HISTORY & GEOGRAPHY Student Book

Transcription

1 HISTORY & GEOGRAPHY Studnt Book 2nd Grad Unit 3

2 Unit 3 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY HISTORY & GEOGRAPHY 203 Introduction 4 1. A Study of Govrnmnt... 9 What Is Govrnmnt? 10 Govrnmnt in th Bibl 11 Diffrnt Kinds of Govrnmnt 12 Slf Tst Crating a Govrnmnt Th Articls of Confdration 23 Th Constitution 25 Slf Tst Our Govrnmnt Thr Lvls of Govrnmnt 43 Th National Govrnmnt 48 Branchs of Govrnmnt 54 Slf Tst Symbols and Historic Placs LIFEPAC Tst Pull-out 1

3 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY Unit 3 Authors: Alan R. Dutton Rachll Wirsma Editors: Alan Christophrson Rachl Grack Mdia Crdits: Pag 4, 10: Tim Bors, istock, Thinkstock; 23: US Govrnmnt, Public Domain; 25: Comstock, Stockbyt, Thinkstock; 27: sv-tim, istock, Thinkstock; 28: giftlgacy, istock, Thinkstock; 30: Prtty Vctors, istock, Thinkstock; 31: Howard Chandlr Christy, Hous of Rprsntativs; 32: Tony Baggtt, istock, Thinkstock; 43: Stacy lynn Payn, Hmra, Thinkstock; 44: MdioImags/ Photodisk, Photodisk, Thinkstock; 50: Erhan tlik, Hmra, Thinkstock; 51: US Govrnmnt, National Archivs and Rcords Administration; 63: Jorg Villalba, istock, Thinkstock; 64: davidvision, istock, Thinkstock; LUNAMARINA, istock, Thinkstock. 804 N. 2nd Av. E. Rock Rapids, IA MMXVI by Alpha Omga Publications, a division of Glynlyon, Inc. All rights rsrvd. LIFEPAC is a rgistrd tradmark of Alpha Omga Publications, a division of Glynlyon, Inc. All tradmarks and/or srvic marks rfrncd in this matrial ar th proprty of thir rspctiv ownrs. Alpha Omga Publications, a division of Glynlyon, Inc., maks no claim of ownrship to any tradmarks and/or srvic marks othr than thir own and thir affiliats, and maks no claim of affiliation to any companis whos tradmarks may b listd in this matrial, othr than thir own. 2

4 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY Unit 3 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY What is ndd to form a nw govrnmnt? Who sts up th govrnmnt? What frdoms should th popl hav? What ky itms mak a govrnmnt good? In this unit, w will look at th forms of govrnmnt in th Bibl and thos of othr countris in th world. By studying ths govrnmnts, w can gt an ida for som of th building blocks that ar ndd to mak a govrnmnt succssful. Th writing of th Constitution was a big stp in Amrica s history. Many mn hlpd to writ it, and it was a hard job. Each of th stats wantd to s things in th nw govrnmnt. To agr, thy had to mt in th middl. This unit will tak a brif look at how our govrnmnt was formd and how parts of it work. 4 Introduction

5 Unit 3 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY Objctivs Rad ths objctivs. Thy will tll what you will b abl to do whn you hav finishd this LIFEPAC. 1. Explain th diffrnt kinds of govrnmnt. 2. Tll why th nw govrnmnt did not work undr th Articls of Confdration. 3. Discuss th work of th Founding Fathrs as thy wrot th Constitution. 4. Dscrib th thr lvls of govrnmnt. 5. Explain th goals that th Founding Fathrs wr stting in th Prambl to th Constitution. 6. Rcall th thr branchs of govrnmnt. Nw Words Ths words will appar in boldfac (darkr print) th first tim thy ar usd. approval ( somthing. pr oo v argumnt (är gy balanc (băl m l). Th act of agring with or accpting nt). A disagrmnt. ns). To hold qual; to kp qual powr. balanc of powr (băl ns ŭv pou r). Sharing powr so that no branch has mor powr than any othr branch. citizn (sĭt ĭ z n). A prson of a crtain country; if you liv in th Unitd Stats, you ar an Amrican citizn. Introduction 5

