Ahnentafel of Marguerite d'alsace

Transcription

1 Ahnentafel of Marguerite d'alsace --- 1st Generation Marguerite 1 d'alsace (André Roux: Scrolls from his personal genealogical research. The Number refers to the family branch numbers on his many scrolls, 118, 169.) (Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners in ISBN: (1001 North Calvert Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 1992), Page 97, Line ). Married Name: de Hainaut. AKA: Marguerite, Comtesse de Flandre (P.D. Abbott, Provinces, Pays and Seigneuries of France in ISBN: (Author at 266 Myrtleford, 3737, Australia: Priries Printers Pty. Ltd, Canberra A.C.T., Australia, November, 1981), Page 292.). AKA: Marguerite de Lorraine. Married Name: de Vermandois. Born: in 1145 at Alsace, France, daughter of Thierry I, Count de Flandre and Sibylle d'anjou. Married circa 1160: Raoul II, Count de Vermandois,, son of Raoul I, Count de Vermandois and Alise=Pétronelle de Poitou (Raoul II was Marguerite's first husband). Note - in 1168: Marguerite was the heiress of Flanders. Married on 12 Apr 1169: Baudouin V, Count de Hainaut,, son of Baudouin IV, Comte de Hainaut and Alice=Ermesende de Namur (By virtue of this marriage Flandre was rejoined to the House of Hainaut and Baudouin V, Comte de Hainaut became also Baudouin VIII, Comte de Flandre [in 1191]). Died: on 15 Nov 1194 Marguerite is burried in Bruges (Brugge), capital of occidental Flanders, Belgium nd Generation Thierry I, Count 2 de Flandre (André Roux: Scrolls, 169.) (Stuart, Page 97, Line ). AKA: Thierry, Count de Flandre Thierry became Comte de Flandre in 1128 (Abbott, Page 292.). AKA: Thierry III, Comte d'alsace. AKA: Thierry de Lorraine. Born: in 1099 at Alsace, France, son of Thierry, Duke d'alsace and Gertrude de Flandre. Note - in 1128: Thierry became the Count of Flanders in 1128 in right of his mother. Married before 1129: Swanhilde N? (Swanhilde was Thierry II's first wife). Married between 1130 and 1134 at France: Sibylle d'anjou,, daughter of Fouques V, King de Jérusalem and Éremburge, Countess du Maine (Sibylle was Thierry II's second wife). PaterAlter between 1134 and 1135 Thierry I, Count de Flandre/Gertrude d'alsace (an unknown value). Died: on 17 Jan Sibylle 2 d'anjou (André Roux: Scrolls, 147, 169.) (Stuart, Page 112, Line ). Married Name: de Flandre. Married Name: Clito. Born: in 1112, daughter of Fouques V, King de Jérusalem and Éremburge, Countess du Maine. Married in 1123: William Clito,, son of Robert III, Duke de Normandie and Sybille di Conversano (William was Sibylle's first husband). Annulled she and William Clito: in 1124 at France (an unknown value). Married between 1130 and 1134 at France: Thierry I, Count de Flandre,, son of Thierry, Duke d'alsace and Gertrude de Flandre (Sibylle was Thierry II's second wife). MaterAlter: between 1134 and 1135 Gertrude d'alsace/sibylle d'anjou. Died: in 1165 at Bethlehem, Palestine, Holy Land rd Generation Thierry, Duke 3 d'alsace (André Roux: Scrolls, 118, 169.) (Stuart, Page 115, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts on the Genealogy Bulletin Board of the Prodigy Interactive Personal Service, was a member as of 5 April 1994, at which time he held the identification MPSE79A, until July, His main source was Europaseische Stammtafeln, 23 January 1995 at 02:39 Hours.). AKA: Dietrich II, Duke de Lorraine. AKA: Dietrich II d'alsace. AKA: Thierry, Comte de Flandre By his marriage to Gertrude, Thierry became Comte de Flandre. His family would rule Flandre until 1191, when his daughter Marguerite married Baudouin V, Comte de Hainaut, and returned Flandre to the Hainaut line. Also Known As: Thierry "Le Vaillant" (Abbott, Page 541.). Note -: Thierry was Duke of the Upper Lorraine. Born: in 1060, son of Gérard IV, Count d'alsace and Hadvis=Hadwige de Namur. Married circa 1075: Hedwig von Formbach,, daughter of Frédérick von Formbach and Gertrude von Haldensleben (Hedwig married Thierry after her first husband, Gerhard von Supplinburg in the Herzgau was slain on 9 May She was his first wife. Hedwig was Thierry's first wife). Married between 1095 and 1096: Gertrude de Flandre,, daughter of Robert I, Count de Flandre and Gertrude de Saxe (Thierry was Gertrude's second husband, and she was his second wife) (Paul Theroff, posts, Posted at ftp://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/lor1.txt, on 07 April 1996 at 03:45 Hours.). Died: on 23 Jan 1115 Thierry is buried at Châtenois. 5. Gertrude 3 de Flandre (André Roux: Scrolls, 118, 169.) (Stuart, Page 152, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 04 February 1995, at 15:14 Hours.) (Abbott, Page 292.). Married Name: de Louvain. Married Name: d'alsace. Born: circa 1070, daughter of Robert I, Count de Flandre and Gertrude de Saxe. Married before 1091: Henry III, Count de Louvain,, son of Henri II, Count de Louvain and Adèle=Alix de Turinge (Henry III was Gertrude's first husband and they had four daughters). Note - in 1093: Gertrude was the heiress of Flanders. Married between 1095 and 1096: Thierry, Duke d'alsace,, son of Gérard IV, Count d'alsace and Hadvis=Hadwige de Namur (Thierry was Gertrude's second husband, and she was his second wife) (Paul Theroff, posts, Posted at ftp://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/lor1.txt, on 07 April 1996 at 03:45 Hours.). Died: in Fouques V, King 3 de Jérusalem (André Roux: Scrolls, 147, 241.) (Stuart, Page 37, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.). Also Known As: Fouques "Le Jeune." Born: in 1092 at France, son of Fouques IV, Count d'anjou and Bertrade de Montfort. Married between 14 Apr 1108 and 11 Jul 1110: Éremburge, Countess du Maine,, daughter of Hélie, Seigneur de La Flèche and Mathilde, Dame de Château-du-Loir (Some sources indicate that Éremburge and Fouques V were married before 14 April 1109, while others claim they were married in 11 July 1110) (Walter D., Jr. Perro, The Ancient, Royal, and Colonial America Ancestry of Walter D. Perro, Jr., Draft A. (n.p.: Self, 8-Feb-1995 at 16:17 Hours.), Page 2., Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed, G. Paget "Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales."). AKA: Foulques V, Comte du Maine (Citing: Père Anselme, Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la Maison Royale de France, des Pairs, Grands Officiers de la Couronne et de la Maison du Roy: et des anciens Barons du Royaume, Collection H&G, (édition originale et suppplément de Potier de Courcy en 12 volumes), n.d.). AKA: Fouques V, Count d'anjou Fouques V spent much of his time trying to submit his vassals. In 1129, being widowed of Ermentrude, heiress du Maine, he was chosen to marry Mélisende, daughter of Baudouin II, King de Jérusalem. That same year, he handed over Anjou and Maine to his son, Geoffroy Plantagenêt. Fouques became King de Jérusalem, where he was succeeded by his sons of the second marriage (Ibid.) (Abbott, Page 144.). AKA: Foulques V, Comte de Tours

2 ( Note - between 1128 and 1131: On 2 June 1128, the envoys of King Baudouin II of Jerusalem are sent to ask King Louis VI "Le Gros" de France, to name a prince, who by marrying the only daughter of their King, would one day reign on the Kingdom of Christ. King Louis VI named Foulques V. Fouques V became King of Jerusalem in Married on 2 Jun 1129: Mélisende de Rethel,, daughter of Baudouin II, King de Jérusalem and Malfia = Moraphia de Mélitène (Mélisende was Fouques V's second wife. By his marriage to Mélisende, Fouques V became King of Jerusalem). Buried: in 1143 at Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem, Holy Land. Died: on 10 Nov 1143 at Saint-Jean-d'Acre, Palestine, Holy Land, Fouques V is buried at the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem. 7. Éremburge, Countess 3 du Maine (André Roux: Scrolls, 147, 241.) (Stuart, Page 223, Line ) (Abbott, Page 130.). AKA: Ermentrude, Dame de Château-du-Loir (Abbott, Page 134.). Married Name: de Jérusalem. AKA: Éremburge de Mans. Born: circa 1096 at Maine, France, daughter of Hélie, Seigneur de La Flèche and Mathilde, Dame de Château-du-Loir. Married between 14 Apr 1108 and 11 Jul 1110: Fouques V, King de Jérusalem,, son of Fouques IV, Count d'anjou and Bertrade de Montfort (Some sources indicate that Éremburge and Fouques V were married before 14 April 1109, while others claim they were married in 11 July 1110) (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 2., Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed, G. Paget "Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales."). Note - in 1110: Éremburge was the heiress of Maine. Died: on 15 Jan th Generation Gérard IV, Count 4 d'alsace (André Roux: Scrolls, 169, 193.) (Stuart, Page 115, Line ). AKA: Gérard, Count de Châtenois. AKA: Gérard IV, Duke de Lorraine Gérard IV became the Duke of the Haute Lorraine in 1048 (Abbott, Page 541.). Born: before 1026, son of Gérard III, Count d'alsace and Gisèle de Metz, Gérard IV was born before Béatrix. Married before 1056: Hadvis=Hadwige de Namur,, daughter of Albert=Adalbert I, Count de Namur and Ermengarde=Adélaïde=Ermentrude de Lorraine. Died: on 14 Apr 1070 at Remiremont, Vosges, Lorraine, France. 9. Hadvis=Hadwige 4 de Namur (André Roux: Scrolls, 169, 193, 197.) (Stuart, Page 115, Line ). Married Name: d'alsace. Born: before 1010, daughter of Albert=Adalbert I, Count de Namur and Ermengarde=Adélaïde=Ermentrude de Lorraine. Married before 1056: Gérard IV, Count d'alsace,, son of Gérard III, Count d'alsace and Gisèle de Metz. Died: between 1075 and 1080 Gary Murray's sources indicate Hedwig died 28 January 1067 (Source is from a note posted on the Genealogy Electronic Bulletin Board of the Prodigy Interactive Personal Service a computer online service, by Gary Murray [Prodigy ID# SJJA18A] under Subject "de Lorraine", 31 October 1997 at 14:29 Hours.). 10. Robert I, Count 4 de Flandre (André Roux: Scrolls, 113, 118.) (Stuart, Page 152, Line ). AKA: Robert I, Count de Hollande. Also Known As: Robert "Le Frison" (Abbott, Page 292.). Born: circa 1035 at France, son of Baudouin V, Comte de Flandre and Adèle=Alix, Princess de France. Note - between 1062 and 1071: Robert was Count of Holland, France ( ) during the minority of his stepson, and Count of Flanders in Married in 1063 at Belgium: Gertrude de Saxe,, daughter of Bernard II, Duke de Saxe and Elica von Schweinfürt. Died: on 3 Oct Gertrude 4 de Saxe (André Roux: Scrolls, 113, 118.) (Stuart, Page 223, Line ). Married Name: de Flandre. Married Name: de Hollande. Born: circa 1030, daughter of Bernard II, Duke de Saxe and Elica von Schweinfürt. Married in 1050: Florent I, Count de Hollande,, son of Dietrich III, Count of West Friesland and Orthelendis von der Nordmark (Gertrude was Florent I's first wife). Married in 1063 at Belgium: Robert I, Count de Flandre,, son of Baudouin V, Comte de Flandre and Adèle=Alix, Princess de France. Died: on 4 Aug Fouques IV, Count 4 d'anjou (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Stuart, Page 37, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.) (K.S.B. Keats-Rohan (Ed.), Family Trees and the Roots of Politics: The Prosopography of Britain and France from the Tenth to the Twelfth Century, ISBN: 0-

3 , (Rochester, NY: Boydell & Brewer, Inc., 1997), Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages ). AKA: Fouques, Comte de Gâtinais In 1068, Fouques deposed his older brother Geoffroy III, and became Comte de Gâtinais. To obtain the complicity of King Philippe I, he ceded him in 1069 the County of Gâtinais (Abbott, Page 39.). Also Known As: Foulques "Le Querelleux" ( Also Known As: Fouques "Le Réchin" (Abbott, Page 144.). Note -: (an unknown value). Born: in 1043 at France, son of Geoffroy IV Férréol, Count de Gâtinais and Ermengarde d'anjou (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 257.). Married before 1067: Hildegarde de Beaugency,, daughter of Lancelin=Landry II, Seigneur de Beaugency and Alberge N? (Hildegarde was Fouques IV's first wife). AKA: Foulques IV, Comte du Maine Comte 1068 to 1103, then co-comte 1103 to 1106, then Comte ( AKA: Foulques IV, Comte de Tours Comte 1068 to 1103, then co-comte 1103 to 1106, then Comte (Ibid.). Married in 1070: Ermengarde de Bourbon,, daughter of Archambaud IV, Sire de Bourbon and Béliarde N? (Ermengarde was Fouques IV's second wife). Divorced Ermengarde de Bourbon: between 1073 and 1076 ( Married in 1076: Ermengarde de Châtel-Aillon,, daughter of Isembert de Castellion and N? N? (Ermengarde was Fouques IV's third wife). Divorced Ermengarde de Châtel-Aillon: in 1080 ( Married between 1080 and 1087: N? de Brienne (She was Fouques IV's fourth wife). Married in 1089: Bertrade de Montfort,, daughter of Simon I, Seigneur de Montfort and Agnès d'évreux (Bertrade was Fouques IV's fifth wife). Divorced Bertrade de Montfort: on 15 Apr Died: on 14 Apr Bertrade 4 de Montfort (André Roux: Scrolls, 147, 168.) (Stuart, Page 68, Line ). Married Name: de France. Married Name: d'anjou. Born: circa 1060 at Montfort-l'Amauri, Toulousain, Languedoc, France, daughter of Simon I, Seigneur de Montfort and Agnès d'évreux. MaterAlter: circa 1078 Constance d'antigny/bertrade de Montfort. Married in 1089: Fouques IV, Count d'anjou,, son of Geoffroy IV Férréol, Count de Gâtinais and Ermengarde d'anjou (Bertrade was Fouques IV's fifth wife). Divorced Fouques IV, Count d'anjou: on 15 Apr Married in 1093: Philippe I, King de France,, son of Henri I, King de France and Anne, Queen de France. She witnessed the separated: of Bertrade de Montfort and Philippe I, King de France in Died: on 14 Feb 1117 at Abbey de Fontevrault, Fontevrault, Maine-et-Loire, Anjou, France. 14. Hélie, Seigneur 4 de La Flèche (André Roux: Scrolls, 53, 196, 241, 256.) (Stuart, Page 223, Line ) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., Phil Currie, "Delano, Sarah", posted on 29 October 1995 at 01:13 Hours.). AKA: Hélie de Beaugency. AKA: Hélie, Seigneur de Ballon. AKA: Élie, Comte de Saint-Saens (Abbott, Page 130.). AKA: Élie, Count du Maine (Ibid.). Born: circa 1068 at France, son of Jean, Seigneur de La Flèche and Paule II du Maine. Note - in 1090: Hélie purchased Le Maine, and became the Count du Maine, in the year Married in 1090 at France: Mathilde, Dame de Château-du-Loir,, daughter of Gervais II, Seigneur de Château-du-Loir and Aremburge N? (Mathilde was Hélie's first wife. Hélie's second wife was Agnès d'aquitaine). Died: on 11 Jul 1110 Hélie is buried in the Abbey de La Coutoure du Mans. 15. Mathilde, Dame 4 de Château-du-Loir (André Roux: Scrolls, 53, 241, 256.) (Stuart, Page 248, Line ) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., Phil Currie, "Delano, Sarah", posted on 29 October 1995 at 01:13 Hours.). Married Name: de La Flèche. AKA: Mahaut, Dame de Château-du-Loir (Abbott, Page 134.). Born: circa 1070 at Maine, France, daughter of Gervais II, Seigneur de Château-du-Loir and Aremburge N? Married in 1090 at France: Hélie, Seigneur de La Flèche,, son of Jean, Seigneur de La Flèche and Paule II du Maine (Mathilde was Hélie's first wife. Hélie's second wife was Agnès d'aquitaine). Died: in 1099 (André Roux: Scrolls.) th Generation Gérard III, Count 5 d'alsace (André Roux: Scrolls, 169, 193.) (Stuart, Page 115, Line ). AKA: Gérard, Marquis de Lorraine. AKA: Gérard, Count de Lorraine. AKA: Gérard, Duke de Lorraine Gérard was Duke of Upper Lorraine. AKA: Gerhard, Count de Metz. Born: before 985, son of Adalbert II, Duke de Lorraine and Judith=Jutta N?, Gérard is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Adalbert III was born. Married before 1000: Gisèle de Metz (Roderick Stuart's "Royalty for Commoners" cites the marriage as before 979, but he also cites the marriage of Adalbert II and his wife Judith, parents of Gérard, as before 979). Died: in Gisèle 5 de Metz (André Roux: Scrolls, 169, 193.) (Stuart, Page 115, Line ). Married Name: d'alsace. Born: before 985 Gisèle is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Adalbert III was born. Married before 1000: Gérard III, Count d'alsace,, son of Adalbert II, Duke de Lorraine and Judith=Jutta N? (Roderick Stuart's "Royalty for Commoners" cites the marriage as before 979, but he also cites the marriage of Adalbert II and his wife Judith, parents of Gérard, as before 979). 18. Albert=Adalbert I, Count 5 de Namur (André Roux: Scrolls, 193, 197, 217.) (Stuart, Page 274, Line ). Born: before 980 at Belgium, son of Ratbode=Robert I, Count de Namur and Ermengarde de Lorraine, Albert I is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when he married Ermengarde. Married in 990: Ermengarde=Adélaïde=Ermentrude de Lorraine,, daughter of Charles, Prince de France and Bonne=Adélaïde d'ardenne. Died: in Ermengarde=Adélaïde=Ermentrude 5 de Lorraine (André Roux: Scrolls, 193, 197, 217.) (Stuart, Page 88, Line ). Born: between 0970 and 0975, daughter of Charles, Prince de France and Bonne=Adélaïde d'ardenne. Married in 990: Albert=Adalbert I, Count de Namur,, son of Ratbode=Robert I, Count de Namur and Ermengarde de Lorraine. Died: in Baudouin V, Comte 5 de Flandre (André Roux: Scrolls, 79, 118.) (Stuart, Page 103, Line ). AKA: Baudouin, Regent de France. Also Known As: Baudouin "Le Pieux" (von Redlich, Marcellus Donald R., Pedigrees and Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendants in ISBN: (1001 North Calvert Street, Baltimore, MD 21202: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1996), Page 183.). Also Known As: Baudouin "Le Débonnaire" (Abbott, Page 292.). AKA: Baudouin V de Lille (Stuart, Page 103.). Born: circa 1013 at Flandre, Belgium, son of Baudouin IV, Count de Flandre and Ogive = Cunégonde de Luxembourg. Married in 1028 at France: Adèle=Alix, Princess de France,, daughter of Robert II, King de France and Constance de Provence (Baudouin V was Adèle's second husband). Note - between 1060 and 1067 at France: Baudouin V was the Regent of France from 1060 to Died: on 1 Sep 1067 at Lille, Nord, Flandre, France. 21. Adèle=Alix, Princess 5 de France (André Roux: Scrolls, 79, 118.) (Stuart, Page 102, Line ) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., Ear Roberts "Capet" posted on 4 October 1995 at 14:33 hours.). AKA: Adélaïde, Countess de Contenance. Married Name: de Normandie. Married Name: de Flandre. Born: in 1009, daughter of Robert II, King de France and Constance de Provence, Some sources indicate that Adèle=Alix was born in Married in Jan 1027 at France: Richard III, Duke de Normandie,, son of Richard II, Duke de Normandie and Judith de Bretagne. Married in 1028 at

4 France: Baudouin V, Comte de Flandre,, son of Baudouin IV, Count de Flandre and Ogive = Cunégonde de Luxembourg (Baudouin V was Adèle's second husband). Died: on 8 Jan 1079 at Messina, Messina, Sicily, Some sources indicate that Adèle=Alix died in Bernard II, Duke 5 de Saxe (André Roux: Scrolls, 113.) (Stuart, Page 223, Line ). Born: circa 995, son of Bernard I, Duke de Saxe and Hildegarde von Stade. Married between 1019 and 1020: Bertrade, Princess of Norway,, daughter of Harold II, King of Norway and N? N? Married in 1020: Elica von Schweinfürt,, daughter of Heinrich von Schweinfürt and Gerberge von Henneberg ( Died: on 29 Jun Elica 5 von Schweinfürt (Stuart, Page 198, Line ). Married Name: Eilika de Saxe (Paul Theroff, posts, Posted on the Internet, at ftp://members.aol.com/ptheroff/witlsbc1.txt, 4 August 1996 at 03:30 hours.). MaterAlter: Ide=Relinde de Saxe/Elica von Schweinfürt. Born: before 1010, daughter of Heinrich von Schweinfürt and Gerberge von Henneberg, Elica is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Bernard II. Married in 1020: Bernard II, Duke de Saxe,, son of Bernard I, Duke de Saxe and Hildegarde von Stade ( Died: after Geoffroy IV Férréol, Count 5 de Gâtinais (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Stuart, Page 37, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.) (Abbott, Page 39.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 257.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 257, 264.). AKA: Geoffroy II de Château-Landon. AKA: Albéric "Le Bref", Comte de Château-Landon (Abbott, Page 39.). Born: circa 1004 at Château-Landon, Champagne, France, son of Hugo, Sire du Perche and Béatrice de Mâcon, The parentage of Geoffroy II may be in question. Stuart takes the information of others and shows Geoffroi II as son of Geoffroy III. Settipani cites numerous other works, including a Charter in Paris of 26 May 1026 that show Geoffroy II/IV son of Hugues du Perche [via Beatrix's second marriage] as follows: "in comitatu Vuastinensi, Gosfredo, comiti Landonensi castri... Albericum, illius supradicti Gosfredi filium et heredem, et insuper, faventibus fratibus ipsius Alberici,filiis Hugonis Pertice, silicet Gosfredo et Letoldo" (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages ). PaterAlter circa 1004 Geoffroy IV Férréol, Count de Gâtinais/Geoffroy III, Count de Gâtinais (an unknown value) (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 1., Citing NEHGR 99:34-37.). Married in 1035: Ermengarde d'anjou,, daughter of Foulques III, Count d'anjou and Hildegarde de Metz. AKA: Gausfred, Comte de Gâtinais (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 232.). Died: on 11 Apr 1046 (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Pages 2, 4 16:10 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed, G. Paget "Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales."). 25. Ermengarde 5 d'anjou (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Stuart, Page 69, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.). Married Name: Blanche de Bourgogne. Born: either 1010 or 1018 at France, daughter of Foulques III, Count d'anjou and Hildegarde de Metz, Stuart indicates Ermengarde was born in 1018, but Settipani shows she was born in 1010 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 265.). Married in 1035: Geoffroy IV Férréol, Count de Gâtinais,, son of Hugo, Sire du Perche and Béatrice de Mâcon. Married in 1048: Robert, Duke de Bourgogne,, son of Robert II, King de France and Constance de Provence. Died: on 21 Mar 1076 at Fleury-sur-Ouche, Normandie, France, Ermengarde was murdered and some sources indicate it was on 18 March 1076 (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 4 16:10 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed, G. Paget "Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales."). 26. Simon I, Seigneur 5 de Montfort (André Roux: Scrolls, 168.) (Stuart, Page 68, Line 90-29; Page 125, Line ). AKA: Simon I, Seigneur de Montfort-l'Amaury. Born: circa 1026 at France, son of Amaury II, Seigneur de Montfort and Bertrade de Gometz. Married circa 1055 at France: Isabeau de Broyes,, daughter of Hughes dit Bardoul, Seigneur de Broyes and N? N? (Isabeau was Simon I's first wife. Isabeau's dowry brought the Châtellenie of Nogent to her husband, Simon I) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Contenant lesa Généalogies, l'histoire et la Chronologie des Familles Nobles de France in Volumes, 1 to 15 (Seconde Édition; Rue St-Jacques, Paris: Antoine Boudet, Libraire-Imprimeur du Roi, ( )), Tome III (Volume 3), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 277.). Married before 1060: Agnès d'évreux,, daughter of Richard, Comte d'évreux and Adélaïde de Barcelone (Agnès was Simon I's fifth wife, and he was her third husband). Died: in 1087 Simon I is buried at Épernon, France. 27. Agnès 5 d'évreux (André Roux: Scrolls, 168, 242.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ). Married Name: de Montfort. Born: circa 1030 at Évreux, Normandie, France, daughter of Richard, Comte d'évreux and Adélaïde de Barcelone. Married before 1060: Simon I, Seigneur de Montfort,, son of Amaury II, Seigneur de Montfort and Bertrade de Gometz (Agnès was Simon I's fifth wife, and he was her third husband). 28. Jean, Seigneur 5 de La Flèche (André Roux: Scrolls, 196, 241.) (Stuart, Page 223, Line ). AKA: Jean, Lord de Beaugency. AKA: Jean, Comte du Maine (Abbott, Page 130.). Born: before 1050 at La Flèche, Sarthe, Anjou, France, son of Lancelin I, Seigneur de Beaugency and Paule I du Maine, André Roux's data supports the notion that Lancelin married Paule I du Maine who became Jean's mother. Married before 1067 at France: Paule II du Maine,, daughter of Hughes V, Count du Maine and Gersende de Mayenne. Died: in 1097 Jean is buried at Saint-Aubin-d'Angers, Anjou, France. 29. Paule II 5 du Maine (André Roux: Scrolls, 196, 241.). Married Name: de La Flèche. Born: before 1053 at France, daughter of Hughes V, Count du Maine and Gersende de Mayenne, Paule is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Hélie was born. Some sources indicate that the Paule du Maine who married Jean, Seigneur de La Flèche was the daughter of Herbert I "Éveille-Chiens", Count du Maine. That assertion is inconsistent with André Roux's data which has Paule II as the granddaughter of Paule I du Maine. Consistent with Turton's "Plantagenet Ancestry", André Roux has Paule I as wife of Lancelin I, Seigneur de Beaugency, daughter of Herbert I, and mother of Jean I de Beaugency, Seigneur de La Flèche who married Paule II. Paule II then would be the granddaughter-daughter of Paule I's sister, and she in turn married Paule II's son Jean. Paule II would have to be younger than Jean. Roderic Stuart's "Royalty for Commoners" does not ackowledge the existence of two Paule du Maine and asserts that they are one in the same person and that Turton therefore made an error. Married before 1067 at France: Jean, Seigneur de La Flèche,, son of Lancelin I, Seigneur de Beaugency and Paule I du Maine. 30. Gervais II, Seigneur 5 de Château-du-Loir (André Roux: Scrolls, 53, 256.) (Stuart, Page 248, Line ) (Abbott, Page 134.). Born: before 1052 at Château du Loir, Sarthe, Maine, France, son of Robert, Seigneur de Château-du-Loir and Élizabeth N?, Gervais is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his daughter Mathilde was born. Married before 1069: Aremburge N?,, daughter of N? N? and Mathilde N? Died: circa 1095.

