The Journey of Ibn Battuta

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Lester Bernard Horton
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1 The Journey of Ibn Battuta THE JOURNEY Type of account (primary/ secondary, letter, diary, etc.) Home region/country of the traveler Purpose of the journey/dates Success/failure of the journey as related to its purpose. Sponsors of the trip, if any On board what type of boat* What types of navigational technology were available to mariners on this trip?* Dangers encountered primary Morocco Went on Hajj in 1325 when he was 20 years old His journey was a success but he continued to travel after his studies were complete There was a governor who helped him by providing with company and goods for his trip jalba Stem-rudder, compass In India, there was a group of bandits who had tried to rob him but failed. In return, Ibn and his companions killed 13 members of that raid PLACES VISITED Places visited, marked on a map Notable geographic features Strategic importance Natural resources available there Manufactured goods in use/for sale Gobi Desert, Red Sea, Persian Gulf Ibn shared information about marketable goods each region had Coco Palms, Rice, bananas, coconuts, cotton, pepper Calico from Calicut

2 Goods traded/exchanged on the journey Cotton, spices PEOPLE ENCOUNTERED Customs, hospitality, trustworthiness Provincial or cosmopolitan? Representing diversity, if so how? One governor provided Ibn with goods such as alms of gold and woolen clothes Cosmopolitan, he was involved and received as a guest in courts He went to various different countries and never stayed in one settlement, he was constantly moving because of his love of travel so he met a lot of people of cultures different than him PRIMARY SOURCE** Tone of the account (factual, persuasive, fantastical) Ethnocentric? Does the narrator believe his own society superior to others? Can we trust that the account given is factual, in whole or in part? Why or why not? most of the account is filtered through his bias, so events are factual but descriptions are usually skewed Battuta was ethnocentric and believed other civilizations were either right or wrong depending on muslim traditions broken or preserved We can t because Ibn tended to filter through his own fantasies the information he wrote down. Some of it is inconsistent were other accounts of that time period. ASSESSMENT How might the experiences of this traveler been useful to others living at the same time period?* How is information supplied by this traveler useful to historians today?* His journal provided information about other regions so travelers had an idea of what to expect. They are able to study the past and how different areas were based on his account of views. The Journey of Marco Polo THE JOURNEY Type of account (primary/ secondary, letter, diary, etc.) primary, diary

3 Home region/country of the traveler Purpose of the journey/dates Success/failure of the journey as related to its purpose. Sponsors of the trip, if any On board what type of boat* What types of navigational technology were available to mariners on this trip?* Dangers encountered Venice, Italy Help fulfill his father s task presented by Kublai Khan, by bringing back some Christian priests and holy oil. Also wanted to find spices not available in Italy. Success because he went to Asia and got spices he wanted. He also found a shortcut through Asia that led him to China. Failure because he ended up imprisoned. Marco s father and Rusticello Junks Stem-rudder Dangerous Animals, raiders/pirates, jail PLACES VISITED Places visited, marked on a map Notable geographic features Strategic importance Maldives Natural resources available there Manufactured goods in use/for sale Goods traded/exchanged on the journey cloth, pottery spices, cotton, gold, silk, cowrie shells

4 PEOPLE ENCOUNTERED Customs, hospitality, trustworthiness Provincial or cosmopolitan? Representing diversity, if so how? Marco didn t think anyone was really trustworthy, didn t like the local rulers. He saw many regions He visited Eastern Asia and represented diversity due to being of a different race PRIMARY SOURCE** Tone of the account (factual, persuasive, fantastical) Ethnocentric? Does the narrator believe his own society superior to others? Can we trust that the account given is factual, in whole or in part? Why or why not? Factual Ethnocentric, believed that Europeans were superior to other cultures His writing was descriptive and factual, as it concurs with many other sources from that time period. ASSESSMENT How might the experiences of this traveler been useful to others living at the same time period?* How is information supplied by this traveler useful to historians today?* Marcho s account would ve provided a good informational content for European perspective of the Eastern Hemisphere of the world. Historian s can see the trading perspective of a maritime trader The Journey of Zheng He THE JOURNEY Type of account (primary/ secondary, letter, diary, etc.) Home region/country of the traveler primary source born in Kunyand district Purpose of the journey/dates Purpose was to go on voyages with his fleet of ships, had different purposes for each voyage; example one is Calicut to get spices. Success/failure of the journey as related to its purpose. All were a success, mainly trading expeditions rather than insightful journeys

5 Sponsors of the trip, if any On board what type of boat* What types of navigational technology were available to mariners on this trip?* Dangers encountered Emperor Treasure ship Compasses Encountered a pirate ship, bu Zheng He defeated the crew easily and moved on PLACES VISITED Places visited, marked on a map Notable geographic features Strategic importance Natural resources available there Manufactured goods in use/for sale Goods traded/exchanged on the journey PEOPLE ENCOUNTERED Customs, hospitality, trustworthiness Provincial or cosmopolitan? Representing diversity, if so how? Emperor Yongle trusted Zheng because Zheng was a loyal servant He was a cosmopolitan Traveled to western Asia (India) so his race was different than the norm

6 PRIMARY SOURCE** Tone of the account (factual, persuasive, fantastical) Ethnocentric? Does the narrator believe his own society superior to others? Can we trust that the account given is factual, in whole or in part? Why or why not? factual No, he was mainly going on trading expeditions No proof that the trading expeditions every happened, so not entirely trustworthy, but still taken as fact ASSESSMENT How might the experiences of this traveler been useful to others living at the same time period?* How is information supplied by this traveler useful to historians today?* Information about trading regions Use this data to compare who found America first Online Reflection (Submit in the Discussion Thread):

7 Medieval Era, 300 C.E. to 1450 C.E. Networks of Exchange Across the Hemisphere. As you review the map, find evidence to support the following statements: Eastern Indian Ocean: In the eastern part of the Indian Ocean Chinese maritime trade grew, with exports of Chinese goods going out to the rest of the world, and some goods flowing into China via sea routes. Malay Peninsula and Southeast Asia The Malay and Southeast Asian regions were active in this time. Traders used the route to China through the Strait of Malacca, and several shipwrecks show the huge quantity of goods that flowed through. India, Hinge of Indian Ocean Trade India was the central hinge for trade in the medieval era. On the Malabar and Coromandel coasts, in Gurajat in the northwest, and Bengal in the northeast, colonies of traders from an astonishing mix of places gathered to trade Western Indian Ocean In the western part of the Indian Ocean, the spread of Islam encouraged trade and created opportunities as it spread a universal belief system, Arabic language, and system of law... The Muslim lands, with their growing cities, were wealthy and demand for goods of all kinds was high.like the Chinese at the time, science, learning and the arts were prized The Coastline of East Africa Arab and Persian traders stopped at ports in the growing East African city-states, where a Swahili, or coastal, culture combined African, Islamic and regional influence. Goods North into Europe Trade on the Red Sea and the Arabian (Persian) Gulf linked to land routes and the Mediterranean trading system. Byzantine, Persian, and Italian traders carried goods into the western and northern lands. Ships and Navigation Ships and navigation flourished during this time, with many inventions spreading with the circulation of goods and people. THE QUESTIONS ABOVE ARE IN A DISCUSSION (ALREADY GRADED).

Indian Ocean Trade. Height C.E.

Indian Ocean Trade. Height C.E. Indian Ocean Trade Height 800 1400 C.E. Key Vocabulary: Zanj Arab name for the people of East Africa Monsoons the seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southern Asia, blowing from the southwest in summer