SNAME BLOCATION CLASSIFICATION.. [CJ REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS. 60-tri - ~ m - ( o t c. IN-VENTORY -- NQivllNATION FOXM ~OWMER OF PROPERTY,

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1 * tr - ~ m - ( o t c 0.~~ \p.a'r. STEOSTATES DEPARTMENT OFTHE NTERO NATONAL PARK SERVCE [t. LONAL REGSTER OF HSTORC PLACES N-VENTORY -- NQvllNATON FOXM SEE NSTRUCTONS N now ro COMPLFTE NATONAL REGSTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTR ES -- COMPLETE APPLCABLE SECTONS SNAME AND/SR COMMON Gazette Buldng E STREET& NUMBER 2 West Thrd -KOT FOR PUBUCARON CTY. TOWN CONGRESSlONAL OlSTRlCT Lttle Rock,-VC~NTY OF Second STATE CODE COUNTY CODE Arkansas 05 Pltl ask. 9 CLASSFCATON.. CATEGORY OWNERSHlP STATUS PRESENT US5 L,btSTRtCT,PU 8UC -X~wlLt)lNC(s SRVXTE m C 7 U R E. -BOTH -STE PU8LC ACnU!StTlOhl -OBJECT,N PROCESS -BENG CQNSDEREO XOC(XPED -U'NOCCWPED -WORK N PROGRESS ACCESSBLE -YES: RESTRrCTED XYES: UNRESTRZCTED -NO AGRCULTURE -MUSCUM 3COMMERCAt -PARK -EOUCATONAL -PRVATE RESDENCE,ENTERTANMENT -REUGOUS -GOVERNMENT,SCEENRFC ANDUSTRFAL -TRANSPORTATON,tAlUTARY -OTHER: ~OWMER OF PROPERTY, NAME ~ Arkansas Budnu Conpanv STREET PL NlJMBER, Post Offce Box 82 CTY. TmVN STATE Lttle Rock - VlcllNlr~~~ Arkansas BLOCATON COURTHOUSE. REGSTRY OF DEEOSETC. STREEf& NUMBER OF =GAL DESCRPTON crcut. clerk Pulask County Courthouse - CTY. TOWN STATE Lttle Rock RrlslPja s [CJ REPRESENTATON N EXSTNG SURVEYS DEPOSTO9Y FOR SURVEY RECOPOS CTY. TON -FEDERAL ATATE,COUNTY -LOCAP STATE

2 DESCRPTON CONDlTlON CHECK ONE CHECK ONE,DETERORATED,RU~NS,L HEX WSED DESCRBE THE PRESENT AND ORlGNAL (F KNOWN) PHYSt CALAPPEARANCE Bult n 308, the Gazette Buldng s a three-storey structure of xenforcel concrete and wth terra-cotta decoratve effect. The buldng s almost square, measurng 40 feet by 50 feet. The floor space of the buldng s 5,660 square feet and covers a quarter of one block. The buldng features a flat roof and projectng cornce. The most sgnfcant feature of the buldng s the exteror enbellshment. Terra-cotta relef ornamentaton exhbts the nfluence of Mus Henry Sullvan n ts floral and frut desgn. At the tme of ts constructon, the Gazette Buldng was recognzed as the fnest newspaper buldng n the South- n 908 t was constructed of the most freproof and durable materals. Seven thousand barrels of concrete were used n constructan.,.. The south and west elevatons are smlar n appearance. The two man entrances, located on the south and west elevatons are marked by segmenkalarched doorways supported by onc-captal columns of marble. These doorways f eatwe the name of the buldng and the date of conskructon. A narrow band of terra-cotta fret-work surxaunds the west ana between Chz frst 2nd second storeys. Almost.' all of the decoratve features are located above ths lne.on the second- an'd thrd-storey levels. Twostorey, three-sj,dzd bays mrk.these tgo top stores. The spaces betwean the second-andthrd-storey wndars on the bzys feature texra-cotka frdt clusters. Elnature engaged Dbrc-capta3 columns separate the three wndows on each bay. Large engagd fluted 3onc-captal colm~s separate the bays. The freze features wde scroll brackets above each of the onc columns. Bas-relef ornamentaton of terra-cotta s located under the copng of the roof, above each bay. The cornce features a pattern of vertcal, rectangular-sbapd gwged patterns. Terra-cotta lon heads are found on the cornce above each of the brackets, Leaflke decoratons of terra-cotta project abave the cornce. nterors harmonze wth the exteror of the buldng, Floors n the frstfloor corrdors are of whte tle. The walls are lned wth talan marble wanscottng- Extensve modernzng for -busness purposes has altered the nterors. Alteratons to the exteror focus on the frst floor vtdovrs, whch have been only slghtly rncdfed. The Gazette Bulang has been well preserved and s n excellent condtl. 'on. f