5 31. Aremburge 5 N? (André Roux: Scrolls, 53, 256.). Married Name: de Château-du-Loir. Born: before 1055, daughter of N? N? and Mathilde N?, Aremburge=Eremburge is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Mathilde was born. Married before 1069: Gervais II, Seigneur de Château-du-Loir,, son of Robert, Seigneur de Château-du-Loir and Élizabeth N? --- 6th Generation Adalbert II, Duke 6 de Lorraine (André Roux: Scrolls, 169, 193.) (Stuart, Page 115, Line ). AKA: Adelbert II, Count d'alsace. AKA: Adalbert II, Count de Saargau. AKA: Adalbert, Marquis d'alsace Adalbert was Margrave (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Gary Murray [Prodigy ID# SJJA18A] under Subject "de Lorraine", 31 October 1997 at 14:29 Hours.). AKA: Adelbert II, Count de Metz Adelbert was Comte de Metz (Ibid.). Born: before 969, son of Éberard=Richard, Count d'alsace and N? N?, Adelbert II was alive in the year 974, and is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when he married Judith. Married before 979: Judith=Jutta N? Note - in 1005: Adelbert II was a Count in the Saargau, Alsace, France (Ibid.). Died: in 1033 at Bouzonville, Moselle, Lorraine, France, Adelbert II died on his return from Jerusalem where he was involved in the crusades. 33. Judith=Jutta 6 N? (André Roux: Scrolls, 169.) (Stuart, Page 115, Line ). Married Name: de Lorraine. Born: before 969 Judith is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Adalbert II. Married before 979: Adalbert II, Duke de Lorraine,, son of Éberard=Richard, Count d'alsace and N? N? Died: after 1032 Judith was alive in the year 1032, and is buried in Bouzonville. 36. Ratbode=Robert I, Count 6 de Namur (André Roux: Scrolls, 197.) (Stuart, Page 274, Line ). AKA: Robert I, Count de Lomme. Born: before 946 at Belgium, son of Bérenger, Count de Namur and N? de Hainaut, Ratbode was alive in the year 946. Married before 979: Ermengarde de Lorraine,, daughter of Otto, Count de Lorraine and N? N? Died: in Ermengarde 6 de Lorraine (Ibid.). Married Name: de Namur. Born: before 965, daughter of Otto, Count de Lorraine and N? N?, Ermengarde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Adalbert I was born. Married before 979: Ratbode=Robert I, Count de Namur,, son of Bérenger, Count de Namur and N? de Hainaut. 38. Charles, Prince 6 de France (André Roux: Scrolls, 191, 193, 217.) (Stuart, Page 88, Line ) (André Castelot, Alain Decaux, Marcel Jullian et J. Levron, Histoire de La France et des Français au Jour le Jour (Librairie Académique Perrin, 1976), Tome 1, Page 387.). AKA: Charles de Laon. AKA: Charles I, Duke de Lorraine. Born: in 953 at Laon, Ile-de-France, France, son of Louis IV, King de France and Gerberge de Saxe, Some sources assert that this Charles was born in the year 943. Married before 970: Bonne=Adélaïde d'ardenne,, daughter of Godefroy, Count d'ardenne and N? N? Note - in 977: Charles became the Duke of the Basse-Lorraine [Lower Lorraine] in 977. Died: on 21 May 992 Some sources assert that this Charles died in the year Bonne=Adélaïde 6 d'ardenne (André Roux: Scrolls, 191, 217.). Born: before 955, daughter of Godefroy, Count d'ardenne and N? N?, Bonne is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Ermengarde was born. Married before 970: Charles, Prince de France,, son of Louis IV, King de France and Gerberge de Saxe. 40. Baudouin IV, Count 6 de Flandre (André Roux: Scrolls, 118, 200.) (Abbott, Page 292.). AKA: Baudouin IV de Lille. AKA: Baldwin IV, Count de Valenciennes Baudouin IV was created Comte de Valenciennes in 1007 (von Redlich, Page 235.). Also Known As: Baudouin "Le Barbu" (von Redlich, Page 183.). AKA: Baudouin IV, Comte d'artois. Born: circa 980 at Flandre, Belgium, son of Arnoul II, Count de Flandre and Rosèla=Suzanne, Princess of Italy. Married between 1005 and 1012: Ogive = Cunégonde de Luxembourg,, daughter of Frédéric I, Count de Luxembourg and Ermentrude, Countess von Gleiberg (Ogive was Baudouin IV's first wife). Married after 1013: Éléonore de Normandie,, daughter of Richard II, Duke de Normandie and Judith de Bretagne (Éléonore was Baudouin IV's second wife. While earlier sources indicate that Baudouin IV and Éléonore were married, the 1980's edition of E.S. dropped her, and also changed Judith's parentage, and indicates that no daughter of Richard II de Normandie married Baudouin IV. By extension, it may also be that Baudouin IV did not marry twice). PaterAlter in 1028 Baudouin IV, Count de Flandre/Judith de Normandie (an unknown value). Died: on 30 May Ogive = Cunégonde 6 de Luxembourg (André Roux: Scrolls, 118, 200.) (Stuart, Page 247, Line ). Married Name: de Flandre. Born: circa 995 at Luxembourg, daughter of Frédéric I, Count de Luxembourg and Ermentrude, Countess von Gleiberg. Married between 1005 and 1012: Baudouin IV, Count de Flandre,, son of Arnoul II, Count de Flandre and Rosèla=Suzanne, Princess of Italy (Ogive was Baudouin IV's first wife). Died: on 21 Feb 1030.

6 Robert II, King of France. Robert II is excommunicated. 42. Robert II, King 6 de France (André Roux: Scrolls, 79, 80, 114.) (Elizabeth M. Hallam, Capetian France: in ISBN: (Burnt Mill, Harlow, Essex, UK: Longman Group, Ltd., 1980), Page 71.) (Stuart, Page 99, Line ) (Castelot, Tome I, Pages ; Tome II, Page 490.). Also Known As: Robert "Le Pieux." AKA: Robert II, Duke de Bourgogne Arms: "Bandé d'or et d'azur à six pièces à la bordure de gueules" (Abbott, Page 198.). Born: between 27 Mar 970 and 972 at Orléans, Loiret, Orléanais, France, son of Hughes II, King de France and Adélaïde de Poitiers, Some sources indicate that Robert II was born in the year 972 while other indicate the date 27 March 970 which would make his birth some three months after his father, Hughes Capet's, marriage to his mother, Adélaïde. Married before 984 at France: Constance de Provence,, daughter of Guillaume I/II, Count de Provence and Adélaïs=Adèle d'anjou (Constance was Robert II's third wife. Constance would immediately satisfy Robert's needs for a male heir by giving him four boys, but her cruelty [when Constance spotted one of her mentors accused of heresy opn his way to the pyre to be burned alive, she stepped up to him and pierced one of his eyes with the pin of her corsage] and Southern ways would alienated and antagonize the Court. The couple remained married beyond 1010, after Robert had been persuaded by Pope Sergius IV not to divorce Constance, but continued to quarrel until Robert's death. Hughes, their eldest son, was crowned in 1017, but died in The next son, Henry, was Robert's choice, but Constance favored their third son, Robert and fomented rebellions in his favor). Married in 989: Rosèla=Suzanne, Princess of Italy,, daughter of Bérenger II, King of Italy and Willa d'arles (It is considered a strange idea on the part of Hughes that his young son should marry a woman who was some 32-years [some say she was even 37 years] older than Robert. In 988, she had become the widow of Arnoul II de Flandre. She is quite pretty but has "troubling" black eyes, but most importantly, she brings as dowry Montreuil-sur-Mer. This will allow the capetian sovereigns to have access to the French Channel). Repudiated: Rosèla=Suzanne, Princess of Italy in 992 at France Robert II repudiated his wife because she was "an old woman", but he would keep the dowry of Montreuil-sur-Mer. Note - between 0996 and 1031: Robert II became King of France upon the death of his father on 24 October 996. In 1000, Angers is destroyed by fire. When the King's Uncle, Henri, Duke of Burgundy died without heir in Married in 997 at Tours, Indre-et-Loire, Touraine, France: Princess Berthe de Bourgogne,, daughter of Conrad I, King de Bourgogne and Mahaut=Mathilde, Princess de France (Robert had made Berthe, the beautiful widow of the Count of Anjou, his mistress in 996. But because it was better to sin a little bit than to sin a lot, he married her as King. They are related in the third degree, and Robert is the godfather of one of Berthe's children. This spiritual relationship makes the marriage incestuous in the eyes of the Church. In 998, the Council, called by then Pope Gregory V, stipulates that Robert should leave Berthe forever, and do penance for 7 years in accordance with the laws of the Church. In the midst of the deliberations, Gregory V dies and is replaced by Pope Sylvester II who is none other than the Monk, Gerbert, ancient mentor of the King. However, while the pronouncement of an anathema is lifted, the excommunication is maintained. In 1001, Robert concedes. Two years later, in 1003, he marries Constance. That same year on 7 February 1003, the old Queen Suzanne died). Repudiated: Princess Berthe de Bourgogne between 1001 and Died: on 20 Jul 1031 at Meulun, Seine-et-Oise, Ile-de- France, France, Robert II is buried at Saint Denis. 43. Constance 6 de Provence (André Roux: Scrolls, 79, 114.) (Hallam, Page 73.) (Stuart, Page 236, Line ). Married Name: de France. AKA: Constance d'arles. AKA: Constance de Toulouse. Note -: Constance was an imperious and unscrupulous woman who polarized the French court into two factions: one favoring herself and the Angevin faction, the other Bertha and her sons. Soon after the death of Robert Le Pieux in 1031, Constance seized on behalf of her son and favorite Robert the towns and castles of Senlis, Sens, Béthisy, Dammartin, Le Puiset, Melun and Poissy. She bought the support of Odo II of Blois by handing over half of Sens to him. Henry, the designated and crowned heir to the throne fled for assistance to Robert the Magnificent, Duke of Normandy, and obtained help from Gulk de Nerra as well. Thus, Henry was able to regain Poissy, Le Puiset, and Constance surrendered to him. Her first cousin, Fulk Nerra had Hugues, Count de Beauvais (one of Bertha's sons) assassinated in In 1010, the King tried to divorce Constance, but was dissuaded from this by Pope Sergius IV. Born: before 970 at Anjou, France, daughter of Guillaume I/II, Count de Provence and Adélaïs=Adèle d'anjou. Married before 984 at France: Robert II, King de France,, son of Hughes II, King de France and Adélaïde de Poitiers (Constance was Robert II's third wife. Constance would immediately satisfy Robert's needs for a male heir by giving him four boys, but her cruelty [when Constance spotted one of her mentors accused of heresy opn his way to the pyre to be burned alive, she stepped up to him and pierced one of his eyes with the pin of her corsage] and Southern ways would alienated and antagonize the Court. The couple remained married beyond 1010, after Robert had been persuaded by Pope Sergius IV not to divorce Constance, but continued to quarrel until Robert's death. Hughes, their eldest son, was crowned in 1017, but died in The next son, Henry, was Robert's choice, but Constance favored their third son, Robert and fomented rebellions in his favor). Died: on 25 Jul 1032 at Meulan, Seine-et-Oise, Ile-de-France, France (Stuart, Page 236.). Buried: on 28 Jul 1032.

7 44. Bernard I, Duke 6 de Saxe (Stuart, Page 223, Line ). AKA: Benno Billung. Born: circa 940, son of Hermann, Duke de Saxe and Hildegarde von Westerburg. Married circa 990: Hildegarde von Stade,, daughter of Henry von Stade and Hildegarde von Rheinhausen. Died: on 9 Feb 1011 at Corivey Bernard I is buried at Michaeliski in Luxembourg. 45. Hildegarde 6 von Stade (Stuart, Page 215, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 6 July 18:40 Hours.). Married Name: de Saxe. Born: between 0974 and 0976, daughter of Henry von Stade and Hildegarde von Rheinhausen. Married circa 990: Bernard I, Duke de Saxe,, son of Hermann, Duke de Saxe and Hildegarde von Westerburg. Died: on 3 Oct 1011 Hildegarde is buried at Michaeliski in Luxemburg. 46. Heinrich 6 von Schweinfürt (Stuart, Page 197, Line ). AKA: Henry, Margrave in the Nordgau. Born: either 0950 or 0975, son of Berthold I, Margrave von Nordgau and Eiliswintha von Walbeck, Stuart's "Royalty for Commoners" shows Henry born in 975, whereas E.S. [via Paul Theroff] shows Henry born in 950 (Paul Theroff, posts, Posted on the Internet, at ftp://members.aol.com/ptheroff/witlsbc1.txt, 4 August 1996 at 03:30 hours.). Married before 1000: Gerberge von Henneberg,, daughter of Otto II of Tullfeld and N? N? Died: on 18 Sep Gerberge 6 von Henneberg (Stuart, Page 78, Line ). Married Name: von Schweinfürt. AKA: Gerberge de Gleiberg ( Born: before 993, daughter of Otto II of Tullfeld and N? N?, Gerberge is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Henry. Married before 1000: Heinrich von Schweinfürt,, son of Berthold I, Margrave von Nordgau and Eiliswintha von Walbeck. Died: after Hugo, Sire 6 du Perche (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 264.). Born: circa 970, son of Albert, Sire du Perche and N? de Châteaudun (Ibid.). Married before 1000: Béatrice de Mâcon,, daughter of Albéric=Aubri II, Count de Mâcon and Ermentrude de Reims (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages ). Died: before 1026 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 264.). 49. Béatrice 6 de Mâcon (Stuart, Page 70.). Married Name: du Perche (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages ). Born: between 0960 and 0974 at Mâcon, Saône-et-Loire, Bourgogne, France, daughter of Albéric=Aubri II, Count de Mâcon and Ermentrude de Reims, According to Stuart, Béatrice was born circa 974. According to Settipani, she was born between 960 and 965. Mâcon was the Capital of ancient Mâconnais (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 244.). Married before 985: Geoffroy III, Count de Gâtinais,, son of Albéric, Count de Gâtinais and N? N? Married before 1000: Hugo, Sire du Perche,, son of Albert, Sire du Perche and N? de Châteaudun (Keats- Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages ). Married Name: Beatrix, Comtesse de Gâtinais (Beatrix became Countess du Gâtinais upon the death [without issue] of her son [by her first marriage] Albéric c The County of Gâtinais then passed from Albéric's mother to his step-brothers [Beatrix's sons by her second marriage], Leotald and Gausfred) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 257, 264.). Died: between 1026 and 1043 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 244.). 50. Foulques III, Count 6 d'anjou (André Roux: Scrolls, 139, 147.) (Stuart, Page 69, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 265.). AKA: Foulques III Nera. Also Known As: Foulques "Le Noir." AKA: Foulques "Le Jérosolimitain" ( Born: in 972 at France, son of Geoffroy I = Gausfred, Count d'anjou and Adélaïs de Vermandois (Ibid.). Note - between 0987 and 1040: Fouques Nera obtained Saumur and already owning lands in Touraine, he conquered a large part of that province. He was an unscrupulous warrior. Four times he went on pilgrimages to Jerusalem. He built numerous châteaux and appointed to them his châtelains. Foulques III became a crusader and settled in the Holy Land. Sometime after 30 December 987, Fouques Nera was granted the overlordship of Maine (Abbott, Page 144.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Page 204.). Married in 989: Élizabeth=Adèle, Countess de Vendôme,, daughter of Bouchard I, Count de Vendôme and Élizabeth N? (Élizabeth was Foulques III's first wife) ( (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 253.). Married in 1000: Hildegarde de Metz (Hildegarde was Foulques III's second wife) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 253, 265.). AKA: Foulques III, Comte de Tours ( AKA: Foulques III, Comte du Maine (Ibid.). Died: on 21 Jun 1040 at Jérusalem, Palestine, Holy Land. 51. Hildegarde 6 de Metz (Stuart, Page 69, Line ) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., Phil Currie, "Delano, Sarah", posted on 29 October 1995 at 01:16 Hours.). Married Name: d'anjou. AKA: Hildegardis de Lorraine (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 253, 265.). Born: circa 985 at France (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 254.). Married in 1000: Foulques III, Count d'anjou,, son of Geoffroy I = Gausfred, Count d'anjou and Adélaïs de Vermandois (Hildegarde was Foulques III's second wife) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 253, 265.). Died: on 1 Apr 1046 at Jérusalem, Palestine, Holy Land (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 4 16:10 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed, G. Paget "Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales."). 52. Amaury II, Seigneur 6 de Montfort (André Roux: Scrolls, 168.) (Stuart, Page 68, Line ). AKA: Amaury II, Seigneur d'épernon (Abbott, Page 39.). Born: before 1011 at Montfort-l'Amaury, Toulousain, Languedoc, France, son of Guillaume, Count de Hainaut and N., Dame de Montfort, Amaury II is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Simon I was born. Married before 1026: Bertrade de Gometz,, daughter of Guillaume de Gometz and N? N? Died: in 1063 at Eure & Loir, France (Ibid.). 53. Bertrade 6 de Gometz (André Roux: Scrolls, 168.) (Stuart, Page 68, Line ). Married Name: de Montfort. Born: before 1011 at France,

8 daughter of Guillaume de Gometz and N? N?, Bertrade is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Simon I was born. Married before 1026: Amaury II, Seigneur de Montfort,, son of Guillaume, Count de Hainaut and N., Dame de Montfort. 54. Richard, Comte 6 d'évreux (André Roux: Scrolls, 242.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ) (Abbott, Page 230.). Born: in 986 at Rouen, Bray, Normandie, France, son of Robert, Comte de Normandie and Ila d'herlève, Rouen was the Capital city of ancient Normandie. Married before 1030: Adélaïde de Barcelone,, daughter of Raymond I dit Borel III, Count de Barcelone and Ermessinde de Carcassonne (Adélaïde was the widow of Roger de Toeni when she married Richard). Died: in Adélaïde 6 de Barcelone (Stuart, Page 125, Line ). Married Name: d'évreux. Married Name: de Toeny. Born: circa 1004, daughter of Raymond I dit Borel III, Count de Barcelone and Ermessinde de Carcassonne. Married before 1029 at France: Roger I de Toeny,, son of Rodulf II de Tosny and N? N? (Roger was Adélaïde's first husband). Married before 1030: Richard, Comte d'évreux,, son of Robert, Comte de Normandie and Ila d'herlève (Adélaïde was the widow of Roger de Toeni when she married Richard). Died: in Lancelin I, Seigneur 6 de Beaugency (André Roux: Scrolls, 196.) (Stuart, Page 223, Line ; Page 3, Line 4-32.). AKA: Lancelin I, Seigneur de La Flèche Lancelin I was Lord of La Flèche in Anjou, France. Born: before 1007 at Beaugency, Orléanais, France, son of Landry, Sire de Beaugency and N? N?, Lancelin was alive in the years 1033 and He is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his son Lancelin II was born. The parentage of Lancelin I is uncertain. Married before 1024 at France: Paule I du Maine,, daughter of Herbert I, Count du Maine and N? N? (There is some uncertainty about the marriage of Lancelin I. Roderick Stuart in his Royalty for Commoners misinterpretes his own reference Turton who suggests Lancelin I did marry Paule du Maine but that Paule was the Godmother of Paule du Maine who married Jean, Lancelin's son. The two Paule are not the same person as Roderick Stuart assumes Turton meant. Other sources question whether Paule I was ever married to Lancelin I or had any children from him). Died: between 1051 and 1060 at France. 57. Paule I 6 du Maine (André Roux: Scrolls, 196, 241.) (Stuart, Page 31, Line ). Married Name: de Beaugency. Born: before 1010 at France, daughter of Herbert I, Count du Maine and N? N?, Paule is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Lancelin II was born if Lancelin II was her son. Married before 1024 at France: Lancelin I, Seigneur de Beaugency,, son of Landry, Sire de Beaugency and N? N? (There is some uncertainty about the marriage of Lancelin I. Roderick Stuart in his Royalty for Commoners misinterpretes his own reference Turton who suggests Lancelin I did marry Paule du Maine but that Paule was the Godmother of Paule du Maine who married Jean, Lancelin's son. The two Paule are not the same person as Roderick Stuart assumes Turton meant. Other sources question whether Paule I was ever married to Lancelin I or had any children from him). 58. Hughes V, Count 6 du Maine (André Roux: Scrolls, 241.) (Abbott, Page 130.). AKA: Hughes d'este. Born: between 1038 and 1049 at France, son of Azon, Marquis de Ligurie and Gersende, Comtesse du Maine, Hughes V is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Paule II was born. If André Roux's data concerning the parentage of Paule I and Paule II du Maine are correct, then Hughes V is unlikely to have been born before 1048, since in that year his mother was repudiated by her first husband, and in turn is therefore unlikely to have married her second husband, Hughes V's father Azon, before Married before 1052 at France: Gersende de Mayenne. Married before 1064: Berthe de Blois,, daughter of Eudes II, Count de Blois and Ermengarde d'auvergne (There are indications that the Hughes, Count du Maine who married Berthe de Blois is not this Hughes V. André Roux's data indicate Hughes V's wife and Paule II's mother as unknown). Note - between 1090 and 1093: According to André Roux, Hughes V sold the Countship of the Maine to his cousin Hélie de La Flêche; but Abbott indicates Hughes abdicated the County in 1090 (Abbott, Page 130.). Died: after Gersende 6 de Mayenne (Paul Theroff, posts, 19 August 1994 at 15:59 Hours.). Married Name: du Maine. Born: before 1049 at France Gersende is

9 presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Paule II was born. Married before 1052 at France: Hughes V, Count du Maine,, son of Azon, Marquis de Ligurie and Gersende, Comtesse du Maine. 60. Robert, Seigneur 6 de Château-du-Loir (André Roux: Scrolls, 53, 256.) (Stuart, Page 248, Line ). AKA: Robert Brochard (Abbott, Page 134.). Born: before 1034 at Château du Loir, Sarthe, Maine, France, son of Hamelin=Haimon, Seigneur de Château-du-Loir and Hildegarde=Hildeburges de Bellême, Robert is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his son, Gervais, was born. Married before 1051 at France: Élizabeth N? 61. Élizabeth 6 N? (André Roux: Scrolls, 53.) (Stuart, Page 248, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 04 February 1995, at 15:14 Hours.). Married Name: de Château-du-loir. Born: before 1037 Élizabeth is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Gervais was born. Married before 1051 at France: Robert, Seigneur de Château-du-Loir,, son of Hamelin=Haimon, Seigneur de Château-du-Loir and Hildegarde=Hildeburges de Bellême. Died: circa 1095 Élizabeth was alive in the year N? 6 N? Married before 1055: Mathilde N? 63. Mathilde 6 N? Born: before 1035 Mathilde is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age by the time her dauther, Aremburge, was born. Married before 1055: N? N? --- 7th Generation Éberard=Richard, Count 7 d'alsace (André Roux: Scrolls, 169.) (Stuart, Page 115, Line ). AKA: Richard, Count de Metz. Born: before 954 at Alsace, France, son of Matfried d'alsace and N? N?, Éberard is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Adalbert II was born. PaterAlter before 960 Éberard=Richard, Count d'alsace/gérard, Count d'alsace (an unknown value). Married before 968: N? N? PaterAlter before 975 Éberard=Richard, Count d'alsace/adélaïde d'alsace (an unknown value). Died: after 986 Éberard was alive in the year N? 7 N? MaterAlter: before 960 Gérard, Count d'alsace/n? N? Married before 968: Éberard=Richard, Count d'alsace,, son of Matfried d'alsace and N? N? MaterAlter: before 975 Adélaïde d'alsace/n? N? 72. Bérenger, Count 7 de Namur (André Roux: Scrolls, 115, 197.) (Stuart, Page 274, Line ). Born: before 897 at Namur, Belgium Bérenger was Count de Namur in the year 907 and is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age at that time. Married before 946: N? de Hainaut,, daughter of Rainier II, Count de Hainaut and Aélis=Albérade=Adélaïde de Bourgogne. Died: in 946 Bérenger was alive in the years 908, N? 7 de Hainaut (André Roux: Scrolls, 115, 197.) (Stuart, Page 274, Line ). Married Name: de Namur. Married Name: de Béthune. Born: before 911 at Belgium, daughter of Rainier II, Count de Hainaut and Aélis=Albérade=Adélaïde de Bourgogne, She is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter, Berthe, was born. Married before 925: Névelung, Count de Béthune,, son of Ricfried, Count de Béthune and Hamesindis N? Married before 946: Bérenger, Count de Namur. 74. Otto, Count 7 de Lorraine (Stuart, Page 274, Line ). Born: before 923 at France, son of Richwin, Count de Verdun and Kunigonde de France. Married before 964: N? N? 75. N? 7 N? Married before 964: Otto, Count de Lorraine,, son of Richwin, Count de Verdun and Kunigonde de France. 76. Louis IV, King 7 de France (André Roux: Scrolls, 113, 191.) (Rosamond McKitterick, The Frankish kingdom under the Carolingians: (Singapore: Longman Singapore Publishers Pte Ltd, (c) 1983).) (Stuart, Page 130, Line ) (Paul Augé, Nouveau Larousse Universel (13 à 21 Rue Montparnasse et Boulevard Raspail 114: Librairie Larousse, 1948), Tome II, Page 86.) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page 387.). Also Known As: Louis "d'outremer." Born: on 10 Sep 920 at Laon, Aisne, France, son of Charles III, King de France and Eadgifu=Ogive=Hadwige, Princess of England, Some sources claim King Louis IV was born in the year 921. Note - between 0936 and 0954 at France: King: When Louis IV's father [Charles "Le Simple"] was captured [by Herbert de Vermandois in 923], his mother Eadgifu took him to England for refuge. Louis IV came to the throne thanks to the support of Hughes, Count of Paris who had Louis IV recalled to France to succeed King Raoul (reign: ). On 19 June 936, the new King, arrived in Boulogne, from England [hence the nickname "from overseas"]. He is annointed in Laon by the Archbishop of Reims, Artaud. Hughes "Le Grand" fancies himself the mentor of the King, but the King is rather independent of mind. Louis struggled against Hughes "Le Grand", Count of Paris, through

