NORMANS AND PLANTAGENETS

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "NORMANS AND PLANTAGENETS"

Transcription

1 NORMANS AND PLANTAGENETS

2 3 candidates for the English throne Edward the Confessor dies in January 1066 Earl Harold Godwinson Harold Hardrada of Norway Duke William of Normandy

3 Why did William of Normandy invade? At the beginning of 1066, the King of Anglo-Saxon England, Edward the Confessor, was old and sick. He had no children or brothers and sisters the question was: who would succeed him? On his deathbed, he named Harold Godwinson, the Earl of Wessex, as his successor - according to Harold. He was not a blood relative but he was the commander of the King s army and the other Saxon nobles approved Edward s decision. Harold was crowned on January 7, However, Harold was not the only one who thought he should be the next king of England.

4 William, Duke of Normandy, claimed that Edward had promised him the throne in Then, in 1064, Harold had been shipwrecked off the Normandy coast. (William gave him shelter) William said that Harold had promised to help him become the next king of England.

5 Harald Hardrada, the King of Norway, wanted the throne because, before Edward, Norway and Denmark had provided the Viking kings of England between 1016 and Therefore, the next king should also be a Viking Harald Hadrada. He was supported by Tostig, Harold Godwinson s brother. (He had quarrelled with Harold and now wanted revenge.)

6 HARDRADA INVADES Harold kept an army on the south coast waiting for William s invasion during the summer of An unfavourable wind meant that William could not launch his invasion fleet and on September 8 th, Harold sent his army home. On September 18 th, he received news that Hadrada had landed in the Humber Estuary with 300 ships. Harold marched north to confront him with his elite troops, the housecarls. Others joined on the way.

7

8 THE BATTLE OF HASTINGS On September 29 th, just four days after Harold s victory at Stamford Bridge, near York, William landed his army near Hastings. The vast fleet of 700 ships carried 7000 infantry and cavalry. Harold marched quickly south with his force of 7000 of which only 2000 were the highly-trained housecarls.

9 Why did William win? The Normans had knights on horseback while the Saxons did not. Harold s men were very tired. Harold was killed, demoralising the Saxons. The Normans had archers, the Saxons did not. Some of Harold s best troops had been killed at Stamford Bridge. Hardrada invaded England shortly before William.

10 ( ) Reign of William I the Conqueror Soldiers rewarded: The Normans received from William lands and titles in return for their service in the invasion. All land was the king s: William claimed ultimate possession of virtually all the land in England and asserted the right to dispose of it as he saw fit. Land confiscation: William confiscated the lands of all English lords who had fought and died with Harold and redistributed most of them to his Norman supporters. These initial confiscations led to revolts, which resulted in more confiscations, in a cycle that continued virtually unbroken for five years after the Battle of Hastings.

11 Fort and castle building: To put down and prevent further rebellions, the Normans constructed a variety of forts, castles. Heir designation: If an English landholder died, the King could designate the heir, and often chose a successor from Normandy. Inheritance control: William and his barons also exercised tighter control over inheritance of property by widows and daughters, often forcing marriages to Normans. No English in upper society: The Normans displaced the native aristocracy and took control of the upper ranks of society. By 1086, French names predominated even at the lower levels of the aristocracy.

12

13 THE DOMESDAY BOOK In 1085, William sent his clerks to all manors in order to make a record of all property in the kingdom. This record is known as the Domesday Book and is actually the first statistical survey for tax purposes.

14 THE DOMESDAY BOOK The Domesady Book lists all the manors and their value.

15 Most people lived on a manor, which consisted of the castle, the church, the village, and the surrounding farm land. MANOR

16 ADMINISTRATION William governed England directly through his sheriffs and indirectly through the feudal contract with his vassals. The basic unit of administration was the Saxon shire, which the Normans called county.

17 KINGS OF HOUSE OF NORMAN, ANJOU, PLANTAGENET Henry II Witnessed a long period of peace Steady increase in trade and in population. Reformed the courts and law. Introduced the jury system made the law common Weakened the power of the lords and knights Cancelled the feudal services of forty days Asked the lords to pay a special tax. Hired professional soldiers. Robert William I William II Stephen Henry Matilda Henry II Richard I King John Henry III Edward I Edward II

18 WILLIAM S SUCCESORS When William died in 1087 while at war. He gave England to his second son, William II Rufus, and Normandy to his eldest son, Robert (c ). Henry, his third son, in due time got both England in 1100, when William II died in a hunting accident in the New Forest, and Normandy in 1106 by conquest.

19 HENRY I Henry I had no male heir at his death, and his daughter Matilda and her cousin Stephen waged a devastating civil war for the succession in England Matilda was the first female ruler of the Kingdom of England.

20 The Civil war When Henry I died, there were two contenders to the throne: Henry s daughter Matilda and Henry s nephew Stephen. The civil war ( ).

21 HENRY II Although Stephen became king, he was forced to recognise Matilda s son Henry as his heir. During the reign of Henry II ( ) the Anglo-Norman state reached its zenith.

22 HENRY II Henry ruled a vast feudal empire in England, France and Ireland. He sent a Welsh Norman, Richard de Clare, nicknamed Strongbow to subdue Ireland. In France he had more land than the French king whose vassal he was. Henry introduced several administrative reforms in England.

23 COMMON LAW He is regarded as the founder of English Common Law. Henry wanted to restore control over the church.

24 THOMAS BECKET He appointed his chancellor Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, hoping that he would help him control the church. However, Becket disappointed the king because he supported Pope Gregory VII s idea of church supremacy over lay institutions.

25 BECKET S DEATH On 29 December 1170, four of the King s knights murdered the Archbishop in front of the altar of the Canterbury Catghedral.

26 The Burial of Thomas Becket Overnight Thomas Becket became a martyr who symbolised resistance to the oppressive authority of the State.

