Published quarterly by T h e Holland SocietyJ>{".New"York

Transcription

1 Publshed quarterly by T h e Holland SocetyJ>{".New"York mm>m NEW. YORK, JANUARY, 1924 KINGSTON DINNER DECEMBER I 5 g ^ 2 3 No. 2 Frut Salad wth' Mayonnase Dressng, Pneapple Ice Cream -Macaroons Lady F n g e J Cheese and Crackers^-" ^^H3em Tasse A t the Eagle Hotel, Kngston, W0gf-_ on Saturday evenng, DecemberAmk 1923, the Trustees of the Socety and the members lv-,? c e - P resdent -Turck, presdng as toast-, ng rmllster County met at ^ d n n e r arranged master, ntroduced the speakers of the evenby the Trustees for the purpose of dscussng ng. Presdent De Wtt Van Buskrk spoke the nsttuton of an Ulster County branch of of the great d e s ^ w h c h the Trustees had for the S o c e t y. ^ T h e ; followng persons were an Ulster" County branch of the Socety by present: Members Presdent, De Wtt Van reason of ther nterest -n. the Dutch hstory of Busjfejlpf 'TrSalurer, Charles L. Schenck; Sec- the county and Ke mportance to the Socety retarj^ferederc R. Keator; Trustees, Tuns G. of occupyng ths feld so flled wth Dutch Bergen, Edward D e Wtt, F r a n k Hasbrock^ tradton. (Sofarles^^p:: Schenck, t r e a s u r e r, Hehrw^D. Lott, James S. Polhemus, D r? g spoke of the success a t t ' a n e d S y the Long W l s ^ ^ P o u c ^ l r, Wllam A. Smonson, John Islah^pforanch and of the beneft "derved, not de C. Van Et1 n';/john E. Van Nostrand ^Vce- only by the general socety because of the npresdent for. Kngs County, Walter M. Mesercrease n membershrf.$heh resulted, but by olef S c e - P r e s d e n t for Ulster County t Wlthe members of the branch tself. Frederc R. lam jffvturck; Judge A. T. Clearwater, EdKeator,' Secretary;':^e;vewed the hstory "of w a r d ' De Wftt, Jr., Dr. Fenton B. Turck, Kngston : from ts settlement by the Dutch, and Theodore Brnk, Charles g. Ten. Broeck, dwelt njpoh the mportant role t played n the Byron J. Terwllger, Myron S. Teller, Bruyn Revoftf^n-and n the foundaton of the State Hasbrouck, Abram P. Lefevre, P e r r y Deyo, of N e w ; York. -Walter M. Meserole, VceClare e m W'oolsey, Phlp H. D v ^ p o s, Presdent for Kngs County, outlned the Tosep E. Hasbrouck, Jr.; Amos Van Etten,; structure of the Long Island branch, and spoke HenrJfB. Lefever, Clarence A- Hendrcks, Dr. glowngly of.what t had accomplshed. Judge Cornelus Van. Dyke. Hasbrouck. Won-Mem- Frank HasBSouck gave a^^acco ^:?Of the bers Rev. Lucas-. Boeve, Wlls G. Nash, Poughkeepse dstrct branch, whch has-.floure r a j ^. f e a n Ahden, E. Ots V a n Aken, H ^ l* ELed for more than thrty years, and -urged Vaflfteusen, Joel Brnk, Augustus H. Van the Ulster County members to set up "a smlar jb^j^'flc;. W. Wnne, George W. Van Anden, local' organzaton.. - J u d g e : A. T. Clearwater Jr4 John B. Stekelee, Geo.-J. Scafyyer; narrated the prncpal events n the hstory of T h e p n n e r was preceded by a recepton Kngston :f r.0t -:ts settlement and, lke-the Secwhch gave those present an Opportunty to retary, expatated upon the glorous part t had becomjs better acquanted. taken n^tbe Revoluton and the formaton'^fe the State. H e then dscussed the mmgraton^, MENU problem-of today and the danger from thel llteracy and low mental and physcal qualtes j j j Matttucks on Half Shell 6f a large percentage of such mmgranf 2snce ^Mrueen Olves Table C e l e the year Augustus H. Van B u r e n ^ n t r o gpf Salted Almonds duced as the author of '-'Ulster County'Jlffoder ^ ^ p s q u e of Tomato A u x Croutons, the Domnon of t h e Dutch," took ssue wth ^ p ^ l e d S p a n s h a c k e r e l Matre D'Hotel Judge Clearwater on the queston of danger Wjm,'Pommes Julenne %Zf&n llteracy among mmgrants and asserted 'Sweetbreads Glasse wth Mushrooms: that rh^ny/of the mmgrant founders of ths t'll Roast Maryland Turkey country:--were llterate. EMU WjhgSranberry-Sauce At the. concluson of the speakng fewas ^ p l a s h e d Potatoes 1 June Green Peas