10 most of his reign. In 936, the new German King, Otton I (who had just succeeded Henri I) tries to arbitrate their quarrels. In 938, King Louis "d'outremer" makes an enemy out of Otton by marching into Lorraine. In 940, Otton I invades France and marches on Paris, with the help of his allies, Hughes "Le Grand" and Hughes de Vermandois. The Kingdom is split in two. While fighting the Normans in an attempt to recapture Normandy, Louis IV was made prisoner in 945 in Rouen. His liberty following that capture was short-lived as Louis IV fell into the hands of Hughes "Le Grand", now Duke de France, who kept him prisoner for one year until 946. An alliance with the German King Otto I allowed Louis IV to defeat Hughes (having had Hugues de Vermandois excommunicated in 948 at the Council of Ingelheim; The Church Council met again in September that year and excommunicated Hughes "Le Grand"), who made peace in 950 with Louis because he needed the support of the Church. Louis IV married Gerberge, Sister of the Emperor of the Occident Othon=Otto the Great, who bore him a son named Lothaire who eventually replaced Louis IV on the throne. Louis was fatally injured in a fall form his horse. Married in 940: Gerberge de Saxe,, daughter of Henri I, Duke de Saxe and Mathilde, Countess de Ringelheim (Louis IV was Gerberge's second husband). Died: on 10 Oct 954 at Reims, Champagne, France, at age 34 Louis IV is buried at Saint Rémy. Michael Welch's sources indicate Louis IV died 10 September 954 (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.). 77. Gerberge 7 de Saxe (André Roux: Scrolls, 113, 191.) (Stuart, Page 70, Line ). Married Name: de France. Married Name: de Brabant. Born: between 0913 and 0914 at Nordhausen, Saxony, daughter of Henri I, Duke de Saxe and Mathilde, Countess de Ringelheim. Married in 928: Gilbert, Count de Brabant,, son of Rainier I, Count de Hainaut and Albérade, Duchesse de Lorraine (Gilbert was Gerberge's first husband). Married in 940: Louis IV, King de France,, son of Charles III, King de France and Eadgifu=Ogive=Hadwige, Princess of England (Louis IV was Gerberge's second husband). Died: on 5 May 984 at Reims, Champagne, France (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.). 78. Godefroy, Count 7 d'ardenne (André Roux: Scrolls, 191.). AKA: Godefroy, Duke de Brabant. Born: before 940 Godefroy is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Bonne was born. Married before 955: N? N? 79. N? 7 N? Married before 955: Godefroy, Count d'ardenne. 80. Arnoul II, Count 7 de Flandre (André Roux: Scrolls, 118.) (Rosamond, Page ) (Stuart, Page 102, Line ). Also Known As: Arnoul "Le Jeune" (von Redlich, Page 183.) (Abbott, Page 292.). AKA: Arnould, Comte d'artois. Born: in 961, son of Baudouin III, Count de Flandre and Mahaut=Mathilda de Saxe. Married in 968: Rosèla=Suzanne, Princess of Italy,, daughter of Bérenger II, King of Italy and Willa d'arles. Note - between 0976 and 0987: Despite the support of King Lothaire, the position of the Counts of Flanders deteriorated rapidly after the death of Arnoul I. When Arnoul II became Count in 976 and paid homage to the King, he was unable to exert any authority over Boulonais and Ternois. Courtrai, Ghent and Waas also broke away from him. On Arnoul II's death in 987, Hugh Capet married his son Robert to Arnoul's widow Susanna, and Flanders came temporarily under Capetian control. Died: on 30 Mar 987 Arnoul II is burried in Ghent. 81. Rosèla=Suzanne, Princess of 7 Italy (Hallam.) (Stuart, Page 236, Line ). AKA: Rosèle de Montreuil-sur-Mer. Married Name: de France. Born: circa 950, daughter of Bérenger II, King of Italy and Willa d'arles. Note - in 966: Rosela was the heiress of Montreuil-sur-Mer. Married in 968: Arnoul II, Count de Flandre,, son of Baudouin III, Count de Flandre and Mahaut=Mathilda de Saxe. Married in 989: Robert II, King de France,, son of Hughes II, King de France and Adélaïde de Poitiers (It is considered a strange idea on the part of Hughes that his young son should marry a woman who was some 32-years [some say she was even 37 years] older than Robert. In 988, she had become the widow of Arnoul II de Flandre. She is quite pretty but has "troubling" black eyes, but most importantly, she brings as dowry Montreuil-sur-Mer. This will allow the capetian sovereigns to have access to the French Channel). Repudiated: Robert II, King de France in 992 at France Robert II repudiated his wife because she was "an old woman", but he would keep the dowry of Montreuil-sur-Mer. Died: on 7 Feb Frédéric I, Count 7 de Luxembourg (André Roux: Scrolls, 118, 200.) (Stuart, Page 247.). AKA: Frédéric I, comte de Moselgau ( Born: circa 965, son of Sigefroy, Count de Luxembourg and Hedvige d'alsace. Married between 0985 and 0995: Ermentrude, Countess von Gleiberg,, daughter of Heribert, Count von Gleiberg and Ermentrude von Avalgau. Died: on 6 Oct Ermentrude, Countess 7 von Gleiberg (André Roux: Scrolls, 200.) (Stuart, Page 246, Line ). Married Name: de Luxembourg. AKA: Irmentrude Konradiner. Born: before 975, daughter of Heribert, Count von Gleiberg and Ermentrude von Avalgau, Ermentrude is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Frédérick I. Married between 0985 and 0995: Frédéric I, Count de Luxembourg,, son of Sigefroy, Count de Luxembourg and Hedvige d'alsace. 84. Hughes II, King 7 de France (André Roux: Scrolls, 79.) (Hallam, Pages ) (Stuart, Page 99, Line ) (Castelot, Tome 1, Pages 415, 424.). AKA: Hughes Capet, Count de Paris. AKA: Hughes Capet, Count de Poitou. AKA: Hughes Capet, Count d'orléans. AKA: Hughes Capet, Comte d'auxerre (Abbott, Page 202.). AKA: Hughes Capet. Born: between 0939 and 0941, son of Hughes, dux Francorum and Hadwige, Princess de Saxe. Married in Jan 970 at France: Adélaïde de Poitiers,, daughter of Guillaume=William I, Comte d'aquitaine and Adèle de Normandie (Some sources indicate that Alice and Hughes were married in 968). Note - between 0987 and 0996 at France: Hughes became King crowned and anointed on 3 July 987 in Noyon. Hughes was the Chief of the Capetian Dynasty, and ruled as King from 987 to 996 with the support of Adalbéron, Archbishop of Reims, and of the ecclesiastical Feudal churchmen. In 970, he married Adélaïde de Poitiers, daughter of Guillaume III "Tête d'étoupe", Duke of Aquitaine. In the first month, hoping to secure the support of the Emperor Lothar, Hughes returns Verdun to him. On 25 December 987, he has his son, Robert, crowned King in the Cathedral of Sainte-Croix in Orléans, to rule over the peoples West from the Meuse to the Ocean. He then gets the idea in his head to have his son marry Suzanne known as Rosala, daughter of the ex-king of Italy Berenger II, and widow that very year of Arnould II, Comte de Flandre. She is however 32, some claim 35, years older than young Robert. Her dowry would bring to the Capetian House, Montreuil-sur-Mer and direct access to the Channel. He was victorious over the last Carolingiens, Charles de Lorraine, with the help of Arnoul, Bishop of Orléans, and was at the mercy of his vassals most notably the lords of Blois. His beginnings were very weak: Consider the dispute: While Adalbert, Comte de Périgord, laid siege to Tours, King Hughes and his son, Robert, would never dare to declare war on him, but they asked him "Who made you Count?", and Adalbert answered "Who made you King?". Succinctly put, this summarizes Hughes' difficult situation. Upon the death of Théophano, Empress of Germany, one of Hughes most potent enemies, one who had supported Charles de Lorraine and the Archbishop Arnoul de Reims against Hughes, was eliminated in 992. However, Eudes de Chartres would take Melun. At this time, Hughes was in accord with Foulques Nerra, Comte d'anjou. Richard of Rouen also is called to the rescue and Melun is given back to its rightful owner, Bouchard de Vendôme. He had his son Robert canonized.

11 The direct line of Hughes ruled for twelve succeeding generations following his death in 996 until Early kings associated their elder sons with the Throne during their lifetime. While the direct line appeared content to use the name Capet, once the direct line was broken, the cadet line preferred to use the more euphonious names of Valois and Bourbon they derived from their fiefs. Died: on 24 Oct 996 at Les Juifs, France, Les Juifs is near Chartres. Hughes is buried at Saint Denis. 85. Adélaïde 7 de Poitiers (André Roux: Scrolls, 79.) (Stuart, Page 119, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 07 June 1995 at 14:11 Hours.). Married Name: de France (André Roux: Scrolls.). AKA: Alice de Poitou. AKA: Adélaïde d'aquitaine. Born: circa 950 at Poitiers, Vienne, Poitou, France, daughter of Guillaume=William I, Comte d'aquitaine and Adèle de Normandie, History would remember Adélaïde, the first capetian Queen of France, for her charity and piety. She was the founder of the Monastery de Saint-Frambault as well as of the Convent d'argenteuil. Married in Jan 970 at France: Hughes II, King de France,, son of Hughes, dux Francorum and Hadwige, Princess de Saxe (Some sources indicate that Alice and Hughes were married in 968). Died: between 1004 and Guillaume I/II, Count 7 de Provence (André Roux: Scrolls, 114, 147.) (Stuart, Page 236, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 2 May 1994 at 14:37 Hours.) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page 419.) (Abbott, Page 606.). AKA: Guillaume II d'arles. Born: circa 955 at Anjou, France, son of Bozon II, Count d'arles and Folcoare=Constance de Toulouse. Occupation: in 968 Guillaume was the Count de Provence at Arles in the year 968, and the Marquis of Provence. Married before Apr 970: Arsinde de Comminges,, daughter of Arnold I, Comte de Comminges and Arsende, Countess de Carcassonne (Arsinde was Guillaume I/II's first wife). Married in 985 at France: Adélaïs=Adèle d'anjou,, daughter of Fouques II, Count d'anjou and Gerberge, Comtesse de Gâtinais ("Regina, sese viduatam dolens..., Wilelmum Arelatensem [Wilhelm of Arles] adiit, eique nupsit") (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 248.). Occupation: between 0992 and 0994 at Avignon, Provence, France, Guillaume I/II was a priest in Avignon. Died: circa 994 at Avignon, France, Guillaume died a priest. 87. Adélaïs=Adèle 7 d'anjou (André Roux: Scrolls, 85, 147.). Married Name: de France. Married Name: Blanche de Provence. Married Name: de Gévaudan. Married Name: de Toulouse (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages ). AKA: N? N? Born: circa 930 at France, daughter of Fouques II, Count d'anjou and Gerberge, Comtesse de Gâtinais, According to Stuart's Royalty for Commoners, this Adélaïde was known as "Blanche", where André Roux claims the daughter of Geoffroy [son of Fouques II] was Known as Blanche. Adélaïs is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age when she married Étienne (Keats- Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 225.). Married before 946: Raimond de Toulouse,, son of Raymond III, Count de Toulouse and Garsinde de Gascogne ('Qui suscepti a regina id sibi videri optimum dixerunt Ludovico regi assciscendam conjugem Adelaidem, Ragemundi nuper defuncti ducis Gothorum olim uxorem." In an act of 1021, Adélaïde, Comtesse de Provence, previously and briefly Queen of France, acknowledges the existence of her son Willem III de Toulouse and his wife the Countess Emma. In addition, a Papal Bull from Pope Benoit VIII is addressed to Count Willem of Toulouse and his mother Adélaïde, as follows: "domno Willelmo comiti... et domno Hugoni comiti, domnoque Rainaldo comito filio... Willelmi... et... dignissimae domnae Adeleidi comitissae, cognomento Blanchae, nuruque ejus domnae Gerberge comitissae." - The Pope clearly specifies that the Countess Adelaide, known as Blanche has as stepdaughter Gerberge, daughter of Otto-Wilhelm from his first spouse Ermentrude of Mâcon. The Benedictin Monks of the 18th. Century upon which most works on the genealogy of the House of Toulouse are based, apparently dismissed the significance of these documents) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages ). Married before 955 at France: Étienne, Comte de Gévaudan,, son of Ermengaud, Count de Rouergue and Adélaïs=Alaïs de Toulouse (Étienne was Adélaïde's first husband) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 247.). Married in 982 at Brioude, Aquitaine, France: Louis V, King de France,, son of Lothaire, King de France and Emma, Princess of Italy (Adélaïde was the widow of Stephen (Étienne), Count of Gévaudun, when she married the young King Louis V, son of King Lothaire -- she being much older than he. Conjugal love between the couple was nil. After all, King Louis was still an adolescent and she was quite old and set in her ways. They refused to share a common bed. They even had different residences. Not surprisingly, Adélaïde bore Louis no children). Divorced Louis V, King de France: in 984 at France (When King Louis V's father felt that his son was having problems and also that he lacked the dignity expected of royalty, he came to Brioude to confer with him. They left Brioude together. The Queen, Adélaïde, feeling abandoned, sought support from Guillaume d'arles and married him. The divorce from Louis followed shortly). Divorced Louis V, King de France: in 984 ( Married in 985 at France: Guillaume I/II, Count de Provence,, son of Bozon II, Count d'arles and Folcoare=Constance de Toulouse ("Regina, sese viduatam dolens..., Wilelmum Arelatensem [Wilhelm of Arles] adiit, eique nupsit") (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 248.). Married in 1016: Otto-Guillaume, Duke de Bourgogne,, son of Adelbert II, King de Lombardie and Gerberge=Garsinde de Chalon ( Married Name: de Bourgogne (Ibid.). Died: in 1026 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 247.) (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 4 16:10 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed, G. Paget "Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales."). 88. Hermann, Duke 7 de Saxe (Stuart, Page 223, Line ). AKA: Hermann von Billung. Born: circa 905, son of Billung, Count de Saxe and Fréderunda N? Married before 939: Hildegarde von Westerburg. Died: on 27 Mar Hildegarde 7 von Westerburg (Ibid.). Married Name: de Saxe. Born: before 925 Hildegarde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son, Bernard, was born. Married before 939: Hermann, Duke de Saxe,, son of Billung, Count de Saxe and Fréderunda N? 90. Henry 7 von Stade (Stuart, Page 215, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 6 July 18:40 Hours.). AKA: Henry I, Count von Heiangau. Born: before 929, son of Lothar II, Count von Stade and Swanhilde N? Married before 973: Judith von der Wetterau,, daughter of Udo, Count von der Wetterau and N? N? (Judith was Henry's first wife). Married circa 974: Hildegarde von Rheinhausen,, daughter of Elli I, Count von Rheinhausen and N? N? Died: on 11 May 976 Henry is buried at the Monastery of Heeringen. 91. Hildegarde 7 von Rheinhausen (Stuart, Page 215, Line ). Married Name: von Stade. Born: before 959, daughter of Elli I, Count von Rheinhausen and N? N?, Hkldegarde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Hildegarde was born. Married circa 974: Henry von Stade,, son of Lothar II, Count von Stade and Swanhilde N? 92. Berthold I, Margrave 7 von Nordgau (Stuart, Page 197, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 22 May 1994 at 22:25 Hours.). AKA: Berthold I von

12 Babenberg. AKA: Berthold I, Margrave von Rodensgau. AKA: Berthold I, Margrave von Volkfeld. PaterAlter circa 915 Berthold I, Margrave von Nordgau/Henry, Count d'austrasie (an unknown value). MaterAlter: circa 915 N? N?/Berthold I, Margrave von Nordgau. Born: in 915 at Bavaria, son of Arnulf, Duke de Bavière and Judith de Friuli, Some sources [E.S., 1980's Edition via Paul Theroff] claim that Berthold I was the son of Henri, Count of Austrasia [died 938] who was the grandson [through his father Henri who was killed in action in 902] of Henri Duke of Austrasia [killed in action in Paris in 886], son of Poppo I, Count in the Saalgau. This connection, which would link the Wittelsbach line to the Capet family, is unproven. E.S. [1950's Edition, via Paul Theroff] indicates that Berthold I is the son of Duke Arnulf de Bavière ( Married before 949: Eiliswintha von Walbeck,, daughter of Lothar II, Count von Walbeck and Mathilda von Arneburg. Died: on 15 Jan Eiliswintha 7 von Walbeck (Stuart, Page 198, Line ) (Leana Randall, a Prodigy Bulletin Board Member, was active in posting lengthy lines since July 1994, post under Subject "Russia" on 27 July 1994 at 02:49 Hours.). Married Name: Heliksuinda von Nordgau (Paul Theroff, posts, Posted on the Internet, at ftp://members.aol.com/ptheroff/witlsbc1.txt, 4 August 1996 at 03:30 hours.). Born: circa 945, daughter of Lothar II, Count von Walbeck and Mathilda von Arneburg. Married before 949: Berthold I, Margrave von Nordgau,, son of Arnulf, Duke de Bavière and Judith de Friuli. Note - before 1000: Eiliswitha founded the Monastery of Schweinfürt. Died: on 19 Sep 1015 at Schweinfürt, Lower Franconia, Bavaria, Germany, Eiliswita is buried at the Monastery of Schweinfürt. 94. Otto II of 7 Tullfeld (Stuart, Page 78, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 22 May 1994 at 22:25 Hours.). Born: before 978, son of Otto I of Tullfeld and N? N?, Otto II is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Gerberge was born. Married before 993: N? N? Died: after 1008 Otto II was alive in the year N? 7 N? Married before 993: Otto II of Tullfeld,, son of Otto I of Tullfeld and N? N? 96. Albert, Sire 7 du Perche (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages ). Born: circa 950, son of Azenar, Sire d'orléans and Hildeburgis, Dame de Bellême. Married circa 969: N? de Châteaudun,, daughter of Geoffroy = Gausfred II, Vicomte de Châteaudun and Hermengarde = Hildegard N? Died: in 1036 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 264.). 97. N? 7 de Châteaudun (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages ). Married Name: du Perche. Born: circa 955, daughter of Geoffroy = Gausfred II, Vicomte de Châteaudun and Hermengarde = Hildegard N? Married circa 969: Albert, Sire du Perche,, son of Azenar, Sire d'orléans and Hildeburgis, Dame de Bellême. Died: in Albéric=Aubri II, Count 7 de Mâcon (Stuart, Page 78, Line ). AKA: Albéric II, Count de Bourgogne. Born: between 0931 and 0935 at Mâcon, Saône-et-Loire, Bourgogne, France, son of Liétaud II, Count de Mâcon and Ermengarde de Vergy (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 244, 257.). Married before 956: Ermentrude de Reims,, daughter of Renaud, Count de Reims and Albérade=Aubrée de Lorraine. Died: between 0975 and 0982 Albéric was alive in the year 952. Sources do not agree as to the date of death. The Archives lists him on the early side with being deceased in 975 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 244.) (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 1., Citing NEHGR 99:34-37.) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques de La Noblesse de France ou Receuil de Preuves, Mémoires et Notices Généalogiques in Imprimerie de Béthune, Rue Palatine, No. 5, 1-11 (No. 1, Rue du Paon-Saint-André-des-Arcs, Paris, France: M. Lainé, ), Tome Quatrième (Volume 4), MDCCCXXXIV (1834), De Villeneuve, Page 7.). 99. Ermentrude 7 de Reims (André Roux: Scrolls, 123, 193, 269.) (Stuart, Page 70, Line ) (André Roux: Scrolls.). Married Name: Ermentrude, Countess de Mâcon. AKA: Ermentrude, Queen de Lombardie. Married Name: de Bourgogne. AKA: Ermengarde de Roucy (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Quatrième (Volume 4), MDCCCXXXIV (1834), De Villeneuve, Page 7.). Born: circa 938 at Reims, Marne, Champagne, France, daughter of Renaud, Count de Reims and Albérade=Aubrée de Lorraine, For reasons that are not clear the British call it Rheims rather than Reims. Married before 956: Albéric=Aubri II, Count de Mâcon,, son of Liétaud II, Count de Mâcon and Ermengarde de Vergy. Married before 973: Otto-Guillaume, Duke de Bourgogne,, son of Adelbert II, King de Lombardie and Gerberge=Garsinde de Chalon (Ermentrude was Otton's first wife). Died: on 5 Mar 1005 Some sources indicate Ermentrude may have died in Geoffroy I = Gausfred, Count 7 d'anjou (André Roux: Scrolls, 112, 147.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 29 April 1994 at 13:38 Hours.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 225, 241, 247.). Also Known As: Geoffroy "Grisegonelle" ("Greymantle"). Born: circa 930 at France, son of Fouques II, Count d'anjou and Gerberge, Comtesse de Gâtinais (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 265.). Married before 952: Adela N? Occupation: between 0958 and 0987 at Anjou, France, Geofroy I was the Seneschal of France. He continued his father's efforts to dominate Bretagne, and thus obtained parts of Poitou - the Loudunais, which following a lapse of time was annexed by Anjou - the Mauge. By the Spring of 985, Geoffroy d'anjou had already gained a foothold in the Vendômois by granting a benefice to an important landholder, Fulcrad de Vendôme. Geoffroy spent a great deal of time with Bouchard de Vendôme, and with Hughes Capet's blessing, Geoffroy arranged for the marriage of his son and heir, Foulk Nera with Bouchard's heiress, Élisabeth, thereby setting the seal on his alliance with both Bouchard and Hughes Capet (Abbott, Pages ) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Page 199.). Married in 965 at France: Adélaïs de Vermandois,, daughter of Robert, Count de Chalon and Adélaïs=Were de Bourgogne (Some sources indicate that this Adélaïs also married first Robert de Vermandois, Count de Meaux and Troyes, then marrying Lambert de Chalon. Then, marrying as her third husband, Geofroy I. If her birthdate is accurate these marriages are improbable). Died: on 21 Jul 987 Geofroy I died as a consequence of wounds received at the Siege of Marçon, a castle belonging to Odon de Blois which controlled the route between Dissay-sous-Courcillon and Vendôme. The Siege was conducted by Hughes Capet and Geoffroy against Odon Rufinus, a vassal of Odon de Blois (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Page 199.) Adélaïs 7 de Vermandois (André Roux: Scrolls, 112, 147. ) (Stuart, Page 115, Line ; Page 125, Line ). AKA: Adèle de Troyes. AKA: Adélaïde, Comtesse de Chalon (Abbott, Page 207.) (Keats- Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 265.). Born: in

13 950 at France, daughter of Robert, Count de Chalon and Adélaïs=Were de Bourgogne, Some sources have Adélaïs born circa 934. Married in 965 at France: Geoffroy I = Gausfred, Count d'anjou,, son of Fouques II, Count d'anjou and Gerberge, Comtesse de Gâtinais (Some sources indicate that this Adélaïs also married first Robert de Vermandois, Count de Meaux and Troyes, then marrying Lambert de Chalon. Then, marrying as her third husband, Geofroy I. If her birthdate is accurate these marriages are improbable). Died: between 0976 and Guillaume, Count 7 de Hainaut (André Roux: Scrolls, 168.). Born: between 0952 and 0973 at France, son of Amaury, Count de Hainaut and Judith de Combray. Married before 1011 at France: N., Dame de Montfort N., Dame 7 de Montfort (Ibid.). AKA: N., Dame d'épernon. Married Name: de Hainaut. Born: before 996 at France She is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Amaury II was born. Married before 1011 at France: Guillaume, Count de Hainaut,, son of Amaury, Count de Hainaut and Judith de Combray Guillaume 7 de Gometz (Stuart, Page 68, Line ). AKA: Guyllaume I, Seigneur de Bures. Born: before 996 Guillaume is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Bertrade was born. Married before 1011: N? N? 107. N? 7 N? Married before 1011: Guillaume de Gometz Robert, Comte 7 de Normandie (André Roux: Scrolls, 149, 242.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 08 June 1995 at 18:28 Hours.). AKA: Robert, Archbishop de Rouen. AKA: Robert, Count d'évreux (Abbott, Page 230.). Born: circa 964 at Normandie, France, son of Richard I, Duke de Normandie and Gonnor, Dame de Bolbec. Significant-Other: Ila d'herlève before Ila was Robert's concubine. Occupation: between 0989 and 1037 Robert was the Archbishop of Rouen from 989 to He was also the Count of Évreux. Died: in Ila 7 d'herlève (André Roux: Scrolls, 149, 242.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ). Married Name: de Normandie. Born: in 968 at Normandie, France. Significant-Other: Robert, Comte de Normandie before Ila was Robert's concubine. Died: after Raymond I dit Borel III, Count 7 de Barcelone (André Roux: Scrolls, 86.) (Stuart, Page 38, Line ). AKA: Raymond Borrel I, Count de Gerona. AKA: Raymond dit Borel, Count de Osona. Born: in 972, son of Borel II, Count de Barcelone and Ledgarde=Luitgarde de Toulouse. Married in 990: Ermessinde de Carcassonne,, daughter of Roger I, Seigneur de Comminges and Adélaïde de Rouergue. Died: on 25 Feb Ermessinde 7 de Carcassonne (André Roux: Scrolls, 86.) (Stuart, Page 209, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, "de Foix" posted on 21 March 1995 at 02:11 Hours.). Married Name: de Barcelone. AKA: de Comminges. Born: before 980 at Carcassonnais, France, daughter of Roger I, Seigneur de Comminges and Adélaïde de Rouergue, Ermessinde is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Raymond dit Borel. Married in 990: Raymond I dit Borel III, Count de Barcelone,, son of Borel II, Count de Barcelone and Ledgarde=Luitgarde de Toulouse. Died: on 1 Mar Landry, Sire 7 de Beaugency (André Roux: Scrolls, 196.) (Stuart, Page 3, Line 4-33.). Born: before 989 at Beaugency, Orléanais, France Landry was alive in the year 1000 and is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his son, Lancelin I [provided that pedigree is correct], was born. Married before 1006: N? N? 113. N? 7 N? Married before 1006: Landry, Sire de Beaugency Herbert I, Count 7 du Maine (André Roux: Scrolls, 241.) (Stuart, Page 249, Line ) (Abbott, Page 130.). Also Known As: Herbert "Éveille- Chiens." Born: circa 978 at France, son of Hughes III, Count du Maine and N? de Guiscard (André Roux: Scrolls.). Married before 1010: N? N? Note - in 1016: Herbert "Wake Dog", successor of Hugh III was obliged to fight against Odo of Blois at Pontlevoy in 1016 on behalf of his overlord, Fulk IV of Anjou (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Page 192.). Died: on 13 Apr N? 7 N? Married before 1010: Herbert I, Count du Maine,, son of Hughes III, Count du Maine and N? de Guiscard Azon, Marquis 7 de Ligurie (André Roux: Scrolls, 241.) (Paul Theroff, posts, 19 August 1994 at 15:59 Hours.). AKA: Alberto Azzo II, Marquis de Lombardie. AKA: Alberto Azzo II, Marquis d'este (Stuart, Page 28, Line ). Note -: Alberto Azzo II was sent by the Pope on a mission to the Hungarians. Born: in 997 at Italy, son of Alberto Azzo I, Marchese de Ligurie and Adela N? (Paul Theroff, posts, Posted on the Internet, at Uniform Resource Locator (URL) ftp://members.aol.com/ptheroff/genfiles/welf1.txt, 04 August 1996 at 03:29 hours.). Married in 1035: Kunigunde of Altdorf,, daughter of Welf II, Count of Altdorf and Ermentrude de Luxembourg. Married between 1048 and 1049: Gersende, Comtesse du Maine,, daughter of Herbert I, Count du Maine and N? N? (Azon was Gersende's second husband). Died: on 20 Aug 1097 at Hungary "aged 100 years" when he died Gersende, Comtesse 7 du Maine (André Roux: Scrolls, 241.) (Abbott, Page 130.). Married Name: de Blois. Married Name: de Champagne. Married Name: de Ligurie. PaterAlter before 1023 Gersende, Comtesse du Maine/Herbert II, Count du Maine (an unknown value) (Ibid.). Born: circa 1025 at Chartres, Blois, Orléanais, France, daughter of Herbert I, Count du Maine and N? N?, André Roux shows Gersende as daughter of Herbert I, but Abbott shows the Gersende who married Azzo I as daughter of Herbert II (Ibid.). Married before 1037: Thibaud III, Count de Blois,, son of Eudes II, Count de Blois and Ermengarde d'auvergne (Gersende was Thibaud III's first wife). Repudiated: Thibaud III, Count de Blois in 1048 at France. Married between 1048 and 1049: Azon, Marquis de Ligurie,, son of Alberto Azzo I, Marchese de Ligurie and Adela N? (Azon was Gersende's second husband). Died: circa Hamelin=Haimon, Seigneur 7 de Château-du-Loir (André Roux: Scrolls, 53, 256.) (Stuart, Page 247, Line ) (Abbott, Page 133.). AKA: Hamon, Sheriff of Kent. Note -: Hamelin was a companion of William the Conqueror. Born: before 996 at Maine, France, son of Hamon, Seigneur de Cruelli and N? N? Married before 1006: Hildegarde=Hildeburges de Bellême,, daughter of Yves I, Count de Bellême and Godehilde=Gordeschilda de Ponthieu. Died: on 27 Oct Hildegarde=Hildeburges 7 de Bellême (André Roux: Scrolls, 53, 256.) (Stuart, Page 247, Line ) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 291.). Married Name: de Château-du-Loir. AKA: Hildegarde d'alençon. AKA: Godhaut