27 PILGRIMAGES Becket s tomb became the object of pilgrimages. Geoffrey Chaucer immortalised these pilgrimages in his greatest work, The Canterbury Tales

28 Foundation of Oxford University (1167) - by scholars from Sorbonne Foundation of Cambridge University 1209

29 Henry II s successor was Richard ( ), nicknamed the Lionheart, who spent most of his time out of England on cusades. only 6 months of his reign in England. Robin Hood of Sherwood Forest and his Merry Men - paradox of Richard RICHARD I

30 RICHARD I

31 JOHN LACKLAND ( ) After Richard s death the English throne was taken by his brother John, who was one of the most unpopular kings of England weak, cruel and cowardly, already in power during Richard's absence.

32 KING JOHN King John, nicknamed the Lackland, lost most of his French possessions. He quarrelled with the barons, who forced him to sign the Great Charter (Magna Carta) in In Magna Carta, King John promised to limit the power of the King, and give all free men the right to a fair and legal trial.

33 The events leading up to Magna Carta In 1209, John had been excommunicated in a dispute over the appointment of the Archbishop of Canterbury. He had used this as an excuse to confiscate church property and sell it back to his bishops at a profit. This gave the discontented barony their opportunity. They chose as their leader the East Anglian baron, Robert FitzWalter, who styled himself 'Marshal of the Host of God and the Holy Church'.

34 MAGNA CARTA After an opening chapter guaranteeing the rights of the Church, the next 15 chapters were provisions designed to curb the king's exploitation of loopholes in feudal custom A further ten chapters dealt with finances, and another important block confirmed people's rights under the Common Law. It is these latter that have been seen as crucial, as they subjected the king to the law of the land for the first time in Britain's history, and this clause is the only one that remains on the statute books today.

35 Magna Carta lasted less than three months. By November 1215, John had the rebels' backs to the wall. The rebels, for their part, had offered the crown of England to Prince Louis of France, and he hurried reinforcements into London. At this point, the fate of Britain hung in the balance. If John failed, the kingdom of England would have fallen into French hands. And he failed. But

36 John died during the night of 18 October His death pulled the rug out from under the feet of Prince Louis. With John out of the way, the regency council, led by William Marshal, declared John's son as king Henry III and reissued Magna Carta, removing a major part of the rebels' platform. All those barons who had been prepared to oppose John now flocked to his son's standard, and the conflict shifted from a civil war over baronial rights to a war of resistance against foreign invasion.

37 MAGNA CARTA Magna Carta influenced many common law and other documents, such as the United States Constitution, and is considered one of the most important legal documents in the history of democracy. This was the first successful step in English history towards limiting the power of the King.

38 HENRY III Although Henry was charitable and cultured, he lacked the ability to rule effectively. He concluded an agreement with Pope Innocent IV ( ), offering to finance papal wars in Sicily if the Pope would grant his infant son, Edmund, the Sicilian crown. Four years later Pope Alexander IV (pope ) threatened to excommunicate Henry for failing to meet this financial obligation. Henry appealed to the barons for funds, but they agreed to cooperate only if he would accept far-reaching reforms.

39 Henry III During the reign of King Henry III, in 1258, the nobles under the leadership of Simon de Monfort, earl of Leicester ( ), elected a council called parliament (from French parler to discuss). In 1258 Henry III forced by the barons the king grants The Provisions of Oxford

40 THE PROVISIONS OF OXFORD The provisions forced King Henry III of England: to accept a new form of government in which power was placed in the hands of a council of twentyfour members, twelve selected by the crown, twelve by the barons. The selected men were to supervise ministerial appointments, local administration and the custody of royal castles. Parliament, meanwhile, which was to meet three times a year, would monitor the performance of this council.

41 MONTFORT vs HENRY III Montfort was actually a Frenchman married to the king s sister Eleanor and godfather to the king s eldest son, Edward. After capturing the king and his heir, Prince Edward, at the battle of Lewes in 1264, Montfort established a much tighter and more baronial government for England Edward escaped from captivity, defeated and killed Montfort Henry faded into the background, and Edward was the effective ruler of the country for the rest of Henry s reign until he succeeded to the throne at Henry s death in 1272.

42 EDWARD I ( ) Edward was the first king of England since the conquest with an English name (after Edward the Confessor) Edward I restored royal control and made several reforms: He limited the barons' right to hold their own courts of law; gave English common law and most important, used and developed Parliament, which was essentially the king's feudal council with a new name and an enlarged membership

43 PARLIAMENT The Model Parliament of 1295, following Montfort's pattern of 1265, consisted of great barons, bishops, abbots, and representatives of counties and towns. In 1297, to get money for his wars, Edward accepted the Confirmation of Charters, agreeing that taxes must be agreed by the Parliament. In the following century, Parliament divided into two houses, Lords and Commons, and made good claim to control taxation and to participate in the making of statutes.

44 PARLIAMENT dealt with judiciary, legislation, taxation possibility of impeachment for state dignitaries monarchy and parliament are in equal position Composition: 97 bishops, abbots 65 earls and barons 39 judges reps of lower clergy - summoned reps of counties, cities and boroughs - summoned

45 EDWARD S WELSH CAMPAIGN Edward conquered northwest Wales (1284), ending the rule of its native princes. He built stone castles, adopted the Welsh longbow as an English weapon, and named his oldest son the Prince of Wales (1301).

46 EDWARD S SCOTTISH CAMPAIGN He intervened in Scottish affairs, even claiming the Scottish throne. Having fought the Scots often but with little effect, Edward died in 1307 without having subdued the northern kingdom. 1290s - dynastic problems in Scotland - Scottish noblemen (BALLIOL and BRUCE) invite Edward I to settle matters in Scotland John Balliol elected by Edward I as king of Scotland (Scotland treated as a vassal state) John Balliol deposed but Scots are defeated in the Battle of Dunbar (1296).