6 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY Unit 3 compromis (kŏm pr mīz). Sttling a problm in a way that ach sid givs up crtain things in ordr to rach an agrmnt. complicatd (kŏm plĭ kā tĭd). Not asy to undrstand; hard to xplain. Congrss (kŏng grĭs). Th nam givn to th two houss of th lgislativ branch; th Congrss includs th Hous of Rprsntativs and th Snat. county sat (koun tē sēt). Th town or city that srvs as th cntr of th county; plac of th county courthous. dlgat (dĕl ĭ gĭt). A prson who acts for anothr prson or group of popl. dscndant (dĭ sĕn d nt). Th childrn, grandchildrn, and so on of a family. dictator (dĭk tā t r). A rulr with complt control ovr a country. dictatorship (dĭk tā t r shĭp). A country ruld by a dictator. ncourag (ĕn kûr ĭj). To giv support or push somon to kp going. lct (ĭ lĕkt ). To pick by vot. xcutiv (ĭg zĕk y tĭv). Th branch of govrnmnt hadd by th prsidnt. fdral (fĕd r l). Th govrnmnt of an ntir country or nation. Fdralists (fĕd r lĭsts). Popl who agrd with th Constitution. founding (found ĭng). Th act of starting or crating somthing nw. 6 Introduction

7 Unit 3 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY fram (frām). Somthing that givs shap and support to a building, lik th bons of a building. framr (frā m r). Somon who maks up a nw plan or law or ida. gnration (jĕn rā sh n). All th popl born and living about th sam tim. judicial (j oo dĭsh l). Th branch of govrnmnt hadd by th Suprm Court. justic (jŭs tĭs). Fair tratmnt; also th word usd for a Suprm Court judg. kingdom (kĭng d m). A govrnmnt ruld by a king or qun. lgislativ (lĕj ĭ slā tĭv). Th branch of govrnmnt hadd by Congrss. lvl (lĕv l). A position of somthing. local (lō k l). Clos to hom; a prson s city, town, or villag. majority (m jôr ĭ tē). Th largr part of a group; at last mor than half of th total numbr. oppos ( pōz ). To b against or to disagr with somthing. prambl (prē ăm b l). An introduction. ratify (răt fī). To agr with somthing in a formal way. rfrnc (rĕf r ns). A not tlling whr to find somthing. rprsnt (rĕp rĭ zĕnt ). To act for somon ls; to stand in plac of anothr. Introduction 7

8 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY Unit 3 rprsntativ (rĕp rĭ zĕn t somon ls. rural (r oor tĭv). A prson who spaks or acts for l). In th country; outsid a town or city. sparation of powrs (sĕp rā sh n ŭv pou rs). Giving crtain powrs to ach branch so that ach on has its own jobs. support (s unanimous (y năn popl prsnt. pôrt ). To agr with publicly. m vto (vē tō). To rfus to pass a law. s). Complt agrmnt of all of th Main (part of Massachustts) Nw Hampshir Nw York Massachustts Rhod Island Conncticut Pnnsylvania Virginia Nw Jrsy Dlawar Maryland North Carolina Gorgia South Carolina THIRTEEN AMERICAN COLONIES IN 1775 Nw England colonis Middl colonis Southrn colonis Currnt stat bordrs 8 Introduction

9 Unit 3 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY 1. A STUDY OF GOVERNMENT Hav you and your frinds vr startd a club? You probably pickd a nam for your club. Prhaps you mad spcial ruls that vryon had to oby. Mayb you chos a ladr or club prsidnt. Som mmbrs had othr jobs, such as planning club activitis or taking nots at club mtings. At tims, your club mmbrs may hav disagrd. Mayb you took a vot to sttl th disagrmnt. You chos to do what th majority thought was bst. Your club had formd a simpl typ of govrnmnt. Words to Study dscndant (dĭ sĕn d a family. dictator (dĭk tā t dictatorship (dĭk tā t lct (ĭ lĕkt ). To pick by vot. fdral (fĕd r gnration (jĕn sam tim. kingdom (kĭng d nt). Th childrn, grandchildrn, and so on of r). A rulr with complt control ovr a country. r shĭp). A country ruld by a dictator. l). Th govrnmnt of an ntir country or nation. rā sh n). All th popl born and living about th m). A govrnmnt ruld by a king or qun. majority (m jôr ĭ tē). Th largr part of a group; at last mor than half of th total numbr. Sction 1 9

10 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY Unit 3 rprsnt (rĕp rĭ zĕnt ). To act for somon ls; to stand in plac of anothr. rprsntativ (rĕp rĭ zĕn t tĭv). A prson who spaks or acts for somon ls. Ask your tachr to say ths words with you. Tachr Chck Initial Dat What Is Govrnmnt? Part of a govrnmnt is th st of ruls and laws that tll popl how to liv and act. Govrnmnt also includs th popl who ar chosn as ladrs. Th ladrs mak sur th laws of th U.S. Capitol Building govrnmnt ar obyd. Thy work to hlp th popl liv togthr in pac. Th Unitd Stats has many govrnmnt ladrs. Som ladrs liv clos to you. Thy ar th mn and womn who govrn your town or city. Othrs work at your stat capital. Thy protct th laws of your stat govrnmnt. Still othrs gathr in Washington, D. C., th capital of th Unitd Stats. Ths ladrs hlp run our country. 10 Sction 1

