Chapter 30 Hiphil Strong Verbs

Transcription

1 Chapter 30 Hiphil Strong Verbs 30-1 Meaning of the Hiphil Stem Spelling Hiphil Strong Verbs Ambiguities and Tricky Points Parsing Practice Translation Practice

2 The Hiphil often describes causing an action 30-2 Active Passive Reflexive Simple Qal Niphal Niphal He saw He was seen He saw himself Cause Piel Pual Hithpael a state He caused him to be angry He was caused to be angry He made himself angry Cause Hiphil Hophal an action He caused to see = he showed He was caused to be seen = he was showed

3 The Hiphil Often Describes Causing an Action 30-3 יצא Qal he went out Hiphil he caused to go out = he brought out אכל Qal he ate Hiphil he caused to eat = he fed ראה Qal he saw Hiphil he caused to see = he showed

4 Some Hiphil Verbs are NOT Causative 30-4 Entering into the state expressed by the Qal זקן Qal he is old Hiphil He grew old Declaring someone to be in the state expressed by the Qal רשׁע Qal to be guilty Hiphil to declare guilty Simple action (like the Qal) שׁכב Hiphil He arose early

5 Chapter 30 Hiphil Strong Verbs 30-5 Meaning of the Hiphil Stem Spelling Hiphil Strong Verbs Ambiguities and Tricky Points Parsing Practice Translation Practice

6 Hiphil Parsing code H 30-6 ה Hiphil verbs begin with ק ט יל ה HP3ms ק ט ל ה HM2ms / HA ק ט יל ה H Imperfect and Participle have their usual preformatives ט יל י ק HI3ms ק ט יל תּ HI(3f/2m)s ק ט יל א HI1cs ט יל נ ק HI1cp ק ט יל מ HPtMS

7 Remember Hiphil-Haphil 30-7 Preformative vowel V P shifts like V 1 in piēl-paēl V P = in the perfect ה HP V P = elsewhere ה HM, H, HA נ / א / תּ / י מ in the participle in the imperfect

8 Hiphil Stem Vowel Pattern Î[A] ~ Î(Ē) Î[A] Î ( י ) in the Perfect 3 rd person A ( ) in the Perfect 1 st and 2 nd person ~ Î(Ē) י י ( Î ) in the Imperfect, Imperative, & Ē ( ) in the FP 30-8 ק ט יל ה ק ט ל תּ י ה ט יל י ק ט ל נ ה ק תּ As expected: י י ( Î ) in the Participle Ē ( ) in the Infinitive Absolute ק ט יל מ ק ט ל ה

9 Exceptions to the Hiphil Stem Vowel Pattern 30-9 HM2ms uses Ē ( ) when there is no pronominal suffix טלללל ט ט ט ק ק ה י י ( Î Expected it to be ) like the HI2ms Singular Jussive and Iwc often use Ē ( ) ט יל י ק י ק ק טלללל ט ט ט טלללל ט ט ט and ו יּ ק ק

10 Hiphil Stem Vowel: Defective and Irreducible י י ( Î The Hiphil stem vowel ) can be written defectively as Hireq ים E.g., ית שׁ שׁח חי חי חי מ ים vs. Judg 20:42 ת ח ח ח ח שׁ שׁ מ Gen 19:13 י י ( Î Hiphil stem vowel ) never reduces Because it is an unchangeable long vowel ט טי טי טי יל לה לה לה ה E.g., HP3fs ק ק ה Even when it is written defectively י ס סגּ גּ גּ גּ רוּוּוּוּ E.g., HI3mp י כ תּ רוּ,

11 What to Memorize for the Hiphil Parsing code H י י hiphil-haphil V P = I ( Hireq ) in the Perfect V P = A ( Pathach ) elsewhere Hiphil verbs begin: ה Perfect ה Imperative,, A י Imperfect ( נ / א / תּ / (י מ Participle V S = Î[A] ~ Î(Ē) Î י is irreducible and can be written defectively as HM2ms uses Ē ( ) if no pronominal suffix Î ( י ) often Ē ( ) in singular HJ, HIwc

12 Chapter 30 Hiphil Strong Verbs Meaning of the Hiphil Stem Spelling Hiphil Strong Verbs Ambiguities and Tricky Points Parsing Practice Translation Practice

13 1-Guttural Imperfect Verbs Hiphil Imperfect begins י Qal Imperfect begins י For 1-guttural verbs Qal Imperfect begins י or י Distinguish by stem vowel. י י Hiphil has which never reduces י ע מ ד is QI3ms because V S = יד י ע מ is HI3ms because V S = י verbs lose the stem vowel ambiguous ה- 3 י ע ל ה is עלה (Q/H)I3ms