14 de Creil. Born: before 991 at Alençon, Orne, Maine, France, daughter of Yves I, Count de Bellême and Godehilde=Gordeschilda de Ponthieu, Hildegarde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Robert was born. Married before 1006: Hamelin=Haimon, Seigneur de Château-du-Loir,, son of Hamon, Seigneur de Cruelli and N? N? Died: on 27 Oct th Generation Matfried 8 d'alsace. AKA: Matfried, Count de Metz (Stuart, Page 115, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, "de Lorraine", 10 July 1995 at 13:24 Hours.). Born: before 934, son of Adalbert, Count de Metz and Luitgard de Lorraine, Matfried is presumed to have been born before his mother remarried. Married before 953: N? N? Died: after 960 Matfried was alive in the year N? 8 N? MaterAlter: before 925 Éberhard IV, Count d'alsace/n? N? Married before 953: Matfried d'alsace,, son of Adalbert, Count de Metz and Luitgard de Lorraine Rainier II, Count 8 de Hainaut (André Roux: Scrolls, 115.) (Stuart, Page 49, Line ). Born: circa 890 at Belgium, son of Rainier I, Count de Hainaut and Hersente, Princesse de France. Married before 910: Aélis=Albérade=Adélaïde de Bourgogne,, daughter of Richard, Comte d'autun and Adélaïde d'auxerre. Died: in 932 (Abbott, Page 558.) Aélis=Albérade=Adélaïde 8 de Bourgogne (André Roux: Scrolls, 115.) (Stuart, Page 153, Line ). Married Name: de Hainaut. Born: before 896 at Mons, Bourgogne, France, daughter of Richard, Comte d'autun and Adélaïde d'auxerre, Aélis is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter was born. Married before 910: Rainier II, Count de Hainaut,, son of Rainier I, Count de Hainaut and Hersente, Princesse de France Richwin, Count 8 de Verdun (Stuart, Page 274, Line ; Page 247, Line ). Born: before 903, son of Rainier, Count de Verdun and N? N?, Richwin is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age when he died. Richwin was perhaps the son of Rainier. Married circa 920: Kunigonde de France,, daughter of N? N? and Ermentrude, Princess de France. Died: in Kunigonde 8 de France (Stuart, Page 247, Line ). Married Name: d'aachen. Married Name: de Verdun. Born: circa 890, daughter of N? N? and Ermentrude, Princess de France (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.). Married circa 908: Wigeric, Pfalzgrave d'aachen (Wigeric was Kunigonde's first husband). Married circa 920: Richwin, Count de Verdun,, son of Rainier, Count de Verdun and N? N? Died: after Charles III, King 8 de France (André Roux: Scrolls, 191.) (Rosamond, Page 308.) (Stuart, Page 130, Line ) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page 387.). Also Known As: Charles "Le Simple." Born: on 17 Sep 879 at Clermont, Oise, France, son of Louis II, King de France and Adélaïde=Adelheid de Paris. Note - between 0893 and 0929: Charles III was the posthumous son of Louis "Le Bègue", and was crowned King in 893 by Fouques, Archbishop of Reims, with the full support of Odon's brother Robert, Richard of Burgundy, William of the Auvergne and Herbert of Vermandois. Baldwin (Baudouin) of Flanders made his submission later. He was a rival of the effective King, the Count Eudes who, upon Odon's death in 898, recognized Charles' rights. With the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte (911), Charles gave Normandy to the Viking Chief Rollon making him first Duke of Normandy, and pacifying the Seine Vikings. That year, 911, Charles also became King of Lotharingia, which may have been related in part to the fact that his first wife, Frederuna who bore him 6 daughters, was Lotharingian. He revived the title Rex Francorum. In 919, when Charles fought the Magyars, none of the nobles except for Heriveus, the Archbishop of Reims sent him any troops for assistance. In 920, Robert led a revolt against Charles. Some Lotharingian nobles, led by Gilbert (Gislebert) son of Ragnar Longneck, declared their independence from Charles' authority. Gilbert invoked the aid of the new ruler of the East Franks, a Saxon known as Henry "the Fowler" ("l'oiseleur"). Charles, after quelling the resistance of the Lotharingian Count Ricoin made a treaty with Henry at Bonn in 921. They met on equal terms as Rex Francorum Occidentalium (Charles) and Rex Francorum Orientalium (Henry). Charles was deposed in 922 by Herbert, Count of Vermandois upon the death of his main supporter, Richard of Burgundy. Charles and his favorite Hagano fled to hide in Lotharingia. During his absence, Robert was elected King and crowned by Walter, Archbishop of Sens under the nose of Heriveus who was on his deathbed (he died 3 days later). Charles met Robert in battle at Soissons on 15 June 923. Robert was killed, but the forces led by his son Hugh and by Herbert of Vermandois defeated the King's army and Charles retreated. On 13 July 923, a new King Ralph, the eldest son of Richard The Justiciar of Burgundy was elected King and anointed in the Church of St. Médard at Soissons by Walter, Archbishop of Sens. Married between 0905 and 0929: N. concubines (Charles Le Simple had several concubines throughout his adulthood). Married in Apr 907: Frédérune de Lotharingie,, daughter of Dietrich, Count de Lotharingie and N? N? (Charles III Le Simple had 6 daughters with Frédérune, his first wife). Married in 917: Eadgifu=Ogive=Hadwige, Princess of England,, daughter of Edward I, King of England and Eadgifu=Edgiva of Kent. Died: on 7 Oct 929 at Péronne, Somme, France, at age 50 Charles was murdered while in captivity at the Tower of Péronne on 7-Oct-929. Charles III is buried at Saint Fursy Eadgifu=Ogive=Hadwige, Princess of 8 England (André Roux: Scrolls, 191.) (Stuart, Page 192, Line ). Married Name: de France. Married Name: de Vermandois. Born: before 903, daughter of Edward I, King of England and Eadgifu=Edgiva of Kent. Married in 917: Charles III, King de France,, son of Louis II, King de France and Adélaïde=Adelheid de Paris. Married in 951: Herbert, Count de Vermandois,, son of Herbert II, Count de Vermandois and Hildebrante de Neustrie. Died: after Henri I, Duke 8 de Saxe (André Roux: Scrolls, 79, 113.) (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 69, Line ) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page 407.). AKA: Henry I, King of Germany. AKA: Henry I, Emperor of the West. AKA: Henri "l'oiseleur." Born: in 876 at Saxe, Germany, son of Otton, Dux de Saxe and Hadwige=Hathui, Princess de Bavière. Married in 909 at Germany: Mathilde, Countess de Ringelheim,, daughter of Théodoric, Count de Ringelheim and Gisèle de Lorraine (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.). Note - between 0919 and 0936: Henri I became King of Germany upon the death of Conrad I de Saxe in 919. He was King of Germany: , and founded the Saxon dynasty. King Conrad I designated Henri as his successor in 918 because Henri, as Duke of Saxony, was the only prince strong enough to give order to the East Frankish territories (Germany). Elected King by the Saxons and the Franconians, he quickly forced the duchies of Bavaria and Swabia to acknowledge him. In 925, he seized Lotharingie from the West Franks (France), and won the submission of Bohemia. He defeated the Magyar (933 at Riade), the Slavs and the Danes (934). Married before 936: Hatheburg N? Died: on 2 Jul 936 at Memleben, Saxe, Germany.

15 155. Mathilde, Countess 8 de Ringelheim (André Roux: Scrolls, 113.) (Stuart, Page 239, Line ). Married Name: de Saxe. Born: circa 894 at Memleben, Westphalia, daughter of Théodoric, Count de Ringelheim and Gisèle de Lorraine. Married in 909 at Germany: Henri I, Duke de Saxe,, son of Otton, Dux de Saxe and Hadwige=Hathui, Princess de Bavière (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.). Died: on 14 Mar 968 at Quedlinburg, Germany Baudouin III, Count 8 de Flandre (André Roux: Scrolls, 118.) (Stuart, Page 102, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 23 January 1995 at 02:39 Hours.). AKA: Baudouin, Comte d'artois. Also Known As: Baudouin "Le Jeune" (Abbott, Page 292.). Born: circa 940, son of Arnoul I, Count de Flandre and Adèle=Alix de Vermandois. Note - before 961 at Flandre, Belgium: Baudouin III was the co-comte de Flandre [with his father, whom he predeceased]. Married in 961: Mahaut=Mathilda de Saxe,, daughter of Hermann, Duke de Saxe and Hildegarde von Westerburg. Died: on 1 Nov 962 Baudouin III died before his father and reigned jointly with him, leaving his son, Arnoul II as infant heir. Arnoul I sought the aid of King Lothaire, offering Artois, Ostrevant, Ponthieu and Amiens in exchange for his support Mahaut=Mathilda 8 de Saxe (André Roux: Scrolls, 118.) (Stuart, Page 79, Line ). Married Name: de Verdun. AKA: Mathilda Billung. Born: before 946, daughter of Hermann, Duke de Saxe and Hildegarde von Westerburg, Mahaut is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Arnoul II was born. Married in 961: Baudouin III, Count de Flandre,, son of Arnoul I, Count de Flandre and Adèle=Alix de Vermandois. Married in 963: Godfrey, Count de Verdun,, son of Gozelin, Count de Bigdau and Uda de Metz (Mahaut was Godfrey's second wife and the widow of Baudouin III when she married Godfrey) ( Died: on 25 May Bérenger II, King of 8 Italy (André Roux: Scrolls, 118.) (Stuart, Page 236.) (Stuart, Page 197.). AKA: Bérenger, Count de Milan. AKA: Bérenger II, Marquis d'ivrée. AKA: Bérenger II, Emperor de l'occident. Born: before 910, son of Adelbert I, Count of Italy and Gisèle, Princess of Italy. Married in 936: Willa d'arles,, daughter of Boson, Marquis de Toscane and Willa de Bourgogne. Note - in 950 at Italy: Bérenger II was the Marquis of Ivrea. He was also Emperor of the occident and became King of Italy in the year 950 (André Roux: Scrolls, 118.) (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 236, Line ). Died: on 6 Jul 966 at Bamburg, Bavaria Willa 8 d'arles (Stuart, Page 236.). Born: before 921, daughter of Boson, Marquis de Toscane and Willa de Bourgogne, Willa is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Adelbert was born. Married in 936: Bérenger II, King of Italy,, son of Adelbert I, Count of Italy and Gisèle, Princess of Italy. Died: after Sigefroy, Count 8 de Luxembourg (Stuart, Page 225, Line ; Page 247, Line ) (André Roux: Scrolls, 200.). AKA: Siegfried, Count de Moselgau. Born: in 922 at Luxembourg, son of Richwin, Count de Verdun and Kunigonde de France. Married circa 950: Hedvige d'alsace,, daughter of Éberhard IV, Count d'alsace and Luitgard de Lorraine. Died: in 998 Siegfried became the Count of Luxembourg in Hedvige 8 d'alsace (Ibid.) (Stuart, Page 225, Line ; Page 247, Line ). Married Name: de Luxembourg. Born: before 940, daughter of Éberhard IV, Count d'alsace and Luitgard de Lorraine, Hedvige is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Sigefroy. Married circa 950: Sigefroy, Count de Luxembourg,, son of Richwin, Count de Verdun and Kunigonde de France. Died: on 13 Dec Heribert, Count 8 von Gleiberg (Stuart, Page 246, Line ). AKA: Heribert, Count de Wetterau. AKA: Heribert, Margrave von Schweinfürt. Born: circa 925, son of Eudes, Count de Wetterau and N? de Vermandois. Married before 975: Ermentrude von Avalgau,, daughter of Megingor, Count von Avalgau and Gerberge N? Died: in Ermentrude 8 von Avalgau (Ibid.). Married Name: von Gleiberg. Born: before 960, daughter of Megingor, Count von Avalgau and Gerberge N?, Ermentrude is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Ermentrude was born. Married before 975: Heribert, Count von Gleiberg,, son of Eudes, Count de Wetterau and N? de Vermandois Hughes, dux 8 Francorum (André Roux: Scrolls, 79.) (Castelot, Tome 1, Pages ) (Paul Theroff, posts, post under Subject "Capet" on 09 July 1994 at 19:35 Hours.) (von Redlich, Pages 63, 124.). AKA: Hughes Magnus, Count d'orléans. AKA: Hughes, Count de Vexin. Also Known As: Hughes "Le Grand." AKA: Hughes I, Duke de France. AKA: Hughes "The White." AKA: Comte Hughes d'auxerre (Abbott, Page 202.). AKA: Hughes, Comte de Paris. AKA: Hughes, Comte de Barrois The first known Comte de Barrois was Hughes "Le Grand" whose daughter Béatrix took the County to Frédéric [Ferry] d'ardenne, son of Wigéric and Cunégonde, and brother of the powerful Adalbéron, Bishop de Metz (Abbott, Page 545.). Born: circa 895, son of Robert I, King de France and Béatrice de Vermandois. Married either 0914 or 0922: Judith du Maine,, daughter of Roger, Count du Maine and Rothilde de Neustrie (Judith was Hughes' first wife. E.S. [via Paul Theroff indicates Judith married Hughes in 922. Keats-Rohan presents the attestation by Hughes I, Comte du Maine of a Charter of Robert de Neustrie in 914 as evidence that the marriage between Hughes I's sister and Hugh The Great had taken place by that time) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Pages ). Married between 0926 and 0927: Eadhild, Princess of England,, daughter of Edward I, King of England and Eadgifu=Edgiva of Kent (Eadhild was Hughes' second wife). Married in 938: Hadwige, Princess de Saxe,, daughter of Henri I, Duke de Saxe and Mathilde, Countess de Ringelheim (Hadwige was Hughes' third wife). Note - in 948: Hughes, Count of Paris, was the son of King Robert I, step-brother of King Raoul and father of Hughes Capet, founder of the third Capetian Race. When King Raoul died on 14 January 936, Hughes was the logical candidate for the succession, but he feared an insurrection, particularly by Herbert de Vermandois. He addressed the Assembly of Nobles:

16 "King Charles ["Le Simple", who had been imprisoned by Herbert de Vermandois and died incarcerated in Péronne in 929] died miserably, whether he deserved his fate, the Divinity of the Throne has been stained by our crimes. First of all, if our fathers and indeed ourselves as well have committed acts which have sounded the Divine Majesty, we must spare no effort to remove that stain. Let us jointly and all together agree on the choice of a Prince. My father [King Robert], although elected by your unanimous consent, made a big mistake in accepting the throne, since the only person who had the right to rule [King Charles "Le Simple"] was still alive and was in prison, though alive. Believe me, this could have been been agreeable in the eyes of God. Far be it from me to have the intention of taking my father's place! On the other hand, we must avoid inviting a member of a foreign family to succeed Raoul [Duke de Bourgogne, elected King in 923] whom we hold in pious memory, Since we know the consequences. Witness the discredit heaped upon the King, and the resulting discord within this Assembly itself. Consequently, let us take up the Royal Lineage, which has been temporarily broken. Therefore, recall from overseas, the son of Charles, Louis, and choose him for your King." Hughes "Le Grand" was a shrewd and ambitious man who fought against Louis IV and was excommunicated at the Council of Ingelheim in 948. Significant-Other: Raingarde de Dijon before Raingarde was a concubine of Hughes. Died: on 17 Jun 956 at Deurdan, Germany. Buried: on 1 Jul Hadwige, Princess 8 de Saxe (André Roux: Scrolls, 79, 113.) (Stuart, Page 99, Line ). Married Name: Francorum. Born: circa 910 at Saxe, Germany, daughter of Henri I, Duke de Saxe and Mathilde, Countess de Ringelheim. Married in 938: Hughes, dux Francorum,, son of Robert I, King de France and Béatrice de Vermandois (Hadwige was Hughes' third wife). Died: on 10 May Guillaume=William I, Comte 8 d'aquitaine (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 119, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 07 June 1995 at 14:11 Hours.) (Information posted on the Internet, [Ademari Historiarum III.25, MGH SS IV, p. 126].) (Internet, Comitum Pictaviæ, RHGF X, p. 294.].). AKA: Guillaume, Count du Limousin. AKA: Guillaume, Count de Velay. Also Known As: Guillaume "Tête d'étoupe" (Guillaume was known as "Tête d'étoupe" owing to the brilliant color of his hair) (Abbott, Page 303.). AKA: Guillaume, Count de Poitou He succeeded his father as GUILLAUME I Tête d'etoupes/caput-stupæ Comte de Poitou. He was appointed lay abbot of Saint-Hilaire-de-Poitiers in Jan 942. From the start of his reign, his possession of Poitou was disputed by Hugues "le Grand" Duc des Francs [Capet] (Abbott, Page 402.) (A. Richard, Histoire des Comtes de Poitou in no series, Tome I (n.p.: n.pub., 1903 (republished Princi Negue, 2003)), 94, Page , 155.). Born: in 900 at Poitiers, Poitou-Charentes, Vienne, France, son of Ébalus Manzer and Émilienne N? Married in 935: Adèle de Normandie,, daughter of Rollon=Rolf, Duke de Normandie and Popa de Bayeux. AKA: Guillaume, Comte de Limoges (Internet, AKA: Guillaume III, Duke d'aquitaine Around this same time, Lothaire King of France extended the authority of Comte Guillaume over the whole of Aquitaine. Although known to history as GUILLAUME III Duke of Aquitaine, charters record him as "Guillelmus Aquitanici ducatus comes"[51] and "Guillelmus Pictavensium sive Lemovicensium necne et Arvernensium comes insuper etiam Aquitainiæ comes palati"[52] as well as "Willelmi duci Aquitanorum cognomento Caput-Stupæ"[53]. He abdicated in 962 (Internet, (see also footnotes 52 and 53) [ Richard, A. (ed.) (1886) Chartes et documents pour servir à l'histoire de l'abbaye de Saint-Maixent, Archives historiques du Poitou Tome XVI (Poitiers) ("Saint-Maixent") Vol. I, XX, page 32; Vol. I, XXVII, page 42; and Vol. I, XXIII, page 35].). AKA: Guillaume, Count d'auvergne Guillaume abdicated the County in 963 (Abbott, Page 442.) (Internet, Occupation: between 0959 and 0963 Guillaume I was the Count of Auvergne, Velay, Limousin and Poitou and then became the Dux Aquitanorum in 959. He was the first Duke Guillaume d'aquitaine of this family, but he was preceded by two other Duke William from the House of Autun. Hence, there may be some confusion concerning the proper ordinal number. Note - between 962 and 3 Apr 963: Upon his abdications from his noble positions in 962, and became a monk at Saint-Cyprien de Poitiers (Richard, Histoire des Comtes de, 94, Page 130.). Died: on 3 Apr 963 at Poitiers, Poitou-Charentes, Vienne, France, Guillaume I died a monk. Buried: after 3 Apr 963 at Saint-Cyprien de Poitiers, Poitiers, Poitou-Charentes, Vienne, France (Internet, [Ademari Historiarum III.30, MGH SS IV, p. 128].) Adèle 8 de Normandie (Stuart, Page 118, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 07 June 1995 at 14:11 Hours.). Married Name: d'aquitaine. AKA: Gerloc. Born: circa 920 at Neustrie, daughter of Rollon=Rolf, Duke de Normandie and Popa de Bayeux. Married in 935: Guillaume=William I, Comte d'aquitaine,, son of Ébalus Manzer and Émilienne N? Died: after Bozon II, Count 8 d'arles (André Roux: Scrolls, 148.) (Stuart, Page 261, Line ). AKA: Boson II, Count d'avignon. AKA: Boson II, Count de Provence Boson II was the Count of Provence at Arles (André Roux: Scrolls, 114.) (Stuart, Page 236, Line ) (Abbott, Page 606.). Born: before 929, son of Robaud I, Count d'arles and N? d'aquitaine, Boson is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Guillaume was born. Married before 944 at Provence, France: Folcoare=Constance de Toulouse,, daughter of Charles Constantine, Count de Vienne and Teutberge=Thiberge de Troyes. Died: between 0965 and 0967 Boson was alive in the year 949 but not in Folcoare=Constance 8 de Toulouse (André Roux: Scrolls, 148.) (Stuart, Page 261, Line ). AKA: Constance d'arles. AKA: Constance de Provence. Married Name: d'arles. AKA: Constance de Vienne. Born: before 929 at France, daughter of Charles Constantine, Count de Vienne and Teutberge=Thiberge de Troyes, Constance is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Guillaume was born. Married before 944 at Provence, France: Bozon II, Count d'arles,, son of Robaud I, Count d'arles and N? d'aquitaine Fouques II, Count 8 d'anjou (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.). Also Known As: Fouques "Le Bon." Born: in 909 at France, son of Fouques I, Count d'anjou and Roscille de Loches. Note - between 0909 and 0958 at Maine-et-Loire, Anjou, France: Fouques II was the first of the Angevin Comtes to try to dominate Brittany (Abbott, Page 143.). Married before 929: Gerberge, Comtesse de Gâtinais,, daughter of Gausfred I, Vicomte d'orléans and Aba, Dame d'arverne. Died: on 11 Nov 958 (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 4 16:10 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed, G. Paget "Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales.") Gerberge, Comtesse 8 de Gâtinais (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ) (Abbott, Page 103.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 241, 244.) (Abbott, Page 103.). AKA: Gerberge d'arles. Married Name: d'anjou. Born: circa 913 at France, daughter of Gausfred I, Vicomte d'orléans and Aba, Dame d'arverne, Gerberge's parentage is in dispute. PaterAlter circa 913 Gerberge, Comtesse de Gâtinais/Ratburne, Vicomte de Vienne (an unknown value) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 227.). MaterAlter: circa 913 Gerberge d'arverne/gerberge, Comtesse de Gâtinais (Ibid.). Married before 929: Fouques II, Count d'anjou,, son of Fouques I, Count d'anjou and Roscille de Loches. Died: in 952 Gerberge signed a charter in 952 (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 4 16:10 Hrs], Citing

17 A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed, G. Paget "Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales.") Billung, Count 8 de Saxe (Stuart, Page 222, Line ). Born: before 890 Billung is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Hermann was born. Married before 905: Fréderunda N? Died: on 26 Mar Fréderunda 8 N? (Ibid.). Married Name: de Saxe. Born: before 890 Fréderunda is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Hermann was born. Married before 905: Billung, Count de Saxe. Died: after Lothar II, Count 8 von Stade (Stuart, Page 215, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 6 July 18:40 Hours.). Born: before 880, son of Lothar, Count von Stade and Oda de Saxe. Married before 926: Swanhilde N? Died: on 5 Sep 929 at Lenzen, Germany, Lothar II died in battle Swanhilde 8 N? (Stuart, Page 215, Line ). Married Name: von Stade. Born: before 911 Swanhilde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter, Gerburga, was born. Married before 926: Lothar II, Count von Stade,, son of Lothar, Count von Stade and Oda de Saxe Elli I, Count 8 von Rheinhausen (Stuart, Page 215, Line ). Born: before 944 Eli I is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Hildegarde was born. Married before 959: N? N? 183. N? 8 N? Married before 959: Elli I, Count von Rheinhausen Arnulf, Duke 8 de Bavière (Stuart, Page 197, Line ). Also Known As: Arnulf "The Bad." AKA: Arnulf I, Margrave de Nordgau ( Born: before 898, son of Luitpold, Margrave de Bavière and Kunigonde de Souabe, Arnulf is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Arnulf was born. Note - between 0909 and 0937: Arnulf was an Army leader in Bavaria, and reigned as Duke from 909 to 914 and 919 to 937 (Ibid.). Married in 910: Judith de Friuli,, daughter of Eberhard, Count von Sulichgau and N? N? PaterAlter circa 929 Arnulf, Duke de Bavière/Hermann I, Count von Bonngau (an unknown value). Died: on 14 Jul 937 at La Réole, Bezaume, Gascogne, France Judith 8 de Friuli (Stuart, Page 198, Line ). Married Name: de Bavière. Born: before 895, daughter of Eberhard, Count von Sulichgau and N? N?, Judith is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Arnulf was born. Married in 910: Arnulf, Duke de Bavière,, son of Luitpold, Margrave de Bavière and Kunigonde de Souabe. MaterAlter: circa 929 Hermann I, Count von Bonngau/Judith de Friuli Lothar II, Count 8 von Walbeck (Stuart, Page 9, Line ). Born: before 929, son of Lothar I, Count von Walbeck and N? N?, Lothar II was alive in the year 929. Married before 945: Mathilda von Arneburg,, daughter of Bruno, Count von Arneburg and N. von Harzgau. Died: on 3 Dec Mathilda 8 von Arneburg (Stuart, Page 198, Line ). Married Name: von Walbeck. Born: before 930, daughter of Bruno, Count von Arneburg and N. von Harzgau, Mathilda is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Eiliswintha was born. Married before 945: Lothar II, Count von Walbeck,, son of Lothar I, Count von Walbeck and N? N? Died: on 3 Dec Otto I of 8 Tullfeld (Stuart, Page 78, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 22 May 1994 at 22:25 Hours.). Born: before 945, son of Poppo III, Count von Grabfeld and N? N? Married before 978: N? N? Died: after 982 Otto I was alive in the year N? 8 N? Married before 978: Otto I of Tullfeld,, son of Poppo III, Count von Grabfeld and N? N? 192. Azenar, Sire 8 d'orléans (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 264.). Born: circa 920 (Ibid.). Married circa 944: Hildeburgis, Dame de Bellême. Died: after Hildeburgis, Dame 8 de Bellême (Ibid.). Married Name: d'orléans. Born: circa 930. Married circa 944: Azenar, Sire d'orléans Geoffroy = Gausfred II, Vicomte 8 de Châteaudun (Stuart, Page 184, Line ) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages ) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 262.). Born: circa 930 at Orléanais, France, son of Gauzfrid, Vicomte de Chartres and N? N? (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 264.). Married before 954: Hermengarde = Hildegard N? Died: in 987 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 265.) Hermengarde = Hildegard 8 N? (Stuart, Page 184, Line ) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 264.). Married Name: de Châteaudun. Note -: Hermengarde's sister Gerberge married Guilguin, Seigneur de Semur. Born: circa 940 at France (Ibid.). Married before 954: Geoffroy = Gausfred II, Vicomte de Châteaudun,, son of Gauzfrid, Vicomte de Chartres and N? N? Died: on 14 Apr Liétaud II, Count 8 de Mâcon (Stuart, Page 77, Line ) (Abbott, Page 212.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 244.). AKA: Liétaud, Comte de Bourg-le-Comte (Abbott, Page 518.). Born: circa 900, son of Albéric=Aubri, Sire de Salins and Attellanne, Vicomtesse de Mâcon. Married before 918: Ermengarde de Vergy,, daughter of Manasses, Comte de Bourgogne and Ermengarde N? (Ermengarde was Liéraud's first wife). Note - in 924: Liétaud and Ermengarde together made a donation to Saint Odon, Abbé de Cluny according to a chart dated 2 Calendes of April of the twelfth year od the reign of Rodolphe. Married before 931: Berthe de Troyes,, daughter of Garnier=Warinus, Count de Troyes and Teutberge d'arles (Berthe was Liétaud's second wife) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Quatrième (Volume 4), MDCCCXXXIV (1834), De Villeneuve, Pages 6-7.). Note - in Feb 944: Berthe concurred with a donation her husband Liétaud made to the Abbey de Cluny in February of the 8th year of Louis d'outremer's reign (Ibid., Tome Quatrième (Volume 4), MDCCCXXXIV (1834), De Villeneuve, Page 7.). Married after 945: Richilde d'autun,, daughter of Richard, Comte d'autun and Adélaïde

