MESOPOTAMIA. Ang Unang Kabihasnan
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1 MESOPOTAMIA Ang Unang Kabihasnan
2 SUMERIAN Ziggurat Gulong
3 SUMERIAN Cuneiform- isang sistema ng pagsulat ng Sumerian
4 SUMERIAN Ang Sumerian ang kauna-unahang kabihasnan na umusbong sa daigdig. Ang Ur ang pinakamatandang lungsod-estadong nalinang ng mga Sumerian Theocracy ang tawag sa uri ng pamahalaan ng Sumerian. Ito ay tumutukoy sa pamahalaang nasa ilalim ng pamumuno ng puno ng simbahan. Sa Sumerian din nagmula ang mahalagang elemento pang-arkitektura gaya ng vault at dome. Galing din sa Sumerian ang ilang sistema sa algebra at sexagesimal system
5 SUMERIAN Ang karapatan ng babae sa Sumerian ay hindi pantay-pantay. Unang organisadong pwersang paggawa Unang gumamit ng hayop sa pag-araro Nakaimbento ng unang paraan ng pagpapalitan- ang paggamit ng cocoa bilang pamalit ng kalakal. Paggamit ng kalendaryong lunar na may 12 buwan Nakaimbento ng unang sistema ng panukat timbang o haba
6 AKKADIAN Ang imperyong Akkad at si Sargon I
7 AKKADIAN Kinikilala bilang pinakaunang imperyo sa daigdig. Si Sargon I ang kinikilalang kaunaunahang dakilang pinuno sa kasaysayan ng pangkat Semitic Naram-sin- apo ni Sargon I na itinanghal bilang Hari ng Ikaapat na Bahaagi ng Daigdig.
8 BABYLONIAN Ang imperyong Babylonian at at ang Kodigo ni Hammurabi
9 BABYLONIAN Naging tanyag ang Babylonia sa pamumuno ni Hammurabi, ang ika-anim na pinunong Amorite ng Babylonia. Nagpayabong sa panitikan tulad ng epikong Gilgamesh. Nagsimula sa kanila ang mga kontratang pangkalakalan, paggamit ng selyo sa kontrata at pagpapalamuti ng katawan. Pinaunlad nia ang negosyo at pakikipagkalakalan Ang pinakamahalagang ambag ni Hammurabi sa kabihasnan ay Kodigo ni Hammurabi. Tampok sa kodigo ang prinsipyong mata sa mata, ngipin sa ngipin.
10 HALIMBAWA NG KODIGO NI HAMMURABI Slander Ex. Law #127: "If any one "point the finger" at a sister of a god or the wife of any one, and can not prove it, this man shall be taken before the judges and his brow shall be marked. (by cutting the skin, or perhaps hair.) Trade Ex. Law #265: "If a herdsman, to whose care cattle or sheep have been entrusted, be guilty of fraud and make false returns of the natural increase, or sell them for money, then shall he be convicted and pay the owner ten times the loss. Slavery Ex. Law #15: "If any one take a male or female slave of the court, or a male or female slave of a freed man, outside the city gates, he shall be put to death. The duties of workers Ex. Law #42: "If any one take over a field to till it, and obtain no harvest therefrom, it must be proved that he did no work on the field, and he must deliver grain, just as his neighbor raised, to the owner of the field."
11 HALIMBAWA NG KODIGO NI HAMMURABI Theft Ex. Law #22: "If any one is committing a robbery and is caught, then he shall be put to death. Food Ex. Law #104: "If a merchant give an agent corn, wool, oil, or any other goods to transport, the agent shall give a receipt for the amount, and compensate the merchant therefor. Then he shall obtain a receipt from the merchant for the money that he gives the merchant. Ex. Law #196. "If a man destroy the eye of another man, they shall destroy his eye. If one break a man's bone, they shall break his bone. If one destroy the eye of a freeman or break the bone of a freeman he shall pay one mana of silver. If one destroy the eye of a man's slave or break a bone of a man's slave he shall pay one-half his price."
