th sand which is by th sa shor, wr fath by on man, and him as good as dad. Ths all did in faith, not having rcivd th promiss, but having sn thm and mbracd thm from afar, and having confssd that thy wr strangrs and pilgrims on th arth. For thos who say such things mak it clar that thy ar sking aftr a country of thir own. If indd thy had bn thinking of that country from which thy wnt out, thy would hav had nough tim to rturn. But now thy dsir a bttr country, that is, a havnly on. Thrfor God is not ashamd of thm, to b calld thir God, for h has prpa a city for thm. By faith, Abraham, bing tstd, off up Isaac. Ys, h who had gladly rcivd th promiss was offring up his on and only son; vn h to whom it was said, "In Isaac will your sd b calld;" accounting that God is abl to rais up vn from th dad. Figurativly spaking, h also did rciv him back from th dad. By faith, Isaac blssd Jacob and Esau, vn concrning things to com. By faith, Jacob, whn h was dying, blssd ach of th sons of Josph, and worshipd, laning on th top of his staff (Hb. 11:8 21). On of th points I hav mad arlir is, God s promiss to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob ar ral promiss mad to ral popl and thir dscndants. Th idal plac for God to rvok, rwork or r-xplain this promis would hav bn th book of Hbrws. Howvr, th writrs of Scriptur, from th book of Gnsis vn to th book of Hbrws, spak of a promis mad to a spcific st of popl and to thir progny. In fact, th writr of Hbrws, to som xtnt, argus that w ought to trust God, and cits God s promis to Abraham and his sd as a rason why: For God is not unrightous, so as to forgt your work and th labor of lov which you showd towa his nam, in that you srvd th saints, and still do srv thm. W dsir that ach on of you may show th sam dilignc to th fullnss of hop vn to th nd, that you won't b sluggish, but imitators of thos who through faith and patinc inhritd th promiss. For whn God mad a promis to Abraham, sinc h could swar by non gratr, h swor by himslf, saying, "Most surly I will blss you, and I will surly multiply you." Thus, having patintly ndu, h obtaind th promis. For mn indd swar by a gratr on, and in vry disput of thirs th oath is final for confirmation. In this way God, bing dtrmind to show mor abundantly to th hirs of th promis th immutability of his counsl, intrposd with an oath; that by two immutabl things, in which it is impossibl for God to li, w may hav a strong ncouragmnt, who hav fld for rfug to tak hold of th hop st bfor us. This hop w hav as an anchor of th soul, a hop both sur and stadfast and ntring into that which is within th vil; whr as a forrunnr Jsus nt for us, having bcom a high prist forvr aftr th or of Mlchizdk (Hb. 6:10 20). If God s promiss to Abraham wr somhow spiritualizd away, thn ths wos of th writr of Hbrws would ring quit hollow. I now it may sm as if I am bating a dad hors hr about th incorrct notions of Covnant Thology. If you ar ti of haring that, just rcogniz that, whn God maks a promis, thn His charactr and ssnc dmand that H stand bhind th promis. God has givn hunds of promiss to us Church Ag blivrs in Scriptur; so w ar allowd to tak a hold of thm and hold God to thm. And lt us clos this out with a vry apropos prayr of th writr of Hbrws: Now may th God of pac, who brought again from th dad th grat shph of th shp with th blood of an trnal covnant, our Lo Jsus, mak you complt in vry good work to do his will, working in you that which is wll plasing in his sight, through Jsus Christ, to whom b th glory forvr and vr. Amn (Hb. 13:20 21). Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins

66 Psalm to say To you, I giv a land of Canaan a portion of your inhritanc. Psalm 105:11...saying To you, I will giv th land of Canaan [as] your inhritd trritory;......saying to you, I will giv you th land of Canaan as your appropriat possssion;... Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: Masortic Txt Sptuagint Significant diffrncs:...to say To you, I giv a land of Canaan a portion of your inhritanc....saying To you will I giv th land of Chanaan, th lin of your inhritanc:... I do not know th maning of th Grk wo rnd lin by Brnton. That is th only possibl diffrnc btwn th Grk and Hbrw. Th Latin is idntical to th Hbrw. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Good Nws Bibl (TEV) Th Mssag Nw Jrusalm Bibl Nw Living Tstamnt Rvisd English Bibl...whn h said, "I'll giv you th land of Canaan." "I will giv you th land of Canaan," h said. "It will b your own possssion." Namly, "I giv you th land. Canaan is your hill-country inhritanc."...saying, To you I giv a land, Canaan, your allottd birthright. I will giv you th land of Canaan as your spcial possssion. I shall giv you th land of Canaan, h said, as your allottd holding. Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Bibl in Basic English Easy English (Churchya) God s Wo HCSB Saying, To you will I giv th land of Canaan, th masu lin of your hritag:... H said, "I will giv to you (Jacob) th land of Canaan. It will blong to you, (popl of Isral)....by saying, "I will giv you th land of Canaan. It is your shar of th inhritanc." "I will giv th land of Canaan to you as your inhritd portion." Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: MKJV Young s Updatd LT...saying, To you I will giv th land of Canaan, th lot of your inhritanc;... Saying, To you I giv th land of Canaan, Th portion of your inhritanc. What is th gist of this vrs? A portion of God s promis to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob was to giv to thm th land of Canaan. Psalm 105:11a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs lâmd ( ) (pronouncd l ) to, for, towas, in rgas to, with rfrnc to, as to, with rgas to, blonging to dirctional/rlational prposition No Strong s # BDB #510