18 d'auxerre. Died: on 17 Sep 965 The Archives source indicates he died after the year 967 (Ibid.) Ermengarde 8 de Vergy (Ibid., Tome Quatrième (Volume 4), MDCCCXXXIV (1834), De Villeneuve, Page 6.). AKA: Ermengarde de Chalon. Married Name: de Mâcon. Born: before 884, daughter of Manasses, Comte de Bourgogne and Ermengarde N?, Ermengarde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age when she married Liétaud. Married before 918: Liétaud II, Count de Mâcon,, son of Albéric=Aubri, Sire de Salins and Attellanne, Vicomtesse de Mâcon (Ermengarde was Liéraud's first wife). Note - in 924: Liétaud and Ermengarde together made a donation to Saint Odon, Abbé de Cluny according to a chart dated 2 Calendes of April of the twelfth year od the reign of Rodolphe. Died: in Renaud, Count 8 de Reims (André Roux: Scrolls, 123, 193, 269.). AKA: Reginald, Count de Roucy. Born: circa 920 at France, son of Achard de La Ferté-sur-Aube and Acharda de Bar-sur-Aube (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 225.). Married circa 937: Albérade=Aubrée de Lorraine,, daughter of Gilbert, Count de Brabant and Gerberge de Saxe. Died: on 10 May 967 Renaud was buried 15 March at the Abbey of Saint-Rémi, Reims, France Albérade=Aubrée 8 de Lorraine (André Roux: Scrolls, 123, 193.) (Stuart, Page 70, Line ). Married Name: de Reims. AKA: Albrade de Hainaut. Born: circa 930, daughter of Gilbert, Count de Brabant and Gerberge de Saxe. Married circa 937: Renaud, Count de Reims,, son of Achard de La Ferté-sur-Aube and Acharda de Bar-sur-Aube. Died: on 15 Mar Fouques II, Count 8 d'anjou (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.). Also Known As: Fouques "Le Bon." Born: in 909 at France, son of Fouques I, Count d'anjou and Roscille de Loches. Note - between 0909 and 0958 at Maine-et-Loire, Anjou, France: Fouques II was the first of the Angevin Comtes to try to dominate Brittany (Abbott, Page 143.). Married before 929: Gerberge, Comtesse de Gâtinais,, daughter of Gausfred I, Vicomte d'orléans and Aba, Dame d'arverne. Died: on 11 Nov 958 (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 4 16:10 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed, G. Paget "Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales.") Gerberge, Comtesse 8 de Gâtinais (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ) (Abbott, Page 103.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 241, 244.) (Abbott, Page 103.). AKA: Gerberge d'arles. Married Name: d'anjou. Born: circa 913 at France, daughter of Gausfred I, Vicomte d'orléans and Aba, Dame d'arverne, Gerberge's parentage is in dispute. PaterAlter circa 913 Gerberge, Comtesse de Gâtinais/Ratburne, Vicomte de Vienne (an unknown value) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 227.). MaterAlter: circa 913 Gerberge d'arverne/gerberge, Comtesse de Gâtinais (Ibid.). Married before 929: Fouques II, Count d'anjou,, son of Fouques I, Count d'anjou and Roscille de Loches. Died: in 952 Gerberge signed a charter in 952 (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 4 16:10 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed, G. Paget "Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales.") Robert, Count 8 de Chalon (André Roux: Scrolls, 112.). AKA: Robert, Count de Meaux. AKA: Robert, Count de Troyes. AKA: Robert, Count de Vermandois. Born: in 910, son of Herbert II, Count de Vermandois and Hildebrante de Neustrie. Married before 950 at France: Adélaïs=Were de Bourgogne,, daughter of Gilbert, Duke de Bourgogne and Ermengarde d'autun (Some sources [notably, Stuart's "Royalty for Commoners] indicate that this Adélaïs married Herbert II, Count de Vermandois as second husband [although she is then not shown in the Vermandois listing, and Herbert II died on 22 February 979 according to the same source] and then marrying [in March years after she is purported to have died by the same source] Geoffroy I, Count d'anjou as her third husband. If that is true, then she is one in the same person as Adélaïs shown herein as her daughter. Data from André Roux disputes this improbable sequence. Robert acquired Troyes and received Meaux by his marriage with Adèle, daughter of Gilbert de Bourgogne [according to Abbott]) (Abbott, Pages 60.). Died: in Aug Adélaïs=Were 8 de Bourgogne (André Roux: Scrolls, 112, 194.) (Stuart, Page 190, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, "9th/10th Centy.Kings" posted on 14 February 1994 at 20:00 Hours.). AKA: Adélaïde, Comtesse de Chalon (Abbott, Page 207.). AKA: Adélaïs de Bourgogne (André Roux: Scrolls, 98.) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., John Rosenberg (ID#:GMVH69A), 7 April 1995 at 13:21 hours.). MaterAlter: before 919 Gerberge=Garsinde de Chalon/Adélaïs=Were de Bourgogne. Born: circa 922, daughter of Gilbert, Duke de Bourgogne and Ermengarde d'autun, Adélaïs is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Herbert was born. Abbott contradicts most sources when he has Adélaïde who married Robert as the mother of Adélaïde who married Lambert [where Stuart shows them to be the same person]. Married before 945: Lambert, Count de Chalon,, son of Robert, Vicomte de Dijon and Ingeltrude N? (This Adélaïs may also have married Robert de Vermandois, which would make her Adélaïs=Were de Bourgogne, daughter of Gilbert, Duke de Bourgogne by Ermengarde d'autun. Some sources recognize that Lambert, Comte de Chalon's wife was named Adélaïs, but do not find her de Bourgogne parentage convincing. Moreover, some sources have Adélaïs as marrying first Robert before 950, then marrying Lambert between 967 and 979 [since Lambert died in 979] and then marrying thirdly Geoffroy I "Grisegonelle" d'anjou in 979). Married before 950 at France: Robert, Count de Chalon,, son of Herbert II, Count de Vermandois and Hildebrante de Neustrie (Some sources [notably, Stuart's "Royalty for Commoners] indicate that this Adélaïs married Herbert II, Count de Vermandois as second husband [although she is then not shown in the Vermandois listing, and Herbert II died on 22 February 979 according to the same source] and then marrying [in March years after she is purported to have died by the same source] Geoffroy I, Count d'anjou as her third husband. If that is true, then she is one in the same person as Adélaïs shown herein as her daughter. Data from André Roux disputes this improbable sequence. Robert acquired Troyes and received Meaux by his marriage with Adèle, daughter of Gilbert de Bourgogne [according to Abbott]) (Abbott, Pages 60.). Died: between 0959 and Amaury, Count 8 de Hainaut (André Roux: Scrolls, 168.). Born: circa 920 at France (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., posted by Thomas McPartlin [Prodigy ID# RRYW67A] under Subject "Vermandois", 11 April 1996 at 20:03 Hours.). Married circa 952 at France: Judith de Combray,, daughter of Isaac, Count de Combray and Albérade de Flandre. Died: in 973 (Ibid.) Judith 8 de Combray (André Roux: Scrolls, 168.) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., posted by Thomas McPartlin [Prodigy ID# RRYW67A] under Subject "Vermandois", 11 April 1996 at 20:03 Hours.). Married Name: de Hainaut. Born: circa 920 at France, daughter of Isaac, Count de Combray and Albérade de Flandre. Married circa 952 at France: Amaury, Count de Hainaut. Died: after 952.

19 216. Richard I, Duke 8 de Normandie (, Personal Research. References with "FHL" numbers refer to the microfilm number availble from the Family Home Library headquartered in Salt Lake City, with local branches. in no series (n.p.: n.pub., n.d.), Encyclopedic Research.) (Stuart, Page 124, Line ) (André Roux: Scrolls, 149, 195, 242.) (Rosamond, Page 238.) (Paul Theroff, posts, 08 June 1995 at 18:26 Hours.). AKA: Richard, Regent de France Richard was the Regent of France from 956 to 960. Also Known As: Richard "Sans Peur" ("The Fearless") (Abbott, Page 219.). Born: in 933 at Fécamp, Caux, Normandie, France, son of Guillaume I, Duke de Normandie and Sprote de Bretagne. Note - between 0942 and 0965: When in 942 Richard I's father William Longsword (Longue Épée) was murdered at the instigation of Arnoul, Count of Flanders, Richard was still a minor. Louis IV and Hugh The Great both tried to seize Normandy, and Louis took charge of Richard. Richard escaped from his custody at Laon, and retook Rouen. From 947, Richard governed in relative peace and in 965, he swore allegiance to the Carolingian King Lothar. Officially married to Emma, daughter of Hugh the Great; they had no children, but from his common-law wife Gonnor, a Dane, they had many. Married between 0956 and 0960 at France: Emma de France,, daughter of Hughes, dux Francorum and Hadwige, Princess de Saxe. Significant-Other: Gonnor, Dame de Bolbec before Married in 978: Gonnor, Dame de Bolbec,, daughter of Herbastus, Chevalier de Crépon and Cyrid N? (Lady Gonnor was Richard's common-law wife as Richard had no children with his wife Emma, daughter of Hugh the Great). Significant-Other: N? N? before She was a concubine of Richard I. Died: on 20 Nov 996 at Fécamp, Caux, Normandie, France Gonnor, Dame 8 de Bolbec (André Roux: Scrolls, 36.) (Stuart, Page 67, Line ). Married Name: de Normandie. AKA: Gonnor, Dame de Crépon. Born: circa 936 at France, daughter of Herbastus, Chevalier de Crépon and Cyrid N?, According to some sources, Lady Gonnor's parentage is unknown other than that her parents were Danes. Significant-Other: Richard I, Duke de Normandie before Married in 978: Richard I, Duke de Normandie,, son of Guillaume I, Duke de Normandie and Sprote de Bretagne (Lady Gonnor was Richard's common-law wife as Richard had no children with his wife Emma, daughter of Hugh the Great). Died: in 1031 at France Borel II, Count 8 de Barcelone (André Roux: Scrolls, 86.) (Stuart, Page 38, Line ). AKA: Borel, Count de Gerona. AKA: Borel, Count de Orsona. Born: before 948, son of Sunier, Count de Barcelone and Richilde de Rouergue, Borel was alive in the year 948. AKA: Borel II, co-count d'urgel ( AKA: Borel II, Count d'urgel (Ibid.). Married in 968 at Spain: Ledgarde=Luitgarde de Toulouse,, daughter of Raymond III, Count de Toulouse and Garsinde de Gascogne (Ledgarde was Borel's first wife). Note - between 0968 and 0993: Borel was a vassal of the Emirs of Cordova. Married before 992 at France: Aimerudis d'auvergne,, daughter of Raymond II, Count d'auvergne and Berthe de Toscane. Died: on 30 Sep Ledgarde=Luitgarde 8 de Toulouse (André Roux: Scrolls, 86.) (Stuart, Page 38, Line ). Married Name: de Barcelone. Born: before 937 at France, daughter of Raymond III, Count de Toulouse and Garsinde de Gascogne. Married in 968 at Spain: Borel II, Count de Barcelone,, son of Sunier, Count de Barcelone and Richilde de Rouergue (Ledgarde was Borel's first wife). Died: in 992 at Spain Roger I, Seigneur 8 de Comminges (André Roux: Scrolls, 86.) (Stuart, Page 209, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, "de Foix" posted on 21 March 1995 at 02:08 Hours.). AKA: Roger I, Count de Consérans. AKA: Roger, Count de Carcassonne (Abbott, Pages 379, 482.). Born: between 0930 and 0940 at Carcassonnais, France, son of Arnold I, Comte de Comminges and Arsende, Countess de Carcassonne, His birth date range is estimated on the assumption that he and his brother were young adolescents or older children at the date of this charter. His date of death suggests that it is more likely that he was born in the later part of this range. He succeeded as Comte de Carcassonne, de Razès, de Couserans et de Comminges, Seigneur de Foix. Note - in 949 at Abbey of Montaulieu, Languedoc, France: "Arnaldus et uxor mea Arsindis, et Rodgarius et Odo filiis nostris" granted property to the abbey of Montolieu, near Carcassonne for the souls of " et Rodgario fratre meo" by charter dated 949. Note - on 10 Sep 954: Adalaiz cum Arnaldus frater Rodgarii et alius Arnaldus filius Rodgarii et Ber " donated property to the abbey of Lagrasse for the souls of "Rodgarii et Aimilde comitissa et alio Rodgario" by charter dated [19 Jun 936/10 Sep 954] signed by "Raimundi comitis, Adalaiz comitissa qui hoc fecit." Married before Apr 970: Adélaïde de Rouergue (Adélaïde was the widow of Roger I's Uncle). Died: in Adélaïde 8 de Rouergue (Stuart, Page 209, Line ). Married Name: de Comminges. Married Name: de Carcassonne. AKA: Adélaïde de Pons. Born: before 948 at France Adélaïde is presumed to have been at least 17 years of age when her husband, Roger, died. Married before 964: Roger, Comte de Comminges,, son of Aznar, Count de Consérans and N? N? (Roger was Adélaïde's first husband). Married before Apr 970: Roger I, Seigneur de Comminges,, son of Arnold I, Comte de Comminges and Arsende, Countess de Carcassonne (Adélaïde was the widow of Roger I's Uncle). Died: after Hughes III, Count 8 du Maine (André Roux: Scrolls, 241.) (Stuart, Page 249, Line ) (Abbott, Page 130.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Page 192.). Born: circa 932 at France, son of Hughes II, Count du Maine and N? de Vermandois, Hughes III was alive in the year 967. Married before 977: N? de Guiscard. Died: between 1015 and 1016 Hugh III was allied with Odon II of Blois against Richard of Normandy shortly before his death in 1015 or 1016 (Ibid.) N? 8 de Guiscard. Born: circa 942. Married before 977: Hughes III, Count du Maine,, son of Hughes II, Count du Maine and N? de Vermandois. Married Name: du Maine Alberto Azzo I, Marchese 8 de Ligurie (Stuart, Page 27, Line ). Born: circa 970 at Liguria, son of Humbert=Oberto I, Count de Genoa and Railinda de Como. Married before 996: Adela N? Died: circa 1029 at Germany Alberto Azzo I died a captive Adela 8 N? (Stuart, Page 28, Line ). Married Name: de Ligurie. Note -: Adela lived under the Salic Law, i.e. she was a pagan. Born: before 982 Adela is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Alberto Azzo II was born. Married before 996: Alberto Azzo I, Marchese de Ligurie,, son of Humbert=Oberto I, Count de Genoa and Railinda de Como. Died: in Herbert I, Count 8 du Maine (André Roux: Scrolls, 241.) (Stuart, Page 249, Line ) (Abbott, Page 130.). Also Known As: Herbert "Éveille- Chiens." Born: circa 978 at France, son of Hughes III, Count du Maine and N? de Guiscard (André Roux: Scrolls.). Married before 1010: N? N? Note - in 1016: Herbert "Wake Dog", successor of Hugh III was obliged to fight against Odo of Blois at Pontlevoy in 1016 on behalf of his overlord, Fulk IV of Anjou (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Page 192.). Died: on 13 Apr 1036.

20 235. N? 8 N? Married before 1010: Herbert I, Count du Maine,, son of Hughes III, Count du Maine and N? de Guiscard Hamon, Seigneur 8 de Cruelli (Stuart, Page 247, Line ). AKA: Hamon, Seigneur de Turinge. Also Known As: Hamon "Aux Dents." Born: before 981 at France Hamon is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Hamelin was born. Married before 996: N? N? Died: in 1045 at Val-es-Dunes, France, Hamon died at the Battle of Val-es-Dunes N? 8 N? Married before 996: Hamon, Seigneur de Cruelli Yves I, Count 8 de Bellême (Augé.) (André Roux: Scrolls, 211.) (Stuart, Page 252, Line ) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome II (Volume 2), MDCCLXXI (1771), Page 291.). AKA: Yves I de Crelpuis. AKA: Yves I, Count de Domfort. AKA: Yves I, Seigneur d'alençon The seigneurie of Alençon was established late in the 10th. Century frou the House of Creil, Seigneurs d'alençon. These seigneurs were the most independent in Normandie. Their possessions extended into Maine and they had vassals (Abbott, Page 223.). AKA: Yves de Creil (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome V (Volume 5), MDCCLXXII (1772), Page 294.). Note -: Yves I was the first Count d'alençon and also Count de Domfort. He received the lands of Alençon and Bellême as a gift from Richard II, Duke of Normandy. He was the Grand Master of Ballistics of France in the year 945. He received Balistarius as a gift from King Louis IV of France. Roderick Stuart in his Royalty for Commoners adds a generation for another Yves before Yves I and after Fulcoin=Foulques. Born: before 940 at Normandie, France, son of Fulcoin=Foulques de Creil and Rhotaïs N?, Yves I was alive in the year 940. Also, Yves de Creil, who was alive in 944 was Corssbowman of the King, and fullfilled the functions of Maître de L'Artillerie and of Captain of the Infantry of France cited in the Histoire de Normandie (Ibid.). Married before 964 at France: Godehilde=Gordeschilda de Ponthieu,, daughter of Hildouin, Count de Montreuil and Hersende de Ramerupt. Died: in 1007 at Normandie, France, According to André Roux, Yves was alive in the year 1005 (Abbott, Page 223.) Godehilde=Gordeschilda 8 de Ponthieu (André Roux: Scrolls, 53, 211.) (Stuart, Page 252, Line ). Married Name: de Bellême. Born: circa 944, daughter of Hildouin, Count de Montreuil and Hersende de Ramerupt. Married before 964 at France: Yves I, Count de Bellême,, son of Fulcoin=Foulques de Creil and Rhotaïs N? --- 9th Generation Adalbert, Count 9 de Metz (Stuart, Page 115, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, "de Lorraine", 10 July 1995 at 13:24 Hours.). Born: before 924, son of Matfried, Count de Metz and Lantsind N?, Adalbert is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age when he died. Married before 933: Luitgard de Lorraine,, daughter of Wigeric, Pfalzgrave d'aachen and Kunigonde de France (Adalbert was Luitgard's first husband). Died: in 944 Adalbert died in battle Luitgard 9 de Lorraine (Stuart, Page 115, Line ; Page 150, Line ) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.) (Ibid.). Married Name: d'alsace. Married Name: de Metz. Born: before 915, daughter of Wigeric, Pfalzgrave d'aachen and Kunigonde de France. Married before 933: Adalbert, Count de Metz,, son of Matfried, Count de Metz and Lantsind N? (Adalbert was Luitgard's first husband). Married in 935: Éberhard IV, Count d'alsace,, son of Hughes III, Count d'alsace and Hildegarde N? ( Died: in Rainier I, Count 9 de Hainaut (André Roux: Scrolls, 115, 191.) (Stuart, Page 153, Line ). AKA: Régnier I, Dux de Lotharingie. AKA: Reginar, Graff im Hennegau. AKA: Ragnar I, Duke de Lorraine. Also Known As: Rainier "Au Long Col" (Abbott, Page 558.). Born: before 860 at Belgium, son of Gilbert II, Count de Lotharingie and Ermengarde, Duchesse de Lorraine, Rainier I is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age when he married Hersente. Married before 875: Hersente, Princesse de France,, daughter of Charles II, King de France and Ermentrude d'orléans (Hersente was Rainier I's first wife). Married in 876: Albérade, Duchesse de Lorraine (Albérade was Rainier I's second wife). Died: between 0915 and 0916 at Meerssen, Palatine, Limburg, Belgium, Rainier I was alive in the year Hersente, Princesse 9 de France. Married Name: de Hainaut. Born: before 865, daughter of Charles II, King de France and Ermentrude d'orléans, Hersente is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Rainier I. Married before 875: Rainier I, Count de Hainaut,, son of Gilbert II, Count de Lotharingie and Ermengarde, Duchesse de Lorraine (Hersente was Rainier I's first wife). Died: in Richard, Comte 9 d'autun (André Roux: Scrolls, 194.) (Stuart, Page 153, Line ). AKA: Richard, Count de Sens. AKA: Richard, Duke de Bourgogne (Abbott, Page 198.). Also Known As: Richard "Le Justicière." Born: before 864, son of Beuve=Bouin, Comte de Bourgogne and Richilde d'arles, Richard is presumed to have been born before his father was 50 years of age. Married before 888: Adélaïde d'auxerre,, daughter of Conrad II, Count d'auxerre and Waldrade=Vaudrie d'alsace. Died: on 1 Sep 921 at Flandre-Occidentale, Belgium Adélaïde 9 d'auxerre (André Roux: Scrolls, 194.) (Stuart, Page 215, Line ). Married Name: d'autun. AKA: Adélaïde de Bourgogne. Born: before 871 at France, daughter of Conrad II, Count d'auxerre and Waldrade=Vaudrie d'alsace. Married before 888: Richard, Comte d'autun,, son of Beuve=Bouin, Comte de Bourgogne and Richilde d'arles. Died: circa Rainier, Count 9 de Verdun. Born: before 885 Rainier is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his son, Richwin, was born. Married before 902: N? N? 297. N? 9 N? Married before 902: Rainier, Count de Verdun N? 9 N? Married before 890: Ermentrude, Princess de France,, daughter of Louis II, King de France and Adélaïde=Adelheid de Paris Ermentrude, Princess 9 de France. Born: circa 870, daughter of Louis II, King de France and Adélaïde=Adelheid de Paris. Married before 890: N? N?

21 304. Louis II, King 9 de France (André Roux: Scrolls, 191.) (Stuart, Page 130, Line ) (Augé.) (Rosamond, Page 258.) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page 387.). AKA: Louis II, King d'aquitaine. Also Known As: Louis "Le Bègue." AKA: Louis II, King de Provence (Abbott, Page 499.). Born: in Nov 846 at Compiègne, Oise, Ile-de-France, France, son of Charles II, King de France and Ermentrude d'orléans. Married in 862: Ansgarde de Bourgogne,, daughter of Hardouin, Count de Bourgogne (She was given in marriage to Louis by her brother, Odon, often confused with Odon, Count of Troyes, an older man and one of Louis' detractors) (Rosamond, Page 185.). Note - between 0867 and 0879: Louis II was the King of Aquitaine from 867 to 879 and became King of France in 877, crowned at Compiègne by Hincmar, Archbishop of Rheims on 8 October. If the children and grandchildren of Charlemagne had an easy time ascending to the throne by virtue of their parentage, the same is not true for Louis. Louis had to be elected by the Greats - the nobles whose power had been growing steadily - and they conceded only after having received countships and additional powers. Moreover, Louis had to accept the tutelage of his maternal uncle, Hughes, Marquis of Neustria who also received the countship of Tours. He died 16 months later while making preparations to reprimand Bernard, Duke of Septimanie. Upon his death, nobles, looking to enhance their own power saw the kingdom partitioned between Louis III and Carloman, who were both crowned and anointed at Ferrières in September 879 by Ansegis, Archbishop of Sens. Louis III's portion comprised Francia and Neustria, and Carloman ruled Burgundy, Aquitaine and Gothia. Married between 0868 and 0869: Adélaïde=Adelheid de Paris,, daughter of Adalhard, Count de Paris and N? N? Died: on 11 Apr 879 at France at age 32 Louis II died sooner than expected after having divided his kingdom between his two sons, Louis III and Carloman. To the older son went Francia and Neustria; and to the younger went Bourgogne, Aquitaine and the Marche of Spain. This creation of two kingdoms is highly disputed because the two sons are not viewed by some as legitimate because Charles le Chauve had not officially recognized Louis marriage to Ansgarde. Louis was not favored, and on 15 October 879, Provence and Bourgogne recognize Richilde's (Charles le Chauve's widow) brother, Bozon. Moreover, Louis, son of Louis le Germanique, also lays claim to the throne of France. Thus, to make matters rather complicated there exists three kings of France at this time Adélaïde=Adelheid 9 de Paris (Rosamond.) (André Roux: Scrolls, 191.) (Stuart, Page 245, Line ) (Augé.). Married Name: de France. Born: before 855, daughter of Adalhard, Count de Paris and N? N?, Adélaïde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Ermentrude was born. Married between 0868 and 0869: Louis II, King de France,, son of Charles II, King de France and Ermentrude d'orléans. Died: after 10 Nov Edward I, King of 9 England (Stuart, Page 171, Line ) (André Roux: Scrolls, 191.). Also Known As: Edward "The Elder." AKA: Édouard "L'Ancien" ( Born: in 875 at Wessex, England, son of Elfred, King of Wessex and Ealhswit = Ethelswitha Sighelm of Mercia. Significant-Other: Elfleda de Bernicie before 894 at England - She was a beautiful shepherdess who, after having dreamed that the moon shone from her womb, led Edward the Elder to have her conceive Athelstan. Note - between 0899 and 0924: Edward the Elder was King of the Anglo-Saxons from 899 to 925. He was a Bretwala (king of Kings). AKA: Edward I, King of d'estanglie Anglia (Ibid.). AKA: Edward I, King of Essex (Ibid.). AKA: Edward I, King of Sussex (Ibid.). AKA: Edward I, King of de Mercie Mercia (Ibid.). AKA: Edward I, King of Wessex (Ibid.). AKA: Edward I, King of Kent (Ibid.). Married in 919 at Berkshire, England: Eadgifu=Edgiva of Kent,, daughter of Sigehelm, Earldorman of Kent and N? N? (Eadgifu was Edward I's third wife). Died: in Jul 924 at Farndon-on-Dee, Ferrington, Farrington, Berkshire, England Eadgifu=Edgiva of 9 Kent (Stuart, Page 171, Line ) (Stuart, Page 171.). Married Name: Eadgifu of England. Born: circa 896 at Kent, England, daughter of Sigehelm, Earldorman of Kent and N? N? Married in 919 at Berkshire, England: Edward I, King of England,, son of Elfred, King of Wessex and Ealhswit = Ethelswitha Sighelm of Mercia (Eadgifu was Edward I's third wife). Died: on 25 Aug 968 at England Otton, Dux 9 de Saxe (André Roux: Scrolls.) (Rosamond.) (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 69, Line ) (von Redlich, Page 63.). AKA: Otto von Erlauchten. Also Known As: Otton "Le Grand." Born: in 835, son of Liudolf, Dux de Saxe and Oda de Franconia, Princess d'austrasie. Married in 869: Hadwige=Hathui, Princess de Bavière,, daughter of Arnulf, Emperor of Germany and Oda de Bavière. AKA: Otton, Count in de Turinge Otton was Count in South Thuringia (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.). Died: on 13 Nov 912. Buried: on 30 Nov Hadwige=Hathui, Princess 9 de Bavière (André Roux: Scrolls.) (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 131, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 22 May 1994 at 22:25 Hours.). Married Name: de Saxe. Born: circa 863, daughter of Arnulf, Emperor of Germany and Oda de Bavière, At age 13, Hadwige would be assumed to have her first child, which also assumes her father was 13 when she was born. There are divergent views as to Hedwige's parentage. Weis' "Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists" [6th. Ed., 1988, Line 141 (42)] shows Arnulf as her father. Other sources [E.S., 1980's Edition, via Paul Theroff] indicate Hadwige's father as Heinrich, Margrave of the Northern Mark. PaterAlter circa 863 Hadwige=Hathui, Princess de Bavière/Henri, Duke d'austrasie (an unknown value). Married in 869: Otton, Dux de Saxe,, son of Liudolf, Dux de Saxe and Oda de Franconia, Princess d'austrasie. Died: on 24 Dec 903 (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.) Théodoric, Count 9 de Ringelheim (André Roux: Scrolls, 113.) (Stuart, Page 239, Line ). AKA: Dietrich II, Count de Saxe. Note -: Théodoric was Count of the Saxon Hamalant. Born: before 856, son of N. von Threkwitigau and Mathilda von Ittergau, Théodoric is presumed to have been at least 17 years old by the time his daughter,, Amalrada, was born. Married before 870: Reginhilde de Friesland,, daughter of Godefrid, King of Haithabu and Gisela N? Married in 882: Gisèle de Lorraine,, daughter of Lothaire=Lothar II, King de Lorraine and Waldrade d'alsace. Died: on 8 Feb Gisèle 9 de Lorraine (Ibid.). Married Name: de Ringelheim. Born: between 0863 and 0865, daughter of Lothaire=Lothar II, King de Lorraine and Waldrade d'alsace. Married in 882: Théodoric, Count de Ringelheim,, son of N. von Threkwitigau and Mathilda von Ittergau. Died: before 26 Oct Arnoul I, Count 9 de Flandre (Data from Encyclopedia entry.) (Stuart, Page 102, Line ). Also Known As: Arnold "The Great." AKA: Arnoul, Count d'artois. Also Known As: Arnoul "Le Vieux" (Abbott, Page 292.). Born: between 0885 and 0890, son of Baudouin II, Count de Flandre and Elstrude, Princess of England. Married before 905: N? N? (She was Arnoul's first wife). Married in 934 at France: Adèle=Alix de Vermandois,, daughter of Herbert II, Count de Vermandois and Hildebrante de Neustrie (Adèle was Arnoul's second wife. There was probably an element of calculation in Arnoul's marriage to Adèle as she was the daughter of Herbert de Vermandois, although Herbert may himself have thought of the marriage as opening up some possibilities for his family. This marriage confirms the alienation of Flanders from its English connection. When an English fleet ravaged the Flemish coast in 939 to aid Louis IV, Count Arnoul joined the rebels. Their son, Baudouin III died before his father, leaving an infant, Arnoul II as heir)