47 the resistance of William Wallace Battle of Stirling Bridge (1297) - victorious; Wallace marches southward Battle of Falkirk (1298) - defeat of Wallace 1305 Braveheart is captured and executed in Edinburgh. the birth of Scottish nationalism Robert the Bruce becomes the king of Scotland, causing another campaign of Edward I Edward I dies during the Scottish campaign at Carlisle

48 EDWARD II ( ) His son, Edward II, gave up the campaign. official recognition of Scotland as an independent nation by the English and the papacy Edward II was a weak king, partly influenced by favourites Although he freed himself of baronial rule in 1322, he was forced to abdicate in European famine from 1315

Feudalism. click here to go to the courses home. page. Culture Course. Нажав на. Kate Yakovleva

Feudalism. click here to go to the courses home. page. Culture Course. Нажав на. Kate Yakovleva click here to go to the courses home Нажав на page Feudalism Kate Yakovleva Culture Course Although William was now crowned king, his conquest had only just begun, and the fighting lasted for another five

More information

Chapter 10, Lesson 3 Kingdoms & Crusades. It Matters Because: The development of law & government during the Middle Ages still affects us today.

Chapter 10, Lesson 3 Kingdoms & Crusades. It Matters Because: The development of law & government during the Middle Ages still affects us today. Chapter 10, Lesson 3 Kingdoms & Crusades It Matters Because: The development of law & government during the Middle Ages still affects us today. I. Royal Power in England A. Late 800s, Viking raids nearly

More information

BATTLE OF HASTINGS & THE NORMAN CONQUEST

BATTLE OF HASTINGS & THE NORMAN CONQUEST BATTLE OF HASTINGS & THE NORMAN CONQUEST Edward the Confessor was king of England between 1042-1066. Edward married but had no children. For a king to die without an heir was a disaster. A strong ruler,

More information

Plantagenets. Rulers of England WALLA Fall 2017 Mark & Sarita Levinthal

Plantagenets. Rulers of England WALLA Fall 2017 Mark & Sarita Levinthal Plantagenets Rulers of England 1154-1485 WALLA Fall 2017 Mark & Sarita Levinthal Pre-history of England Roman rule Saxon rule Dane and other Viking rule 2 Norman Conquest Who were the Normans? William

More information

EDEXCEL GCSE HISTORY (9-1) Anglo-Saxon and Norman England c

EDEXCEL GCSE HISTORY (9-1) Anglo-Saxon and Norman England c EDEXCEL GCSE HISTORY (9-1) Anglo-Saxon and Norman England c. 1066 88 Question 4(a) Anglo Saxon England and Norman Conquest (1060 66) 4 marks (12 Describe two features of the Church in Anglo-Saxon England

More information

Q4a (4 marks) Q4b (12 marks) Q4c (16 marks)

Q4a (4 marks) Q4b (12 marks) Q4c (16 marks) Anglo-Saxon and Norman England, c1060-88 (GCSE Edexcel Unit 2 British Depth Study) Exam Questions Q4a (4 marks) Q4b (12 marks) Q4c (16 marks) Anglo- Saxon England and the Norman Conquest, 1060-66 Describe

More information

The Normans Viking Settlers Rollo and Normandy Norsemen become Normans William of Normandy

The Normans Viking Settlers Rollo and Normandy Norsemen become Normans William of Normandy The Normans Viking Settlers The Viking Age spanned the late 8 th to the late 11 th century During this time, Vikings from Scandinavia explored Europe by its oceans and rivers for trade and plunder By the

More information

Feudalism and the manor system created divisions among people. Shared beliefs in the teachings of the Church bonded people together.

Feudalism and the manor system created divisions among people. Shared beliefs in the teachings of the Church bonded people together. A crown from the Holy Roman Empire. Feudalism and the manor system created divisions among people. Shared beliefs in the teachings of the Church bonded people together. Priests and other religious officials

More information

HISTORY DEPARTMENT. Year 7 History Exam July Time allowed: 50 minutes. Instructions:

HISTORY DEPARTMENT. Year 7 History Exam July Time allowed: 50 minutes. Instructions: HISTORY DEPARTMENT Year 7 History Exam July 2017 NAME FORM For this paper you must have: A pen Time allowed: 50 minutes Instructions: Use black or blue ink or ball-point pen Fill in the box at the top

More information

WORLD HISTORY CHAPTER 9 GERMANIC KINGDOMS

WORLD HISTORY CHAPTER 9 GERMANIC KINGDOMS WORLD HISTORY CHAPTER 9 GERMANIC KINGDOMS BOARD QUESTIONS 1) WHAT GERMANIC TRIBE RULED SPAIN? 2) WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ROMAN LAW AND GERMANIC LAW? 3) WHY DID CLOVIS BECOME CHRISTIAN? 4) WHERE

More information

England and France in the Middle Ages

England and France in the Middle Ages England and France in the Middle Ages Who ruled the Frankish Empire in this map of 814? What was the Treaty of Verdun? What problems resulted from this Treaty? Look at these maps of Europe after Charlemagne's

More information

TOPICS. Edward I and the colonisation of Wales. Edward I and the wars with Scotland (William Wallace and Robert the Bruce)

TOPICS. Edward I and the colonisation of Wales. Edward I and the wars with Scotland (William Wallace and Robert the Bruce) TOPICS Edward I and the colonisation of Wales Edward I and the wars with Scotland (William Wallace and Robert the Bruce) Edward I and the Expulsion of the Jews General facts about Edward I born in June

More information

Medieval Times: Rise of Kings

Medieval Times: Rise of Kings Medieval Times: Rise of Kings Date Rise of English Monarchs - During the Early Middle Ages, with no powerful government in place, the people and powers of the West faced constant challenges from invasion,