67 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Psalm 105:11a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs âmar ( ) [pronouncd aw-mahr] to say, to spak, to uttr; to say [to onslf], to think Qal infinitiv construct Strong s #559 BDB #55 lâmd ( ) (pronouncd l ) to, for, towas, in rgas to, with rfrnc to, as to, with rgas to, blonging to dirctional/rlational prposition with th 2 nd prson masculin singular suffix No Strong s # BDB #510 nâthan ( ) [pronouncd naw- THAHN] to giv, to grant, to plac, to put, to st; to mak st 1 prson singular, Qal imprfct Strong's #5414 BDB #678 êth ( ) [pronouncd ayth] gnrally untranslatd; occasionally to, towa indicats that th following substantiv is a dirct objct Strong's #853 BDB #84 rts ( ) [pronouncd EH-rts] arth (all or a portion throf), land, trritory, country, continnt; ground, soil; undr th ground [Shol] fminin singular construct Strong's #776 BDB #75 n a an ( ) K - - [pronouncd k NAH- ahn] which possibly mans mrchant and is translitratd Canaan masculin propr noun; trritory Strong s #3667 BDB #488 Translation:...saying To you, I will giv th land of Canaan... I hav listd th promiss in th prvious vrs which God dliv to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. This, in th psalms, is a rprsntativ promis of all thos givn to Abraham, but it is statd spcifically in Gn. 17:8. Furthrmor, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob ar continually associatd with th land of Canaan throughout th book of Gnsis. Psalm 105:11b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs chbl ( ) B [pronouncd KHE -vl] rop, co, bands; a masuring rop; a trritory, lot, portion; a group [of things] masculin singular construct Strong s #2256 BDB #286 W find this wo translatd in th KJV as rgion, country, lot, co, trritory, portion, lin, sorrow, rop, bands, tacklings, dstruction, coast. Chbl occurs fwr than sixty tims and is givn twlv diffrnt translations. That this rfrs to a co or a rop is undniabl in Joshua 2:15 Jr. 38:6 (in both cass, mn ar low with a rop). It is usd for th rop or co which is usd to drag a ston (2Sam. 17:13); th rop or co for a tnt (Isa. 33:20); and a rop usd to bind (Esthr 1:6 Job 40:25 Ezk 27:24). Chbl is usd for a masuring rop or a masuring lin (2Sam. 8:2 Zch. 2:5). Thrfor, this wo can figurativly b usd for a portion or lot of land which has bn masu out (1Kings 4:13 1Chron. 16:18). Thn w hav th vêyth prposition and th B wo chbl ( ) [pronouncd KHE -vl ], and it mans co, trritory, band; actually, this has bn givn a myriad of rndrings, but th ida is that this is a rop or co, but it can also rfr to that which has bn b ropd off or allottd to. Sinc ch vl gnrally rfrs to a rop or a band which tis things togthr, it can also b usd lss litrally for a group of things. In 1Sam. 10:5, it rfrs to a group of or a band of.

68 Psalm Psalm 105:11b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs nach lâh ( ) [pronouncd nah-khuh- LAW] inhritanc, possssion, proprty, hritag fminin singular noun nd with th 2 prson masculin plural suffix Strong s #5159 BDB #635 Translation:...[as] your inhritd trritory;... This is a vry spcific portion of land which has bn st asid for Isral. It is not clar to m whthr to you should b a part of th quotation or not. Howvr, it appars to b a part of th vrb to giv rathr than th vrb to say. Many popl ar covnant thologians today bcaus thy hav studid a fw proof txts, sttld th issu in thir mind, and thy ignor most of th Old Tstamnt. Thy ithr don t study it or th fw tims thy find thmslvs in th Old Tstamnt, thy gloss ovr th rpatd promiss of God to Isral. And Y howah appa to Abraham and said, To your dscndants I will giv this land. (Gn. 12:7a). And Y howah said to Abram, afr Lot had sparatd from him, Now lift up your ys and look from th plac whr you ar, northwa and southwa and astwa and wstwa; for all of th land which you s, I will giv that land to you and to your dscndants forvr. (Gn. 13:14 15). On th day Y howah mad a covnant with Abram, saying, To your dscndants I hav giv this land, from th rivr of Egypt as far as th grat rivr, th rivr Euphrats. (Gn. 15:18). Thn Y howah spok to Moss, saying, Command th sons of Isral and say to thm, Whn you ntr th land of Canaan, this is th land what will fall to you as an inhritanc. (Num. 34:1 2a). Ths promiss ar prtty spcific and thy hav nvr bn compltly fulfilld. If you ar a covnant thologian, thn you bliv that God is lying to Abraham right hr, or, at th vry last, misrprsnting just what is rally bing promisd to who. God has told Abraham about a particular pic of ral stat and H has told Abraham that his dscndants will hav this land. Covnant thologians think that all of this gts spiritualizd. A ral stat agnt dos not hlp a buyr to sign an arnst mony contract for a particular pic of proprty, and thn consummat th dal by closing with anothr buyr on anothr pic of proprty. If I mad a dal lik this as a ral stat agnt, I would los my licns. Howvr, God can b trustd God will giv this pic of ral stat to th sd of Abraham. God will scur th proprty on thir bhalf in th Tribulation and it will b thirs in th Millnnium. Thos who will occupy this land will not b th Jws of all past and futur gnrations, but thy will b th Isralits who will com out of th Tribulation and thy will not liv in som spiritualizd promisd land but thy will liv in th ara strtchd out btwn th Euphrats Rivr and th Nil. For thos of you who hav bn to th holy land or hav sn picturs, you might b thinking that vn as a gift, this is not that grat of a dal; and I would tnd to agr with you compltly. Howvr, in th Millnnium, th dsrt will bloom lik a crocus. And H has cast th lot for thm and His hand has dividd it to thm by lin and thy will possss it forvr, from gnration to gnration, thy will dwll in it. Th wildrnss and th dsrt will b glad. And th Arabah will rjoic and blossom lik th crocus. It will blossom profusly and rjoic with th rjoicing and shout of joy. Th glory of Lbanon will b givn to it, th majsty of Carml and Sharon. Thy will s th glory of Y howah, th majsty of our God. (Isa. 34:17 35:2). Matthw Hnry writs: Th patriarchs had a right to it, not by providnc, but by promis; and thir sd should b put in possssion of it, not by th common ways of sttling nations, but by miracls; God will giv it to thm himslf, as it wr with his own hand; it shall b givn to thm as thir lot which God assigns thm and masurs out to thm, as th lot of thir inhritanc, a sur titl, by virtu of thir birth; it shall com to thm by dscnt, not by purchas, by th favour of God, and not any mrit of thir own. Havn is th inhritanc w hav obtaind (Eph. 1:11 in Christ also w wr assignd an inhritanc, having bn foroaind accoing to th purpos of him who works all things aftr th counsl of his will). And this is th promis which God has promisd us (as Canaan was th promis h promisd thm), vn trnal lif (1John 2:25 This is th promis which h