2 THE HOLLAND SOCIETY OF N E p Y O R K 90 W E S T S T R E E T, ' ' ^ S ^ F Y O R K Telephone: R e c f ^ Presdent,"DEWITT VAN BUSKIRK 734 Broadway Bayonne, N. J. Secretary, FREDERIC R. KEATOR 90 West Street New York Treasurer, CHARLES L. SCH ENCK 181 Montague Street. BrookJpllfe7'. dent, J. W. Vreeland} Secretary a r d q r.eas moved that Vce-Presdent Turck be empowered to appont a commttee to take up the "urey C. G. Newkrk. A collaton was served at_". thereto se of - the matter of formng an Ulster County branch.' busness meetng..- Mr. Danel Van- Wnkle The moton was duly and trammousfecarread a paper upon the hstory p the old Berred. Vce-Presdent Turck later apponted as gen Church whch was enjoyed by hs audence.. such commttee Judge A. T. Clearwater,' ;Bxuyn Hasbrouck and Martn Cantne. Before clos--. These members then spoke nfotrmally^^ff ;E Hendrckson, R. A. Coykendall, j S p. New-: ng, the Rev. Lucas Boeve, mnster of the hstorc old Frst Dutch Church,!-:nvted those ^ r k y - j B ^ Van Alen and H. H. Brnkerhoff;: present from other places, who were remanng n Kngston over S u n d a y ^ t o attend the THE LONG ISLAND BRANCH OF THE mornng servces at hs church. A number of HOLLAND SOCIETY OF NEW YORK the out-of-town members dd so. The thrd "annual meetng and d n n e ; ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Long Island Branch was held a t the Brooklyn' Clubjf fr31 Remsen Street, Brooklyn, :N^ > on The Annual Infonllk Meetng or Smoker of November 21, 1923, j ;7- p. m<j pth-fp ; folthe Socety was held on Monday evenng, N o lowng n: attendance: :.Members Samuel- JD. vember 26, 1923, at 8 o'clock at the Hotel C o l l e M ; W a k e r : M, Meserole, C.'*:R. Van Etten^ A s t d ^ v Broadway andjptorty-fourth Street, ' A. Lloyd_Lott, Charles L.Sohenck, Henry D. New" York, wth an attendance of 'almost_ t w o : Lott, Erskne H. Lott. Fred J. Bergen, De hundred. Presdent Van Buskrk presded. H a r t Bergen, Jaques Van Bru:^^Jeremah R.. Mt, Walter M-. IVIeserole and Mr. Joseph F. Van Brunt, John F. Berry, Wdlard P. Smmons of the delegates of the Socety to the Schenck, Andrew; J. Onderdonk, W a l t e r S. celebraton of^the twenty-ffth annversary of Rapeljje, Alex. G. Brnckerhoff, Fraw^^K the nauguraton of H e r Majesty Wlhelrhha,-. Qunby, Benj. Tj Fan Nostrand,-Remsen JohnQueen of the Netherlands, related ther expeson, Phlp A. Benson, Wllam H. Kouwenrences at ths celebraton; ofvthe Queen's Slhoven, De Wtt P. Dutcher, Jol : -Bergen, p l p : Jublee.. Mrs. Joseph F. S m m o n w h o Regnald V. Bergen, Charles V. Rapelje, John represented the Socety of the Daughters of L. Vanderveer, Tmothy I. Hubbard, Jacob I. Holland Dames at the celebraton and who Bergen, Lous W. Van Gaasbeck l?;?fo was present n the balcony, was prevaled upon Almet R. Latson, Charles jjlflvan Etten, Dr. by Presdent Van Buskrk to gve her mpresedward E. Hcks, JamjjltlA: -Stewart, G. Fossons of the Queen and dd so: fpa charmng; ter Smth-,~Van Brunt Seaman, Charles S llvextemporaneous talk, whch was enthusastngston, "guest of John L. Vandervel j ; and cally receved by.those presentllpfovng pcjohn E. Van Nostrand, T r u s t e e ; De W t t V a n tures of the prncpal features, of -the celebrabuskrk, -Presdent,'and Frederc R. ' p l l a t o r, ton..taken. >JI1 The Hague and Amsterdam, Secretary. whch Mr. and Mrs. Smmons had brought At the busness meetng, after ; the -dnner back from Holland wth them and whch were, had been served, the followng offcers were were exceptonal nterestng, were shown; elected for one year: Presdent, Walter M. Meserole ; Vce-Presdents, Charles - A I J d e r and.andrew;;-j^qnderdo : ^S! : Secretary, De T H E TWELFTH ANNUAL MEETING OF H a r t Bergerj^P'reasurer-vHenry D. L:oJ THE HUDSON COUNTY (N. J.) MEMBERSAt the concluson of the electon, Walter -M: DECEMBER n Meserole, Presdent of the "Brancfe^^^^ce-" Presdent for Kngs County, presdng, c a l d On December,1923, at the Unon League upon./'presdent D e '. W t t Var- Buskrk and Glub> York Street, J e r s e y. Cty, - ^ ^ ^ f e t h e : Secretary Frederc R. Keator, who spoke?