: Q OUMOh I. I ii S, Route 60, in triangle formed by Oakes, MacCorkle, and 7th Ave. 1 COUNTY. CODE I OWNERSHIP. Public Acquisition: 10 Occupied 8 Yes.

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1 u. r y m '47 '.!cl:,t Vr;:~,,la NATONAL 2EGlSTER OF HSTORC PLACES, K~r.aw;a j orm ~OSJO UNTED~TATES DEPARTMENT OF THE NTEROR 'Juy 969 NATONAL PARK SERVCE ""'"! :. \:\',,: NVENTORY NOMNATON FORM F92 :4.2s b;: 5::J ENTRY NUMC(F,+ SAC (Typc.ll cnlrcs complete applcable sectons) : Q OUMOh ~ANO/OR HSTORC: South Charleston Hound Crel or Creel Mound?.,JCATCN STREET 4NC NUMBER: 'CTY OR TOWN: S, Route 60, n trangle formed by Oakes, MacCorkle, and 7th Ave. South Charleston S TATE NAME. Cty of South Charleston STREET AND NUMBER: CODE COUNTY. 0 lo Process 2 Rcs:r~cted Unoccuped 3 Beng Consdered j n progress / L No U! PREsEN T USE (Check One or hrore as Approprate) 3 e 7 ; Agr~cultural 3 Government rz] Park 0 Transportaton C Comments r Conmercsal 0 ndustral 0 Prvate Resdence D Other (SpecfVl! a ~oucatonol 0 Mltary a Relg~ous / 2 Entcrto~nmcnt Museum 0 S ~~ent~c m /OWNER'S F4. OV~NER OF PROPERTY LJ 39 Fourth Avenue fa CTY OR TOWN. (COUHTHOUSL HCGSTRY OF OCEDS. CTC: STATE. West Vrgna ' u. " Kanawha County Courthouse, el z: STREET AND NUMBER: +! [Jest Vrus CLASSFCATON CTY OR CATEGORY Dstrtct a ~ ~ l dqj ~ Publc ~ ste TOWN: Q Structure Oblect Prvate 0 Bath 400 Quarrer Street, / QOSE STATE j CODE )?9 ACCESSaSZ ' OWNERSHP TG:~EPUSLC, Publc Acquston: 0 Occuped 8 Yes. '_ 0 preservataon work, dnrestr~ctea 4 nound Exploratons of the Bureau of Ethnology : 8 *,DATE OF SURVEY: Q Federal 0 State County C ocol <';; 8DEPOSTORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: Smthsonan nsttuton 3," STREET AND NUMBER: CTY OR TOWN: Washngton st f/:!,. L T 2, 3 Z ' CODE r ' o Dstrct of Columba * 7, ' T

2 (Chock One) CONDTON DESCROE THE PRESENT AND 0 Good 0 Far Dotororotod 0 Runs 3 Unoxpoaod (Chock 0.0) Altered 0 Unaltorod ORGNAL (f known) PHYSCAL APPEARANCE (Chock Ono) n Moved a Orgr.0 Sto rhe orgnal Crel Mound, located n a muncpal park n downtown South Char leston, was 40 feet hgh and 525 feet n crcumference, the base beng almost a perrect Lrcle. Some tme pror to 883, when The Smthsonan nsttuton began excavaton, the top of the mound was leveled to accommodate a small bandstand on a 40 foot dameter flat top. At the tme Colonel Morrs began excavatons, the sound had thus been reduced to 33 feet n heght. A. R. Snes, one of the excavators, n 96 recalled that the mound was probably eght to ten feet hgher than the present approxmately 25 feet. He sad that the orgnal shape of the mound s thought to have been concal, whle the present mound retans the flattenng created by the orgnal band stand, no longer extant. nother band stand lned wth stone, accompaned by a small basketball court mtsde the crcumference of the mound, was cut nto the west sde of the nound, as ndcated n Fgure 3, but wthout dong any known damage to the nound ' s contents. Che envronment of the mound s sutable a wellkept trangular park of xbout two acres mmedately south of U. S. Route 60 n the downtown busness secton of South Charleston. The mound many years ago was covered wth trees, whch were denuded by a tremendous exploson at a nearby chemcal plant. At one tme a dtch was dug across a small porton of the mound's base to accommodate a utlty, at whch tme some sherds of lmestonetempered pottery were found. Archeologsts beleve that the mound may eventually yeld more treasures of a past c v zaton.