22 (Rosamond, Page 251.). Died: on 27 Mar Adèle=Alix 9 de Vermandois (André Roux: Scrolls, 112, 118.) (Stuart, Page 127, Line ). Married Name: Adélaïde de Flandre. Born: in 908, daughter of Herbert II, Count de Vermandois and Hildebrante de Neustrie. Married in 934 at France: Arnoul I, Count de Flandre,, son of Baudouin II, Count de Flandre and Elstrude, Princess of England (Adèle was Arnoul's second wife. There was probably an element of calculation in Arnoul's marriage to Adèle as she was the daughter of Herbert de Vermandois, although Herbert may himself have thought of the marriage as opening up some possibilities for his family. This marriage confirms the alienation of Flanders from its English connection. When an English fleet ravaged the Flemish coast in 939 to aid Louis IV, Count Arnoul joined the rebels. Their son, Baudouin III died before his father, leaving an infant, Arnoul II as heir) (Rosamond, Page 251.). Died: in Hermann, Duke 9 de Saxe (Stuart, Page 223, Line ). AKA: Hermann von Billung. Born: circa 905, son of Billung, Count de Saxe and Fréderunda N? Married before 939: Hildegarde von Westerburg. Died: on 27 Mar Hildegarde 9 von Westerburg (Ibid.). Married Name: de Saxe. Born: before 925 Hildegarde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son, Bernard, was born. Married before 939: Hermann, Duke de Saxe,, son of Billung, Count de Saxe and Fréderunda N? 324. Adelbert I, Count of 9 Italy (Stuart, Page 236, Line ) (Stuart, Page 235. ). AKA: Adalbert, Margrave d'ivrée. AKA: Adalbert, Count de Parma. Born: between 0880 and 0885 at Ivrea, Italy, son of Anchier II, Count d'orcheret and Gisèle N? Married before 900 at Italy: Gisèle, Princess of Italy,, daughter of Bérenger=Berengar I, King of Italy and Bertila de Spoleto (Gisèle was Adalbert's first wife). Married circa 915: Ermengarde de Toscane,, daughter of Adalbert II, Margrave de Toscane and Berthe, Princess de Lorraine (Ermengarde was Adelbert I's second wife). Died: between 0923 and Gisèle, Princess of 9 Italy (Stuart, Page 197, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, "9th/10th Centy.Kings" posted on 14 February 1994 at 19:56 Hours.). AKA: Gisèle de Friuli. Born: between 0880 and 0885 at Italy, daughter of Bérenger=Berengar I, King of Italy and Bertila de Spoleto. Married before 900 at Italy: Adelbert I, Count of Italy,, son of Anchier II, Count d'orcheret and Gisèle N? (Gisèle was Adalbert's first wife). Died: on 13 Jun 910 (Stuart, Page 197.) Boson, Marquis 9 de Toscane (André Roux: Scrolls, 128, 146.). AKA: Boson, Count d'arles (Stuart, Page 193, Line ). AKA: Boso, Margrave of Tuscany. AKA: Boson, Comte d'avignon (Abbott, Page 499.). Born: circa 885, son of Thibaud, Count de Bourgogne and Berthe, Princess de Lorraine. Married before 913: Willa de Bourgogne,, daughter of Rudolphe I, King de Bourgogne and Willa de Vienne. Occupation: between 0913 and 0936 Boson was Count from Died: between 0936 and Willa 9 de Bourgogne (André Roux: Scrolls, 128, 146.). Married Name: de Toscane. Married Name: d'arles. Born: between 0888 and 0899, daughter of Rudolphe I, King de Bourgogne and Willa de Vienne, Willa is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Berthe was born. Married before 913: Boson, Marquis de Toscane,, son of Thibaud, Count de Bourgogne and Berthe, Princess de Lorraine Richwin, Count 9 de Verdun (Stuart, Page 274, Line ; Page 247, Line ). Born: before 903, son of Rainier, Count de Verdun and N? N?, Richwin is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age when he died. Richwin was perhaps the son of Rainier. Married circa 920: Kunigonde de France,, daughter of N? N? and Ermentrude, Princess de France. Died: in Kunigonde 9 de France (Stuart, Page 247, Line ). Married Name: d'aachen. Married Name: de Verdun. Born: circa 890, daughter of N? N? and Ermentrude, Princess de France (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.). Married circa 908: Wigeric, Pfalzgrave d'aachen (Wigeric was Kunigonde's first husband). Married circa 920: Richwin, Count de Verdun,, son of Rainier, Count de Verdun and N? N? Died: after Éberhard IV, Count 9 d'alsace (Stuart, Page 20, Line 33-35; Page 150, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, "de Lorraine", 10 July 1995 at 13:24 Hours.) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.) (Ibid.). AKA: Éberhard IV, Count de Nordgau Éberhard IV was a Count in the Alsacian Nordgau. Born: circa 919, son of Hughes III, Count d'alsace and Hildegarde N?, Eberhard = Gerard's parentage is uncertain (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 16 May 1998 at 02:55 Hours.). MaterAlter: before 925 N? N?/Éberhard IV, Count d'alsace. Married in 935: Luitgard de Lorraine,, daughter of Wigeric, Pfalzgrave d'aachen and Kunigonde de France ( Died: on 18 Dec 972 Gary Murray's sources indicate Eberhard died 8 December 966. Michael Welch's sources indicate Eberhard IV died 14 December 972/973 (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Gary Murray [Prodigy ID# SJJA18A] under Subject "de Lorraine", 31 October 1997 at 14:29 Hours.) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 16 May 1998 at 02:55 Hours.) Luitgard 9 de Lorraine (Stuart, Page 115, Line ; Page 150, Line ) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.) (Ibid.). Married Name: d'alsace. Married Name: de Metz. Born: before 915, daughter of Wigeric, Pfalzgrave d'aachen and Kunigonde de France. Married before 933: Adalbert, Count de Metz,, son of Matfried, Count de Metz and Lantsind N? (Adalbert was Luitgard's first husband). Married in 935: Éberhard IV, Count d'alsace,, son of Hughes III, Count d'alsace and Hildegarde N? ( Died: in Eudes, Count 9 de Wetterau (André Roux: Scrolls.) (Stuart, Page 246, Line ). Born: circa 899, son of Gebhard, Count de Wetterau and N? N? (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.). Married before 918: N? de Vermandois,, daughter of Herbert I, Lord de Péronne and Béatrice de Morvois. Died: on 2 Dec N? 9 de Vermandois (André Roux: Scrolls.) (Stuart, Page 246, Line ) (Leana Randall, Prodigy Post, 22 July 1994 at 00:09 Hours.). Married Name: de Wetterau. Born: circa 882 at Saint-Quentin, Vermandois, Picardie, France, daughter of Herbert I, Lord de Péronne and Béatrice de Morvois.

23 Married before 918: Eudes, Count de Wetterau,, son of Gebhard, Count de Wetterau and N? N? Died: on 12 Dec Megingor, Count 9 von Avalgau (Stuart, Page 246, Line ). Born: before 929 Megingor was Count in 939 and is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age by that time. Married before 960: Gerberge N? 335. Gerberge 9 N? (, Personal Research. References.). Married Name: von Avalgau. Born: before 945 Gerberge is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Ermentrude was born. Married before 960: Megingor, Count von Avalgau. Died: circa 995. Robert I, King of the Francs Robert I, King 9 de France (André Roux: Scrolls, 79.) (Augé, Tome 1, Page 676.) (Stuart, Page 127, Line ) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page ). AKA: Robert, King de Neustrie. AKA: Robert I, Comte de Paris. AKA: Robert I, Comte de Poitiers. AKA: Robert I, Marquis d'orléans. Born: circa 865 at Angers, Anjou, France, son of Robert, Count de Blois and Adélaïde=Aélis de Tours, Robert was alive in the year 865. Married before 887: Adèle=Aénis N? Married in 890: Béatrice de Vermandois,, daughter of Herbert I, Lord de Péronne and Béatrice de Morvois (Béatrice was Robert's second wife). Note - between 0910 and 0923 at France: In 903, The Normands burned the famous Abbey de Saint-Martin in Tours. In 910, Rollon, the Dane Hrolf, attacks Paris but is pushed back by Robert and his forces. In 911, Rollon lays siege to Chartres, and the city is rescued by Robert with the help of the Bishop Gouteaume, who parades before the troops bearing the cloak of the Virgin Marry. The next day, Rollon is pushed back having lost 7,000 of his men. In 922, Robert plots against the King, Charles "Le Simple", and succeeds in rallying around him a number of malcontents. On 29 June 922, Robert is elected King by a faction of the Greats (assembly of nobles). Near Soissons, on 14 June 923, the two Kings fight and Robert is killed. Robert was King of Neustrie and the West Franks from 922 to 923. Died: on 14 Jun 923 at near Soissons, Aisne, Ile-de-France, France, Robert died at the Battle of Soissons while fighting against the troops of his foe King Charles "Le Simple" and his troops of Lorraine. His successor was an inlaw, Raoul, Duke de Bourgogne, Abbé de Saint-Germain-d'Auxerre Béatrice 9 de Vermandois (André Roux: Scrolls.) (Stuart, Page 194, Line ) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page 424.). Married Name: de Neustrie. Married Name: de France. Born: in 880 at Saint-Quentin, Vermandois, Picardie, France, daughter of Herbert I, Lord de Péronne and Béatrice de Morvois. Married in 890: Robert I, King de France,, son of Robert, Count de Blois and Adélaïde=Aélis de Tours (Béatrice was Robert's second wife). Died: between Apr 931 and Dec Henri I, Duke 9 de Saxe (André Roux: Scrolls, 79, 113.) (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 69, Line ) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page 407.). AKA: Henry I, King of Germany. AKA: Henry I, Emperor of the West. AKA: Henri "l'oiseleur." Born: in 876 at Saxe, Germany, son of Otton, Dux de Saxe and Hadwige=Hathui, Princess de Bavière. Married in 909 at Germany: Mathilde, Countess de Ringelheim,, daughter of Théodoric, Count de Ringelheim and Gisèle de Lorraine (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.). Note - between 0919 and 0936: Henri I became King of

24 Germany upon the death of Conrad I de Saxe in 919. He was King of Germany: , and founded the Saxon dynasty. King Conrad I designated Henri as his successor in 918 because Henri, as Duke of Saxony, was the only prince strong enough to give order to the East Frankish territories (Germany). Elected King by the Saxons and the Franconians, he quickly forced the duchies of Bavaria and Swabia to acknowledge him. In 925, he seized Lotharingie from the West Franks (France), and won the submission of Bohemia. He defeated the Magyar (933 at Riade), the Slavs and the Danes (934). Married before 936: Hatheburg N? Died: on 2 Jul 936 at Memleben, Saxe, Germany Mathilde, Countess 9 de Ringelheim (André Roux: Scrolls, 113.) (Stuart, Page 239, Line ). Married Name: de Saxe. Born: circa 894 at Memleben, Westphalia, daughter of Théodoric, Count de Ringelheim and Gisèle de Lorraine. Married in 909 at Germany: Henri I, Duke de Saxe,, son of Otton, Dux de Saxe and Hadwige=Hathui, Princess de Bavière (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.). Died: on 14 Mar 968 at Quedlinburg, Germany Ébalus 9 Manzer (Encyclopedia.) (Stuart, Page 119, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 07 June 1995 at 14:11 Hours.) (Internet, (Internet, (Internet, (Chronico Richardi Pictavensis, RHGF IX, p. 21.).). AKA: Ebles, Count d'auvergne Ebles was Comte d'auvergne (Abbott, Page 442.). Born Illeg.: either 0872 or 0890 at France -, son of Ranulf II, Comte de Poitou and Ermengarde N?, -. AKA: Ébles, Count de Poitou He succeeded his father in 890 as EBLE "Mancer" Comte de Poitou. His succession was opposed by Adémar, son of Comte Emenon. Comte Eble found refuge first with Géraud Seigneur d'aurillac, later with Guillaume "le Pieux" Comte d'auvergne, his uncles Josbert and Eble assuming the defence of his rights to Poitou until their deaths in late 892 (Abbott, Page 402.) (Internet, (Richard, Histoire des Comtes de, 94, Pages ). Married after 10 Oct 891: Aremburge N? (Aremburge was Ébalus' first wife). Note - between 0901 and 0904: Poitou was captured by the forces of Eudes King of France, who gave the county to his brother Robert although the latter was expelled by Comte Aimar[39]. Comte Eble expelled Comte Aimar in 902 and was restored as Comte de Poitou. He was recognised as Comte du Limousin in 904 (Richard, Histoire des Comtes de, 94, Pages ). Married before Feb 911: Émilienne N? AKA: Ebles, Duke d'aquitaine Acfred Duke of Aquitaine appointed Eble as his heir, the latter succeeding as Duke of Aquitaine and Comte d'auvergne in 927 (Abbott, Page 303.) (Richard, Histoire des Comtes de, 94, Pages 95.). Died: either 0932 or 0934 Raoul King of France transferred Aquitaine to Raymond Comte de Toulouse in 932. "Ebolus Pictavorum comes" donated "in pago Alninse, Ingolinis, in villa Verzeria" to St Cyprien, Poitiers by charter dated Jan 934 ("anno XI regnante Radulfo rege"). On the other hand, a charter dated 932 was confirmed by "Guillelmus comes post mortem patris sui" (Ibid., Page ) (Internet, [ Société des Archives Historiques du Poitou (1874) Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Cyprien de Poitiers, Archives historiques du Poitou Tome III (Poitiers) ("Poitiers Saint-Cyprien") 528, p. 318, and footnote 1 (continuation on p. 319).].) (Internet, [ Société des Archives Historiques du Poitou (1874) Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Cyprien de Poitiers, Archives historiques du Poitou Tome III (Poitiers) ("Poitiers Saint-Cyprien") 528, p. 318.].) Émilienne 9 N? (Stuart, Page 119, Line ). Married Name: Manzer. Born: before 900 Émilienne is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Guillaume III was born. Married before Feb 911: Ébalus Manzer,, son of Ranulf II, Comte de Poitou and Ermengarde N? 342. Rollon=Rolf, Duke 9 de Normandie (André Roux: Scrolls, 149.) (Stuart, Page 123, Line ) (Rosamond, Page 237.) (Stuart.). AKA: Robert, Duke de Normandie. Also Known As: Rolf "The Ganger." AKA: Rollon, Count de Rouen. Born: circa 870 at Maer, Norway, son of Rognvald Eysteinsson and Rognhild=Hildir Hrolfsdotter. Note - between 0877 and 0918 at Normandie, France: Rollon=Rollo=Ranger Rolf was the first Duke of Normandy. The Territory of Normandie given to Rollon by King Charles III "Le Simple" in 911. Up to that time Normandie was part of the ancient territory of Neustrie. He took Rouen in 877, and was made a Count in 911. He is believed to have been a Norwegian or a Dane. In 910, he attacked Paris but was pushed back. In 911, he laid siege to Chartres, but Robert, Comte de Paris and the Bishop Gouteaume were able to defend the city. Rollon loses 7,000 men and retreats to Normandie. Rollon received baptism from Francon, Archbishop of Rouen and the Frankish name Robert in 912. Robert, Comte de Paris is his Godfather. The charter of Charles "Le Simple" dated 14 March 918 assigns land to St. Germain-des-Prés from the Pagus of Mersean, except that territory within the pagus already ceded to the Northmen of the Seine, namely Rollo. Married before 889: N? N? (She was Rollon's first wife). Married in 891: Popa de Bayeux,, daughter of Bérenger, Count de Bayeux and N? de Rennes (Popa was Rollon's second wife). Married in 912: Gisèle, Princesse de France,, daughter of Charles III, King de France and Frédérune de Lotharingie (Gisèle was Rollon's third wife). Married either 0912 or 0918: Popa de Bayeux,, daughter of Bérenger, Count de Bayeux and N? de Rennes (Rollon married Popa for the second time in 912 or 918, after having repudiated her from his first marriage). Died: in 931 at Neustrie Rollon is buried in Rouen (Abbott, Page 219.) Popa 9 de Bayeux (Stuart, Page 124, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 07 June 1995 at 14:10 Hours.). AKA: Popa, Duchess of Norway. Married Name: de Normandie. Born: circa 872 at Bayeux, Neustrie, daughter of Bérenger, Count de Bayeux and N? de Rennes. Married in 891: Rollon=Rolf, Duke de Normandie,, son of Rognvald Eysteinsson and Rognhild=Hildir Hrolfsdotter (Popa was Rollon's second wife). Married either 0912 or 0918: Rollon=Rolf, Duke de Normandie,, son of Rognvald Eysteinsson and Rognhild=Hildir Hrolfsdotter (Rollon married Popa for the second time in 912 or 918, after having repudiated her from his first marriage) Robaud I, Count 9 d'arles (André Roux: Scrolls, 148.) (Stuart, Page 236, Line ). AKA: Rotbaude I, Seigneur d'angelca. AKA: Rotbald, Seigneur d'agel. AKA: Robaud I, Count de Provence (Abbott, Page 606.). Also Known As: Rotbold "l'ancient" (Ibid.). Born: before 899 at Forcalquier, Dauphiné, France, son of Hugues de Provence and N? N?, Robaud I is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Robaud II was born. Married before 914 at France: N? d'aquitaine,, daughter of Guillaume I, Duke d'aquitaine and Engelberge de Provence. Died: circa N? 9 d'aquitaine (Stuart, Page 236, Line ). Married Name: d'arles. Born: before 899, daughter of Guillaume I, Duke d'aquitaine and Engelberge de Provence, She is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Robaud II was born. Married before 914 at France: Robaud I, Count d'arles,, son of Hugues de Provence and N? N? 346. Charles Constantine, Count 9 de Vienne (André Roux: Scrolls, 194, 215.) (Paul Theroff, posts, "9th/10th Centy.Kings" posted on 14 February 1994 at 20:00 Hours.) (Stuart, Page 14, Line ). AKA: Charles, Count de Vienne. Born: circa 901, son of Louis III, King of Italy and Anna de l'orient. Married before 929: Teutberge=Thiberge de Troyes,, daughter of Garnier=Warinus, Count de Troyes and Teutberge d'arles. Significant-Other: Anteyer N? before Died: after Jan 962 Upon Charles Constantine's death, the County of Vienne went to Conrad, who by then already controlled the See

25 of Lyons Teutberge=Thiberge 9 de Troyes (André Roux: Scrolls, 194.) (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 14, Line ). Married Name: de Vienne. Born: before 914 at Troyes, Champagne, France, daughter of Garnier=Warinus, Count de Troyes and Teutberge d'arles, Teutberge is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Constance was born. Married before 929: Charles Constantine, Count de Vienne,, son of Louis III, King of Italy and Anna de l'orient. Died: after 960 at Troyes, Champagne, France (Stuart, Page 14.) Fouques I, Count 9 d'anjou (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.) (Keats- Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 265.). Also Known As: Fouques "Le Roux" (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 213.). Born: either 0870 or 0888 at Angers, Anjou, France, son of Ingelger, Count d'anjou and Adelinde=Adèle de Châtillon-sur- Indre. AKA: Fulk I, Vicomte d'angers. Married in 905 at France: Roscille de Loches,, daughter of Garnier = Warnar, Seigneur de Loches and Toscanda N? AKA: Foulques I, Comte de Nantes ( AKA: Foulques I, Vicomte d'anjou (Ibid.). Occupation: in 929 Fouques I was also the Vicomte d'angers and the first bonafide Count d'anjou in the year 929 (Abbott, Page 143.). AKA: Fulco, Comte d'angers Selfproclaimed Comte d'anjou, the titular Comte d'anjou at that time was Hughes I "Le Grand", Duc de France ( (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 213.). Died: in Roscille 9 de Loches (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ). Married Name: d'anjou. AKA: Roseille, Dame de Villenstras ( AKA: Roseille, Dame de La Haye (Ibid.). Born: in 874 at Loches, Indre-et-Loire, Touraine, France, daughter of Garnier = Warnar, Seigneur de Loches and Toscanda N? (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 225.) ( Married in 905 at France: Fouques I, Count d'anjou,, son of Ingelger, Count d'anjou and Adelinde=Adèle de Châtillon-sur-Indre. Died: after 929 (Keats- Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 265.) Gausfred I, Vicomte 9 d'orléans (Stuart, Page 37, Line ) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 232, 233, 244.) (Stuart.). AKA: Geoffrey I, Comte de Gâtinais (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 1., Citing NEHGR 99:34-37.). Born: circa 890 at France, son of Albéric, Dux d'orléans and N? N?, Geoffroy witnessed the charter of Hugh The Great of France in 939 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 244.). Married before 911: Aba, Dame d'arverne,, daughter of Hector d'arverne and Hava, Abbess d'aquitaine. AKA: Gausfred, Comte de Nevers (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 244.). AKA: Geoffrey, Count de Gâtinais The Pays of Gâtinais formed part of Bourgogne and later Neustrie. The County was formed in 933 and was in the hands of Geoffrey (Abbott, Page 39.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 241.). Died: after 942 at France Geoffroy=Gausfred is cited in charters in 935 and 941 and was alive in the year 942. Geoffroy was the first documented Comte du Gâtinais. The Gâtinais formed a Carolingian Pagus. Later, the pays was divided between two governments, the Ile de France and the Orléanais. Abbott claims Geoffroy's daugher married Ingelger, founder of the House of Anjou, but too many sources disagree (Abbott, Page 103.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 233.) Aba, Dame 9 d'arverne (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 247.) (Ibid.) (Ibid.). Born: before 892, daughter of Hector d'arverne and Hava, Abbess d'aquitaine. Married before 911: Gausfred I, Vicomte d'orléans,, son of Albéric, Dux d'orléans and N? N? 360. Lothar, Count 9 von Stade (Stuart, Page 9, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 6 July 18:40 Hours.). Born: before 860 Lothar is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age when he died. Married before 880: Oda de Saxe,, daughter of Liudolf, Dux de Saxe and Oda de Franconia, Princess d'austrasie. Died: on 2 Feb 880 at Ebsdorf, Germany, Lothar was slain in battle Oda 9 de Saxe (Stuart, Page 215, Line ). Married Name: von Stade. Born: before 865, daughter of Liudolf, Dux de Saxe and Oda de Franconia, Princess d'austrasie, Oda is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Lothar I was born. Died: after 874. Married before 880: Lothar, Count von Stade Luitpold, Margrave 9 de Bavière (Stuart, Page 197, Line ). AKA: Luitpold, Margrave de Carinthie. Note -: Luitpold was a kinsman of the Emperor Arnulf, and was Margrave of the Bavarian Ostmark. Born: before 880 Luitpold is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his son Arnulf was born. Married before 897: Kunigonde de Souabe,, daughter of Berthold, Pfalzgrave de Souabe and N? N? Died: on 4 Apr 907 at Pressburg Luitpold was slain Kunigonde 9 de Souabe (Ibid.). Married Name: de Bavière. Born: before 883, daughter of Berthold, Pfalzgrave de Souabe and N? N?, Kunigonde is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age when her husband Luitpold died. Married before 897: Luitpold, Margrave de Bavière Eberhard, Count 9 von Sulichgau (Stuart, Page 198, Line ). AKA: Eberhard, Comte von Sülichgau ( Born: before 873, son of Hunroch=Unrouch II, Margrave de Friuli and Ava N?, Eberhard is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Judith was born. Married before 888: N? N? 371. N? 9 N? Married before 888: Eberhard, Count von Sulichgau,, son of Hunroch=Unrouch II, Margrave de Friuli and Ava N? 372. Lothar I, Count 9 von Walbeck (Stuart, Page 9, Line ). Born: before 880, son of Lothar, Count von Stade and Oda de Saxe. Married before 929: N? N? Died: on 5 Sep 929 at Lenzen Lothar I was slain in conflict with the Wends.

26 373. N? 9 N? Married before 929: Lothar I, Count von Walbeck,, son of Lothar, Count von Stade and Oda de Saxe Bruno, Count 9 von Arneburg (Stuart, Page 198, Line ). AKA: Bruno, Count de Querfort. Born: before 912, son of Bruno I, Count d'iverfort and N? N?, Bruno is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his daughter Matilda was born. Married before 929: N. von Harzgau. Died: on 19 Oct N. 9 von Harzgau (Ibid.). Married Name: von Arneburg. Born: before 915 She is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Matilda was born. Married before 929: Bruno, Count von Arneburg,, son of Bruno I, Count d'iverfort and N? N? 376. Poppo III, Count 9 von Grabfeld (Stuart, Page 78, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 22 May 1994 at 22:25 Hours.). AKA: Poppo, Count von Nordgau. Born: before 906 at Bavaria, son of Poppo II, Margrave of Sorbenmark and N? N?, Poppo III was alive in the year 906. Married before 943: N? N? Died: in N? 9 N? Married before 943: Poppo III, Count von Grabfeld,, son of Poppo II, Margrave of Sorbenmark and N? N? 388. Gauzfrid, Vicomte 9 de Chartres (Abbott, Page 95.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 262.). AKA: Gauzfrid, Vicomte de Châteaudun (Abbott, Page 95.). Born: before 910 at France (Ibid.). Married before 929: N? N? Died: after 939 (Ibid.) N? 9 N? Married before 929: Gauzfrid, Vicomte de Chartres Albéric=Aubri, Sire 9 de Salins (André Roux: Scrolls, 171.) (Stuart, Page 77, Line ) (Abbott, Pages ) (Stuart, Page 77.) (Stuart.). AKA: Albéric, Sire de Breçon. AKA: Albéric I, Vicomte de Narbonne (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Quatrième (Volume 4), MDCCCXXXIV (1834), De Villeneuve, Page 6.). AKA: Aubri, Count de Mâcon (Abbott, Pages 212, 393, 517.). Born: before 851, son of Mayeul, Vicomte de Narbonne and Raymonde=Raimodis N?, Albéric is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his son Liétaud II was born. Married before 868: Attellanne, Vicomtesse de Mâcon,, daughter of Ranulf, Vicomte de Mâcon and N? N? Note - on 15 Jun 911: Walchair and his brother Albéric had jointly ceded to Arnuste, Archbishop de Narbonne, and parcel of lande in Bisan, on which two churches were built. According to the charter dated 17 calendes of July, the Archbishop donated these two churches to the Church de Saint-Paul de Narbonne. This charter establishes the filiation (paternity) of Albéric and Walchaire to Maïeul. Died: in 949 Abbott's data indicate that Aubri died in 949, but Perro's sources indicate it was between 28 February and 20 September 943 (Abbott, Page 518.) (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 1., Citing NEHGR 99:34-37.) Attellanne, Vicomtesse 9 de Mâcon (André Roux: Scrolls, 171.) (Stuart, Page 142, Line ). Married Name: de Salins. Born: before 854, daughter of Ranulf, Vicomte de Mâcon and N? N?, Attellanne is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Liétaud was born. Married before 868: Albéric=Aubri, Sire de Salins,, son of Mayeul, Vicomte de Narbonne and Raymonde=Raimodis N? 394. Manasses, Comte 9 de Bourgogne (André Roux: Scrolls.). AKA: Manasses, Count d'autun. Born: before 866 at France, son of Théodoric, Count d'autun and N? de Metz, Manasses is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his son Gilbert was born. Married before 883: Ermengarde N? 395. Ermengarde 9 N? (Ibid.). Married Name: de Bourgogne. Born: before 869 at France Ermengarde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter, Ermengarde was born. Married before 883: Manasses, Comte de Bourgogne,, son of Théodoric, Count d'autun and N? de Metz. Died: on 12 Apr Achard 9 de La Ferté-sur-Aube (Stuart, Page 81, Line ). AKA: Achard de Roucy. Born: before 901 at Bourgogne, France, son of Regenald de Roucy and N? N?, Archard was alive in the year 901. Married before 926: Acharda de Bar-sur-Aube. Died: circa Acharda 9 de Bar-sur-Aube (Ibid.). Married Name: de La Ferté-sur-Aube. Note -: Acharda was the heiress of Bar-sur-Aube, and a descendent of the counts Gui and Fulk de Bar-sur-Aube at the end of the 9th. Century. Born: before 911 at France Acharda is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Renaud was born. Married before 926: Achard de La Ferté-sur-Aube,, son of Regenald de Roucy and N? N? 398. Gilbert, Count 9 de Brabant (André Roux: Scrolls, 113, 191, 193.) (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 154, Line ). AKA: Gilbert, Duke de Luxembourg. AKA: Gilbert, Duke de Lotharingie. AKA: Gilbert, Count de Hainaut. AKA: Giselbert, Duke de Lorraine. Note -: Gilbert was the Duke of Luxembourg as well as of Lotharingie, and Count of Hainaut (Brabant). He was also the Lay Abbott of Echternach. Born: circa 890 at Belgium, son of Rainier I, Count de Hainaut and Albérade, Duchesse de Lorraine. Married in 928: Gerberge de Saxe,, daughter of Henri I, Duke de Saxe and Mathilde, Countess de Ringelheim (Gilbert was Gerberge's first husband). Died: on 2 Oct 939 at Echternacht, Luxembourg Gerberge 9 de Saxe (André Roux: Scrolls, 113, 191.) (Stuart, Page 70, Line ). Married Name: de France. Married Name: de Brabant. Born: between 0913 and 0914 at Nordhausen, Saxony, daughter of Henri I, Duke de Saxe and Mathilde, Countess de Ringelheim. Married in 928: Gilbert, Count de Brabant,, son of Rainier I, Count de Hainaut and Albérade, Duchesse de Lorraine (Gilbert was Gerberge's first husband). Married in 940: Louis IV, King de France,, son of Charles III, King de France and Eadgifu=Ogive=Hadwige, Princess of England (Louis IV was Gerberge's second husband). Died: on 5 May 984 at Reims, Champagne, France (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.) Fouques I, Count 9 d'anjou (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.) (Keats- Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 265.). Also Known As: Fouques "Le Roux" (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 213.). Born: either 0870 or 0888 at Angers, Anjou, France, son of Ingelger, Count d'anjou and Adelinde=Adèle de Châtillon-sur- Indre. AKA: Fulk I, Vicomte d'angers. Married in 905 at France: Roscille de Loches,, daughter of Garnier = Warnar, Seigneur de Loches and Toscanda N? AKA: Foulques I, Comte de Nantes ( AKA: Foulques I, Vicomte d'anjou (Ibid.). Occupation: in 929 Fouques I was also the Vicomte d'angers and the first bonafide Count d'anjou in the year 929 (Abbott, Page 143.). AKA: Fulco, Comte d'angers Self-