69 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls promisd us, th trnal lif; Titus 1:2 in hop of trnal lif, which God, who can't li, promisd bfor trnal tims). 29 Jamison, Fausst and Brown ti ths promiss to th rmaindr of this psalm: Out of th whol storhous of th promiss of God, only on is prominntly brought forwa, namly, that concrning th possssion of Canaan [Psalm 105:11]. Evrything rvolvs around this. Th wondrs and 30 judgmnts hav all for thir ultimat dsign th fulfilmnt of this promis. Th promiss of God will b fulfilld, and His dalings with th popl of Isral bar this out. This rminds m somwhat of th concpt of Manifst Dstiny, th blif xprssd in th mid-1800's, that th Unitd Stats would vntually strtch from sa to sa. This doctrin probably spd up th addition of lands wst of th Mississippi Rivr. In thir bing mn of a numbr as a fw and visitors in hr. Psalm 105:12...whn thy wr [but] a fw mn [thr] and visitors in it [th land]. Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts:...vn though, at that tim, thy wr but a fw mn who tmporarily livd in th land. Masortic Txt Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: In thir bing mn of a numbr as a fw and visitors in hr,......whn thy wr fw in numbr, vry fw, and sojournrs in it. Evn though thr is a slight diffrnt in th way fw is wod in th Grk and th Hbrw, thr do not appar to b any significant diffrncs btwn th languags. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Good Nws Bibl (TEV) Th Mssag Nw Jrusalm Bibl Nw Living Tstamnt At th tim thr wr only a fw of us, and w wr homlss. God's popl wr fw in numbr, strangrs in th land of Canaan. Whn thy didn't count for much, a mr handful, and strangrs at that,... Whn thy wr insignificant in numbrs, a handful of strangrs in th land. H said this whn thy wr fw in numbr, a tiny group of strangrs in Canaan. Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Easy English (Churchya) God s Wo HCSB JPS (Tanakh) Onc, thr was only a small numbr of thm (th popl of Isral). (Thr wr) only a fw of thm and thy wr nomads (in Canaan). Whil th popl of Isral wr fw in numbr, a small group of forignrs living in that land,... Whn thy wr fw in numbr, vry fw indd, and tmporary rsidnts in Canaan,... Thy wr thn fw in numbr, 29 Matthw Hnry, Commntary on th Whol Bibl; from -Swo, Psalm 105:11 (slightly ditd). 30 Robrt Jamison, A. R. Fausst and David Brown; Commntary Critical and Explanatory on th Whol Bibl; from -swo, Psalm 105:11.

70 Psalm Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: a mr handful, sojourning thr,... LTHB NRSV WEB Young's Litral Translation...whn thy wr a fw mn of numbr; vry fw, and alins in it. Whn thy wr fw in numbr, of littl account, and strangrs in it,... Whn thy wr but a fw mn in numbr, Ys, vry fw, and forignrs in it. In thir bing fw in numbr, But a fw, and sojournrs in it. What is th gist of this vrs? Th psalmist points out that ths promiss wr mad to Isral whn thr wr only a handful of thm living in th land of Canaan. Psalm 105:12a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs h b ( ) [pronouncd b ] in, into, through; at, by, nar, on, upon; with, bfor, against; by mans of; among; within a prposition of proximity No Strong s # BDB #88 hâyâh ( ) [pronouncd haw-yaw] to b, is, was, ar; to bcom, to com into bing; to com to pass Qal infinitiv construct with th 3 prson masculin plural suffix Strong's #1961 BDB #224 Th infinitiv construct, whn combind with th bêyth prposition, can oftn tak on a tmporal maning and may b rnd whn [such and such happns]. It can srv as a tmporal markr that dnots an vnt which occurs simultanously with th action of th main vrb. math ( ) [pronouncd math] mal, man, mal offspring; fw mn howvr, thr is not an mphasis hr upon sx or gndr masculin plural construct Strong s #4962 BDB #607 miç phâr ( ) [pronouncd mis -FAWR numbr, countd, numrical total; a rcounting, a narration masculin singular noun Strong s #4557 BDB #708 kaph or k ( ) [pronouncd k ] lik, as, just as; accoing to; about, approximatly prposition No Strong s # BDB #453 m a ( ) a littl, fwnss, fw masculin singular noun [pronouncd m- AHT] Strong s #4592 BDB #589 Togthr, th kaph prposition and m a man narly, almost, within a littl, shortly, quickly, suddnly, scarcly, vry littl. Translation:...whn thy wr [but] a fw mn [thr]... In th Aramaic and th Syriac, this rads: in your bing 31 mn of numbr as fw. It also rads that way in th 1Chronicals passag; undr thos circumstancs, th quot from v. 11 would hav xtndd into v. 12. Thir smallnss in numbr has bn notd svral tims in Scriptur. Whn Simon and Lvi ractd incorrctly to th rap of thir sistr, thir fathr Jacob told thm: You hav brought troubl upon m, by making m odious 31 I don t hav a sourc for this, and my Syriac vrsion has thy. Howvr, Rothrham dos point this out. Josph Bryant Rothrham s Th Emphasizd Bibl; h1971 by Krgl Publications; p. 584 (footnot).

71 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls among th Canaanits and th Prizzits; and my mn, bing fw in numbr, thy will gathr togthr against m and attack m and I will b dstroyd, I and my houshold. (Gn. 34:30b). Jacob s obvious worry was, ths Canaanits which Simon and Lvi rild, could compltly annihilat Jacob s family. Whn Jacob s family movd to Egypt, thy could b asily numb. Moss said to th nation Isral in on of his last addrsss: Y howah did not st His lov on you nor choos you bcaus you wr mor in numbr than any of th popls, for you wr th fwst of all popls. (Dut. 7:7; s also 26:5). This psalm is bing rad during th moving of th Ark, aftr Canaan has bn conqu and rasonably scu by th Isralits. David also, at this point in tim, has takn ovr a major sction of th land of Canaan, namly Jrusalm. So, lik many popl, whos viw of history bgins at thir day of birth, ths promiss wr takn for grantd during David s gnration. Thy wr born in th land of Canaan, which was ruld ovr, for th most part, by th Jws. Th psalmist maks that point that God mad ths promiss to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob whn thr wr only a handful of thm in th land. Thr is anothr point to b mad hr: w should not disparag th smallnss of anything, if it is of God, th smallnss is not an issu. A church may b small and it may rmain so for its ntir xistnc; howvr, if th pastor is taching carfully th Wo of God, vn if it is to but a handful of popl, that is all that mattrs. Som of th criticisms of Brachah Church, particularly in its arly days, was that blivrs thr sat on thir hands and took in doctrin. This is bcaus, th manifst wisdom of that day was, w ought to b working for God. W ought to b out doing somthing for God. Now, vntually, vanglists, missionaris and pastors cam out of Brachah Church, but it did not happn ovrnight. Our faithfulnss nds to b dirctd towa God; our srvic and our lif, at tims, may not sm lik much is going on. Howvr, w ar not to judg our ministry and our livs by how larg it is. Numbrs man littl to God. Of cours, thr honorabl blivrs in Jsus Christ who hav hug ministris. On can t hlp but think of Billy Graham and th millions of popl whom h has rachd; and h has ld his lif in an xmplary mannr as wll. I onc ha somon try to put Billy Graham down, and th bst h could com up with was, H ownd som larg dogs which stayd in his bdroom. Now, I don t know if this is tru, or if w ar rally spaking of 1, 2 or 3 dogs; but I wish my lif showd this amount of faithfulnss, that th worst somon could say about m is, I think h owns big dogs. I v gon off track hr. Th point is was originally trying to mak is, w hav diffrnt sizd ministris. For vry Billy Graham, thr ar a tn thousand popl lik you and m. W may or may not com into contact with a lot of popl. W may or may not hav a flashy, prominnt position. This is nvr th issu. God is not going to apportion out stat in th havnly kingdom accoing to th numbr of popl w lad to Christ. Howvr, our rwas will b basd upon what H has givn us and what w do with it. You might b som old rti guy, savd aftr rtirmnt, and th only prson you com into contact with, outsid of your church, is your unbliving wif. Sh might b your ntir ministry. You ntir mission fild might b this on prson. Siz is nvr th issu; your faithfulnss is th issu. Psalm 105:12b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs w (or v ) ( ) [pronouncd wh] and, vn, thn; namly; whn; sinc, that; though simpl wâw conjunction No Strong s # BDB #251 gûwr ( ) [pronouncd goor] visitors, tmporary rsidnts, sojournrs masculin plural, Qal activ participl Strong s #1481 BDB #157 h b ( ) [pronouncd b ] in, into, through; at, by, nar, on, upon; with, bfor, against; by mans of; among; within a prposition of proximity with th 3 prson fminin singular suffix No Strong s # BDB #88