14 Don t confuse ה with Niphal Preformative Hiphil Perfect begins ה (hiph îl) Niphal Imperative/Infinitive begins ה ה ק ט יל ה קּ ט ל ה

15 Chapter 30 Hiphil Strong Verbs Meaning of the Hiphil Stem Spelling Hiphil Strong Verbs Ambiguities and Tricky Points Parsing Practice Translation Practice

16 Chapter 30 Parsing Randomized (1/4) ג דּ ילוּ ה.2 שׁ מ יד ה.3 תּ ירוּ ו יּ ס.4 ג דּ יל ים מ.5 ז כּ יר תּ.6 כּ לּ ת.7 ק ר ב נוּ ה.8 ר ב ו נּ ק.9 ז כּ ירוּ ה.10 שׁ ל יכוּ ה גדל HP3cp They made great to destroy They hid ones who make great שׁמד H סתר HIwc3mp גדל HPtMP HI(3f/2m)s (she/you) will make known זכר זכר כלה D to finish we brought near we brought near make known! throw down! קרב HP1cp קרב HIwc1cp זכר HM2mp שׁלך HM2mp

17 Chapter 30 Parsing Randomized (2/4) ז כּ ר נ ה תּ.12 ילוּ ו יּ ג דּ.13 ז כּ ירוּ תּ.14 ל ך ו יּ שׁ.15 ה ג דּ יל ל.16 ק ר יבוּ ה.17 בּ ט ח י תּ.18 ס תּ יר ה א.19 שׁ ל י ך א.20 ר יב נ ק זכר HI(2/3)fp (they/you) will make known HIwc3mp גדל they made great (boasted) you will make known he threw down to make great גדל זכר HI2mp שׁלך HIwc3ms גדל ל+ H HP3cp קרב they brought near (sacrificed) you will be trusted I shall hide I shall throw down קרב בטח NI2fs סתר HC1cs שׁלך HI1cs HI1cp קרב we will bring near (sacrifice) קרב

18 Chapter 30 Parsing Randomized (3/4) ז כּ יר ה.22 ק ר יבוּ תּ.23 מ לּ א ים מ.24 שׁ ל יכ ה מ.25 בּ ט ח י ה.26 ה שׁ מ יד ל.27 ע ל ת.28 ז כּ ר נ ה ה.29 ז כּ יר א.30 שׁ ל כ ת מ זכר H to make known HI2mp קרב you will bring near (sacrifice) קרב מלא DPtMP ones filling throwing down שׁלך HPtFS N(M2fs/ +1cs) בטח be trusted!/my being trusted to destroy to go up make known! I will make known throwing down בטח שׁמד ל+ H עלה Q זכר HM2fp זכר HI1cs שׁלך HPtFS

19 Chapter 30 Parsing Randomized (4/4) שׁמד H(M2ms/A) שׁמד HP1cs שׁמד HIwc3ms זכר H +3ms סתר HPtFP.31 שׁ מ ד ה.32 שׁ מ ד תּ י ה.33 מ ד ו יּ שׁ.34 ז כּ יר ה ס תּ יר ת.35 מ destroy! to destroy I destroyed he destroyed to make him known ones hiding

20 Chapter 30 Hiphil Strong Verbs Meaning of the Hiphil Stem Spelling Hiphil Strong Verbs Ambiguities and Tricky Points Parsing Practice Translation Practice

21 30-21 גּ ר א נ כ י ב א ר ץ א ל תּ ס תּ ר מ מּ נּ י מ צ ת י ך (Psalm 119:19) ס תּ ר תּ = סתר HJ2ms may you hide! Negated by,אלללל א א א so it is Jussive י י ( Shortened ), so it is Jussive I am a foreigner in the land. Do not hide your commandments from me!

22 ו א נ כ י ה ס תּ ר א ס תּ יר פּ נ י בּ יּ ם ה ה וּא ע ל כּ ל ה ר ע ה א שׁ ר ע שׂ ה כּ י פ נ ה א ל א לה ים א ח ר ים (Deut 31:18) ס תּ ר ה = ס תּ יר א = ה ע שׂ = ה פ נ = סתר HA to hide סתר HI1cs I will hide עשׂה QP3ms he did פנה QP3ms he turned But I will certainly hide my face in that day, on account of [ע על על על ל] all the wickedness which he did, because he turned to other gods.