More information

William the Conqueror

William the Conqueror William the Conqueror 1027 1087 WHY HE MADE HISTORY William the Conqueror became one of the greatest kings of England. His conquests greatly affected the history of both England and Western Europe. how

More information

Edexcel History Paper 2 The Reigns of King Richard I and King John, Minutes

Edexcel History Paper 2 The Reigns of King Richard I and King John, Minutes Edexcel History Paper 2 The Reigns of King Richard I and King John, 1189 1216 50 Minutes Revision Guide and Student Activity Book Student Name - Key Topic 1: Life and government in England, 1189 1216

More information

Tim Jenner Dan Townsend WORKBOOK 1 AQA GCSE HISTORY SKILLS FOR KEY STAGE 3

Tim Jenner Dan Townsend WORKBOOK 1 AQA GCSE HISTORY SKILLS FOR KEY STAGE 3 Tim Jenner Dan Townsend 1066 1700 WORKBOOK 1 AQA GCSE HISTORY SKILLS FOR KEY STAGE 3 9781510432178.indd 1 2/21/18 3:41 PM Contents What this workbook is for... 3 How this book will prepare you for GCSE

More information

Unit 1 MEDIEVAL WEALTH

Unit 1 MEDIEVAL WEALTH By the Numbers MEDIEVAL WEALTH The household goods of a wealthy thirteenth-century butcher in the English town of Colchester included the following: one trestle table (with boards stored in a corner except

More information

You are. King John. Will you make wise decisions to keep your crown and remain the King of Britain?

You are. King John. Will you make wise decisions to keep your crown and remain the King of Britain? You are King John Will you make wise decisions to keep your crown and remain the King of Britain? In your group you need to consider how King John should react to various situations. Record your decisions

More information

England By: Bruce, Deon, Anthony, and Zach

England By: Bruce, Deon, Anthony, and Zach England 1066-1485 By: Bruce, Deon, Anthony, and Zach Social Structure Social and Economic Factors 12th and 13th centuries saw growth 1.5 to about 5 million people Primarily agricultural, later mining Serfs

More information

Year 7: Autumn Revision Guide

Year 7: Autumn Revision Guide Year 7: Autumn Revision Guide Section One: Society and background Anglo-Saxon Society and the role of the King The richest group of people in Anglo-Saxon society, apart from the king, were called the aristocracy,

More information

England in the Middle Ages

England in the Middle Ages England in the Middle Ages 5 Germanic Invasion In the early fifth century, the Romans had to give up their provinces on the British Isles. Here the Romans had influenced the original Celtic* population

More information

Medieval Italy After the fall of Rome, Italy and France became a series of kingdoms ruled by different German tribes mixed with the native Italian and

Medieval Italy After the fall of Rome, Italy and France became a series of kingdoms ruled by different German tribes mixed with the native Italian and Medieval Europe AD 476 is the accepted date for the transition for the Classical, or Ancient, World to the Medieval World. The fall of Rome resulted in three main cultural groups: The Byzantine Empire,

More information

Unit 6 Make-Up Work. Beginning with material that STARTS our coursework for Quarter 3

Unit 6 Make-Up Work. Beginning with material that STARTS our coursework for Quarter 3 Unit 6 Make-Up Work Beginning with material that STARTS our coursework for Quarter 3 World History Bellwork - INB 118 Title your page The Battle of Hastings Use pages 260 & 261 in your textbook to locate

More information

Unit 15: England in the Middle Ages

Unit 15: England in the Middle Ages T h e A r t i o s H o m e C o m p a n i o n S e r i e s Unit 15: England in the Middle Ages T e a c h e r O v e r v i e w Reading and Assignments Based on your student s age and ability, the reading in

More information

Year 5 History May 2017 Exam Preparation

Year 5 History May 2017 Exam Preparation Year 5 History May 2017 Exam Preparation KEY CONTENT TO REVISE 1. Three claimants - Who should be the next King of England in 1066 after Edward the Confessor? Who were the three key claimants? What claims

More information

World History (Survey) Chapter 14: The Formation of Western Europe,

World History (Survey) Chapter 14: The Formation of Western Europe, World History (Survey) Chapter 14: The Formation of Western Europe, 800 1500 Section 1: Church Reform and the Crusades Beginning in the 1000s, a new sense of spiritual feeling arose in Europe, which led

More information

Lynsey Mancini SID:

Lynsey Mancini SID: Lynsey Mancini SID: 3576892 What was the relationship between English and Norman French following the Norman Conquest? Why was the Norman Conquest important? Who was William the Conqueror? What was the

More information

LET BATTLE BEGIN. 44 Heritage December 2010 heritagemagazine.co.uk

LET BATTLE BEGIN. 44 Heritage December 2010 heritagemagazine.co.uk LET BATTLE BEGIN 44 Heritage December 2010 heritagemagazine.co.uk T O TA L G U I D E 1066 COUNTRY The Battle of Hastings England has been the setting of many battles through the centuries, but few are

More information

Module 5: Church and Society in Western Europe. Church Hierarchy. Authority of the Church. The Holy Roman Empire. Lesson 1: The Power of the Church

Module 5: Church and Society in Western Europe. Church Hierarchy. Authority of the Church. The Holy Roman Empire. Lesson 1: The Power of the Church Module 5: Church and Society in Western Europe Lesson 1: The Power of the Church Church Hierarchy Pope, Archbishops, & Bishops Lords & Knights Authority of the Church All people are Only way to avoid hell

More information

William II ( ) Henry I ( ) Henry II ( )

William II ( ) Henry I ( ) Henry II ( ) William II (1087-1100) In 1095, England was ruled by William Rufus, son of the Conqueror, who had died in 1087. William I had not been well-liked, but he had been greatly feared. William II was openly

More information

World Book Online: The trusted, student-friendly online reference tool. Name: Date:

World Book Online: The trusted, student-friendly online reference tool. Name: Date: World Book Online: The trusted, student-friendly online reference tool. World Book Student Database Name: Date: History of the United Kingdom: To 1707 The civilization of the United Kingdom developed over

More information

Reading Essentials and Study Guide

Reading Essentials and Study Guide Lesson 3 The Growth of European Kingdoms ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How can changes to political systems impact economic activities? How is society influenced by changes in political and economic systems? Reading

More information

The end of King Richard and succession.