72 Psalm Translation:...and visitors in it [th land],... W hav lss apprciation for what historically occur than w should. God took this small family, many of whom wr not rally th nicst popl (as w studid in th lattr half of Gnsis), and H promisd thm, bcaus of thir ancstor Abraham, to giv thm this land in which thy tmporarily livd. Th popls of th land wr big mn, lawlss and dgnrat, and thy outnumb this small family of th dscndants of Abraham by tns of thousands to on. On thir own, thr would hav bn no way for thm to conqur and to possss th land. But it was God Who chos thm to giv th land to. Such a promis should hav smd uttrly absu, apart from th fact that it was from God. By faith, Abraham livd as an alin in th Land of Promis, as in a forign land, dwlling in tnts tmporarily, as did his son and grandson Isaac and Jacob, fllow-hirs of th sam promis; for h was looking for th city which has foundations, whos architct and buildr is God (Hb. 11:9 10). Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins God s Protction of Isral And so thy walk [about] from a nation unto a nation, from a kingdom unto a popl anothr. Psalm 105:13 Thn thy wand from nation to nation, from a kingdom to anothr popl. Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: Thn thy walkd about from nation to nation, from on kingdom to anothr. Masortic Txt Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: And so thy walk [about] from a nation unto a nation, from a kingdom unto a popl anothr. And thy wnt from nation to nation, and from on kingdom to anothr popl. Non. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: CEV Good Nws Bibl (TEV) Th Mssag Nw Living Tstamnt Rvisd English Bibl W wand from nation to nation, from on country to anothr. Thy wand from country to country, from on kingdom to anothr. Wandring from country to country, drifting from pillar to post,... Thy wand back and forth btwn nations from on kingdom to anothr....roaming from nation to nation, from on kingdom to anothr;... Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): Easy English (Churchya) Thy movd from country to country, from on kingdom to anothr. Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: English Standa Vrsion WEB Young's Litral Translation...wandring from nation to nation, from on kingdom to anothr popl,... Thy wnt about from nation to nation, From on kingdom to anothr popl. And thy go up and down, from nation unto nation, From a kingdom unto anothr popl.

73 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls What is th gist of this vrs? God movd Abraham, Isaac and Jacob about that gnral rgion. Thr wr svral groups of popl who occupid th Land of Promis, and ths fw Jws movd frly among thm. Psalm 105:13a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs wa (or va) ( ) [pronouncd wah] and so, and thn, thn, and; so, that, yt, thrfor; bcaus wâw conscutiv No Strong s # BDB #253 hâlak ( ) [pronouncd haw LAHK ] to go, to com, to dpart, to walk [up and down, about]; to wandr, to prowl; to go for onslf, to go about, to liv [walk] [in truth]; to flow 3 prson masculin plural, Hithpal imprfct Strong s #1980 (and #3212) BDB #229 Th Hithpal is th rflxiv of th Pil. Th Hithpal convys th ida that on puts himslf into th stat or th action of th vrb, which is an achivd stat. Sow givs svral uss: (1) Its primary us is rflxiv th vrb dscribs action on or for onslf. That is, th subjct of th vrb is also th objct of th vrb. Howvr, this dos not compltly convy th rflxiv us, as thr ar xampls whr th vrb taks on anothr objct. Ths vrbs ar known as tolrativ th subjct allows an action to affct himslf or hrslf. (2) Rciprocal us: Occasionally, th Hithpal dnots rciprocity; that is, thy workd with on anothr, thy lookd at on anothr. (3) Th thi us is known as itrativ, which mans that th Hithpal suggsts rpatd activity (h walkd about, h walkd to and fro, and turnd back and forth). (4) Th fourth us is known as stimativ: th vrb indicats how on shows himslf or rgas himslf, whthr in truth or by prtns (h 32 prtndd to b sick, thy profssd to b Jws). min ( ) [pronouncd min] from, off, out from, out of, away from, on account of, sinc, than, mor than prposition of sparation Strong's #4480 BDB #577 gôwy ( ) [pronouncd GOH-] popl, nation masculin singular noun Strong s #1471 BDB #156 l ( ) [pronouncd l] unto, in, into, towa, to, rgaing, against dirctional prposition (rspct or dfrnc may b implid) Strong's #413 BDB #39 gôwy ( ) [pronouncd GOH-] popl, nation masculin singular noun Strong s #1471 BDB #156 Translation: Thn thy wand from nation to nation,... Ths 3 patriarchs did not wandr about aimlssly; oftn God movd thm from point A to point B. For Abraham in particular, God wantd him to walk about th land that H would giv Abraham s dscndants. Application: God dos hav a gographical will for us, and somtims that rquirs us to mov from on city to anothr, and oftn, from on stat to anothr. God s gographical will is not difficult to figur out, as long as you hav som doctrin. Now, unlik Abraham, Isaac or Jacob, God is not going to com to you in a dram or in a thophany and point you in th right dirction. Circumstancs ar going to guid you, and somtims ths ar difficult circumstancs. Som of th simpl things ar, you cannot find a job in your fild, or you gt fi from a job with littl hop of bing rhi in your ara; and somtims, th plac of opportunity is half way across th Unitd Stats. Thr was a lot of migration in th Unitd Stats from ast to wst du to a varity of conomic haships. I prsonally movd from California to Txas for conomic and vocational rasons; and in rtrospct, 32 Choon-Long Sow, A Grammar for Biblical Hbrw (Rvisd Edition); Abingdon Prss, Nashvill; 1995, pp