11 Unit 3 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY Govrnmnt in th Bibl Th Bibl tlls about a govrnmnt God cratd. God s nation startd with Abraham. His family bcam th nation of Isral. God promisd to lad Abraham and his dscndants to a spcial land. Thy calld it th Promisd Land. As Isral grw, God chos ladrs for th popl. On of ths ladrs was Moss. God gav Moss th Tn Commandmnts. This st of laws hlpd th popl of Isral know how thy should liv. God gav th popl othr ruls, too. Som of ths laws can b found in th Book of Lviticus. In th Promisd Land (prsnt-day Isral), God chos judgs to rul th popl. Som of ths judgs includd Gidon, Dborah, and Barak. You can rad about ths ladrs in th Book of Judgs. Latr, th popl of Isral askd God to giv thm a govrnmnt lik th othr countris around thm. Ths countris wr ruld by kings. God listnd to th popl. H chos Saul to b thir first king. Isral bcam a kingdom and kpt this kind of govrnmnt for many yars. Circl th corrct answr. 1.1_ Th ladrs of Isral wr chosn by. a. th popl b. God c. Moss Sction 1 11

12 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY Unit 3 1.2_ 1.3_ 1.4_ Th first st of ruls givn to show th popl how to liv was th. a. Bibl b. Book of Judgs c. Tn Commandmnts In th Promisd Land, God first chos to rul ovr th popl of Isral. a. judgs b. prists c. prophts God listnd to th popl whn thy askd for a. a. prsidnt b. king c. prist Diffrnt Kinds of Govrnmnt Thr ar many diffrnt kinds of govrnmnt in th world. But thr typs of govrnmnt ar th most common. Ths govrnmnts ar kingdoms, dictatorships, and rprsntativ govrnmnts. Som govrnmnts combin diffrnt parts of ths thr forms. VOTE 12 Sction 1

13 Unit 3 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY Kingdoms Somtims, a king or qun lads th country. Ths royal rulrs usually blong to th sam family. A ladr is chosn in ach gnration. Whn on rulr dis, on of his or hr childrn bcoms th nw ladr. This typ of govrnmnt is calld a kingdom. At on tim, Amrica was ruld by a king. But th Amrican colonists dcidd thy did not want to b ruld this way. Thy fought th Rvolutionary War so that thy could choos a diffrnt typ of govrnmnt. Rad th following sntncs. Circl corrct if th sntnc is right or incorrct if th sntnc is wrong. 1.5_ 1.6_ Thr common forms of govrnmnt ar kingdoms, dictatorships, and rprsntativ govrnmnts. corrct incorrct Kings and quns nvr blong to th sam family. corrct incorrct Sction 1 13

14 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY Unit 3 SELF TEST 1 Each answr = 1 point Circl th answr that bst fills in th blank. 1.01_ God s nation startd with. Moss Gidon Abraham 1.02_ Th first st of ruls that God gav to His popl was th. Book of Judgs Tn Commandmnts Bibl Circl Tru if th statmnt is corrct (right) and Fals if th statmnt is incorrct (wrong). 1.03_ 1.04_ 1.05_ 1.06_ 18 Sction 1 God first chos judgs to rul ovr th popl of Isral. Tru Fals Th kind of govrnmnt that th Unitd Stats has is a kingdom. Tru Fals Th popl of Isral askd God for a dictator to rul ovr thm. Tru Fals God listnd to His popl and gav thm th rulr thy wantd. Tru Fals

15 Unit 3 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY Put th lttr of th corrct answr in th blank to finish th sntnc. a. dictatorship b. kingdom c. rprsntativ d. prsidnt. dictator 1.07_ 1.08_ Each ladr usually blongs to th sam family in a. Th ladrs ar lctd by th popl in a govrnmnt. 1.09_ Th popl usually hav littl frdom in a _ 1.011_ Th ladr of a rprsntativ govrnmnt is oftn calld a. A ladr who has complt control ovr a country is calld a. Sction 1 19

16 A NEW GOVERNMENT FOR A NEW COUNTRY Unit 3 Draw a lin from th statmnt to th corrct answr somon who acts for a. govrnmnt anothr b. rprsntativ ruls and laws that tll c. majority popl how to liv d. God Early ladrs of Isral wr chosn by th largr part of a group Tachr Chck Initial Dat My Scor 20 Sction 1

17 HIS0203 Fb 17 Printing 804 N. 2nd Av. E. Rock Rapids, IA ISBN