27 proclaimed Comte d'anjou, the titular Comte d'anjou at that time was Hughes I "Le Grand", Duc de France ( (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 213.). Died: in Roscille 9 de Loches (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ). Married Name: d'anjou. AKA: Roseille, Dame de Villenstras ( AKA: Roseille, Dame de La Haye (Ibid.). Born: in 874 at Loches, Indre-et-Loire, Touraine, France, daughter of Garnier = Warnar, Seigneur de Loches and Toscanda N? (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 225.) ( Married in 905 at France: Fouques I, Count d'anjou,, son of Ingelger, Count d'anjou and Adelinde=Adèle de Châtillon-sur-Indre. Died: after 929 (Keats- Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 265.) Gausfred I, Vicomte 9 d'orléans (Stuart, Page 37, Line ) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 232, 233, 244.) (Stuart.). AKA: Geoffrey I, Comte de Gâtinais (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 1., Citing NEHGR 99:34-37.). Born: circa 890 at France, son of Albéric, Dux d'orléans and N? N?, Geoffroy witnessed the charter of Hugh The Great of France in 939 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 244.). Married before 911: Aba, Dame d'arverne,, daughter of Hector d'arverne and Hava, Abbess d'aquitaine. AKA: Gausfred, Comte de Nevers (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 244.). AKA: Geoffrey, Count de Gâtinais The Pays of Gâtinais formed part of Bourgogne and later Neustrie. The County was formed in 933 and was in the hands of Geoffrey (Abbott, Page 39.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 241.). Died: after 942 at France Geoffroy=Gausfred is cited in charters in 935 and 941 and was alive in the year 942. Geoffroy was the first documented Comte du Gâtinais. The Gâtinais formed a Carolingian Pagus. Later, the pays was divided between two governments, the Ile de France and the Orléanais. Abbott claims Geoffroy's daugher married Ingelger, founder of the House of Anjou, but too many sources disagree (Abbott, Page 103.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 233.) Aba, Dame 9 d'arverne (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 247.) (Ibid.) (Ibid.). Born: before 892, daughter of Hector d'arverne and Hava, Abbess d'aquitaine. Married before 911: Gausfred I, Vicomte d'orléans,, son of Albéric, Dux d'orléans and N? N? 404. Herbert II, Count 9 de Vermandois (André Roux: Scrolls, 112, 192, 255.) (Rosamond.) (Stuart, Page 168, Line ). AKA: Herbert II, Count de Soissons. AKA: Herbert II de Coucy Coucy-le-Château-Auffrique formed part of the patrimony of the Abbey de Saint Rémi, itself annexed to the episcopal domain. After securing Vitry, Herbert II, Master of the Rémois, gave Coucy to the Châtelain de Vitry in order to reward him for his treachery towards Boson. Thibaut "Le Tricheur", Herbert II's son-in-law, claimed Coucy as against Rheims, and held the place from 956 to 958 (Abbott, Page 36.). AKA: Herbert, Comte de Madrie Herbert held Madrie in 918. The county was dismembered in 934 following the creation of Normandie (Abbott, Page 236.). AKA: Herbert II, Count de Troyes. AKA: Herbert II, Count de Meaux. Born: circa 884, son of Herbert I, Lord de Péronne and Béatrice de Morvois, The birth year is somewhat questionable and ranges from 884 to 893 depending on the source. Married before 907: Hildebrante de Neustrie,, daughter of Robert I, King de France and Adèle=Aénis N? (Herbert II was Hildebrante's second husband and she was his first wife. The marriage brought to Herbert II the County of Meaux, Multien and the Omois) (Abbott, Pages 60.). Died: on 23 Feb 943 at Saint-Quentin, Aisne, Picardie, France Hildebrante 9 de Neustrie (André Roux: Scrolls, 79, 112.) (Stuart, Page 127, Line ). AKA: Adèle, Princess de France. Married Name: Liégarde de Vermandois. Married Name: de Blois. Born: circa 887, daughter of Robert I, King de France and Adèle=Aénis N? Married before 907: Herbert II, Count de Vermandois,, son of Herbert I, Lord de Péronne and Béatrice de Morvois (Herbert II was Hildebrante's second husband and she was his first wife. The marriage brought to Herbert II the County of Meaux, Multien and the Omois) (Abbott, Pages 60.). Married in 942: Thibaut, Count de Blois,, son of Thibaud, Vicomte de Troyes and Richilde de Bourges (Thibaut II was Hildebrante's second husband). Died: circa Gilbert, Duke 9 de Bourgogne (André Roux: Scrolls, 112, 194.). AKA: Gilbert, Count de Dijon. AKA: Gilbert, Count de Vergy. AKA: Gilbert, Count de Chalon (Abbott, Page 207.). AKA: Gilbert, Count de Bourgogne (Encyclopedia.). Note -: Gilbert was also the Count of Dijon, Vergy and of Chalon, France. Born: before 904 at France, son of Manasses, Comte de Bourgogne and Ermengarde N?, Gilbert is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his daughter Adélaïde was born. Married before 921 at France: Ermengarde d'autun,, daughter of Richard, Comte d'autun and Adélaïde d'auxerre. Died: on 16 Apr Ermengarde 9 d'autun (André Roux: Scrolls, 112, 194.). AKA: Ermengarde, Duchesse de Bourgogne (Abbott, Page 198.). Born: before 907 at France, daughter of Richard, Comte d'autun and Adélaïde d'auxerre, Ermengarde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Adélaïs was born. André Roux shows Ermengarde as the daughter of Richard by Adélaïde d'auxerre, but Abbott claims she was the daughter of Richard's son, Hughes "Le Noir." PaterAlter before 907 Ermengarde d'autun/hugues, Duke de Bourgogne (an unknown value) (Ibid.). Married before 921 at France: Gilbert, Duke de Bourgogne,, son of Manasses, Comte de Bourgogne and Ermengarde N? Died: in Isaac, Count 9 de Combray (Stuart, Page 273, Line ) (André Roux: Scrolls, 168.). AKA: Isaac, Count de Cambrai. Born: circa 886, son of Raoul, Comte de Combray and N? de Hainaut, Isaac was Count in the year 916 (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., posted by Thomas McPartlin [Prodigy ID# RRYW67A] under Subject "Vermandois", 11 April 1996 at 19:59 Hours.). Married before 909: Albérade de Flandre,, daughter of Ralph de Flandre and N? N? PaterAlter before 910 Isaac, Count de Combray/Raoul de Gouy (an unknown value) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., posted by Thomas McPartlin [Prodigy ID# RRYW67A] under Subject "Vermandois", 11 April 1996 at 20:00 Hours.). Died: after 30 Apr Albérade 9 de Flandre (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., posted by Thomas McPartlin [Prodigy ID# RRYW67A] under Subject "Vermandois", 11 April 1996 at 19:59 Hours.). Married Name: de Combray. Born: before 895, daughter of Ralph de Flandre and N? N?, Albérade is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son, Jean, was born. Married before 909: Isaac, Count de Combray,, son of Raoul, Comte de Combray and N? de Hainaut. MaterAlter: before 910 Raoul de Gouy/Albérade de Flandre (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., posted by Thomas McPartlin [Prodigy ID# RRYW67A] under Subject "Vermandois", 11 April 1996 at 20:00 Hours.). Died: after 921.

28 432. Guillaume I, Duke 9 de Normandie (Rosamond, Page 238.) (Stuart, Page 124, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 08 June 1995 at 18:26 Hours.). AKA: Guillaume, Comte du Maine King Raoul gave Maine to Guillaume I in 923, but the normans lost it after 20 years (Abbott, Page 130.). Also Known As: Guillaume "Longue Épée" (Abbott, Page 219.). Born: circa 900 at Normandie, France, son of Rollon=Rolf, Duke de Normandie and Popa de Bayeux. Married circa 930: Sprote de Bretagne,, daughter of Hubert, Comte de Senlis and N? N? (Sprote was a Breton concubine "Danish Wife" and also first wife of William Longsword). Note - between 0933 and 0942: While married to the daughter of Herbert of Vermandois, Guillaume I's children were born of the Breton concubine. William had supported King Louis IV and attempted to establish his protection over Brittany (Bretagne), gaining at least the Contentin and Avranchin in 933. When, in 942, William was murdered at the instigation of Arnoul, Count of Flanders, his son Richard, still a minor, succeeded him. Married in 940 at France: Leutgarde de Vermandois,, daughter of Herbert II, Count de Vermandois and Hildebrante de Neustrie. Died: on 17 Dec 943 at France Guillaume I was assassinated Sprote 9 de Bretagne (Rosamond, Page 238.) (Stuart, Page 124, Line ) (André Roux: Scrolls.). Married Name: de Normandie. Born: circa 911 at Bretagne, France, daughter of Hubert, Comte de Senlis and N? N? Married circa 930: Guillaume I, Duke de Normandie,, son of Rollon=Rolf, Duke de Normandie and Popa de Bayeux (Sprote was a Breton concubine "Danish Wife" and also first wife of William Longsword). Married in 943: Néel I de Saint-Sauveur,, son of Richard de Saint-Sauveur and N? N? ( 9 December 2008.). Married Name: de Saint-Sauveur (Ibid.). Married Name: de Bayeux. Married in 944: Asperling de Bayeux. Died: in 945. Coat of Arms worn by Herbast de Crépon Herbastus, Chevalier 9 de Crépon (Stuart, Page 237.) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., David Dowell posting on the Genealogy BB of the Prodigy Interactive Personal Service under Subject "Antrobus" on 7 January 1996 at 22:23 Hours.) (M. de La Chenaye-des-Bois, Dictionnaire de La Noblesse, Tome V (Volume 5), MDCCLXXII (1772), Page 306.). Occupation: Herbastus was the Forrester of Arques. Born: circa 911 at Normandie, France. Married before 936 at France: Cyrid N? 435. Cyrid 9 N? (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., David Dowell posting on the Genealogy BB of the Prodigy Interactive Personal Service under Subject "Antrobus" on 7 January 1996 at 22:23 Hours.). Born: circa 922. Married before 936 at France: Herbastus, Chevalier de Crépon.

29 440. Sunier, Count 9 de Barcelone (André Roux: Scrolls, 86.) (Stuart, Page 38, Line ). AKA: Sunier, Count de Gerona. AKA: Sunier, Count de Besalu. Born: between 0879 and 0887, son of Wilfred I, Count d'urgel and Gunidilde=Winilde de Flandre. AKA: Suniaire I, Comte d'ausone ( Married circa 914: Aimilda N? (Aimilda was Sunier's first wife). Married in 925: Richilde de Rouergue,, daughter of Ermengaud, Count de Rouergue and Adélaïs=Alaïs de Toulouse (Paul Theroff, posts, 17 July 1994 at 19:02 Hours.). AKA: Sunier, Count d'urgel ( Died: on 15 Oct Richilde 9 de Rouergue (André Roux: Scrolls, 86.) (Stuart, Page 38, Line ). Married Name: Adélaïs de Barcelone. AKA: de Toulouse. Born: before 910 at France, daughter of Ermengaud, Count de Rouergue and Adélaïs=Alaïs de Toulouse, Richilde is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Sunier. Married in 925: Sunier, Count de Barcelone,, son of Wilfred I, Count d'urgel and Gunidilde=Winilde de Flandre (Paul Theroff, posts, 17 July 1994 at 19:02 Hours.). Died: on 13 Dec 954 at Spain Raymond III, Count 9 de Toulouse (André Roux: Scrolls, 85, 146.) (Stuart, Page 232, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 2 May 1994 at 14:37 Hours.). AKA: Raymond III Pons, Count d'albi. AKA: Raymond, Seigneur de Quercy He was also the suzerain lord of the counties of Carcassonne, Albigeois, Rouergue and Quercy (Internet, AKA: Raymond, Seigneur de Rouergue He was also the suzerain lord of the counties of Carcassonne, Albigeois, Rouergue and Quercy (Ibid.). AKA: Raymond, Seigneur de Carcassonne He was also the suzerain lord of the counties of Carcassonne, Albigeois, Rouergue and Quercy (Ibid.). Born: circa 900 at Languedoc, France, son of Raimond II, Count de Toulouse and Gunhilde d'urgel (Ibid.). AKA: Pons I, Count de Toulouse He succeeded his father (in 923) as RAYMOND PONS Comte de Toulouse (Ibid.). Note - between 0923 and 0950: Raymond III Pons Count of Toulouse, Languedoc, France: , was also the Duke of Aquitaine, and Marquis of Gothie (Augé.). Married before 925: Berthe de Toscane,, daughter of Boson, Marquis de Toscane and Willa de Bourgogne (Berthe was Raimond III's second wife, and he was her first husband). Married before 928: Garsinde de Gascogne,, daughter of Garcia Sanchez, Count de Gascogne and Aminiana de Périgord. AKA: Pons I, Count d'auvergne (Richard, Histoire des Comtes de, 94, Tome I, Page 99.). AKA: Raymond III, Marquis de Gothie (Ibid.). AKA: Raymond III, Duke d'aquitaine He swore homage in 932 to Raoul de Bourgogne King of France, who rewarded him by appointing him Duke of Aquitaine, Comte d'auvergne and with the territory of the Marquisate of Gothie. He is recorded with the title "Duke of Aquitaine" in the foundation act of the monastery of Chanteuges in 936 and in another act in the same year, indicating that he challenged the authority of Guillaume III Tête d Etoupes Duke of Aquitaine (Ibid.) (C. Settipani, La Noblesse du Midi Carolingien. Etudes sur quelques grandes familles d'aquitaine et du Languedoc du IXe au XIe siècles. in no series (Oxford: (Prosopographica et Genealogica, 2004), Page 52.). PaterAlter before 936 Raymond III, Count de Toulouse/Guillaume III, Count de Toulouse (an unknown value). Buried: circa 944 at Saint- Pons-de-Thomières, Hérault, Languedoc-Roussillion, France. Died: circa 944 (Internet, Garsinde 9 de Gascogne (Stuart, Page 232, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 2 May 1994 at 14:37 Hours.) ( Married Name: de Toulouse. Born: before 918, daughter of Garcia Sanchez, Count de Gascogne and Aminiana de Périgord, Garsinde is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Raymond III Pons. Married before 928: Raymond III, Count de Toulouse,, son of Raimond II, Count de Toulouse and Gunhilde d'urgel. MaterAlter: circa 947 Guillaume III, Count de Toulouse/Garsinde de Gascogne Arnold I, Comte 9 de Comminges (Stuart, Page 209, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, "de Foix" posted on 21 March 1995 at 02:08 Hours.). AKA: Arnaud, Count de Consérans. Born: before 910 at France, son of Aznar, Count de Consérans and N? N?, Arnold I is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when he married Arsende. Two brothers, whose origin is unknown. Settipani[Settipani (2004), p. 67. ] highlights that the hypothesis that the father of Arnaud and Roger was named "A(z)nar" depends on the co-identity of "Raymundus germani mei Ludovicus, Ademarus, Garsia, Amelius, filii Enardi filii Aneri ", who granted property to the abbey of Auch by charter dated [998][Cartulaire noir de Sainte-Marie d'auch, ed. Cyprien Lacave Laplagne Barris, Archives historiques de la Gascogne, III (Auch, 1899), no. 47, quoted in Settipani (2004), p. 67 footnote 2. ], with "Raymond" son of Arnaud de Comminges. However, these supposed brothers of Raymond are not referred to in any other documents so far identified which name the sons of Arnaud de Comminges. Married in 940: Arsende, Countess de Carcassonne,, daughter of Acfred I, Duke d'aquitaine and N? N? Occupation: in 945 Arnold I was Count of a part of Comminges in the year 945. Note - in 949: "Arnaldus et uxor mea Arsindis, et Rodgarius et Odo filiis nostris" granted property to the abbey of Montolieu, near Carcassonne for the souls of " et Rodgario fratre meo" by charter dated 949. Died: circa Arsende, Countess 9 de Carcassonne (Stuart, Page 209, Line ) (Abbott, Page 379.). Married Name: de Comminges. AKA: Arsinde, Comtesse de Razès (Abbott, Page 396.). Born: before 927 at France, daughter of Acfred I, Duke d'aquitaine and N? N?, According to Europäische Stammtafeln, Arsinde was the daughter of Acfred Duke of Aquitaine, Comte d'auvergne, first cousin of Acfred [II] Comte de Carcassonne. Settipani

30 highlights that the obvious way of explaining the transmission of the county of Carcassonne to the family of the Comtes de Comminges is that she was Arsinde de Carcassonne, daughter of Acfred Comte de Carcassonne et de Razès Seigneur de Foix & his wife. However, the chronology is not ideal. As explained below (Part B), it is likely that her son Roger [I] Comte de Carcassonne was born in the later part of the date range [930/40]. If this is correct, it is likely that Arsinde married in [925/35] which would place her own birth in the range [905/20]. Another difficulty is that there is no indication who held the county of Carcassonne between the death of Comte Acfred [II] in [933] and the time when Arsinde's son Roger was comte, the date of which is uncertain but is unlikely to precede the 950s at the earliest. In particular, no proof has yet been found that the county was inherited by Arsinde's husband, which would have been normal if his wife had been the heiress of Carcassonne. According to Europäische Stammtafeln, Arsinde was the daughter of Acfred Duke of Aquitaine. The primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. It is assumed that it is also speculative based on onomastics. A third possibility is proposed by Stasser, who suggests that she was the sister of Raymond [I] Comte de Rouergue, on the grounds that it is better supported from the onomastic point of view. "Arsindis comitissa cum filiis suis Odo et Raimundo" are named in a charter dated 957, which suggests that her husband had died before that date. PaterAlter before 927 Arsende, Countess de Carcassonne/Acfred II, Comte de Carcassonne (an unknown value). Married in 940: Arnold I, Comte de Comminges,, son of Aznar, Count de Consérans and N? N? Died: after 969 Arsende was alive in the year Hughes II, Count 9 du Maine (Stuart, Page 249, Line ) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Page 191.). Born: circa 906 at Maine, France, son of Hughes I, Count du Maine and N? du Maine, Hughes II was alive in the year 939. Married before 920: N? de Vermandois. Note - in 967: Hughes Capet and Hughes II subscribed to a sale by Gérard de Buzençais to the monks of Saint-Julien de Tours of an allod at Tais 9in Chemillé, Indreet-Loire), in 967. This is the last known attestation of Hugh II for the Dux Francorum Hugh Capet, though Hugh II continued to work with Geoffroi d'anjou and Thibaud de Blois until around 976, at which the the relationship between Anjou and Blois broke down irretrievably (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Page 197.). Died: circa N? 9 de Vermandois. Born: circa 905. Married before 920: Hughes II, Count du Maine,, son of Hughes I, Count du Maine and N? du Maine. Married Name: du Maine Humbert=Oberto I, Count 9 de Genoa (Stuart, Page 71, Line ). AKA: Humbert, Count de Tortone. AKA: Humbert, Marquis of Italy. AKA: Humbert, Marquis d'este. Born: before 955 at Italy, son of Alberto=Azzo, Count de Lucca and Guilla de Spoleto, Humbert is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Alberto Azzo I was born. Married before 970: Railinda de Como,, daughter of Wiprand, Count de Como and N? N? Died: between 1014 and Railinda 9 de Como (Ibid.). Married Name: de Genoa. Born: before 955 at Italy, daughter of Wiprand, Count de Como and N? N?, Railinda is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Alberto Azzo I was born. Married before 970: Humbert=Oberto I, Count de Genoa,, son of Alberto=Azzo, Count de Lucca and Guilla de Spoleto Hughes III, Count 9 du Maine (André Roux: Scrolls, 241.) (Stuart, Page 249, Line ) (Abbott, Page 130.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Page 192.). Born: circa 932 at France, son of Hughes II, Count du Maine and N? de Vermandois, Hughes III was alive in the year 967. Married before 977: N? de Guiscard. Died: between 1015 and 1016 Hugh III was allied with Odon II of Blois against Richard of Normandy shortly before his death in 1015 or 1016 (Ibid.) N? 9 de Guiscard. Born: circa 942. Married before 977: Hughes III, Count du Maine,, son of Hughes II, Count du Maine and N? de Vermandois. Married Name: du Maine Fulcoin=Foulques 9 de Creil (André Roux: Scrolls, 53.). Born: before 925 at Normandie, France. Married before 935 at France: Rhotaïs N? Died: before 940 at Normandie, France Rhotaïs 9 N? (Ibid.). Married Name: de Bellême. Died: at France. Born: before 930 at France. Married before 935 at France: Fulcoin=Foulques de Creil Hildouin, Count 9 de Montreuil (André Roux: Scrolls, 54.). AKA: Hilduin III, Comte de Ponthieu (Abbott, Page 126.). Born: before 941, son of Guillaume, Count de Montreuil and Maud N? Married before 943: Hersende de Ramerupt,, daughter of Herbert II, Count de Vermandois and Hildebrante de Neustrie. Died: after 984 at France Hildouin was alive in the year Hersende 9 de Ramerupt. Born: circa 928, daughter of Herbert II, Count de Vermandois and Hildebrante de Neustrie. Married before 943: Hildouin, Count de Montreuil,, son of Guillaume, Count de Montreuil and Maud N? Married Name: de Montreuil th Generation Matfried, Count 10 de Metz (Stuart, Page 115, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, "de Lorraine", 10 July 1995 at 13:24 Hours.). Born: before 889, son of Gebhard, Count von Nieder-Lhangau and N? N?, Matfried is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age by the time his son, Bernwin, was born. Married before 908: Lantsind N? Died: in Lantsind 10 N? (Stuart, Page 115, Line ). Married Name: de Metz. Born: before 894 Lantsind is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Bernwin was born. Married before 908: Matfried, Count de Metz,, son of Gebhard, Count von Nieder-Lhangau and N? N? 514. Wigeric, Pfalzgrave 10 d'aachen (Stuart, Page 227, Line ; Page 79, Line ). AKA: Wigeric, Pfalzgrave de Thier. AKA: Wigeric, Count d'ardenne. AKA: Wigéric, Count von Triesgau. Born: in 886 ( Married circa 908: Kunigonde de France,, daughter of N?

31 N? and Ermentrude, Princess de France (Wigeric was Kunigonde's first husband). Died: circa 916 (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.) Kunigonde 10 de France (Stuart, Page 247, Line ). Married Name: d'aachen. Married Name: de Verdun. Born: circa 890, daughter of N? N? and Ermentrude, Princess de France (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.). Married circa 908: Wigeric, Pfalzgrave d'aachen (Wigeric was Kunigonde's first husband). Married circa 920: Richwin, Count de Verdun,, son of Rainier, Count de Verdun and N? N? Died: after Gilbert II, Count 10 de Lotharingie (Stuart, Page 153, Line ). AKA: Giselbert, Count de Darnau. AKA: Gilbert II, Count de Maasgau. Born: before 836, son of Giselbert I, Count de Maasgau and N? d'hesbaye, Gilbert II is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when he married Ermengarde. Married in 846: Ermengarde, Duchesse de Lorraine,, daughter of Lothaire I, Emperor of the West and Ermengarde de Tours Ermengarde, Duchesse 10 de Lorraine (André Roux: Scrolls, 115, 191.) (Stuart, Page 216, Line ). AKA: Ermengarde, Princess of Italy. AKA: Ermengarde de Bourgogne. Married Name: de Hainaut. Married Name: de Lotharingie. Born: before 836 at Italy, daughter of Lothaire I, Emperor of the West and Ermengarde de Tours, Ermengarde is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Gilbert II. Married in 846: Gilbert II, Count de Lotharingie,, son of Giselbert I, Count de Maasgau and N? d'hesbaye Charles II, King 10 de France (André Roux: Scrolls, 191.) (Stuart, Page 130, Line ) (Rosamond, Page 180.) (Augé.) (Castelot, Tome 1, Pages 369, 387.). AKA: Charles II, Emperor of the West. AKA: Charles II, King de Bourgogne. AKA: Charles II, King of Italy. Also Known As: Charles "Le Chauve." AKA: Charles II, King de Provence (Abbott, Page 499.). Born: on 13 Jun 823 at Francfort-sur-le-Main, Germany, son of Louis I, King de France and Judith de Bavière, Some sources assert King Charles II was born in the year 829. Note - between 0824 and 0875 at France: The birth of Charles II in 823 did not at first excite jealousy or rivalry among his brothers. In 829, Charles was granted the region of Alemannia, Rhaetia and part of Burgundy. In 837, his Father Louis I "Le Débonnaire", by arrangement with Louis the German and Pépin gave Charles the land West of the Meuse, Burgundy, Chartres and Paris together with all the bishops, abbots and counts who held benefices in these territories. A portion of Neustria was added in 838, and upon Pépin's death, Louis Le Pieux made Charles King of Aquitaine. On 24 July 840, the new Emperor, Lothar, in Strasburg, refuses to support the land claims of Charles (from the agreement of Worms on 30 May 839). The two brothers, Louis and Charles, unite against Lothar and the War of the Three Brothers begins. Meanwhile, on 12 May 841, the Normands ravage Rouen and all the localities along the Seine, increasing their wealth considerably. At Fontenoy-en-Puisaye (24 June 841), Charles defeats his brothers Lothar (in spite of the arrival of the Army of Aquitaine in the Imperial ranks -- and at a total loss of 40,000 lives at the battle) and Louis Le Germanique. Charles and Louis signed an alliance on 14 February 842 at Strasbourg. Leaving Strasbourg, the two brothers defeat the imperial army of Lothar just West of Comblence. Lothar leaves Aix-le-Chapelle precipitously, pursued by the two brothers. In Mellecey, not far from Châlon-sur-Saône, Lothar proposes a plan to establish perpetual peace which is acceptable to both Louis and Charles. On 15 June, they sign the preliminary peace document. On 1 October 842, each of them sends 40 commissioners to Metz to forge the official document. Prudence, the Bishop of Troyes, notes that Louis regained Germania in the East, Lothar gets the middle part of the Franc Kingdom, including Italy, and Charles obtains the Western lands (West of the Rhône, including Soissons). After that Charles goes to the Palace in Quierzy, where he marries Ermentrude. Charles signed the Treaty of Verdun (843) which split the Kingdom of Charlemagne. By the Treaty, the destiny of Occidental Europe would be heavily influenced to this day. Louis obtains all lands East of the Rhine, including the cities of Spire, Worms, Mayence. Lothar gets all the lands extending between the Rhine and the Escaut, the Cambrésis, the Hainaut, the country of Mézières, and all the countships neighboring the Meuse, through the Saône and the Rhône, the Artois and Italy. Charles got all the lands East all the way to Spain. The Kingdom of Charlemagne thus was split forever, with the most serious rift between the germanic lands of Louis, and the French lands of Charles. The intervening lands extending from Frisia to Rome, from the North Sea to the Mediterranean including what would become Holland, Belgium, Lorraine and Switzerland would become a sore point of contention between these two peoples. The only thing that mattered to Lothar was the fact that both capitals (Aix and Rome) were located within his territory, thus legitimizing the title of Emperor. Meanwhile, the Normands pillage Nantes and lower Aquitaine. Charles laid siege to Toulouse in vain (May to July 844). The Normands led by Ragnar Lodbrog arrive in Paris and must be heavily bribed to leave. Other Normand armies ravage Toulouse and Bordeaux (burned to the ground in 848). On 6 May 848, Duke Noménoé proclaims the indepence of the Church of Bretagne and the following year proclaims himself King of Bretagne. Charles fought Brittany (Bretagne) in and was victorious. Not liking Pépin II, the people of Aquitaine request Charles' help, and he obliges by accepting the Crown, and on 6 June 848 is consecrated King of Aquitaine, though he could not defend his kingdom against the Normands. He had Charles of Aquitaine jailed (849 in Corbie). In 850 Charles attacks Bretagne and leaves a garrison in Rennes. No sooner does he leave, that Noménoé takes the city and then takes Nantes as well. The next year, Noménoé ravages Maine, but, fortunately for Charles, the King of Bretagne dies suddenly on 7 March in Vendôme. Charles has Pépin II locked in the Monastery of Saint-Médard de Soissons in 852. The Normands under Godfrid pillage Tours and Angers and penetrate via the Valley of Escaut all the way to the Seine. The loyalty of Aquitaine shifts in 853, and Louis the German is called upon to help against Charles le Chauve. He in turn defeats Louis and offers Aquitaine his son by Ermentrude, Charles, who would be crowned sovereign in Limoges in October 855. Both Pépin II and Charles d'aquitaine escape raise armies against Charles le Chauve. Charles fought against Louis for Lorraine (859, 870 [Treaty of Mersen] and 875). When Louis le Germanique becomes ill in 869 near Rastisbonne, shortly after his nephew Lothar II died, Charles see the opportunity to claim his heritage as Uncle of the deceased. He has himself annointed King of Lorraine in Metz on 9 September, by the Bishop Hincmar. In March, 867, Charles d'aquitaine dies, and his father Charles le Chauve is recognized as King by the Assembly in Pouilly-sur-Loire. Upon the death of his nephew, Lothar II on 8 August 869, Charles sped to Lotharingia and had himself crowned King of Lotharingia annointed on 9 September in the cathedral at Metz by Bishop Adventius of Metz and Archbishop Hincmar of Rheims. In 9 August 870, through the Treaty of Meerseen, Louis "Le Germanique" and Charles "Le Chauve" reach an agreeable compromise whereby they divide the lands of Lothar II between themselves, leaving Louis II no part of the inheritance. As soon as Louis II died on 12 August 875, Charles rushed to Italy and received the imperial crown and is annointed by Pope John VIII on 25 December 875. In Pavia on 5 January 876, by acclamation of the counts and nobles of Italy, Charles becomes King of Italy. On 31 January 876, the Archbishop of Milan proclaims Charles as Emperor. The French ecclesiasticals and nobles, having some misgivings about Charles' ability to take care of his Kingdom meet in Ponthion. Charles joins them dressed in the attire of the Frankish King. As soon as they declare him elected and recognize his imperial authority, Charles donned the Byzantine crown, and purple vestment of emperor. When Louis le Germanique dies on 28 August 876, Charles claims Lorraine as his own. While on an expedition in Italy against the Sarrasins, through the specific request of Pope Jean VIII, Charles le Chauve dies at the foot of Mount Cenis. Married on 13 Dec 842 at Quierzy-sur-Oise, Aisne, Ile-de-France, France: Ermentrude d'orléans,, daughter of Odon=Eudes, Count d'orléans and Ingeltrude de Paris (Ermentrude was crowned Queen of France in 866, having already produced a number of children including 6 sons but none of them was satisfactory as far as Charles Le Chauve was concerned. By September 866, four of them were dead). Married on 25 Nov 869 at Aix-la-Chapelle, France: Richilde de Bourgogne,, daughter of Beuve=Bouin, Comte de Bourgogne and Richilde d'arles (The honeymoon is short-lived, as Louis le Germanique demands, as part of his heritage from the death of his nephew Lothar II, a part of Lorraine). Died: on 6 Oct 877 at Avrieux,