74 Psalm it is clar, that was God s gographical will for my lif. Howvr, thr ar a numbr of circumstancs. You may, in som way or anothr, mt and fall in lov with somon who livs in anothr plac if you gt marrid, on of you has to mov. A family mmbr may suffr from a disas which rquirs som rlocation in or to gt tratmnt. Somtims, a child gos off to school and nds up living and working in that gnral gographical ara. As long as you hav som doctrin, figuring out whr God wants you to mov is not going to b difficult. It could b as simpl as, you visit anothr ara, you lik it, and you invstigat moving thr. On th othr hand, this dos not man that you hav all your prsonal blongings packd and rady to go at a momnt s notic. Application: Divin guidanc in th Christian lif is a fairly organic and natural procss. All you hav to do is, gt your hour of doctrin vryday and stay filld with th Spirit and God will tak car of th rst. That is all thr is to divin guidanc in th Church Ag. Psalm 105:13b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology BDB and Strong s Numbrs min ( ) [pronouncd min] from, off, out from, out of, away from, on account of, sinc, than, mor than prposition of sparation Strong's #4480 BDB #577 mam lâkâh ( ) [pronouncd mahm -law- kaw] kingdom, national govrnmnt; sovrignty, dominion, rign, dynasty; usd to rfr to both th royal dignity and to th country of a king fminin singular noun Strong s #4467 BDB #575 l ( ) [pronouncd l] unto, in, into, towa, to, rgaing, against dirctional prposition (rspct or dfrnc may b implid) Strong's #413 BDB #39 am ( ) [pronouncd ahm] popl; rac, trib; family, rlativs; citizns, common popl; companions, srvants; ntir human rac; h [of animals] masculin singular collctiv noun in th construct form Strong s #5971 BDB #766 achêr ( ) - [pronouncd ah-khehr] anothr, following, othr as wll as forign, alin, strang masculin singular adjctiv/substantiv Strong s #312 BDB #29 Translation:...from a kingdom to anothr popl. In Canaan, thr wr a numbr of indpndnt nations and popls. Almost all of thm wr wholly dgnrat, and som of thm blivd in and practicd child sacrific, which marks th hight of human dgnracy. Thy had not rachd this lvl of dgnracy whn Abraham was in th land, but by th tim that Moss rturnd to th land of Canaan, ths godlss mn had bcom animals. Application: Dgnracy taks tim. W s this in th radical Muslims, who wnt from bing quit moral and lgalistic (lik th majority of Muslims in th US), to bcoming radicalizd to whr a hug numbr of thm would radily clbrat th martyr dath of thir son or daughtr, at any ag, and would willingly influnc thm in that dirction. That is dgnracy. W had a rcnt incidnt in Bouldr, Colorado, whr spakrs from Californian spok to a high school thr, and spok about xprimnting with sx (homosxual as wll as htrosxual), xprimnting with unprotctd sx, and taking drugs all during a rqui school assmbly. 30 yars ago, such a thing would hav had almost vry parnt in that school district up in arms and calling for th hads of th principal and all thos involvd. At this point in tim (2007, in th following school yar), insofar as I know, all rlvant school prsonnl ar still mployd. That is dgnracy. W hav a hug numbr of institutions which allow minors to rciv abortions without parntal consnt. Thr is a clinic associatd with a junior high school

75 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls which will distribut birth control pills to childrn as young as 11 without informing th parnts and yt th school nurs would not dol out a singl aspirin without parntal prmission and provision. That is dgnracy. Th Unitd Stats has gon from bing an xtrmly moral and nobl nation on th whol (th World War II gnration) to a vry dgnrat, slf-cnt st of gnrations (bginning with my gnration on down to th prsnt). 33 Application: Now, what w do hav is a significant pivot. Whras, you can go to almost any high school in th US and ask any random studnt, what do you ow your country, and that studnt will b ithr nonplussd or h will rail against such a notion; thr ar still thos who undrstand th gratnss of th Unitd Stats and ar willing to fight and di for our nation. It is this pivot of patriotism, and, far mor importantly, th pivot of blivrs with doctrin in thir souls, which prsrvs our nation. Jsus told His discipls You ar th salt of th arth; maning that, blivrs ar th prsrvrs of a nation, as salt is a prsrvativ. God continus to blss our nation and on of th rasons is th pivot of matur blivrs. Th point hr is that this small family did not vn do what would hav bn xpctd. If God gav thm this land, human viwpoint would say that thy would hav to rmain in th land and to incras thir population trmndously. Instad, th gnrations of th family of Abraham movd from plac to plac, finally laving Canaan for Egypt, as Josph ruld in Egypt. Most of Gn :1 rcos th movmnts of Abram; Gn. 26 th movmnt of Isaac; and Jacob s in Gn. 28 and 31. And God said to Abram, Know for crtain that your dscndants will b strangrs in a land that is not thirs, and thy will b nslavd and opprssd four hund yars. But I will also judg th nation whom thy will srv. (Gn. 15:13 14a). This psalm is to b takn chronologically, thn this vrs taks in a wid window of history and th following vrss amplify that viw. Sinc th psalmist rfrs to th moving around of th patriarchs from nation to nation, and from on kingdom to anothr group of popl, it might b somwhat instructiv to s thir movmnts. Abraham s Journys Scriptur Trah took Abram his son, Lot th son of Haran, his son's son, and Sarai his daughtr-in-law, his son Abram's wif. Thy wnt forth from Ur of th Chalds, to go into th land of Canaan. Thy cam to Haran, and livd thr (Gn. 11:31). Incidnt Abram and Lot wr takn as an xtndd family from Ur to Haran. I don t know that th xact rout shown blow is accurat, but it is crtainly a rasonabl approach. 33 This is a trm coind by R. B. Thim Jr., rfrring to blivrs who ar growing spiritually within a nation. Th concpt of a pivot is found in Gn. 18:23 33, whr th rightous simply rfrs to Lot and his family. In fact, in that passag, Abram was rasoning with God concrning blivrs, matur or not.

