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1 ( ) ( )` ` ` Histoire des Croisades et royaume franc de Jerusalem v.iii 2006 ( )pp ( R. Grousset). 2 Stephen Hemphreys From Saladin to the Mongols The Ayyubids of Damascus New York 1977 p ( Stephen Hemphreys).

2 148. (1225) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ` II ( R. Grousset p. 382). 6 (...)

3 ` Stephen Hemphreys p ( Faraj Bar Hebraeus eng. tr. Ernert A. Wallis Budge Amsterdam 1976 p.395 Bar Hebraeus). 10

4 ` 14 ` Stephen Hemphreys p Ibn al Athir AlKamil fi ltarikh t. X Beirut 2003 pp ( ` ) 13 Bar Hebraeus p

5 17 (XIII.) I XIIIXVIII II. / / 3 /. 1976/ 605 /.. / 19 C. Moutafian t. I Paris 2012 p Alexis G. C. Savvides Byzantium in the Near East Its relations with the Seljuk sultanate of Rum in Asia Minor the Armenians of Cilicia and the Mongols A. D. c Thesalonics 1981 p.181 ( ` Alexis G. C. Savvides).

6 152. ` ` ( ) ( ) ` IV ` IV ` `

7 ` ) ` 23 Ibn alathir AlKamil fi ltarikh t. X Beirut 2003 pp pp Bar Hebraeus p

8 154. ( ) ( ) ( ) XIII ` Ibn alathir AlKamil fi ltarikh t. X Beirut 2003 pp Alexis G. C. Savvides p. 181.

9 1243) 155 ( ) 31 XIII (1230 ` ( ) 32 ( ) Claude Cahen Paris 1940 p

10 156. Vahan TerGhevondian About the Participation of Cilician Armenians in the Yerzinka Battle of 1230 The creation and development of the Armenian state in Cilicia approximately coincides with the epoch of Seldjuk and Mongol domination in the Middle East (XIXIV cc.). During that period a number of decisive battles took place each of them defining the fate of local states for some decades. The Yerzinka (or Yasi Chimen ) battle of 1230 can be considered as one of those decisive fights where the united forces of the local states defeated the Khorezm army of Djalal aldin. The latter was keeping in terror the whole region for about six years. There were two leading forces in the battle of Yerzinka the Seldjuk sultanate of Iconium and the united forces (Damascus Aleppo Homs Hama Diyar Mudar Banyas Mayyafarikin) of the Ayyubid dera The Arab and Syriac historians (Ibn alathir alnasawi Bar Hebraeus et c.) reporting about this battle provide information only on Seldjuks and the Ayyubids as members of the coalition. In that sense the reports of Armenian historians of 13 th c. Kirakos Gandzakeci (History of Armenia) and Anonimus of Sebaste (Chronicle) are exceptional. They inform about participation of Armenians and Franks together with the Muslim contingents in the coalition. Though they precise that the number of Armenians and Franks was less than 1000 (in an army of soldiers) ll the same the fact of participation is important to reveal the nuances of the foreign policy of the Kingdom of Cilicia especially in a period of time when there are few reports. statements of abovementioned Armenian authors. At the same time a thorough research of the foreign policy of the Armenian kingdom and the analysis of the power balance in the region in demonstrates the credibility of their reports. Following the death of sultan Salah aldin (1193) his empire was divided among his sons and his brother. Northern Syria with a center in Aleppo became the possession of his son almalik aldhahir. He his governance the relations with Cilician Armenia were tense and even hostile for some years (the war of ). But the conditions were completely changed in After almalik aldhahir passed away his infant son came to power under the tutelage of a regent (atabek) Shihab

11 157 aldin Tughril. Meanwhile the Aleppo emirate itself came under the patronage of Ayyubide rulers of Mosul. In the same period through the last years of Levon I ( ) certain weakening became apparent in Cilicia which coincided with an unprecedented strengthening of the sultanate of Iconium and an aggressive behavior of the County of AntiochiaTripoli. All these changes that took place in the region eventually made Sis and Aleppo natural allies. One can find at least two eloquent evidences of mutual assistance (with soldiers weapons or diplomacy) between the Armenian kingdom and the Aleppo emirate. In 1219 Armenians helped the Ayyubids of Aleppo and Mosul confronting the sultanate of Iconium (source Continuer of Michael the Syrian) while in 1226 it was the turn of Aleppo to help the Armenian kingdom in its struggle against the County of AntiochiaTripoli and the sultanate of Iconium (source Ibn alathir). Most probably the battle against the army of Djalal aldin was another occasion to continue the established cooperation between the two countries. The comparison of the reports of historical sources makes us to think that the Christian soldiers participated in the Yerzinka battle together with the contingents of the Ayyubid army. The latter was four defeating the huge army of Khorezm. Personal relationship also could contribute to the involvement of the Cilician Armenians in the coalition in 1230 the de facto rulers of both Northern Syria and Cilicia were the regents Shihab aldin Tughril and Constantin Bayl who had already played a role in the establishment of previous alliances and had preserved personal contacts. Obviously the result of Yerzinka battle in 1230 had a positive impact on Cilicia as the invasion of the hordes of Djalal aldin into the flourishing kingdom of Cilicia could be a disaster. On the other hand after the defeat of the Khorezmian army the sultanate of Iconium got rid of serious adversaries and started to extend its influence towards east and south. Under the new circumstances Armenian king Hethum I had to avoid the direct confrontation with the powerful sultanate in the 30s and early 40s of 13 th c. and temporarily recognize the supremacy of the sultans of Iconium. At the same time the Cilician Armenians were ready to use any opportunity to get rid of dependency on the northern neighbor. To a large extent it explains the position of the Armenian kingdom towards Dagh (Chimankatuk) in 1243 and the subsequent dynamic efforts of the Armenian political elite for the sake of establishing a durable alliance with the Mongols.