^s twelfth annual meetng" of the Hudson County forrbar^gfthe prncpal address of the evenbranch was held. The followng were present: ng Was.'made by Almet R. Latson, ;Asj&:,-of Presdent" C. G. Newkrk,-':^P'J;-" Brnkerhoff; the Brooklwp'Bar. D S j d w a r d E. -\fflcks, H. ;: H.--BrnkerhOff, R. H. Brnkerhoff, R. A Presdent of t f e New -England Socety b'f; Coykendall, C. E. Hendrckson,-^jl S. Newkrk, Brookly^palso spoke. Colored muscarfe : ; A. P. Newkrk, H, V. Newkrk, C. P. Op dyke,: tertaned the company durng t h e ^ r ^ f t g o R. 1 Sp, D. Van WnMe, T ; ME. Van Wnkle, the dnner. f l I! Vreeland, C m. Vreeland, Secretary J. W. Vreeland; R. J. Vreeland; B. T. Van Alen, J." NECROLOGY Van Cleef, P. Van TasselL, A ; Van Tassell a n d.elected ^^8 N. D. Wortendyke. Mar. 28, (889 Steplq^^hByleK...5f^^^^^^H ay R 1923 Letters of regret wh h had been receved Dec. 7, 1888 James J. Berge;I^^^^^^^;._._..Oct. 20, 1923 from Presdent De Wtt VarftBuskrk and Mar. 29, 1888 Ten Eyck D. W. V e e d e r ; ^ ^ ^ ^ S * a v Secretary Frederc R. K e a t o r were read.nov.:^;'l893 Lawrence Van Alstyn&...;J,.:.?J L Nov. 30;; (92JP f ftthe followng offcers, were elected : Pres-; Mar. 9. I9H Jesse ; F K C I u t e....? ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ g S e c. - 3J-raSa THE SEVENTEENTH INFORMAL MEETING

3 ELECTIONS At the regular quarterly meetng of the Trustees, held on December 18, 1923, the followng were elected as members of the Socety: October 20, 1923 Arthur S. Van WnKle, Bankng, 23 Mdland Avenue, Whte Plans, N. Y. By Charles L. Schenck and Henry D. Lott. ( / November 21, 1923 Edmund Waterbury Van Voorhs, Lawyer, 159 Home Avenue, Rutherford, N. J. By Wllam Van Wyck and Wllam Van Wyck. y/ November 27, 1923 Ellott Clarke Du Bos, Dredgng Contractor, 303 Garfeld Place, Brooklyn,. N. Y. By Walter M. Meserole and De Hart Bergen. %/ December Sy 1923 Tuns Eugene De Pew (Brother), Bank Treasurer, South Broadway, Nyack, N. Y. By Perre H. De Pew and Ralph Huyler De Pew. y December 15, 1923 Schuyler J. Bergen (Brother), Member N. Y. Stock Exchange, 622-A Thrd Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. By D e, Hart Bergen and F. I. Bergen. \/ December 8, 1923 George Alfred Sleght (Son), Vce-Presdent of Bank, Newark, N. Y. By Peter R. Sleght and Leon Wlson Van Deusen. v December 17, 1923 Myron Steadman Teller (Nephew), Archtect, Kngston, N. Y. By Wllam J. Turck and Frederc R. Keator. y December 17, 1923 Charles Rchard Van Etten (Son), Bulder, 51 Hawthorne Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. By Charles L. Schenck and De Wtt Van Buskrk. V December 17, 1923 Howard Hawkns Van Etten (Son), Bulder, 888 Carroll Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. By Charles L. Schenck and De Wtt Van Buskrk. December 17, 1923 Ten Eyck De Wtt Veeder, Jr. (Son), U. S. Naval Offcer, Greenwch, Vrgna. By Frederc R. Keator and J. de C. Van Etten. J December 17, 1923 Clarence A. Hendrcks (Son), Brck Manufacturer, 202 Washngton Avenue, Kngston, N. Y. By Theodore Brnk and Charles C. Ten Broeck. y December 17, 1923 Klaen Van Rensselaer ( S o n ), ' B r o k e r, ISO East 62d Street,- New York, N. Y. By Edward De Wtt and Edward De Wtt, Jr.. / December 18, 1923 de Wtt RapaYj'e (Nephew), Cvl Engneer, 982 Kenyon Avenue, Planfeld, N. J. By W. H. S. Demarest and Malcolm B. Dutcher. KINGSTON One of the earlest Dutch settlements of New Netherlands; durng the colonal perod one of the most promnent places n the