12 HITTITE
13 HITTITE Ang pangkat na ito ay mga mangangaso na nagmula sa hilagang-kanlurang bahagi ng Babylon. Ang unang pangkat na gumamit ng sandatang bakal sa pakikidigma. Naging matagumpay ang kanilang pananakop ay bunga nga sandatang bakal, pagkabihasa sa pangangabayo at paggamit ng karwahe. Sinasabi na makatao ang batas ng Hittite kaysa ibang batas. Pagbibigay-halaga sa mga kakabaihan sa lipunang Hittite.
14 ASSYRIAN
15 ASSYRIAN Kinikilala ang Assyrian bilang pinakamalupit, pinakamabagsik at mapanghamok sa lahat ng sinaunang tao. Si Tiglath-Pileser I ay ang kauna-unahang dakilang mandirigma ng mga Assyrian Sa panahon ni Assurbanipal, pinalawak niya ang imperyong Assyrian. Kinikilala si Assurbanipal bilang malupit at marahas pero napakahusay na administrador Natamo ng mga Assyrian ang tugatog ng kapangyarihan at tagumpay
16 ASSYRIAN Sila nagpatayo ng kauna-unahang aklatan na itinayo ni Assurbanipal. Sila ang kauna-unahang pangkat ng tao na nakabuo ng epektibong sistema ng pamumuno sa imperyo Epektibong serbisyong postal
17 CHALDEAN
18 CHALDEAN Hanging Gardens of Babylon
19 CHALDEAN Tinatag ding ito na Bagong Babylonia Si Nabopolassar, isang rebeldeng gobernador na pinamumunuan ang Chaldean. Si Nebuchadnezzar ang pinakamatanyag na pinuno ng Chaldean. Sa pamumuno ni Nebuchadnezzar, siya ay nagpatayo ng mga estrukturang kapakipakinabang tulad ng kanal at dike Ipinatayo niya ang tanyag nag Hanging Gardens of Babylon, isa sa Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
20 CHALDEAN Tinaguriang blang Stargazers of Babylon dahil sa pagkkahilig sa astronomiya. Sa kanila din nagmula ang kaalaman tungkol sa labindalawang simbolo ng zodiac.
21 PERSIAN Labi ng Royal Road at Ang paniniwalang Zoroastrianismo
22 PERSIAN Ang mga Persian ay nagmula sa bansang Persia (Iran). Natamo sa panahon ng Cyrus the Great ang paggalang ng kanyang nasasakupan sa kabila ng pagkakaiba n gawi at paniniwala Mas pinalawak ang imperyong Persian noong panahon ni Cyrus, Darius the Great, at Xerxes. Sa panahon ni Darius the Great, Hinati ang imperyo sa dalampung lalawgan na tinatawag na satrapy.
23 PERSIAN Zoroastrianismo o Mazdaismo ang pangunahing relihiyon ng imperyong Persian Nabigyan-diin angkarapatan ngtao maging ng mga lupang nasakop Ipinatayo ang Royal Road
24 PHOENICIANS
25 PHOENICIAN Alpabetong Phoenician
26 PHOENICIAN Tinaguriang Dakilag Mangangalakal ng Sinaunang Kabihasnan. Pangunahing produkto ng mga Phoenician ay ang telang lana na may kulay lila o royal purple. Ang alpabetong Phoenician ang pinakamahalagang kontribusyon ng mga Phoenician. Sa kanila nagsimula ang konsepto ng kolonya Sila ang nagsimulang gumawa ng malalaking sasakyang pandagat na kilala bilang barko sa kasalukuyan.
27 HEBREW O HEBREO Torah
28 HEBREW O HEBREO Alpabetog Hebrew
29 HEBREO Ang Palestine ay tahanan ng Hebrew Ang Hebrew ay pinamumunuan ni Abraham, ang tradisyunal na tagapagtatag ng Palestine. Sa mha Hebrew nagmula ang paniniwala sa iisang diyos o monotheism. Pinaniniwalaang ibinigay ng Diyos kay Moses ang Sampung Utos ng Diyos. Ito ay napapaloob sa Torah, ang isa sa Limang aklat ng Mosaic Law-ang kodigo ng batas ng mga Hebreo.
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