Isaiah 43:1-7, Surprisingly few text critical issues. (43:1) Note syntax. Participles with pronominal suffixes. (43:2) Arb s-ṭ-f.

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1 1 Isaiah 43:1-7, Surprisingly few text critical issues. (43:1) 427b. form, fashion under BDB = יצר Note syntax. Participles with pronominal suffixes. 145a. I = redeem, act as kinsman under BDB גאל 1 ב שמ ך (43:2) BDB716b. pass over, through, by, pass on under = עבר 625b. stream, river under BDB = נ ה ר overflow. overflow, rinse or wash off under BDB 1009a. Akk šaṭāpu = שטף Arb s-ṭ-f. preposition. Note less common form of במו cauterize. burn, scorch, brand under BDB 464b. Rare. Arm. Arb kawa(y) = כוה 629a. flame under BDB = ל ה ב ה (43:3) ( ) = III כפר village under BDB 499a. Root = כ פ ר (43:4) 429b. precious, rare, splendid under BDB = י ק ר 1 Versions add 2ms suffix, read קראתי ך so I have called you. ב שמ ך is a bit odd and difficult to understand here.

2 2 Remarkable statements in this verse. Grammatical note = Causal מ ן or מ א שר (because, because of). The object of the preposition מ ן can be the cause of something else. The object of מ ן can be a noun, a pronoun, an infinitival phrase, or a clause. See Williams, 319. A causal clause can begin with with מ ן or.מ א שר See Williams, 534. (43:5) 280b. place of sunrise, east under BDB = מ ז ר ח = II west (Late Biblical Hebrew) under BDB 788a. Sure enough see מ ע ר ב Richard M Wright, Linguistic Evidence for the Pre-Exilic Date of the Yahwistic Source, LHB/OTS (JSOTS) 419 (Sheffield: T and T Clark, 2005), and Richard M Wright, Further Evidence for North Israelite Contributions to Late Biblical Hebrew, in Ian Young (ed), Biblical Hebrew Studies in Chronology and Typology (London: T and T Clark, 2003), Basically I argue this word for west (1) was present in Israelean Hebrew during the pre-exilic period and (2) became part of Late Biblical Hebrew during the post-exilic period. suffix. Note strong אקבצך (43:6).צפון Qal imperative 2fs. And grammatical gender of נתן Note form ת נ י "south, south wind" (chiefly poetry, Priestly source, Ezekiel) under BDB = ת ימ ן 412b. Very rare. Root ימן II = go to, choose the right, use the right hand. Akk kālū. Arb.כ ל א shut up, restrain, withhold under BDB 476a. Arm = כלא kālaʾa protect (Quran 21:43). off. cut = קצה end, extremity under BDB 892a. Root = ק צ ה (43:7)

3 3 2 ולכבודי suffix(es). verbs Qal suffix 1cs + 3ms ה Note forms III בראתיו יצרתיו אף ע שיתיו (43:16) be strong. Note how = עזז "strong, mighty, fierce under BDB 738b. Root = ע ז the 2 nd ז returns with the mpa ending. prominent. swell forth, become = נתב path under BDB 677a. Root = נ ת יב ה Be careful not to misread the syntax. Literally in-waters mighty / (a) path. (43:17) 939a. chariotry, chariot, mill-stone; (apparently also) riders under BDB = ר כ ב be = חול חיל strength, efficiency, wealth, army under BDB 298b. Root = ח י ל firm, strong. rare. mighty, powerful under BDB 739a. Very = ע ז וז verb. can be used to negate a finite בל Note how בל יקומו.ד ע י ך go out, be extinguished (poetry and wisdom) under BDB 200a. Arm = דע ך rare. flax > wick under BDB 834a. Very = פ ש ת ה be quenched, extinguished, go out (of fire or lamp) under BDB 459b. Arm = כבה (rare). (of light or eyes) כ ב א (43:18) front. be before, in = קדם former, eastern under BDB 870b. Root = ק ד מ נ י בין discern under BDB 106b. Arb bāna become separated, be distinct. Sab = בין (the) wise. 2 A few manuscripts, Syh Syriac, Vulgate (=?) omit. ו Not a huge difference.

4 4 Note use of אל to negate verbs in volitive(?) voice. (43:19) posterity. צמח "sprout, spring up" under BDB 855a. Ph = מצח be desolate (compare = י שם waste, wilderness under BDB 445a. Root = י ש ימ ון.( שמם 625b. 3 stream, river under BDB = נ ה ר (43:20) "be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured, Piel make heavy; make = כבד honourable, honour, glorify under BDB 457a. Ph PN כבדת honoured one. Akk כבדו kabādu, kabātu grow or be heavy. Arb kabadu(n) difficulty, distress. Zinj honour. Sab כבודה gifts of honour. live. = חיה "living thing, animal" under BDB 313b. Root = ח י ה howl? lament, = תנן jackal under BDB 1072a. Root = ת ן cupidus, avidus, = יען "greed; ostrich?" under BDB 419a. Rare. Root = י ע נ ה daughter of greed = ostrich. 1052a. = Hiphil cause to drink water, give to drink under BDB שקה Rare. chosen under BDB 104b. = ב ח יר (43:21) this (poetic? undeclinable), a relative (particle? pronoun?) so that under = ז ו BDB 262a. Grammatical note = The relative pronoun ז ו (who, which, that). The relative pronoun ז ו (also spelled ז ו and (ז ה is rare and occurs only in poetry. See Williams 129a. 427b. form, fashion under BDB = יצר 3 1QIsa a. נתיבות So?

5 5 239b. praise, song of praise under BDB = ת ה ל ה?ס פ ר = Piel recount, relate under BDB 707b. Ancient denominative from ספר