76 Psalm Abraham s Journys Scriptur Now Yahwh said to Abram, "Gt out of your country, and from your rlativs, and from your fathr's hous, to th land that I will show you. I will mak of you a grat nation. I will blss you, and mak your nam grat. You will b a blssing. I will blss thos who blss you, and I will curs him who curss you. In you will all of th familis of th arth b blssd." So Abram wnt, as Yahwh had spokn to him. Lot wnt with him. Abram was svnty-fiv yars old whn h dpartd out of Haran. Abram took Sarai his wif, Lot his brothr's son, all thir substanc that thy had gath, and th souls who thy had gottn in Haran; and thy wnt forth to go into th land of Canaan. Into th land of Canaan thy cam. Abram passd through th land to th plac of Shchm, to th oak of Morh. Th Canaanit was thn in th land. (Gn. 12:1 6). H lft from thr to th mountain on th ast of Bthl, and pitchd his tnt, having Bthl on th wst, and Ai on th ast. Thr h built an altar to Yahwh, and calld on th nam of Yahwh. Abram travld, going on still towa th Ngv. Thr was a famin in th land. Abram wnt down into Egypt to liv as a forignr thr, for th famin was sor in th land (Gn. 12:8 10). Abram wnt up out of Egypt: h, his wif, all that h had, and Lot with him, into th Ngv. Abram was vry rich in cattl, in silvr, and in gold. H wnt on his journys from th South vn to Bthl, to th plac whr his tnt had bn at th bginning, btwn Bthl and Ai, to th plac of th altar, which h had mad thr at th first. Thr Abram calld on th nam of Yahwh. (Gn. 13:1 4). Lot liftd up his ys, and saw all th plain of th Joan, that it was wll wat vry whr, bfor Yahwh dstroyd Sodom and Gomorrah, lik th gan of Yahwh, lik th land of Egypt, as you go to Zoar. So Lot chos th Plain of th Joan for himslf. Lot travld ast, and thy sparatd thmslvs th on from th othr. Abram livd in th land of Canaan, and Lot livd in th citis of th plain, and movd his tnt as far as Sodom (Gn. 13:10 12). Incidnt God told Abram to lav his family and continu to mov wst into th land which God would giv to him and his dscndants. Abram sttls in Shchm. As abov, th xact rout is not statd in this passag, so th rout shown on th map blow is rasonabl. Abram movs to Bthl and thn down into Egypt. Bthl is not shown on th map blow, but it is roughly halfway btwn Shchm and Jrusalm. Th Ngv is th ara south of th Promisd land; it is th dsrt ara btwn Egypt and Isral (roughly spaking) Th Ngv is th dsrt ara btwn Egypt and th Land of Promis. It appars as though Abram had bn movd down to Egypt in or to tst him. Sodom and Gomorrah ar locatd nar th southrn tip of th Dad Sa. Lot chos this ara to liv in; whil God promisd Abraham a hug ara would b givn to him and to his dscndants.

77 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Abraham s Journys Scriptur Yahwh said to Abram, aftr Lot was sparatd from him, "Now, lift up your ys, and look from th plac whr you ar, northwa and southwa and astwa and wstwa, for all th land which you s, I will giv to you, and to your offspring forvr. I will mak your offspring as th dust of th arth, so that if a man can numbr th dust of th arth, thn your sd may also b numb. Aris, walk through th land in th lngth of it and in th bradth of it; for I will giv it to you." Abram movd his tnt, and cam and livd by th oaks of Mamr, which ar in Hbron, and built an altar thr to Yahwh (Gn. 13:14 18). Incidnt This is an intrsting passag. God tlls Abram to walk through th land of Canaan, and Abram movs his tnt to Hbron. It is unclar whthr Abram walkd throughout th land of Promis at this tim. Othr than th rscu mission namd blow, w do not har of any spcific movmnt of Abram for svral chaptrs. Furthrmor, w har of his location by th oaks of Mamr in Gn. 13:18 14:13 18:1, which suggsts no movmnt.

78 Psalm Abraham s Journys Scriptur An army ld by a coalition of king took all th goods of Sodom and Gomorrah, and all thir things, and wnt thir way. Thy took Lot, Abram's brothr's son, who livd in Sodom, and his goods, and dpartd. On who had scapd cam and told Abram, th Hbrw. Now h livd by th oaks of Mamr, th Amorit, brothr of Eshcol, and brothr of Anr; and ths wr allis of Abram. Whn Abram ha that his rlativ was takn captiv, h ld forth his traind mn, born in his hous, thr hund and ightn, and pursud as far as Dan (Gn. 14:11 14). Abraham travld from thr towa th land of th Ngv, and livd btwn Kadsh and Shur. H livd as a forignr in Grar (Gn. 20:1). Abraham livd as a forignr in th land of th Philistins many days (Gn. 21:34). Incidnt This is a fascinating passag, which follows th war btwn kings in Gn. 14:1 10. Abram apparntly has dvlopd som frinds in his gnral ara including, surprisingly, th Amorit. This passag also includs what is calld a gloss. Thr was no such thing as Dan for svral hund yars, and th Dan which is spokn of is not stablishd until th tim of th Judgs, whn th trib of Dan taks ovr a small ara in northrn Isral. So, at som point in tim, somon changd th txt hr from whatvr this ara was calld to Dan. Th lin in th map abov btwn Hbron and Damascus is probably th rout which Abram took. It is possibl that, in this rscu, Abram savd a young man from Damascus, who is namd Elizr (Gn. 15:2). If you compar th maps, Abram movd southsouthast. H apparntly was wll stablishd in Hbron, so that whn h movd to Grar, h was in an ara whr w would now b consid an outsidr. Lik Dan abov, this may b a gloss. In Gn. 10;14, w find out who th Philistins ar dscndd from and this vrs dos suggst that thy wr a forc during th tim of Abraham. It might b intrsting to not that, this map to th lft dos not includ all of th land givn to Abraham s dscndants from God. Th land mass gos from th rivr of Egypt (probably th Nil) all th way to th Euphrats Rivr (Gn. 15:18). So, th larg map abov givs us a good ida as to how much land God will giv to th Jws.