colony of New York; the spot where the government of the State of New York was formed and erected and the frst captal of the State these facts n the hstory of any cty would be regarded as conferrng suffcent dstncton upon t. jwhen to them, however, must be arlded the fact that Kngston and Ulster County have retaned n ther populaton more of the orgnal/ Dutch stock and, therefore, more of ther characterstcs and customs, and have also retaned, as we beleve, more Dutch houses and buldngs of the colonal and Revolutonary perods than any other cty or county of the states now comprsed n what was New Netherland, they should have for those of Dutch blood more than ordnary nterest and regard. As early as 1614 the Unted New Netherland Co. establshed a fort or redoubt at the mouth of Rondout Creek, ths later name Rondout beng a corrupton of the word "redoubt." The localty was frst known by the Indan name Atharacton or Atkarkarton and a tradng post had been establshed there by the East Inda Company shortly before the fort was bult. Ths localty and ts subsequent settlement came to be known as Esopus. In 1652 Thomas Chambers, an Englshman; Mattys Hendrx, Chrstopher Davs and Johan De Hulter left Rensselaerswyck and settled at the Esopus, other settlers followng soon untl a small colony exsted. The dwellngs, however, were scattered and the Indans terrorzed the settlers to such an extent that they appealed to Drector-General Stuyvesant for assstance, statng that they, the colonsts, numbered some sxty or seventy people. Stuyvesant, wth an equal number of men, proceeded from New Amsterdam to Esopus n May, At a conference he argued wth and warned some ffty Indan warrors and nstructed the settlers to draw together from ther scattered hamlet, form a vllage and buld a stockade so as to protect themselves. Ths was done on the ste selected by Stuyvesant, now n the heart of Kngston, and n June, 1658, the stockaded vllage of Wltwyck was completed. In October of that year Stuyvesant was oblged to agan return to Esopus to pacfy the savages. In September, 1659, after a party of Dutch had ruthlessly shot some Indans who lay n a drunken stupor caused by brandy gven them by Chambers, the Indans more than fve hundred strong unsuccessfully assaulted the stockade and beseged t for three weeks. Prsoners captured outsde the fort were massacred. Stuyvesant at the head of an expedton agan went to Esopus, arrvng October 10, 1659, but returned at once on fndng the Indans had wthdrawn and after strengthenng the garrson. On November 28, 1659, he agan vsted the place, seekng to make peace, but the savages, afrad, would not meet hm. On March 18, 1660, he once more arrved at Esopus and was agan unable to confer wth the Indans, who had a few days before been harassed by the Dutch solders from the fort and were afrad to meet Stuyvesant. The latter salng to Fort Orange ssued on March, 25, 1660, a declaraton of war aganst the Esopus Indans. Ths s known as the frst Esopus War. It conssted of desultory skrmshes. The Indans soon sought peace. On July 9, 1660, Stuyvesant, wth Martn Kreger and Oloff Stevense Van Cortlandt, arrved at Esopus and on the 15th of July peace was concluded at a gatherng o the Indan sachems, the Drector and hs advsers, the nterpreter and all of the nhabtants of Esopus. By the terms agreed upon the Dutch were to have all the land of Esopus and the Indans were to vacate t. In August, 1659, Harmanus Blom, a dvnty student arrved from Holland. He preached two sermons and conferred wth the Indans outsde of the stockade. A church was at once organzed and the people called