The end of King Richard and succession. The end of King Richard and succession. King Richard did not want any rivals trying to take his crown when he was away on crusade. To this end he named Arthur of Brittany (son of his deceased older brother,

More information

2. This very often was not the case, but it established a trend, causing many Englishmen to think they had rights, which was a new term.

2. This very often was not the case, but it established a trend, causing many Englishmen to think they had rights, which was a new term. The Magna Carta 1. English kings often began their reign by issuing a declaration explaining that their predecessor had been unjust and tyrannical, and that the new king would uphold the rights of Englishmen

More information

Western Civilization Chapter 13

Western Civilization Chapter 13 Western Civilization Chapter 13 Middle Ages Time period from 400 1500. New lifestyle for most of Europe Franks Franks group of people that shaped the culture of Europe (German Invaders) Clovis King of

More information

Name Class Date. MATCHING In the space provided, write the letter of the person that matches each description. Some answers will not be used.

Name Class Date. MATCHING In the space provided, write the letter of the person that matches each description. Some answers will not be used. MATCHING In the space provided, write the letter of the person that matches each description. Some answers will not be used. 1. Co-ruler with Theodora 2. Byzantine general who reconquered territory in

More information

Chapter 9 Reading Guide/Study Guide Section One Transforming the Roman World (pages )

Chapter 9 Reading Guide/Study Guide Section One Transforming the Roman World (pages ) Due Date: Chapter 9 Reading Guide/Study Guide Section One Transforming the Roman World (pages 285-290) I. THE NEW GERMANIC KINGDOMS Name: 1. What did the Germanic Ostrogoths and Visigoths retain from the

More information

Learning Intentions. You will be able to: Describe how Henry II came to the throne.

Learning Intentions. You will be able to: Describe how Henry II came to the throne. The Angevins Learning Intentions You will be able to: Describe how Henry II came to the throne. Describe the lands of the Angevin Empire (including how they were gained). In the last section, you learned

More information

Anglo-Saxon and Norman England,

Anglo-Saxon and Norman England, Anglo-Saxon and Norman England, 1066-88 A brief overview of key people, dates and facts about England from 1060-88 Please note- events discussed in the booklet are not detailed enough to be studied without

More information

Year 7 History Scheme of Work (Overview)

Year 7 History Scheme of Work (Overview) Year 7 History Scheme of Work (Overview) Students in Year 7 begin their studies in History with an examination of life in Britain before 1066. This begins with a study of the Neolithic Revolution and its

More information

AGE OF FEUDALISM, THE MANOR, THE CATHOLIC CHURCH, THE CRUSADES, THE PLAGUE, AND HUNDRED YEARS WAR

AGE OF FEUDALISM, THE MANOR, THE CATHOLIC CHURCH, THE CRUSADES, THE PLAGUE, AND HUNDRED YEARS WAR AGE OF FEUDALISM, THE MANOR, THE CATHOLIC CHURCH, THE CRUSADES, THE PLAGUE, AND HUNDRED YEARS WAR CENTRAL GOV T OF ROME FALLS APART FAIRLY QUICKLY NORMAL LIFE DISAPPEARS: LOSS OF SAFETY, SERVICES, LAWS,

More information

Byrchall School. History Department. Revision Notes Norman England

Byrchall School. History Department. Revision Notes Norman England Byrchall School History Department Revision Notes Norman England 1066-1100 Norman England (1066-1100) Section 1 Conquest and Control Claimants to the Throne 1. Edgar Aetheling King Edward s nearest blood

More information

AGE OF FEUDALISM, THE MANOR, THE CATHOLIC CHURCH, THE CRUSADES, HUNDRED YEARS WAR, AND THE PLAGUE

AGE OF FEUDALISM, THE MANOR, THE CATHOLIC CHURCH, THE CRUSADES, HUNDRED YEARS WAR, AND THE PLAGUE AGE OF FEUDALISM, THE MANOR, THE CATHOLIC CHURCH, THE CRUSADES, HUNDRED YEARS WAR, AND THE PLAGUE CENTRAL GOV T OF ROME FALLS APART FAIRLY QUICKLY NORMAL LIFE DISAPPEARS: LOSS OF SAFETY, SERVICES, LAWS,

More information

CHAPTER 8 TEST LATE MIDDLE AGES. c. leading the Normans to victory in the Battle of Hastings.

CHAPTER 8 TEST LATE MIDDLE AGES. c. leading the Normans to victory in the Battle of Hastings. CHAPTER 8 TEST LATE MIDDLE AGES 1. William the Conqueror earned his title by a. repelling the Danish invaders from England. b. defeating the Magyars at the Battle of Lechfeld. c. leading the Normans to

More information

THE DEVIL S BROOD: THE ANGEVIN KINGS OF ENGLAND ( ) Do not use the same material in the same way in more than one answer

THE DEVIL S BROOD: THE ANGEVIN KINGS OF ENGLAND ( ) Do not use the same material in the same way in more than one answer UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA School of History Main Series UG Examination 2012-13 THE DEVIL S BROOD: THE ANGEVIN KINGS OF ENGLAND (1154-1225) HIST3C1Y Time allowed: THREE hours Answer THREE questions, ONE

More information

National 5 History. Wars of Independence, Homework PHS

National 5 History. Wars of Independence, Homework PHS National 5 History Wars of Independence, 1286-1328 Homework Section 1: Succession Problems & Balliol s reign 1. Describe the events leading to the death of Alexander III. (6) 2. Explain the reasons why

More information

How similar were the succession crises of 1066 and 1087?