79 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Abraham s Journys Scriptur H said, "Now tak your son, your only son, whom you lov, vn Isaac, and go into th land of Moriah. Offr him thr for a burnt offring on on of th mountains which I will tll you of" (Gn. 22:2). So Abraham rturnd to his young mn, and thy ros up and wnt togthr to Brshba. Abraham livd at Brshba (Gn. 22:19). Sarah did in Kiriath Arba (th sam is Hbron), in th land of Canaan (Gn. 23:2a). Isaac and Ishmal, his sons, burid him in th cav of Machplah, in th fild of Ephron, th son of Zohar th Hittit, which is bfor Mamr, th fild which Abraham purchasd of th childrn of Hth. Thr was Abraham burid, with Sarah his wif (Gn. 25:9 10). Incidnt Abraham was not moving hr; this was th trip whr Abraham offrs up his own son to God as a shadow imag of Jsus Christ. It is suggstd that this might rfr to Golgotha in Jrusalm, which would suggst a 70 mil journy. Givn that this journy took 3 days (Gn. 22:4), such a distanc would b asy to covr, vn through occasionally difficult trrain. Abraham movd du ast mils. Nothing is said about Abraham and Sarah travling back to Hbron; howvr, obviously thy had to in or for Sarah to di thr. It is unclar whthr thy livd thr or wr hr on businss (or plasur). Hbron is du north from Brshba mils. Th tnor of this chaptr suggsts that Abraham rmaind in this ara aftr th dath of Sarah, as h now ownd land hr. Furthrmor, sinc Abraham is burid hr with his wif, that suggsts that h rmaind hr in Hbron for th rst of his days. An altrnat opinion is, Abraham, Sarah and Isaac continud to liv in th Ngv, but Abraham purchasd a burial cav in Hbron, whr h and his wif wr vntually laid to rst. Th rason that all of this sounds confusd is, Isaac will apparntly b living in th Ngv and his mothr s tnt will b thr as wll, as w s in th nxt doctrin. Som of you hav childrn, and you clbrat Christmas and birthdays. Now, if you hav not compltly spoild or scrwd up your childrn, on of th most plasurabl things for a parnt is to giv thir childrn prsnts on ths days, and thn to sit back and watch thm opn up th prsnts and play with thm. God did not simply promis to giv Abraham and his progny th land of Canaan; God also had Abraham walk through this land, to gt a fl for it. This first xcllnt map cam from (as you xamin this doctrin, you may find it bnficial to opn up this map in your browsr for asy rfrnc). Th scond map coms from (Grar) Rturn to Chaptr Outlin Rturn to Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Abraham appa to do most of th travling, and God apparntly did this to giv him an ida as to th amount of land that his dscndants would somday own. I did not includ Gn. 24 blow whr Abraham s srvant wnt up to Msopotamia to ftch Isaac s wif for him, as this is not rally a trip mad by any of th patriarchs.

80 Psalm Th Movmnts of th Othr Patriarchs Scriptur Isaac cam from th way of Br Lahai Roi. For h livd in th land of th Ngv...Isaac brought Rbkah into his mothr Sarah's tnt, and took Rbkah, and sh bcam his wif. H lovd hr. Isaac was comfortd aftr his mothr's dath. (Gn. 24:62, 67). It happnd aftr th dath of Abraham, that God blssd Isaac, his son. Isaac livd by Br Lahai Roi (Gn. 25:11). Commntary In Gn. 25:9 10, both Isaac and Ishmal will bury thir fathr Abraham in Hbron. Howvr, what appars to b th cas is, Isaac has bn living in th Ngv, just outsid of Br Lahai Roi. On xplanation is, Isaac movd thr possibly aftr his mothr s dath but bfor his fathr s dath. H inhritd th tnt of his mothr, which is spokn of in Gn. 24:67. This appars to b supportd by Rbkah comforting Isaac aftr his mothr s dath, spokn of in th sam vrs. Anothr xplanation is, Abraham and his family wr living in th Ngv, but Abraham chos to purchas a burial plot up in Hbron (howvr, Sarah is said to hav did thr in Hbron). A thi xplanation is, Abraham had stablishd a ranch in th Ngv as wll as in Hbron and Isaac ovrsaw th southrn ranch (or Abraham rtaind or latr stablishd a scond rsidnc in Hbron). Abraham was a succssful ranchr, and stablishing two aras of rsidnc is not out of th qustion, whthr that was commonly don in thos days or not. Thr was a famin in th land, bsids th first famin that was in th days of Abraham. Isaac wnt to Abimlch king of th Philistins, to Grar. Yahwh appa to him, and said, "Don't go down into Egypt. Dwll in th land which I will tll you of. Sojourn in this land, and I will b with you, and will blss you. For to you, and to your sd, I will giv all ths lands, and I will stablish th oath which I swor to Abraham your fathr. I will multiply your sd as th stars of th sky, and will giv to your sd all ths lands. In your sd will all th nations of th arth b blssd, bcaus Abraham obyd my voic, and kpt my charg, my commandmnts, my statuts, and my laws." Isaac livd in Grar (Gn. 26:1 6). Thr was a famin in th Ngv, and Isaac was tmptd to tak his family (which now includd his two sons, Jacob and Esau) down to Egypt. Howvr, God told him to rmain in th Ngv, so h sttld in Grar, a Philistin city.

81 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Th Movmnts of th Othr Patriarchs Scriptur Isaac sowd in that land, and rapd in th sam yar on hund tims what h plantd. Yahwh blssd him. Th man grw grat, and grw mor and mor until h bcam vry grat. H had possssions of flocks, possssions of hs, and a grat houshold. Th Philistins nvid him. Now all th wlls which his fathr's srvants had dug in th days of Abraham his fathr, th Philistins had stoppd, and filld with arth. Abimlch said to Isaac, "Go from us, for you ar much mightir than w." Isaac dpartd from thr, ncampd in th vally of Grar, and livd thr Gn. 26:12 17). Isaac wnt up from thr to Brshba (Gn. 26:23). Isaac calld Jacob, blssd him, and commandd him, "You shall not tak a wif of th daughtrs of Canaan. Aris, go to Paddan Aram, to th hous of Bthul your mothr's fathr. Tak a wif from thr from th daughtrs of Laban, your mothr's brothr [So] Isaac snt Jacob away. H wnt to Paddan Aram to Laban, son of Bthul th Syrian, Rbkah's brothr, Jacob's and Esau's mothr...jacob wnt out from Brshba, and wnt towa Haran (Gn. 28:1, 2, 5, 10). Commntary Isaac was gratly blssd, and apparntly bcam on of th most powrful mn in th city of Grar. For this rason, th Philistins harass him and thir king finally asks Isaac to mov. H did mov from th city of Grar to th Vally of Grar, which I would assum is rlativly clos. This was bcaus Isaac continud to hav problms with th Philistins and h disputd with thm ovr watr rights. What had happnd was, Esau marrid 2 Hittit womn, which had givn his mothr, Rbkah, no nd grif. Paddan Aram is north-northast from Brshba, around th Euphrats Rivr. It can b found on th larg map in th prvious doctrin. Jacob will rmain thr for 20 yars or so (Gn. 31:38), and his mothr will di in th mantim. Haran is a city in Paddan Aram. Jacob wnt thr by way of Bthl, accoing to Gn. 28: Jacob workd for his Uncl Laban for 14 yars, to scur th hands of Lah and Rachl, Laban s daughtrs. H continud to work for Laban whil 11 of his sons and at last 1 daughtr wr born to him by 4 diffrnt mothrs. Yahwh said to Jacob, "Rturn to th land of your fathrs, and to your rlativs, and I will b with you." Jacob fld with all that h had. H ros up, passd ovr th Rivr, and st his fac towa th mountain of Gilad (Gn. 31:3, 21). Jacob lavs Laban surrptitiously and Laban chass and catchs up to him at Gald, also calld Mizpah (Gn. 31:48 49). Aftr thir disputs ar rsolvd, Jacob continus towa th Land of Promis, angls of God spaking to him in Mahanaim (Gn. 32:1 2). Jacob sms to b travling along th ast sid of th Dad Sa, as h snds mssngrs ahad into Edom to spak with Esau, whom h still fars (Gn. 32:3 8). Jacob also prays to God about this in Gn. 32:9 12. Thn Jacob appars to ithr travl as far south as Sir; or, h and Esau mt at th northast cornr of th Dad Sa, both travling a fair distanc to gt thr (Gn. 33:14).