3 ' a PreColumb~an a 6th Century L, 8th Century J 20th Century PEROO (Chcck Onc or Moro us Appropratc 0 5th Ccntury 7th Century. SPEC F C DATE(SJ (f Applcable and Known) &REAS OF SGN[ FCANCE (Check One or Afore ns Approprate) Abor gnol a Prehstorc 3 Hstorc 0 Agrculture Archtecture 0 Art 0 Commerce 0 Communcatons Conservaton TATEMENT OF SGNFCANCE C Educaton 0 Engtneerng 0 ndustry 0 nventon Landscape Archtecture 0 Lterature Mltary Musc, 9th Century 3?oltcol Urban Plannng 3 Relgon/Ph 2 Other (Specfy) losophy Cj Scence 0 Sculpture 0 Soctnl/Humon taron Theoter 0 Transportaton The South Charleston Nound, orgnally known as the Crel Mound, s the second largest n the State. Most modern archeologsts who have studed the nateral taken from ths mound beleve t retresents some m3glng of Adena and Hopewell trats and therefore stands as a monument to both of these cultures so mportant n the Oho Rver dranage.! The mound was the tallest n an elaborate system of 2ar~hworks orgnally occupyng a large porton of the bottom lands on bock sdes of the Kanawha / Rver n wha: Ls now rhe area of Charleston acd Souzh Charleston. The Smthsonan Tnstcuton t'roaght che co~pex rn2orta:~ enough to justfy nvestgatons 2xtendng over zhe perod of 853 ro 885: wth specal attenton to :he Crel Mound, aco whch a large cezrral shaft was opened clear to the boczom of che moud mder the supervson of P. W. Norrsof the Smthsona~ nsttuton, and former superntexdenr of Yellowstone Natonal Park. The fndngs were descrbed by Cyrus Thomas n the 5th and 2th annual reports of the 3xeau of Amercan Ethnology, publshed n 887 and 894. he results of :he excavaton are thus summarzed by McMchaes and Mars 'n ther 969 p~blcaton on Kanawha Rver Archeology: l l... Norrs (Mocrs) sunk a shaft nto ths mound and found, at 3 feet down, :he remans of a skeeton. At 4 feet, two skeletons were encountered 'vth 2 celts, 2 stone hoes, lance head, and 2 dsks nearby. These are probably Late Prehstorc ntrusve burals. "Nothng nore was encountered untl near the base, wnere a?parently a large 'log tomb wcs focna contanng skeletons. One ce.;tral Sural was covered by bark ad tad some folded sheet cc2per near ts kead, 6 shell beads and lance head. Tzn bodes surrounced zls central one. Each of the. four to the easr had one 'fne lancehead, whle the one to the northeast / had one ' fshdert, chree arrowheads, and decsyed nussel shells '. The 5 skeletons to the wes; had no~tng wth them. A possble clay vault was found, whck Thomas compares to some n North Carolna. Wnat sounds lke a number of pared postmolds were also found. /"n the U. S. Saronal Museum at present there are a few fragmentary skeleta remans, a folded copper object wth adherng Leather or cloth, one... '. cant d...._