How similar were the succession crises of 1066 and 1087? Task 1: Nail the concept! In 1087 there was another succession crisis (another way of saying this is that there was a disputed succession). You ve already studied one succession crisis the one that happened

More information

Unit 9: The Norman Conquest

Unit 9: The Norman Conquest T h e A r t i o s H o m e C o m p a n i o n S e r i e s T e a c h e r O v e r v i e w THE NORMAN CONQUEST was a successful invasion of England during the 11 th century by a Norman duke named William, who

More information

Middle Ages. World History

Middle Ages. World History Middle Ages World History Era of relative peace and stability Population growth Cultural developments in education and art Kings, nobles, and the Church shared power Developed tax systems and government

More information

Key Terms and People. Section Summary. The Later Middle Ages Section 1

Key Terms and People. Section Summary. The Later Middle Ages Section 1 The Later Middle Ages Section 1 MAIN IDEAS 1. Popes and kings ruled Europe as spiritual and political leaders. 2. Popes fought for power, leading to a permanent split within the church. 3. Kings and popes

More information

In the year 1314 at Bannochburn, Robert the Bruce, Earl of Carrick, Lord Brusse, King of

In the year 1314 at Bannochburn, Robert the Bruce, Earl of Carrick, Lord Brusse, King of From The Conqueror to The Bruce: The Impact of the Norman Conquest Copyright 2000 by Katherine Nell Dacus, copying or reprinting is prohibited without permission from the author. In the year 1314 at Bannochburn,

More information

Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.obu.edu/history Part of the Medieval History Commons

Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.obu.edu/history Part of the Medieval History Commons Ouachita Baptist University Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita History Class Publications Department of History 2015 The Bayeux Tapestry Andrew Gatlin Ouachita Baptist University Follow this and additional works

More information

Nation States: England and France

Nation States: England and France Name: Date: Block: Nation States: England and France The Development of Nation-States in Europe During the Middle Ages invasions by the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, Vikings, and Mongols disrupted social, economic

More information

Section 2. Objectives

Section 2. Objectives Objectives Understand why Holy Roman emperors failed to build a unified nation-state in Germany. Describe the conflict between Pope Gregory VII and Emperor Henry IV and summarize the struggle to control

More information

World History Unit 6 Lesson 1 Charlemagne & Feudalism

World History Unit 6 Lesson 1 Charlemagne & Feudalism Unit 6 Lesson 1 Charlemagne & Feudalism 1. After the fall of Rome, the migrations of Germanic peoples created several Germanic kingdoms in Europe. 2. The Franks had the strongest of these kingdoms, and

More information

Lesson 3: The Growth of European Kingdoms

Lesson 3: The Growth of European Kingdoms Chapter 10: Medieval Kingdoms in Europe, 800 1300 Lesson 3: The Growth of European Kingdoms World History Bell Ringer #45 1-12-18 1. How did craft guilds improve economic conditions in cities? A. Encouraged

More information

The Anglo-Saxon Period and The Middle Ages Theme: The Heroic and the Humble

The Anglo-Saxon Period and The Middle Ages Theme: The Heroic and the Humble The Anglo-Saxon Period 449-1066 and The Middle Ages 1066-1485 Theme: The Heroic and the Humble Before the Anglo-Saxons Roman emperor Claudius ordered conquest of Britain in AD 43 Britain considered a province

More information

What We Need to Know:

What We Need to Know: What We Need to Know: Political Changes in Europe Causes of the Decline of Feudalism The Bubonic Plague The 100 Year s War The Crusades 3 English kings make Political Changes Causes of the Decline of Feudalism

More information

Western Europe Ch

Western Europe Ch Western Europe Ch 11 600-1450 Western Europe: After the Fall of Rome Middle Ages or medieval times Between the fall of Roman Empire and the European Renaissance Dark Ages? Divide into the Early Middle

More information

AP European History - Chapter 11 Crisis of the Later Middle Ages Class Notes & Critical Thinking

AP European History - Chapter 11 Crisis of the Later Middle Ages Class Notes & Critical Thinking Focus Question: What impact did the Black Death have on the society and economy of Europe? Opposing Viewpoints: Causes of the Black Death: Contemporary Views pg 302 1. What were the different explanations

More information

Monarchs, nobles, and the Church all struggled for power. As monarchs amassed power, the foundations for modern law were laid.

Monarchs, nobles, and the Church all struggled for power. As monarchs amassed power, the foundations for modern law were laid. Chapter Review Chapter Summary Section 1: Royal Power Grows Monarchs, nobles, and the Church all struggled for power. As monarchs amassed power, the foundations for modern law were laid. Section 2: The

More information

Welcome to Selective Readings in Western Civilization. Session 9

Welcome to Selective Readings in Western Civilization. Session 9 Welcome to Selective Readings in Western Civilization Session 9 Nine Steps for Answering a Document Based Question Step 1: Closely examine the Task Step 2: Understand Key Terms within the Question Step

More information

Western Civ. IH. England to Page 9

Western Civ. IH. England to Page 9 Western Civ. IH France to the 1200s England to 1300 Rise of the Papacy Page 5 Page 9 Page 13 GERMANY TO THE 1200S But by 1000, kings in various European countries had begun to try to reduce anarchy and

More information

Geoffrey Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales

Geoffrey Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales Geoffrey Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales Early Life Born c. 1340 Son of a prosperous wine merchant (not nobility!) In his mid teens, he was placed in the service of the Countess of Ulster more education

More information

TruthQuest History Middle Ages Maps, Timeline & Report Package

TruthQuest History Middle Ages Maps, Timeline & Report Package A J T L Grades 5 and up TruthQuest History Middle Ages Maps, Timeline & Report Package A Journey Through Learning www.ajourneythroughlearning.com Copyright 2011 A Journey Through Learning 1 Please check