3 AREAS OF SGNFCANCE -- CHECK AN^ JUST~FY BELOW AACHEQLOGY-PREHSTORC -COMMUNTY PLANN FJG,LAPlDSCAPE ARCHTECTURE 4RCHEOLOGY-HSTORC,COMSEAVAT(JN -'LAW AGRCULTURE,ECONOMCS,UT AASURE XARCHtTECTURE,EDUCATON,MLTARY 4 A f -ENGNFERlNb dusc -COMMERCE,MPLORATlOM/S~EMENT,PH7POSOPFY -COMMUNCATONS JNDWSRRY ZPOUTCWGOVERNblEMT SPECFC DATES 903 BULOERAFCH TECT Pet- Hotze, George R. Qnn STATEMENT OFSGNFCANCE J The sgnfcance of the Gazette Buldng les n two man areas- Archtecturally, the buldng merts dstncton, Bult n L908, the Gazette Buldng s constructed of xenforced concrete and ornamented.. wth terra-cotta. The frst storey s treated as a base, supportng onc columns whch project up- ward through the sxond &thrd.storeys. Between t'ne eolumnsarethree-sded. bay undo-ws whch also span the heght of the second and thrd storeys. Tne Gazette Buldng rests on a quarter of a block n Lt-tle Rock% downtorm busfness dstre t, The Gazette ~uldng was bult by one of Lttle Rackvs most honored ctzecs, 'peter Hotze- Hotze was a natve of nnsbfck, Austra, and bad been a resdent of Lttle Rock snce 857. For many years he was a promnent fgr.e n bus- : \. ness affars of the cty and was dentfed wth the commercal actvty and development of Lttle Rock. The Hotze famly owned the Gazette Buldng untl George R. Mann, archtect of the Arkansas State Captol CaZded to the ~atonal Regster ], desgned the Gazette Buldng. Mann s credted ". wth desgnng several complex structures n St. Lous and Lttle Rock. The Gazette Buldng was an nvestment n the future af Lttle Rock's busness enterprse by men who had suffcent confdence n that future. Constrrrctan of the bulang has been ac'mawle3ged as markng the begnnng of a new era 5.n downtown Lttle Rock. Shortly after 908 a numher ~f rusness buldngs were erected and exstng buldngs were remodeled, transformng the mongnous busness dstrct:.nto an organzed and archtecturally mpressve area. The Gazette Buldng s hstorcally sgnfcant n ts representaton of the Arkansas Gazette newspaper, whch s the oldest newspaper west of the Mssssj.p> Rver. The development of the Arkansas Gazette has been concdent wth the development of the state. Arkansas poltcs and the Gazette have been nterlac&. The Gazette has been the voce of Arkansas snce ts establshment n 89. The foundng of the Gazette an3?ts devel~pnsnt and growth are due to Vlllam E, w&ruff- The hstory of the newspaper s entertwzned wth Woodruff's hstory..:lm E- Woodruff was born n Suffolk County, Long sland, TJew York, n 795. From the fjme the? he began servng hs apprentceshp n a rrnrng offce n Brooklyn n 809, Woodruff was actvely engaged n the newspaper busness for ffty years. n 87 he left New York ar.d started. westwar6 to "seek hs fortune*" n west Vrgna hodruff secured a canoe and traveled to

4 ! Form?do ! (key U-74 UNlTED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE NTEKOR 'FOR NPS USE ONLY! NATONAL PARK SERVCE NATONAL REGSTER OF HlSTOXlC PLACES DATE NVENTORY -- NOMNA?OM FOXM RECEWED ENTElED COMTl NU ATON SHEE TEM NUMBER 8 - PAGE.- Lousvlle, Kentucky, from where he walked to Nashvle;Tennsssee. After workng n the newspaper busness for a year n Kashvlle, Woodruff decded to move to the newly created Arkansas Terrtory and establsh hs own newspaper. Before leavng Nashvlle he purchased a small prntng press ~ n d other necessary equfent, whch he carred by keelboat and dugout to ~rhnsas Post; he arrved at hs destnaton on October 3, 89, The populaton of Arkansas Post n 839 numbered only around one hundred. Arkansas Terrtory contaned a populaton of 3,000 and contaned two post offces and one mal route. The Arkaasas Gazette started n a mall log cabn consstng of two rooms, the largest of whch was ffteen by eghteen feet- The frst ssue of the Gazette was pdlshed on Saturday, November 20, 89. Woodruff was edtor, publsher, wrtcx, proofrezder and pressman. The paper was publshed weeklyton S2drdayst. and the subscrpton prce was $3.00 per year. ' n the Sprng of 820 Woodruff was apponted prnter for Arkansas Terrtory by the General Assembly; thus the Gazette became the offcal newspaper n! the Terrtory. Xn 82 when the seat. of terrtoral government was moved to Lttle Rock, Woodruff med hs offce to the new captal cty and contnued publcaton of the newspaper. The frst ssue publshed n Lttle Rock was dated Decenber 29, 82. That the Gazette was always a power n ter- xtoral affars can be attrbuted to Woodruff. Wodruff's nfluence contnued after Arkansas became a state. n 836 he was elect4 frst Treasurer of the state of Arkansas. He contnued to publsh the Gazette untl 838 when the paper was sold to Edward Cole. n 2846??&ruff establshed the Arkansas Democrat and n 850 purchased back the -- Gazette and consoldated the two papers under the name Arkansas Gazette and Democrat. The latter part of the new name was soon &rapped and the paper contnued under ts orgnal name of the Fxkansas Gazette. Not untl 853 was Wodruff able to retre permanently Srm the publshng busness. He ded n Lttle Rock n 885 at the age of nnety. The Arkansas Gazette has contnued to be the voce of Arkansas, and wth a E present daly subscrpton of 2,35, t s the most wdely read newspaper n the state. The Gazette has acheved many honorstamong whch the most notahle are the J. P. Zenger Award, the desgnaton of the Gazette Buldng as anhstorc ste n jaurnzlsm by Sgma Delta Ch and, n 958, trm Pultzer Przes. The Gazette s the only new.52aper to ever wn two Pultzer Przes n one year,!! *