4 Blom to be ther mnster. He returned to Holland, where he was ordaned, and n September, 1660, he entered upon hs mnstry at Esopus. On May 16, 1661, Stuyvesant as DrectorGeneral granted a formal charter to the people of Esopus, the order rectng that he had "erected the localty nto a vllage and gven t the name of Wltwyck, whereby t shall be called now and henceforward." The government, both judcal and admnstratve, was gven to a board of magstrates consstng of the Schout, who presded, and three schepens or aldermen. In judcal matters appeal lay n certan cases to the Drector-General and Councl, to whom also admnstratve orders were to be submtted for approval. Roeloff Swartwout was commssoned the frst schout, wth Evert Pels, Cornells Barentse Slecht and Aldert Heymans Roosa as schepens. The court frst met on July 12, 1661, n Wltwyck. About three mles nland from Wltwyck a new settlement named "Neuw Dorp," and later Hurley, had been begun. The resdents of Esopus, fearng further hostltes by the Indans, organzed a company of mlta, of whch Thomas Chambers was made captan. After a tme, however, the mlta was wthdrawn, only a small contngent beng left at the redoubt. The nhabtants of Wltwyck, becomng careless, went to ther work outsde of the stockade, whch was left unprotected. On June 7, 16,63, the savages, wthout warnng, havng entered the vllage n a frendly way whle less than a dozen men were wthn t, attacked the people, plundered the houses and set the vllage on fre. The few men wthn ressted untl renforcements from the felds drove the Indans out. In the massacre twelve men, four woman and two chldren were klled, eght men wounded, four women and four chldren taken prsoners and twelve houses burned. At Neuw Dorp, whch was wholly destroyed, there were three men klled; one man, eght women and twenty-sx chldren taken prsoners. Part of Wltwyck was not burned. The Drector-General mmedately sent a force of forty-two men, whch arrved at Rondout on June 13 or 14, On June 16 a party of solders- sent from Wltwyck to the redoubt for ammunton was attacked, but after a skrmsh brought ther wagons safely to Wltwyck wth a loss of one man klled and sx wounded. A number of Indans were slan. An expedton under Burgomaster Martn Kreger was quckly dspatched by Stuyvesant from New Amsterdam n two sloops, arrvng at the redoubt on July 4 and proceedng to Wltwyck, where.preparatons for war were made. A force of twenty solders and twelve Indans sent from Wltwyck on July 9, 1663, aganst the hostle Indans near Magdalen Island klled fve men and a woman and took four prsoners. The Esopus cheftan was among those klled. The Dutch lost one man klled and one btten by a snake. An expedton of ffty-fve men under Kreger, whch went out on September 3, 1663, surprsed and attacked an Indan fort, kllng the Indan chef, Pepequanehen, fourteen warrors, four women and three chldren and woundng many. Three solders were klled and sx wounded. Twenty-three Dutch prsoners were rescued and thrteen Indan men and women were captured The Indans were nactve durng the wnter of , and- n March, 1664, all of the Company's troops were wthdrawn from Wltwyck. The mlta under Captan Thomas Chambers were about one hundred n number. On May IS, 1664, at the Councl chamber n Fort Amsterdam, New Amsterdam, the sachems of several trbes, ncludng the chefs _ of the Esopus Indans, assembled wth the DrectorGeneral and other- Dutch offcals, ncludng Thomas Chambers of Wltwyck, and a treaty of peace was thereupon concluded. On August 27, 1664, New Amsterdam was surrendered by Stuyvesant to the Englsh under Colonel Rchard Ncolls, the commander of a fleet of four shps whch beleaguered the cty. Fort Orange and Wltwyck surrendered soon after to Colonel Cartwrght and hs command, sent by Ncolls to take possesson. In September, 1665, Governor Ncolls vsted Wltwyck and placed Captan Brodhead n command of the solders there, as chef offcer, Captan Chambers contnung n command of,, the mlta. The muncpal offces and form of government remaned the same. On October 7, 