Chapter 2 Outline. Section 1: Mesopotamia. Section 2: Egypt

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1 Section 1: Mesopotamia Chapter 2 Outline - Mesopotamia: land between the - by : Sumerian culture established I. Sumerian Civilization - temple was the center of,,, and - ruler, usually a A. Cuneiform 1. : earliest known form of writing B. Farming and Architecture 1. networks of and for crops 2. lived in 3. : temples; pyramid-like structures C. Sargon BC: comes to power in Kish 2. established the first known 3. authority surpassed that of the 4. view as a god D. Sumerian Contributions 1. BC : Sumerian civilization disappeared 2. List 3 additional contributions: II. Amorite Civilization - Sumerians fell to invaders - referred to as Empire A. Hammurabi 1. united under his rule 2. best known for his B. The Epic of Gilgamesh 1. Utnapishtim s account of how Ea, one of the gods, delivered him from a 2. Amorite Accomplishments a) List 3 additional contributions (1) (2) (3) Section 2: Egypt - is a land

2 I. The Land of Egypt A. narrow strip of land along the banks of the B. Regions 1. Southern called: 2. Northern called : 3. East & West: 4. to the south II. The History of Egypt BC: unites and A. Old Kingdom 1. time: - 2. Age of the 3. rulers considered to be 4. built during this time B. Middle Kingdom 1. time of rebellion called 2. time: - 3. Age of the 4. characterized by and 5. move to Egypt 6. : Hyksos come into the land C. New Kingdom 1. time: - 2. Age of the 3. first known woman pharaoh: 4. greatest Egyptian warrior-king: 5. lived during this time 6. refused to allow children of Israel to go III. The Culture of Egypt A. social structure shaped like a B. women were C. List 3 additional contributions (besides writing) D. form of writing called E. religion was F. believed that after death they would be judged according to their G. Egypt fell to:

3 Section 3: Land of Canaan - named after one of sons I. The Hittites A. settle in in BC B. king was of the C. rich supplies of D. absorbed by more II. The Phoenicians - was the leading city-state A. Merchants of the Mediterranean 1. appeared around BC 2. traded with: d) e) 3. goods: d) e) f) g) h) i) 4. wealth through and B. The Phoenician Alphabet 1. believed to be the originators of the 2. symbols to stand for C. The City of Tyre 1. Phoenician independence lost as the invaded 2. Tyre continued to 3. expanded to an 4. worshipped 5., king of Babylon, would come and besiege the city 6. continued the fulfillment of this prophesy III. The Arameans A. is called the crossroads of civilizations B. link between and C. BC: establish number of small independent states D. became a capital of international trade E. was used as a go-between language F. and conquered many of the Aramean cities

4 G. 732 BC the crushed Damascus IV. The Hebrews A. The Call of Abraham 1. God made a covenant with a) called the 2. 3 basic promises 3. born in 4. We ll discuss this section more in class! B. Bondage in Egypt 1. and his family went down into Egypt to escape a famine 2. The most important of the tribes would be 3. raised up to lead them from the land of bondage C. The Covenant of Sinai 1. God established a 2. centerpiece of the covenant was the D. The Conquest of Canaan 1. Summarize the section: E. The Judges 1. every man did 2. worship the false gods of the 3. God raised up to Israel 4. became the first king of Israel F. David & Solomon 1. God chose 2. kingdom of Israel reached its peak during the reign of 3. Solomon began to permit the worship of Section 4: Near Eastern Empires I. The Assyrian Empire 1. created the largest the world had seen prior to 550 BC 2. gods, language, art, architecture, science and literature were adapted from the and cultures 3. Assyrians spread these accomplishments through their B. God s Judgement 1. His instrument for venting His against C. Mercy and Judgment 1. tried to take during the reign of Hezekiah 2. Outcome: 3. God sent to

5 BC: Chaldean and Median armies destroyed II. The Chaldean Empire A. `Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon 1. Chaldeans allied themselves with the and helped destroy BC: Nebuchadnezzar defeated the armies 3. Nebuchadnezzar also destroyed 4. dispersion of Jewish people known as 5. Nebuchadnezzar also know for building up 6. one of the ancient wonders B. Astronomy 1. : astrologers, magicians, sorcerers C. God s Wrath 1. judged Nebuchadnezzar for his 2. had a great feast, and used a) 539 BC: and killed Belshazzar III. The Persian Empire A. Cyrus the Great 1. one of the greatest that ever lived 2. came into contact with the a) main contribution was the use of 3. Cyrus allowed defeated armies some measure of B. Persia and the Nation of Israel 1. God used Cyrus to free His people from their captivity in 2. directed them to the C. Persian Government 1. divided territory into 2. excellent network of D. Persian Culture 1. borrowed currency from the 2. popularized calendar 3. religion founded by ; called ; sacred writings called the Summary Activity: Dates Summary of Civ & Cont Outcome of Civ Sumerian Civilization

6 Dates Summary of Civ & Cont Outcome of Civ Amorite Civilization Egypt Hittites Phoenicians Arameans

7 Dates Summary of Civ & Cont Outcome of Civ Assyrian Chaldean Persian

World History Topic 2 Reading Guide Ancient Middle East and Egypt

1 World History Topic 2 Reading Guide Ancient Middle East and Egypt Lesson 1: A Civilization Emerges in Sumer Key Terms Write each term in your own words Fertile Crescent Mesopotamia Sumer The Epic of