5 Form Nr, lfl-300h (Aev 0-7dh U NT'EU STATES UEP.-KTMENT O' THE N'tEKlOK NATONAL PARK SERVCE su ATTONAL REGSTER OF HSTORC PLACES NVENTORY -- NOhlSCNATlON FORM. FOR rw USE ONLY RECEVED. DATE ENTERED.. CONT NU ATON SHEET TEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 2 Although recognzed as an archtecturdlly sgnfcant structure, the prmary sgnfcance of the Gazette BnLdnq les n ts representaton of the Arkansas Gazette, the oldest newspaper west of the Xssksspp,

6 ~ M A ~ BBLOGRLWHCAL O R REFERENCES Arkansas Gazette. Septeher 3, June 2, 907. '. Arkansas Hstory Cummsson Archves, small manuscrpt collecton, Gazette Fle, Herndon, f)allas T-, ed. Centennal Hstory oe Arkansas, volume XLc Cl&cago: S. J. Clarke 'Publshng Consany, ~GHOGRAPHCAL DATA ACRUGE UFNOMNATED PROPERTY less ZFaanone~acre UTM REFERENCES' , AM w t&9!6 0 BWUA$lZOMEl n, 2 VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRlPTlON NORTHNG '. LST ALL STATES AND COUNTES FOR PROPERTLES OVERLAPPNG STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARES STATE CODE COUNTY MDF, ORCANFATOM STREET5 NW;CBER SaMra Taylor. Wstqr-aq Arkansas Hstorc Preservaton Pro= g DATE TELEPHONE 3 _ Q O m ~ f J & m (50) ClfYoP TOW9 STATE Lfttle Rock Arkansas STATE HSTORC PRESERVATON OFFCER CERTFCATON THE EVALUATED SFGUEFlCANCE OFfHlS PROPERTY WlTHlNTHE STATE S: NATONAL s' STATE - LOCAL - As t k desgnated Srare HstGc ~rosematb 0fG for rhe Natonal Hlstarc ~reservabon A&-& 966 ~~udl L& hereby nomnate ths property for nclvsan n the Nat;onal Regster and certfy tha: t has been evaluared nceerdfng to the crtera and prmeduresset forth by the Natonal Park SemGce. SaE HlSTOAtC PR SER\'ATON OFF CER SGNAURS Anne R JJTLE Stpte Hstorc Pres~!rvaton Offcer FU l El B USE OM ty H EREBY CERTFY THAT7HSh PRO FEWY?S NCLUDED N Tt-!E ruato:4al'regster. DRECTOR. ff F FlE OF RFCHEOLUC' AND tstorc P~~ES~VATON ATTEST: RAT% -.. > * - DATE, -, <