1665, at Fort James (the name the Englsh had gven to Fort Amsterdam) a treaty between the Governor and the Esopus Indans was made whch extended the terrtory at the Esopus over whch the Englsh ruled. Captan Brodhead and hs solders treated the Dutch settlers wth great severty, mprsonng ctzens for the smallest offense, such as celebratng Chrstmas accordng to the Dutch custom rather than the Englsh. The kllng of a ctzen by one of the solders and the threat of the solders to burn the vllage added fuel to the fre. Armed resstance by the ctzens threatened, but was obvated by a submsson of the complants to the Governor, who, Aprl 16, 1667, apponted a commsson of three to go to Esopus and determne the matter. The commsson held hearngs at Esopus for three clays. Captan Brodhead was suspended from command-and Sergeant Beresford succeeded hm. Four burghers were convcted of rot and banshed, but later were \ allowed to return. By the Treaty of Breda, concluded July , the provnce of New Netherland was surrendered formally by the Dutch to the Englsh. In 1668 Colonel Francs Lovelace replaced Ncolls as governor. On September 5, 1668, Governor Lovelace went to the Esopus. Whle there he ordered the dscharge of the garrson, the publc defense to be left to the ctzens. On September 9, 1669, n councl, t was so ordered and a commsson to regulate the affars of Esopus and New Dorp apponted. On September 25, 1669, the name of the town was changed by the. commsson from Esopus and Wltwyck to Kngston n complment to Governor Lovelace, whose mother's famly had a place at Kngston n Berkshre, England. The Commssoners located the ste of a new vllage, named t Marbletown, after the prevalng stone found there, and called the vllage, theretofore known as Neuw Dorp, Hurley, after the seat of Governor Lovelace's forebears on the Thames, England. In March, 1670, the boundares of the towns of Kngston, Marbletown and Hurley were

5 » ^ K r I u. I< 40 fr \ r-> " Y ^ ^"* ' >. * g> ^. _. * fxed and lots were dstrbuted to the dsbanded solders n the two new vllages. On October 16, 1672, the manor of Fox Hall was created from the "manson house" of that name and land owned by Captan Thomas Chambers, near Kngston, the patent whch he receved rectng as.the reason for the grant to hm hs notable servces durng the war aganst the Indans. In 1686 Governor Dongan ssued a new patent to Chambers, confrmatory of the frst. On July 30, 1673, the fort at New Amsterdam surrendered to the Dutch fleet of twenty-three vessels and the provnce of New York became agan a Dutch possesson. Captan x-\nthony Colve was made GovernorGeneral of the provnce. The name of Kngston was, by order of the Councl, changed to Swanenburgh. Schout and schepens were renstated there and elsewhere. In February, 1674, under a treaty of peace between Great Brtan and the Netherlands, New Netherland was restored to the Brtsh Crown, and on November 10, 1674, Governor Colve surrendered t to j Governor Edmund Andros, who mmedately replaced the Englsh offces and offcers at the E'sopus. On the accesson of Governor Dongan on August 28, 1683, by drecton of the Duke of York, the frst general assembly of the representatves of the freeholders o the provnce to consult, wth the Governor and Councl n the makng of laws for the provnce was called and met at Fort James, New York, on October 17, Henry Beeckman and Wllam Ashford were the representat'ves from Esopus. At ths assembly twelve countes were created, among them Ulster, named for the Irsh earldom of the Duke. In all, fourteen acts were enacted and approved by the Governor and Councl. On May 19, 1687, Governor Dongan granted a patent of an extensve tract of land to trustees named theren and ther successors, as a body corporate, for the beneft of the freeholders and nhabtant's of the town of Kngston. The