More information

Introduction: Medieval Scotland

Introduction: Medieval Scotland Introduction: Medieval Scotland Learning Intentions You will be able to: Describe Scotland in the twelfth century, with reference to: Population The structure of society Daily life Trade Government Religion

More information

HISTORY PAMPHLET History Pamphlet CNP JAN 2018

HISTORY PAMPHLET History Pamphlet CNP JAN 2018 HISTORY PAMPHLET Table of Contents A- Course Summary Notes B- Exam Format C- Model Questions D- Mark Schemes and Model Answers Course Summary Notes Evidence-Based Topics For June 2018, the focus is on

More information

Chapter XX The Days of the Northmen

Chapter XX The Days of the Northmen In the days after the death of Charles the Great, while his grandsons and their sons were fighting over his lands, the Northmen or Danes whom he had dreaded so much were sail ing the seas and attacking

More information

Wayne E. Sirmon HI 103 World History

Wayne E. Sirmon HI 103 World History Wayne E. Sirmon HI 103 World History History 103 World History to 1500 November 17 On-line Quiz Chapter 12 November 21-25 Thanksgiving Holiday November 30 On-line Quiz Chapter 13 December 1 Article 4 approval

More information

The Middle Ages. The Middle Ages The Basics. - Between , small kingdoms replaced provinces - Germans? How did that happen?

The Middle Ages. The Middle Ages The Basics. - Between , small kingdoms replaced provinces - Germans? How did that happen? The Middle Ages The Basics When? What? (fall of Roman Empire) - Between 400-600, small kingdoms replaced provinces - Germans? How did that happen? Impact of Germanic Invasions Concept of Government Changes

More information

English Literature Chapter 7 Middle Ages Who s on First? More Powerful than a Locomotive Catholic Church

English Literature Chapter 7 Middle Ages Who s on First? More Powerful than a Locomotive Catholic Church English Literature Chapter 7 Middle Ages Who s on Fiirst? Knights, ladies, swashbuckling adventure--who could ask for more? The Middle Ages were a time of conquest, division, and invention. But it also

More information

The High Middle Ages ( )

The High Middle Ages ( ) Chapter 9, Section World History: Connection to Today Chapter 9 The High Middle Ages (1050 1450) Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights

More information

Please read these instructions carefully, but do not open the question paper until you are told that you may do so. This paper is Section 2 of 2.

Please read these instructions carefully, but do not open the question paper until you are told that you may do so. This paper is Section 2 of 2. ANGLO-SAXON, NORSE, AND CELTIC ADMISSIONS ASSESSMENT Thursday 2 November 2017 D561/12 60 minutes SECTION 2 Candidate number A Centre number d d m m y y y y Date of birth First name(s) Surname / Family

More information

Medieval Europe. Timeline Cards

Medieval Europe. Timeline Cards Medieval Europe Timeline Cards ISBN: 978-1-68380-006-4 Subject Matter Expert Bradley Mollmann Illustration and Photo Credits Title Martin Hargreaves Chapter 1 Martin Jung/imageBROKER / imagebroker Chapter

More information

'The Tudor Monarchs Did Not Like Governing Through Parliament'

'The Tudor Monarchs Did Not Like Governing Through Parliament' 'The Tudor Monarchs Did Not Like Governing Through Parliament' Szerzõ dezs Angol érettségi tétel 'The Tudor Monarchs Did Not Like Governing Through Parliament' Religious Issues Firstly I would like to

More information

OUR HERITAGE: The PRINCIPLES THAT FORMED US

OUR HERITAGE: The PRINCIPLES THAT FORMED US OUR HERITAGE: The PRINCIPLES THAT FORMED US 1.Predominant theory: Divine Right The origins of this theory are rooted in the medieval idea that God had bestowed earthly power to the king, just as God had

More information

The High Middle Ages

The High Middle Ages Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. Chapter 9, Section World History: Connection to Today Chapter 9 The High Middle Ages

More information

The Formation of Western Europe, The Formation of Western Europe, Church Reform and the Crusades.

The Formation of Western Europe, The Formation of Western Europe, Church Reform and the Crusades. The Formation of Western Europe, 800 500 The Formation of Western Europe, 800 500 Europeans embark on the Crusades, develop new commercial and political systems, and suffer through bubonic plague and the

More information

7.34 Demonstrate understanding of the conflict and cooperation between the Papacy and European monarchs, including Charlemagne, Gregory VII, and

7.34 Demonstrate understanding of the conflict and cooperation between the Papacy and European monarchs, including Charlemagne, Gregory VII, and 7.34 Demonstrate understanding of the conflict and cooperation between the Papacy and European monarchs, including Charlemagne, Gregory VII, and Emperor Henry IV. (H, P) Term Hint Definition Excommunicate

More information

HISTORY 123: ENGLAND TO 1688 FALL SEMESTER, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday at 11-11:50, 1131 Humanities.

HISTORY 123: ENGLAND TO 1688 FALL SEMESTER, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday at 11-11:50, 1131 Humanities. HISTORY 123: ENGLAND TO 1688 FALL SEMESTER, 2005 Monday, Wednesday, and Friday at 11-11:50, 1131 Humanities. email: jsommerv@wisc.edu This course deals with more than sixteen hundred years of British history,

More information

History. Revision guide

History. Revision guide LEARN ASPIRE ACHIEVE HEANOR GATE SCIENCE COLLEGE Develop all learners to achieve their full potential Create a culture of aspiration History Revision guide In History, we aim to inspire within all students

More information

Chapter 13 Reading Guide: European Middle Ages

Chapter 13 Reading Guide: European Middle Ages Chapter 13 Reading Guide: European Middle Ages 500-1200 Name Hour Section 1: Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms (P. 353) 1. What were the Middle Ages? Invasions of Western Europe 2. Germanic invaders

More information

Middle Ages: Feudalism

Middle Ages: Feudalism Middle Ages: Feudalism - Study Guide - -Franks and Charlemagne - 1. List all names for the Middle Ages. 2. What did Charles The Hammer Martel do? 3. Explain Charlemagne s accomplishments. 4. Explain the

More information

Justinian. Byzantine Emperor Reconquered much of the old Roman Empire Code of Justinian

Justinian. Byzantine Emperor Reconquered much of the old Roman Empire Code of Justinian Byzantine Empire Constantine moved the capital of the Roman Empire from Rome to Byzantium, a Greek city in the eastern part of the empire. Ruled over the Balkan Peninsula, the Middle East and parts of

More information

The following activity is designed to help assess the level of threat posed by Warbeck to Henry VII.