4 'arm 0SO00 UNlTbSTATES DEPARTMENT OF THE NTEROR (Julv 969) NATONAL PARK SERVCE (Number aj rlatlonal ZEGSTER OF :!STO2C PLACES NVENTORY NOMNATON FORM (Contnuaton Sheet) 8. Sgnfcance, South Charleston Mound STATE West Vrgna Kanawha FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBER DATE small copper fragment wth adherng bone, 0 Olvella shell beads, and 9 heavy crcular dsk shell beads made from the central whorl of the conch. Also, accordng to the Museum catalogue a number of 'lanceheads and arrowheads are recorded for the mound, but snce these were lumped wth those from many other stes and the senor author had lttle tme to separate them, they were not checked n detal." A. R. Snes of Charleston, who asssted n the excavatons n 96, stated that one of the skeletons measured 6'834" from head to heel, but the extreme heght ndcated mght have been an exaggeraton created by earth pressng down on the bural. Some thrty or forty years ago, a ppelne was lad across the corner of the mound. At that tme Detz Ernst of Wheelng, an amateur archeologst, recovered a number of sherds of lmestonetempered pottery. The mound s stll standng and probably contans more archeologcal materal of value to the scentst. The mound was for many years owned by Unon Carbde Corporaton, whch deeded t to the Cty of South Charleston on condton that t be used for a park otherwse to revert to the corporaton.

5 t 4. :,!A;>? 3E L:r;?.:?EC.\L.??FE~ENCZS 3ward V. l\!c?ck.ael and (%car L. Yzrs, "Excavaton of :he Wurzc Nouzd, Ranawna Countv, West Vrgna, and. An Analyss of Kanawha Vaey Nounds," 3e?ort ~f 'lrcheo?o%cal nvestgatons, No., West Vrgna Geologcal j! and Zconomc Survzy, Morgantown, W. Va.!. rarry L. Flourcoy. hs artcle reprnted n GazetxeMal State Nag. 6/8/6. Zals, 2. Sow Loca Archeology. Charleston, W. Va., 898. Xebb, W. S. and 5. S. Baby. The Adena Paople No. 2. Columbus, 957.! Tkonas, Cyrus. Report on theoundxplbratons of the Bureau of Eth nology, 2th Annual Report, Bureau of Amercan Ethnology, pp. 35, 74. Washngton, D. C., 894. ', j 0. SEOG?.4"?.';CAL DATA t CORNER SE LATTU~E AND LONGTUDE COORDNATES 0. APPROXlMATE ACREAGE O F NOMNATED PROPERTY:, _acfp s :LST ALL STATES AND COUNTES FOR PROPERTES OVERLAPP~G STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARES STATE: CODE COUNTY LATTUDE AND LONGTUDE COORDNATES STATE: CODE / COUNTY: STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE STATE: LATTUDE Degrees Mnutes Seconds LONGTUDE Degrees Mmures Seconds B R CODE COUNTY: l l LATTUDE Degrees Mnutes Seconds 38 O 22 '07.78' O F LESS THAN TEN ACRES LONG TUDE Degrees Mnutes Seconds 8 O 4 '4876 ' 8 Clfford M. Lews, S. J. ORGAN ZATON W. Va. Antqutes Commss on Julv ;STREET AND NUMBER: 39 Old Mountanlar, West Vrgna Unversty, Morgantown, W. Va. CTY OR TOWN: STATE! C03E ( Morgantown West Vrgna 47 7 [2. STATE LASON OFFCER CERTFCA ON NATONAL REGSTER VERFCATO~Y (DATE As the desgnated State Lason Offcer for the Xr / hereby certfy that ths property s ncluded n the / tonal Hstonc Preservat~on Act of 966 ( Publc Law 89665), hereby nomnate ths property for ~ncluson n the Natonal Regster and certfy that t has been evauated accordmg to the crtera and procedures set / forth by the Natonal Park Servce. The recommended ' / level of sgnfcance of ths nommatlon s: / Natonal State 9 Local /! / Gate j Name, ATTEST:! / Ttle Actng for State Lason Offcer / Date July 9, 970 Late Chef, O ffce of Archeology and H storc Preservaton Keeper of The Natonal Regster

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