trustees contnued to exst as a corporaton untl 1816 when they were dssolved. In hs report to the Prvy Councl n 1686 the Governor stated that the chef towns n the provnce were New York, Albany and Kngston at Esopus, all of the rest beng country vllages. Governor Edmund Andros vsted Kngston whle en route from Albany to New York by sloop n For a long perod of years the Albany and Schenectady fronters were ntermttently harassed by attacks by the French from Canada wth ther Indan alles. Ulster County furnshed ts quota of troops n the several expedtons of defense and offense whch were sent aganst them and whch met wth varyng degrees of success or falure. Comng to the so-called "French and Indan War,'' , we fnd the solders of Ulster Couny actvelj' partcpatng not only n guardng ther own county borders, but n the campagns aganst Crown Pont, relef of Fort Wllam Henry, attack on Fort Frontenac and probably other offensve movements. Upon the death of Leutenant-Governor De Lancey, on July 30, 1760, he was succeeded by Cadwallader Golden, senor member of the Councl and '1 resdent of Ulster Count}'. He removed to thfe Government House at Fort George, New York. Passng over the years mmedately precedng the Revoluton, the hstoran records that "nearly the entre populaton of Kngston (and the same may be sad of the whole county) entered determnedly and enthusastcally nto the support of the acton of the Contnental and Provncal Congresses," whch met n 1774 and subsequently. The agreement to mantan consttutonal rghts or artcles of general assocaton was sgned n June, 1775, by almost all of the male nhabtants of the county. In the town of Kngston fve hundred and sxty-fve persons sgned, as aganst only thrty-three who refused. The Revolutonary War havng commenced the Contnental Congress voted to nvade Canada at once, and requested the provnce of New York to supply four regments to be enlsted n the Contnental servce for sx months. The Thrd, or Ulster County, Regment, as t was called, was rased n Ulster and Orange countes, was commanded by Colonel James Clnton and conssted of ten companes. The unform of ths regment conssted of a gray coat wth green cuffs and facngs. The wastcoat was of Russa drllng, long, and reachng to the hps; the breeches were also of drllng and short to the knee; the stockngs were long, reachng to the knee, were woolen, and of home knttng; the shoes were low; they wore lnen cravats, and a low-crowned felt hat wth a very broad brm. The regments -were dstngushed from each other by the color of the coat and facngs. Assemblng at Albany these four New York regments n the brgade of General Rchard Montgomery were wth hm throughout hs Canadan campagn, and n the assault at Quebec when he fell, mortally wounded. They contnued there durng the terrble hardshp and sufferng of the severe wnter, returnng when the term of ther enlstment expred. Throughout the war Ulster County furnshed ts full quota of offcers and troops to the Colonal cause. In December, 1775, George Clnton was apponted brgader-general of tne mlta af Orange and Ulster countes, consstng of a brgade of four regments from Ulster County and fve from Orange CoUnty. The provncal conventon to prepare a consttuton for a state government met n Kngston at the court house on March 6, 1777, and on Aprl 20, 1777, the frst Consttuton of the State of New York was adopted by the conventon. On Aprl 22 t was read n front of the court house to the assembled nhabtants and members of the conventon. A Commttee or Councl of Safety of ffteen members was formed, to have full power untl the organzaton of the state government was completed. The followng judcal offcers were apponted: Robert R. Lvngston, chancellor; John Jay, chef justce; John S. Hobart and Robert Yates, pusne judges; Egbert-Benson, attorneygeneral, and these local offcers: Egbert Dumont, sherff; Lev Pawlng, frst judge; Derck Wynkoop, assocate judge; George Clnton, county clerk. At the electon held the same year George Clnton was elected frst Governor of the State and also elected Leutenant-Governor, whch latter offce he resgned. He accepted the governorshp, appeared before the Councl of Safety on July 30, 1777, and took both the oath of allegance and the oath of offce, whch were admnstered by the pres-

