Early Civilizations Review

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1 Early Civilizations Review

2 An area with common physical features is called a.

3 region

4 The study of the ways of past cultures through the items they left behind is.

5 archaeology

6 The practice of worshipping only one God is called.

7 monotheism

8 To worship many gods is to practice.

9 polytheism

10 A group of people who have a complex, organized society is called a.

11 civilization

12 is the raising of plants and animals for human use.

13 agriculture

14 is a system of transporting water to crops.

15 irrigation

16 Rich, good for farming means that the soil is.

17 fertile

18 A is a city that is an individual unit, complete with its own form of government and traditions.

19 city-state

20 The area between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers became known as Mesopotamia, which means the.

21 land between the rivers

22 People settled in southern Mesopotamia because there was a permanent source of.

23 fresh water

24 The first Mesopotamians gained their food mostly by.

25 farming

26 Early people in Mesopotamia made farming successful by creating an to water their crops.

27 irrigation system

28 The civilization had ziggurats, mud-brick houses, and walls surrounding their citystates.

29 Sumerian

30 The Sumerians advanced their civilization by developing. (3 things)

31 writing, religion, and government

32 The people of Mesopotamia developed a system of technology known as to help keep track of business dealings.

33 writing

34 is a wedge-shaped writing formed in wet clay and is a way to preserve literature.

35 Cuneiform

36 Using wedged-shaped markings, cuneiform writing was compared to picture writing.

37 simpler

38 is a large territory of many places under one ruler.

39 empire

40 is the ruling family of an empire.

41 dynasty

42 ruled the kingdom of Babylon and created a code of laws by which to live.

43 Hammurabi

44 The overall purpose of the Code of Hammurabi was to.

45 protect the people

46 The culture places a higher value on war and conquest.

47 Assyrian

48 was the founder of Judaism.

49 Abraham

50 Abraham agreed to practice when he made the covenant with God.

51 monotheism

52 King David formed the kingdom of by uniting the Hebrew tribes.

53 Israel

54 Trading done by the promoted the exchange of new ideas, as well as the exchange of goods.

55 Phoenicians

56 The were the inventors of the first coins.

57 Lydians

58 Put the following events in the correct order from which happened first to which happened last. o Sumerians invented a system of writing. (p. 40) o The first civilization arose in Mesopotamia. (p. 34) o Israel was founded and the Hebrews were united. (p. 54) o Hammurabi established the Babylonian Empire (p. 49)

59 (1st) 3500 B.C. The first civilization arose in Mesopotamia. (p. 34) (2nd) 3200 B.C. Sumerians invented a system of writing. (p. 40) (3rd) 1754 B.C. Hammurabi established the Babylonian Empire. (p. 49) (4th) 1000 B.C. Israel was founded and the Hebrews were united. (p. 54)

60 Why was farming a challenge in Mesopotamia?

61 Farming was a challenge in Mesopotamia because there was little rainfall. The (desert) climate was hot and dry.

62 How did Mesopotamians overcome the problem of low rainfall?

63 Mesopotamians overcame the problem of low rainfall by irrigating their crops with water from the rivers.

64 DESCRIBE an example of an idea or invention that shaped Mesopotamian civilization and influenced other civilizations.

65 improved farming techniques (irrigation) writing wheel government ziggurats coins *Be able to DESCRIBE in detail at least one of these

66 What is an archaeologist?

67 An archaeologist is one who carefully uncovers evidence from the past.

68 What is the name of the continent that is labeled #1 on the map?

69 North America

70 What is the name of the continent that is labeled #2 on the map?

71 South America

72 What is the name of the continent that is labeled #3 on the map?

73 Europe

74 What is the name of the continent that is labeled #4 on the map?

75 Africa

76 What is the name of the continent that is labeled #5 on the map?

77 Asia

78 What is the name of the continent that is labeled #6 on the map?

79 Australia

80 What is the name of the continent that is labeled #7 on the map?

81 Antarctica

82 What is the name of the ocean that is labeled #8 on the map?

83 Pacific Ocean

84 What is the name of the ocean that is labeled #9 on the map?

85 Atlantic Ocean

86 What is the name of the ocean that is labeled #10 on the map?

87 Indian Ocean

88 What is the name of the ocean that is labeled #11 on the map?

89 Arctic Ocean

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