The following activity is designed to help assess the level of threat posed by Warbeck to Henry VII. Teaching notes The following activity is designed to help assess the level of threat posed by Warbeck to Henry VII. Activity on: giant card sort Print the statements A K (p.2) and give students one statement

More information

Anglo Saxon History lecture

Anglo Saxon History lecture Anglo Saxon History lecture The Invaders:The groups and approximate time period of their invasions of Britain include: 1. 2000 BC Groups from the Iberian peninsula (modern-day Spain and Portugal) 2. 600

More information

Chapter 13 Reading Guide: European Middle Ages

Chapter 13 Reading Guide: European Middle Ages Chapter 13 Reading Guide: European Middle Ages 500-1200 Section 1: Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms (P. 353) 1. What were the Middle Ages? Name: Hour Invasions of Western Europe 2. Germanic invaders

More information

Chapter 8. The Rise of Europe ( )

Chapter 8. The Rise of Europe ( ) Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. Chapter 8, Section Chapter 8 The Rise of Europe (500 1300) Copyright 2003 by Pearson

More information

Conquest When a country is taken over by another: for example the Norman Conquest after 1066

Conquest When a country is taken over by another: for example the Norman Conquest after 1066 Anglo-Saxons A tribe of people from Germany who settled in Britain before the Norman Conquest Conquest When a country is taken over by another: for example the Norman Conquest after 1066 Crusade A Holy

More information

viii Contents III. The Twelfth Century Introduction Monarchy, Thrones and Territory The Throne of England...45 A. Henry I...46

viii Contents III. The Twelfth Century Introduction Monarchy, Thrones and Territory The Throne of England...45 A. Henry I...46 Contents I. Introduction...1 1. The Conversation on Sunday Afternoon...1 2. Utopia...1 3. Facts...3 4. Casus Belli in Practice...3 5. Volume Two...4 II. The Eleventh Century...5 1. Introduction...5 2.

More information

Section Quiz Chapter 9. Name ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo Date ooooooooooooooooooooooooo Class ooooooooooooooo

Section Quiz Chapter 9. Name ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo Date ooooooooooooooooooooooooo Class ooooooooooooooo Section Quiz 9-1 DIRECTIONS: Matching Match each item in with an item in. 1. lived in convents 2. fine paid by a wrongdoer 3. religious pratice of monks 4. bishop of Rome 5. Charles the Great A. wergild

More information

The Early. Middle Ages. The Rise of Christianity Charlemagne Feudalism The Vikings

The Early. Middle Ages. The Rise of Christianity Charlemagne Feudalism The Vikings The Early Middle Ages The Rise of Christianity Charlemagne Feudalism The Vikings Section Focus After Rome fell the world entered into chaos. Time of warfare, violence, and religion. Time period known as

More information

Geoffrey Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales

Geoffrey Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales Geoffrey Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales Born c. 1340 Son of a prosperous wine merchant Early Life Father received an inheritance In mid teens, he was placed in the service of Prince Lionel, son of King

More information

English Literature. The Medieval Period. (Old English to Middle English)

English Literature. The Medieval Period. (Old English to Middle English) English Literature The Medieval Period (Old English to Middle English) England before the English When the Romans arrived, they found the land inhabited by Britons. known as the Celts Stonehenge no written

More information

1. Why did I choose this subject?...page 4 2. A comment...page 4 3. William s family tree...page 5 4. William s Childhood...Page 5 5.

1. Why did I choose this subject?...page 4 2. A comment...page 4 3. William s family tree...page 5 4. William s Childhood...Page 5 5. 1. Why did I choose this subject?...page 4 2. A comment...page 4 3. William s family tree...page 5 4. William s Childhood...Page 5 5. William the Duke of Normandy...Page 6 6. Hastings...Page 6 7. The Bayeux

More information

London: The Holy War

London: The Holy War Justin Fox 5/14/08 Dimensions of History Professor Swanson London: The Holy War One of the events that take place in Edward Rutherfurd s novel London is the crusades, most notably the one that is led by

More information

Background: What was the Church and why was it important?

Background: What was the Church and why was it important? Background: What was the Church and why was it important? To fully understand the issues at stake in this topic, we need firstly to work out what the Church was and why it was so important during this

More information

Chapter 8: The Rise of Europe ( )

Chapter 8: The Rise of Europe ( ) Chapter 8: The Rise of Europe (500-1300) 1 The Early Middle Ages Why was Western Europe a frontier land during the early Middle Ages? How did Germanic kingdoms gain power in the early Middle Ages? How

More information

Answer three questions, which must be chosen from at least two sections of the paper.

Answer three questions, which must be chosen from at least two sections of the paper. www.xtremepapers.com Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge Pre-U Certifi cate *0123456789* HISTORY (PRINCIPAL) 9769/01A Paper 1A British History Outlines c. 300 1547 For Examination from 2016

More information

The Medieval Period

The Medieval Period The Medieval Period 1066 1485 The Norman Conquest William the Conqueror (French-Norman) defeated Harold Godwinson to win British throne French language and culture took over French language of the nobility

More information