6 dert of the Councl, whch at once ssued a proclamaton declarng hm Governor. The frst court held under the Consttuton was convened by Chef Justce Jay n the court house n Kngston on September 9, 1777, when a grand jury was sworn and charged. The frst senate of the state met and organzed at the house n Kngston of Abraham Van Gaasbeek, whch stll stands and s now known as the Senate House. The frst assembly met and organzed at the publc house of Evert Bogardus, located at the northwest corner of Maden Lane and Far Street. Governor Clnton had hs chambers at the house of hs brother-n-law, Chrstopher Tappen, and there dscharged hs ordnary dutes as Governor. Thus Kngston became the frst captal of the State of New York. On October 16, 1777, Kngston was burned by Brtsh troops under command o MajorGeneral John Vaughan. The Brtsh fleet carryng about sxteen hundred men, under hs command, anchored off Esopus Island on the nght of October IS, and on the next mornng the nvadng force took the Amercan batteres or earthworks back of Ponckhocke, drvng out the defenders, one hundred and ffty n number, and then marched to the vllage of.kngston, where they burned all of the houses and barns except one house and one barn. The church, the court house and jal were consumed. Many of the houses and these publc buldngs were soldly bult of stone so that the walls remaned standng and they were rebult soon after the conflagraton. The court house, so restored, stood untl 1817 when t was torn down and the present stone court house on the same ste was completed n The present beautful edfce of the Frst Dutch Church was dedcated n 1852, and s the archtectural successor of the followng buldngs: The frst church, bult n 1661, wthn the stockade at the northeast corner of what s now Man and Wall Streets. Constructed of logs and sad to be "substantal and convenent." It' was burned on June 7, 1663, when the Esopus Indans burned the vllage, as prevously narrated, but was rebult on the same ste n A church bult n 1679 on the ste of the frst one. It was of stone, about 45x60 feet n dmensons and descrbed as "hghly fnshed and decorated wth staned glass, coats of arms, etc." It was dedcated about January 1, In 1721, Domne Vas beng mnster, the church havng been thoroughly repared, a small buldng was added to the front, called a "doop buys," whch was used as a lobby or anteroom for the entrance. In 1753 the chuch was enlarged and bult over: Ths was the church buldng whch was burned by the Brtsh n As rebult after the fre t was of massve constucton and remaned standng untl The preachng untl 1809 was n Dutch. The present bell of the church was cast n Amsterdam, Holland, and arrved n Kngston n 1794, replacng the bell whch was runed by the fre. It has been tolled for the fhneral of every Presdent of the Unted States, begnnng wth that of George Washngton. In the graveyard of the church rest the remans of George Clnton, a General of the Revoluton, seven tmes elected Governor of the State of New York and Vce-Presdent of the Unted States under both Jefferson and Madson. Eghty-one persons are bured beneath the floor of the church, whch was bult n the ancent' graveyard. In the vestbule of the church hangs a letter from General Washngton to the Consstory, wrtten when he vsted Kngston n November, 1782, n acknowledgement of ther address of welcome to hm. s "Hstory of Kngston.")