7 Form KO rp.300a lkev 0-?4 LN lttd STATES DkP4RTMENT OF THt 3Tk.K UK NATONAL PARK SERVCE, hnt'ona, REGSTER OF MSTORXC PACES t DATE E WERE-3 NVENTORY -- NOMlNA'XZQN FORM Gazette 9sldng CONT NUATON SHEET TEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 3 - (To replace tem 8 r Page 2) Although recognzed as an arshtecturally sgnfcant structure, the prmary sgnfcance of the Gazette Buldng les n ts representaton of the Arkansas Gazete, khe oldest newspaper west of the ~ssss~p stll n publcatxon.. The followng materal was taken from paqes 8 and 9, fmtnote #25 n Margaret Pass' Arkansas GazetCc, The Early Years "25. That the Arkanszs Gazette was the frst paper puslshed n Arkansas stands unchallenged. The clam that t s the oldest newspaper west of the Msssspp s equally ndsputable today, but has been made n the past when t was ndefensble. n a hstorcal sketch n the Gazettl on November 20, 869, Mllam E. Woodruff, Jr. wrote, "Comparatvely few papers n the country can bast so long an exstencc - perhaps not mre than twenty - and ours s certanly the oldest west of the Ysssspp, whch has been publshed contnuously by the same nanc." Later wrters often gnored the qualfcatons of cont$nuous publcaton and ttle. whch at that t m ~ made the clam naccurate. Earler nmspnpcrs publshed n Essourl were :?he Mssour Gazette, establshed at St. Lbus on July 2, 809 by Joseph Charlessr had several changes n ttle, thc last beng the RephLc, and suspended wth tq sale to the Globe-Cern~crat on 9ecember 4, 99: the Western Journal, establshed at St. Lous n the sprnq of 85 by Joshua Norvell, succeeded early n 87 by the Emgxmt and General ndvertser, started at St. Lous on May 7, 86 by Sergeant Hall and dscontnued n Au~ust, 88; suzceeded by the Enqurer wthout change n volumc number ng, establshes by saac N. Henry,and Evarst Maury, dscontnued n 829; the Wssour Jntcllq~ncer, and Boon's Lck Advertser, establshed Aprl 23, 89 at ~ankln by KatkaneL Patten and Renjann Holldey, m ~ed to Fayette n 826 and to Columba n 830, had several changes n ttle and one merger and suspended pblcaton as the -- Herald-Statesmm on J~ne 2C, 2935, beng correctly called the oldest paper west of the Msssspp at that tr,c; The lb!ssour 7 4

8 Form Ho tc..300a lhev 0-34 LLjlTtU STATES DtPhRTblEtTOFTHE NTt<OK NATONAL PARK SERVCE J A;_OXA4L REGSTER OF HSTOXC PLACES NVENTORY -- NOMNATON FORM Gazette Buldng CONT NUATON SHEET TEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 4 Heraldp establshed at Jackson on June 25, 89 by Tuba E. Strange, became the ndependent Patrot wth ts sale to Stephen Remngton n 820, and may have contnued under other ttles untl a but 835. Lttle s known of the four papers publshed earler than the Gazette n that part - of Lovjsana lyng west. - - of the Msssspp. El Mexeano s credted to both Natchtoches, Lousana and 3acogr2oches, Texas, and ts only known extant ssue s dated June 9, 83. The Lousana Planter was establshed Aprl, 7, 80 by Benamn Stokes at Alexandra. The Red-Rver Herald d was publshed - at Alexandra by Thomas Eastn, and the - only ssue located s Vol., new seres, No. 4, dated September 0, g3. The Lousana EeraPd was establshed &nut October, 88 by George F. Ten3ery at Alexandra. - Three newspapers earler than the Gazette were publshed n Texas, not then z part of the Unted State?. They were: Gaceta de Texas, the organ of the Guterrez- Magee Expedton, edted by Wllam Shaler and ~os& ALvarez de Toledo, prnted n Spansh n May, 83, probably publshed no more than one or two numbers; El Mejcano by the same men and fox the same purpose, also publshed only one or two numbers; Texas Republcan started at Nacoqdoches on August 4, 89 by General James Long as the organ of hs expedton to establsh a Texas republc, and suspended n October, 89 wth the defeat of Long's forces. See James xelvn Lee, "Early Journalsm West of the Msssspp," Gazette Supplement, November 20, 99, 46; Ergham, Amercan Newspapers,, 82, L83, ; Walter Prescott Webb (ed., The [?andbook of Texas [Austn: The Texas State Hstorcal Assn., 952),, 276; Wllam 3, Taft (comp.), Mssour Newspapers: When ar?d Where (Colunha, Mo.: The State rrstorcal Socety of Mssour, 454, 35, 48, 5, 7, 72, 5-52, 59-60, 65, 70.

9 F&T -.a :f.?*q,- (hev 0-74! J lnlttls STATES DEPrlRTMtNT OF THE KTEKOR NATONAL PARK SERVCE XONAL REGSTER 09: -XSTOWC PACES NVENTORY -- NOMNATON FORM RE;CEVED DATE ENTERED CON7 NUATON SHEET TEM NUMBER 9 PAGE Lttle Rock Who" Who Publshers, Lttle.Rock Who's Who. Lttle Rock: The New Era Press, 92. mss, Margaret. Arkansas Gazette, The Early Years Lttle Rock: Arkansas Gazette Foundaton, 969. Ross, Margaret, hstorcal,journalst wth the Arkansas Gazette. Personal ntervew, Lttle Rock, Arkansas, September 29, j