the Roman, Saxon and Medieval port of London Gustav Milne
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1 the Roman, Saxon and Medieval port of London Gustav Milne
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3 County Hall ship 1910
4 Roman lighter, Guy s Hospital 1958
5 excavation of Blackfriars ship
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9 Ports of London: changing river -port organisation -topography monetary system -shipping -commodities traded languages -location C1-5 th : Londinium C7-9 th : Mid-Saxon Lundenwic C10-11 th: Danish & Anglo-Norman Lundenburg C12th: Beach market to merchant port C13-14 th : Merchant port
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12 waterfront features foreshore deposits diatom study absolute levels absolute dates contours - boreholes Tidal range: HAT-LAT
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15 Marti.. Camulo.. Tiberinius Celerianus Bell Moritix Londiniensium
16 Classis Britannica CL BR troop transport; cursus publicus; ship-building; harbour construction; stone-quarrying; bricks; iron industry
17 Classis Britannica: C1-C3 rd Procurator Augusti et Praefectus Classis eg AD130 Maenius Agrippa Economic development/ regeneration Romanisation/ taxation
18 C3rd riverside wall
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20 C3-4 th : River levels drop: tidal head moves east
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22 Lundenwic: AD 600 Aldwych settlement develops west of walled Londinium
23 Beach market place name: Strand
24 Lundenwic beach market 672 Land Grant: port mentioned Charters: shipping dues 857 Weights & measures
25 AD 886 Lundenwic abandoned: relocated in Londinium (Ald-Wych)
26 DOCUMENTED HISTORY of SAXON, NORMAN and MEDIEVAL PORT ETHELRED S IV LAW CODE: Robertson, A (ed) 1925, The Laws of the Kings of England from Edmund to Henry I REGULATIONS REGARDING MEN FROM LOTHARINGA Bateson, A, 1902, A London Municipal Collection, English Historical Review, 17, pp ; PORT AND MARKET REGULATIONS Riley, T, (ed) 1861, Liber Albus CUSTOMS ACCOUNTS FOR 1481: Cobb, H, 1990 Overseas Trade of London: exchequer customs accounts , London Record Society no 27
27 AD 900 AD 1500
28 embankments raised over foreshore to south of riverside wall
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33 Galley Quay C13th shipyards Wool Quay New Fish Street C AD 1000 LONDON BRIDGE Hay Wharf Wine Wharf Garlickhithe Salt Wharf C10th shipyards Timberhithe Fish Wharf Old Fish Street Wood Wharf
34 beach market merchant port *Shallow draft vessels beached on foreshore *No harbour works * Range of vessels, inc deep-draught cargo carriers * Harbour structures Barter/ in kind *No warehouses * Cash economy * Warehouses No merchants No middlemen Cargoes sold on board direct to consumer Merchants Middlemen wholesale/ retail
35 12 th -century harbour Riverside wall undermined/removed Waterfront opened up to private encroachments Development of specialist larger cargo carriers Introduction of masonry warehouses Work begins on masonry bridge
36 1971 medieval barge excavation
37 Medieval cargo carriers AD tons AD tons AD tons
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39 VINTRY: Anglo-Norman wine trade HANSEATIC STEELYARD Baltic trade
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42 TOWER WHARF: medieval river wall
43 Coinage AD 900 silver penny AD 1350 silver & gold different values
44 long-cross penny half-penny fourthing (farthing)
45 Coinage Edward I:. groat (4d) penny half penny farthing
46 Coinage Edward III gold noble mark sovereign
47 Jettons French Nuremburg
48 Tally sticks
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50 1382 Custom House at Wool Quay GREAT CUSTOM 10,000 pa wool, fleeces & hides exported CLOTH CUSTOM 4,500 pa. TUNNAGE & POUNDAGE 4,500 pa Import duty on tuns of wine & ad valorem duty PETTY CUSTOM 400 pa Other goods carried by aliens
51 Customs Officials 42 staff in C15th London Controller x 1 Collector x 2 searcher (inspector) tronager (weighing) waiters (inspect cargoes on board) sundry clerks & servants
52 PORTS OF LONDON: AD 50 to AD 1500 changing river, port organisation, topography, monetary system, building fabric, shipping, commodities exchanged, language & location C1-5 th Londinium C7-9 th Mid-Saxon Lundenwic C10-11 th Saxon & Norman harbours C12 th Beach market to merchant port C14-15 th Chaucer s harbour C16 th New Age & New World
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55 1559: port reform and new Custom House
56 1571: Royal Exchange
57 1597: Gresham College free lectures from professors in eg Astronomy, Geometry, Physics, Law
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59 Gresham Ship armed Elizabethan merchantman wrecked in Thames estuary. Built Raised & researched
60 Thomas Gresham ( )
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63 1588: 34 London merchant ships fought against Spanish Armada with Merchant Royal, Toby and Hercules from Levant Company
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65 PORTS OF LONDON: changing river, port organisation, rationale, topography, monetary system, building fabric, shipping, commodities exchanged, language and location early & later Londinium Mid-Saxon Lundenwic Alfredian & Ethelredian harbours C12th: beach market to merchant port Chaucer s harbour
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