82 Psalm Th Movmnts of th Othr Patriarchs Scriptur So Esau rturnd that day on his way to Sir. Jacob travld to Succoth, built himslf a hous, and mad shltrs for his cattl. Thrfor th nam of th plac is calld Succoth. Jacob cam in pac to th city of Shchm, which is in th land of Canaan, whn h cam from Paddan Aram; and ncampd bfor th city (Gn. 33:16 18). Commntary Jacob and Esau sttld thir diffrncs, and Jacob thn sttld in Shchm. Succoth and Shchm ar nar on anothr, clos nough for Jacob to build a prmannt rsidnc in on, but st up a ranch in anothr. It is possibl that Jacob sttld for a fw yars in Succoth and thn movd to Shchm, aftr gtting a fl for th gnral ara. It is also possibl that, Succoth is simply an ara on th outskirts of Shchm, namd by Jacob, vn though th map blow dsignats thm as diffrnt citis. Shchm and Succoth ar both in th cntr of this map and this indicats that Jacob most hav gon far south first, to sttl things with his twin brothr Esau, and thn h wnt up north to Shchm. This opns up a whol host of problms for m. If Jacob had gon down to Sir, thn h was rlativly clos to his fathr, Isaac, yt h movs northwa. I did suggst that h and Esau mt partway to Sir. In Shchm, Jacob is within travling distanc of his fathr, but h is still quit a distanc away. It is unclar why h did not rturn to his fathr. Howvr, bar in mind, that h has livd away from hom for mor than 20 yars. I am at a point in my lif whr I could rturn to th ara whr I was raisd; howvr, I bliv that God has placd m hr whr I prsntly liv.

83 Th Psalms and 1Chronicls Th Movmnts of th Othr Patriarchs Scriptur God said to Jacob, "Aris, go up to Bthl, and liv thr. Mak thr an altar to God, who appa to you whn you fld from th fac of Esau your brothr." Thn Jacob said to his houshold, and to all who wr with him, "Put away th forign gods that ar among you, purify yourslvs, chang your garmnts. Lt us aris, and go up to Bthl. I will mak thr an altar to God, who answ m in th day of my distrss, and was with m in th way which I wnt." Thy gav to Jacob all th forign gods which wr in thir hands, and th rings which wr in thir ars; and Jacob hid thm undr th oak which was by Shchm. Thy travld: and a trror of God was on th citis that wr round about thm, and thy didn't pursu th sons of Jacob. So Jacob cam to Luz, which is in th land of Canaan (th sam is Bthl), h and all th popl who wr with him (Gn. 35:1 6). Thy travld from Bthl. Thr was still som distanc to com to Ephrath, and Rachl travaild. Sh had ha labor. It happnd that, whn sh was in ha labor, that th midwif said to hr, "Don't b afraid, for now you will hav anothr son." It happnd, as hr soul was dparting (for sh did), that sh namd him Bn-oni, but his fathr namd him Bnjamin. Rachl did, and was burid in th way to Ephrath (th sam is Bthlhm) (Gn. 35:16 19). Commntary Two sons of Jacob, Lvi and Simon, killd a numbr of mn in th Shchm ara to avng thir sistr, who had bn rapd. This mad moving from thr a viabl option for th family of Jacob. Bthl is almost 30 mils du south of Shchm. W do not sm to hav a rason for this mov. It is not clar that God has told Jacob to mov; and th dath of his mothr s nurs may hav bn rlatd to why Jacob and family movd (s Gn. 35:8), as sh would hav bn lik a mothr to Jacob. W ar told in this sam passag that Rachl s nurs was burid blow Bthl

84 Psalm Th Movmnts of th Othr Patriarchs Scriptur Commntary Thr is som movmnt in this gnral north-south lin, which includs Succoth, Bthl, Bthlhm, Hbron and Brshba. Isaac sms to hav sttld in Brshba (Gn. 26:23), although 20 or mor yars hav passd sinc h movd thr. Whn Jacob rturns with his family, h first gos to Succoth and thn th Shchm (rcall, w do not know th xact rlationship btwn ths two placs) (Gn. 33:16 18). Aftr th rap incidnt in Shchm, God tlls Jacob to mov south to Bthl to liv (Gn. 35:1). Rbkah s nurs, Dborah, is burid blow Bthl (Gn. 35:8). This may b hr by way of information. Thn Jacob movs southwa, and his wif Rachl, givs birth to thir scond son, and dis during childbirth. Sh is burid in Bthlhm. Gn. 35: This brings us to Jacob s nxt mov. Jacob cam to Isaac his fathr, to Mamr, to Kiriath Arba (th sam is Hbron), whr Abraham and Isaac livd as forignrs. Th days of Isaac wr on hund ighty yars. Isaac gav up th spirit, and did, and was gath to his popl, old and full of days. Esau and Jacob, his sons, burid him (Gn. 35:27 29). What appars to b th cas is, Isaac had movd a littl north to Hbron, and that his sons cam thr to s him nar th nd of his lif. It is possibl that thy wnt thr at his dath. Th final mov is a sris of vnts st into motion by a numbr of sins, including favoritism and jalousy. Jacob clarly favors his last son, Josph, born to him by Rachl bfor sh did. His brothrs ar jalous of this and jalous of Josph s drams, which sm to indicat a closr rlationship to thir God. Josph vntually is sold into slavry to Egyptian royalty, which is th rsult of a long sris of vnts, whr h is sold and rsold as a slav. Gn. 37 nd Josph, through som unusual circumstancs, riss to a vry high position in Egypt, th 2 or 3 in command.