32 Dauphiné, France, at age 54 Charles II is buried at Saint Denis although originally he was buried in Nantua. Before expiring, he named his son, Louis Le Bègue as his successor, and the Empress Richilde, crowned by Pope Jean VIII earlier that year, is charged with taking the royal garbs and sword to her step-son Ermentrude 10 d'orléans (Rosamond, Page 195.) (Stuart, Page 130, Line ) (André Roux: Scrolls, 191.). Married Name: Ermentrude, Queen de France. Born: on 27 Sep 830 at France, daughter of Odon=Eudes, Count d'orléans and Ingeltrude de Paris. Married on 13 Dec 842 at Quierzy-sur- Oise, Aisne, Ile-de-France, France: Charles II, King de France,, son of Louis I, King de France and Judith de Bavière (Ermentrude was crowned Queen of France in 866, having already produced a number of children including 6 sons but none of them was satisfactory as far as Charles Le Chauve was concerned. By September 866, four of them were dead). Died: on 6 Oct 869 at Saint-Denis, Seine, Ile-de-France, France, at age Beuve=Bouin, Comte 10 de Bourgogne (André Roux: Scrolls, 194, 215.) (Stuart, Page 153, Line ; Page 241, Line ). AKA: Buwin, Count d'autun. AKA: Budwine, Count de Metz. AKA: Buvinus, Abbé de Gorze. Born: before 814, son of Richard, Count d'amiens and N? N?, Beuve is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Richilde was born. Married before 828: Richilde d'arles,, daughter of Boson III, Count de Turin and N? N? Died: after 877 Beuve was alive in the year 877 as well as in Richilde 10 d'arles (André Roux: Scrolls, 194.) (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 84, Line ). Married Name: de Bourgogne. Born: before 814, daughter of Boson III, Count de Turin and N? N?, Richilde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Richilde was born. Married before 828: Beuve=Bouin, Comte de Bourgogne,, son of Richard, Count d'amiens and N? N? Died: in Conrad II, Count 10 d'auxerre (Stuart, Page 133, Line ; Page 214, Line ) (André Roux: Scrolls, 194.). AKA: Conrad II, Count de Paris. AKA: Conrad II, Margrave de Bourgogne. Occupation: Conrad II was the Count of Paris and Margrave of Transjurane Burgundy. He was also the Lay Abbott of Saint Moritz. Born: in 825 at France, son of Conrad I, Count d'auxerre and Adélaïde=Aélis de Tours. Married before 870: Waldrade=Vaudrie d'alsace. Died: between 0872 and 0876 at Auvergne, France Waldrade=Vaudrie 10 d'alsace (Stuart, Page 133, Line ; Page 214, Line ). Married Name: d'auxerre. Born: before 811 Waldrade is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Ide was born. Vaudrie is thought to have been an Alsacian Étichonid. Married before 870: Conrad II, Count d'auxerre,, son of Conrad I, Count d'auxerre and Adélaïde=Aélis de Tours Louis II, King 10 de France (André Roux: Scrolls, 191.) (Stuart, Page 130, Line ) (Augé.) (Rosamond, Page 258.) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page 387.). AKA: Louis II, King d'aquitaine. Also Known As: Louis "Le Bègue." AKA: Louis II, King de Provence (Abbott, Page 499.). Born: in Nov 846 at Compiègne, Oise, Ile-de-France, France, son of Charles II, King de France and Ermentrude d'orléans. Married in 862: Ansgarde de Bourgogne,, daughter of Hardouin, Count de Bourgogne (She was given in marriage to Louis by her brother, Odon, often confused with Odon, Count of Troyes, an older man and one of Louis' detractors) (Rosamond, Page 185.). Note - between 0867 and 0879: Louis II was the King of Aquitaine from 867 to 879 and became King of France in 877, crowned at Compiègne by Hincmar, Archbishop of Rheims on 8 October. If the children and grandchildren of Charlemagne had an easy time ascending to the throne by virtue of their parentage, the same is not true for Louis. Louis had to be elected by the Greats - the nobles whose power had been growing steadily - and they conceded only after having received countships and additional powers. Moreover, Louis had to accept the tutelage of his maternal uncle, Hughes, Marquis of Neustria who also received the countship of Tours. He died 16 months later while making preparations to reprimand Bernard, Duke of Septimanie. Upon his death, nobles, looking to enhance their own power saw the kingdom partitioned between Louis III and Carloman, who were both crowned and anointed at Ferrières in September 879 by Ansegis, Archbishop of Sens. Louis III's portion comprised Francia and Neustria, and Carloman ruled Burgundy, Aquitaine and Gothia. Married between 0868 and 0869: Adélaïde=Adelheid de Paris,, daughter of Adalhard, Count de Paris and N? N? Died: on 11 Apr 879 at France at age 32 Louis II died sooner than expected after having divided his kingdom between his two sons, Louis III and Carloman. To the older son went Francia and Neustria; and to the younger went Bourgogne, Aquitaine and the Marche of Spain. This creation of two kingdoms is highly disputed because the two sons are not viewed by some as legitimate because Charles le Chauve had not officially recognized Louis marriage to Ansgarde. Louis was not favored, and on 15 October 879, Provence and Bourgogne recognize Richilde's (Charles le Chauve's widow) brother, Bozon. Moreover, Louis, son of Louis le Germanique, also lays claim to the throne of France. Thus, to make matters rather complicated there exists three kings of France at this time Adélaïde=Adelheid 10 de Paris (Rosamond.) (André Roux: Scrolls, 191.) (Stuart, Page 245, Line ) (Augé.). Married Name: de France. Born: before 855, daughter of Adalhard, Count de Paris and N? N?, Adélaïde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Ermentrude was born. Married between 0868 and 0869: Louis II, King de France,, son of Charles II, King de France and Ermentrude d'orléans. Died: after 10 Nov Charles II, King 10 de France (André Roux: Scrolls, 191.) (Stuart, Page 130, Line ) (Rosamond, Page 180.) (Augé.) (Castelot, Tome 1, Pages 369, 387.). AKA: Charles II, Emperor of the West. AKA: Charles II, King de Bourgogne. AKA: Charles II, King of Italy. Also Known As: Charles "Le Chauve." AKA: Charles II, King de Provence (Abbott, Page 499.). Born: on 13 Jun 823 at Francfort-sur-le-Main, Germany, son of Louis I, King de France and Judith de Bavière, Some sources assert King Charles II was born in the year 829. Note - between 0824 and 0875 at France: The birth of Charles II in 823 did not at first excite jealousy or rivalry among his brothers. In 829, Charles was granted the region of Alemannia, Rhaetia and part of Burgundy. In 837, his Father Louis I "Le Débonnaire", by arrangement with Louis the German and Pépin gave Charles the land West of the Meuse, Burgundy, Chartres and Paris together with all the bishops, abbots and counts who held benefices in these territories. A portion of Neustria was added in 838, and upon Pépin's death, Louis Le Pieux made Charles King of Aquitaine. On 24 July 840, the new Emperor, Lothar, in Strasburg, refuses to support the land claims of Charles (from the agreement of Worms on 30 May 839). The two brothers, Louis and Charles, unite against Lothar and the War of the Three Brothers begins. Meanwhile, on 12 May 841, the Normands ravage Rouen and all the localities along the Seine, increasing their wealth considerably. At Fontenoy-en-Puisaye (24 June 841), Charles defeats his brothers Lothar (in spite of the arrival of the Army of Aquitaine in the Imperial ranks -- and at a total loss of 40,000 lives at the battle) and Louis Le Germanique. Charles and Louis signed an alliance on 14 February 842 at Strasbourg. Leaving Strasbourg, the two brothers defeat the imperial army of Lothar just West of Comblence. Lothar leaves Aix-le-Chapelle precipitously, pursued by the two brothers. In Mellecey, not far from Châlon-sur-Saône, Lothar proposes a plan to establish perpetual peace which is acceptable to both Louis and Charles. On 15 June, they sign the preliminary peace document. On 1 October 842, each of them sends 40 commissioners to Metz to forge the official document. Prudence, the Bishop of Troyes, notes that Louis regained Germania in the East, Lothar gets the middle part of the Franc Kingdom, including Italy, and Charles obtains the Western lands (West of the Rhône, including Soissons). After that Charles goes to the Palace in Quierzy, where he marries Ermentrude. Charles signed the Treaty of Verdun (843) which split the Kingdom of Charlemagne. By

33 the Treaty, the destiny of Occidental Europe would be heavily influenced to this day. Louis obtains all lands East of the Rhine, including the cities of Spire, Worms, Mayence. Lothar gets all the lands extending between the Rhine and the Escaut, the Cambrésis, the Hainaut, the country of Mézières, and all the countships neighboring the Meuse, through the Saône and the Rhône, the Artois and Italy. Charles got all the lands East all the way to Spain. The Kingdom of Charlemagne thus was split forever, with the most serious rift between the germanic lands of Louis, and the French lands of Charles. The intervening lands extending from Frisia to Rome, from the North Sea to the Mediterranean including what would become Holland, Belgium, Lorraine and Switzerland would become a sore point of contention between these two peoples. The only thing that mattered to Lothar was the fact that both capitals (Aix and Rome) were located within his territory, thus legitimizing the title of Emperor. Meanwhile, the Normands pillage Nantes and lower Aquitaine. Charles laid siege to Toulouse in vain (May to July 844). The Normands led by Ragnar Lodbrog arrive in Paris and must be heavily bribed to leave. Other Normand armies ravage Toulouse and Bordeaux (burned to the ground in 848). On 6 May 848, Duke Noménoé proclaims the indepence of the Church of Bretagne and the following year proclaims himself King of Bretagne. Charles fought Brittany (Bretagne) in and was victorious. Not liking Pépin II, the people of Aquitaine request Charles' help, and he obliges by accepting the Crown, and on 6 June 848 is consecrated King of Aquitaine, though he could not defend his kingdom against the Normands. He had Charles of Aquitaine jailed (849 in Corbie). In 850 Charles attacks Bretagne and leaves a garrison in Rennes. No sooner does he leave, that Noménoé takes the city and then takes Nantes as well. The next year, Noménoé ravages Maine, but, fortunately for Charles, the King of Bretagne dies suddenly on 7 March in Vendôme. Charles has Pépin II locked in the Monastery of Saint-Médard de Soissons in 852. The Normands under Godfrid pillage Tours and Angers and penetrate via the Valley of Escaut all the way to the Seine. The loyalty of Aquitaine shifts in 853, and Louis the German is called upon to help against Charles le Chauve. He in turn defeats Louis and offers Aquitaine his son by Ermentrude, Charles, who would be crowned sovereign in Limoges in October 855. Both Pépin II and Charles d'aquitaine escape raise armies against Charles le Chauve. Charles fought against Louis for Lorraine (859, 870 [Treaty of Mersen] and 875). When Louis le Germanique becomes ill in 869 near Rastisbonne, shortly after his nephew Lothar II died, Charles see the opportunity to claim his heritage as Uncle of the deceased. He has himself annointed King of Lorraine in Metz on 9 September, by the Bishop Hincmar. In March, 867, Charles d'aquitaine dies, and his father Charles le Chauve is recognized as King by the Assembly in Pouilly-sur-Loire. Upon the death of his nephew, Lothar II on 8 August 869, Charles sped to Lotharingia and had himself crowned King of Lotharingia annointed on 9 September in the cathedral at Metz by Bishop Adventius of Metz and Archbishop Hincmar of Rheims. In 9 August 870, through the Treaty of Meerseen, Louis "Le Germanique" and Charles "Le Chauve" reach an agreeable compromise whereby they divide the lands of Lothar II between themselves, leaving Louis II no part of the inheritance. As soon as Louis II died on 12 August 875, Charles rushed to Italy and received the imperial crown and is annointed by Pope John VIII on 25 December 875. In Pavia on 5 January 876, by acclamation of the counts and nobles of Italy, Charles becomes King of Italy. On 31 January 876, the Archbishop of Milan proclaims Charles as Emperor. The French ecclesiasticals and nobles, having some misgivings about Charles' ability to take care of his Kingdom meet in Ponthion. Charles joins them dressed in the attire of the Frankish King. As soon as they declare him elected and recognize his imperial authority, Charles donned the Byzantine crown, and purple vestment of emperor. When Louis le Germanique dies on 28 August 876, Charles claims Lorraine as his own. While on an expedition in Italy against the Sarrasins, through the specific request of Pope Jean VIII, Charles le Chauve dies at the foot of Mount Cenis. Married on 13 Dec 842 at Quierzy-sur-Oise, Aisne, Ile-de-France, France: Ermentrude d'orléans,, daughter of Odon=Eudes, Count d'orléans and Ingeltrude de Paris (Ermentrude was crowned Queen of France in 866, having already produced a number of children including 6 sons but none of them was satisfactory as far as Charles Le Chauve was concerned. By September 866, four of them were dead). Married on 25 Nov 869 at Aix-la-Chapelle, France: Richilde de Bourgogne,, daughter of Beuve=Bouin, Comte de Bourgogne and Richilde d'arles (The honeymoon is short-lived, as Louis le Germanique demands, as part of his heritage from the death of his nephew Lothar II, a part of Lorraine). Died: on 6 Oct 877 at Avrieux, Dauphiné, France, at age 54 Charles II is buried at Saint Denis although originally he was buried in Nantua. Before expiring, he named his son, Louis Le Bègue as his successor, and the Empress Richilde, crowned by Pope Jean VIII earlier that year, is charged with taking the royal garbs and sword to her step-son Ermentrude 10 d'orléans (Rosamond, Page 195.) (Stuart, Page 130, Line ) (André Roux: Scrolls, 191.). Married Name: Ermentrude, Queen de France. Born: on 27 Sep 830 at France, daughter of Odon=Eudes, Count d'orléans and Ingeltrude de Paris. Married on 13 Dec 842 at Quierzy-sur- Oise, Aisne, Ile-de-France, France: Charles II, King de France,, son of Louis I, King de France and Judith de Bavière (Ermentrude was crowned Queen of France in 866, having already produced a number of children including 6 sons but none of them was satisfactory as far as Charles Le Chauve was concerned. By September 866, four of them were dead). Died: on 6 Oct 869 at Saint-Denis, Seine, Ile-de-France, France, at age Adalhard, Count 10 de Paris (Rosamond.). Born: before 840, son of Éberhard, Count de Paris and N? N?, Adalhard is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Adélaïde was born. Married before 855: N? N? 611. N? 10 N? Married before 855: Adalhard, Count de Paris,, son of Éberhard, Count de Paris and N? N? 612. Elfred, King of 10 Wessex (Stuart, Page 171, Line ). AKA: Alfred, King of England. Also Known As: Alfred=Elfred "The Great." Born: in 849 at Wantage, Berkshire, England, son of Aethelwulf, King of England and Osburh of England (Stuart, Page 171. ). Married in 869: Ealhswit = Ethelswitha Sighelm of Mercia,, daughter of Aethelred Mucil and Eadburh=Edburga of Mercia (Some sources indicate Elfred and Ealhswit were married in 868) (Stuart, Page 171. ) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., posted by Anjanette Lofgren [Prodigy ID# ASZR36A] under Subject "England", 7 March 1996 at 14:03 Hours.). Note - between 0871 and 0886: Elfred succeeded his brother, Aethelred as King of Wessex in April, 871 [even though Aethelred had children of his own]. He was almost constantly at war with the Danes from 876 [the first recorded event of his reign was a battle he fought against the whole Danish Army at Wilton, in 871] until his death. During 871, nine general engagements were fought against the Danish army in the kingdom South of the Thames, besides the expeditions which the King's brother Alfred and other earldormen and king's Thegns often rode on. That year, nine Danish earls were killed and one king. He fought major battles in Ashdown, Ethedun and Edington. Between 865 and 873, the kingdoms of Northumbria, East Anglia and Mercia had been destroyed in battle. Wessex alone retained its dynasty and territorial integrity. His capture of London in 886 led to general recognition of his leadership over all the English thought technically ruler of Wessex and Mercia only. Very educated, he translated into Anglo-Saxon the Pastoral Care of Pope Gregory I, Orosius' Seven Books of History Against the Pagans, Boethius' Consolation of Philosophy and part of St. Augustine of Hippo's Soliloquies. He was the Founder of Oxford University. By popular acclaim, he is said to have invented the Royal Navy, the Shires [and therefore, county Cricket] and the Church of England (D.J.V. Fisher, The Anglo-Saxon Age: c (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1992), Pg. 216.). Died: on 26 Oct 899 at England Carr's "Dictionary of English Kings, Consorts, Pretenders, Usurpers, Un-Natural Claimants and Royal Athelings" indicates that Alfred died in 901 at age 52 of an inexplicit but persistent malady, and that for 1,200 years [!!!!], he has reigned First in Peace [only a warped British mind could conceive of one involved in at least 3 major battles and over 53 not-so-major armed conflicts as a peace-maker -- Americans would follow suit in the 20th. Century by naming a multiple warhead nuclear missile a "Peacemaker" -- as anything close to a peace monger], First in War, and first in the hearts of his Countrymen [presumably also for the next couple of hundred years as well.

34 613. Ealhswit = Ethelswitha 10 Sighelm of Mercia (Stuart, Page 174, Line ) (Stuart, Page 174.) (Ibid.). AKA: Walhswith, Queen of England. Born: circa 852 at Mercia, England, daughter of Aethelred Mucil and Eadburh=Edburga of Mercia (Stuart, Page 174. ). Married in 869: Elfred, King of Wessex,, son of Aethelwulf, King of England and Osburh of England (Some sources indicate Elfred and Ealhswit were married in 868) (Stuart, Page 171. ) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., posted by Anjanette Lofgren [Prodigy ID# ASZR36A] under Subject "England", 7 March 1996 at 14:03 Hours.). Died: either 904 or 5 Dec 905 at England (Stuart, Page 174.) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., posted by Anjanette Lofgren [Prodigy ID# ASZR36A] under Subject "England", 7 March 1996 at 14:03 Hours.) Sigehelm, Earldorman of 10 Kent (Stuart, Page 171, Line ). Born: before 881 Sigehelm is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Eadgifu was born. Married before 896: N? N? Died: after 962 at England (Stuart, Page 171.) N? 10 N? Married before 896: Sigehelm, Earldorman of Kent Liudolf, Dux 10 de Saxe. AKA: Ludolph, Count von Herzfeld (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.). Born: in 816, son of Viguebert, Dux de Saxe and Simicille de Frisé, Liudolf'd parentage is in question with some sources asserting he was the son of Viguebert by Simicille while others claim he was the son of Bruno, by Oda. Married before 835: Oda de Franconia, Princess d'austrasie,, daughter of Billung, Count de Turinge and Aeda N? Died: between 0866 and 0880 Liudolf is buried at Brunohaussen Oda de Franconia, Princess 10 d'austrasie (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 69, Line ) (Rosamond.). Married Name: de Saxe. Born: in 806, daughter of Billung, Count de Turinge and Aeda N? (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.). Married before 835: Liudolf, Dux de Saxe,, son of Viguebert, Dux de Saxe and Simicille de Frisé. Died: either 0912 or 0913 According to Perro's sources, Oda was 107 years old when she died in 913 (Ibid.) Arnulf, Emperor of 10 Germany (Augé.) (Rosamond.) (Stuart, Page 131, Line ). AKA: Arnoul "Le Germanique." Born: in 850, son of Carloman, King de Bavière and Liutswind N? Married before 863: Oda de Bavière,, daughter of Theodore de Bavière and N? N? Married before 870: Winburg N? (She was one of three concubines). AKA: Arnoul, Duke de Carinthie. AKA: Arnoul, King de Lotharingie ( AKA: Arnoul, King de Bavière (Ibid.). AKA: Arnoul, King of Italy (Ibid.). AKA: Arnoul, Emperor of the Occident (Ibid.). Died: on 29 Nov 899 at Regensburg, Ratisbonne, Bavaria, Germany (von Redlich, Page 124.) Oda 10 de Bavière (Augé.) (Rosamond.) (Stuart, Page 131, Line ). Married Name: Oda of Germany. Born: before 848, daughter of Theodore de Bavière and N? N?, Oda is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Hadwige was born. Married before 863: Arnulf, Emperor of Germany,, son of Carloman, King de Bavière and Liutswind N? Died: after N. 10 von Threkwitigau (Stuart, Page 240, Line ). Born: before 838, son of Walbert von Threkwitigau and Altburg de Saxe, He is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his son Théodoric was born. Married before 855: Mathilda von Ittergau,, daughter of Echbert, Count von Ittergau and Ida N? 621. Mathilda 10 von Ittergau. Married Name: von Threkwitigau. Born: before 834, daughter of Echbert, Count von Ittergau and Ida N? Married before 855: N. von Threkwitigau,, son of Walbert von Threkwitigau and Altburg de Saxe. Died: after 909 Mathilda was alive in the year Lothaire=Lothar II, King 10 de Lorraine (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 193, Line ) (Castelot, Tome I, Page 384.) (Abbott, Page 499.). Born: in 827, son of Lothaire I, Emperor of the West and Ermengarde de Tours. Married circa 855: Teutberge de Valois,, daughter of Boson III, Count de Turin and N? N? Note - between 0855 and 0869: Lothaire II was the King of Lorraine from 855 to 869. He married Teutberge de Valois whom he repudiated in favor of his concubine Walrade. From 858 until 869 he battled to get rid of his wife. This cost him the court of Rome, and an excommunication by the Church, for which he had to beg the pardon of the Pope. Upon the death of his brother, Charles de Provence in 863, Lothar II would get the center of Charles' Kingdom (since Charles had no son). Divorced Teutberge de Valois: in 862. Married on 25 Dec 862: Waldrade d'alsace (Waldrade was Lothaire's concubine long before he married her after his first wife died). Died: on 8 Aug 869 at Piacenza, Italy, Having no sons upon his death, Lothar II's lands reverted to his sole surviving brother Louis II Waldrade 10 d'alsace (Stuart, Page 193, Line ). Born: before 842 (Stuart.). Married on 25 Dec 862: Lothaire=Lothar II, King de Lorraine,, son of Lothaire I, Emperor of the West and Ermengarde de Tours (Waldrade was Lothaire's concubine long before he married her after his first wife died). Died: after 868 She was a nun when she died (Stuart.) Baudouin II, Count 10 de Flandre (André Roux: Scrolls, 117.) (Stuart, Page 102, Line ). Also Known As: Baudouin "Le Chauve" (Abbott, Page 292.). Born: either 0863 or 0865 at Belgium, son of Baudouin I, Count de Flandre and Judith, Princess de France, Some sources indicate this Baudouin was born in the year 865 while others assert Baudouin II was born in 863. Note - in 879: Baudouin II also was a Marquis of Flanders. Married in 884: Elstrude, Princess of England,, daughter of Elfred, King of Wessex and Ealhswit = Ethelswitha Sighelm of Mercia. Died: on 2 Jan 918 (von Redlich, Page 235.) Elstrude, Princess of 10 England (André Roux: Scrolls, 118.) (Stuart, Page 102, Line ). AKA: Aelfthryth of Wessex. Born: circa 877 at Wessex, England, daughter of Elfred, King of Wessex and Ealhswit = Ethelswitha Sighelm of Mercia. Married in 884: Baudouin II, Count de Flandre,, son of Baudouin I, Count de Flandre and Judith, Princess de France. Died: on 7 Jun 929 at Wessex, England Herbert II, Count 10 de Vermandois (André Roux: Scrolls, 112, 192, 255.) (Rosamond.) (Stuart, Page 168, Line ). AKA: Herbert II, Count de Soissons. AKA: Herbert II de Coucy Coucy-le-Château-Auffrique formed part of the patrimony of the Abbey de Saint Rémi, itself annexed to the episcopal domain. After securing Vitry, Herbert II, Master of the Rémois, gave Coucy to the Châtelain de Vitry in order to reward him for his treachery

35 towards Boson. Thibaut "Le Tricheur", Herbert II's son-in-law, claimed Coucy as against Rheims, and held the place from 956 to 958 (Abbott, Page 36.). AKA: Herbert, Comte de Madrie Herbert held Madrie in 918. The county was dismembered in 934 following the creation of Normandie (Abbott, Page 236.). AKA: Herbert II, Count de Troyes. AKA: Herbert II, Count de Meaux. Born: circa 884, son of Herbert I, Lord de Péronne and Béatrice de Morvois, The birth year is somewhat questionable and ranges from 884 to 893 depending on the source. Married before 907: Hildebrante de Neustrie,, daughter of Robert I, King de France and Adèle=Aénis N? (Herbert II was Hildebrante's second husband and she was his first wife. The marriage brought to Herbert II the County of Meaux, Multien and the Omois) (Abbott, Pages 60.). Died: on 23 Feb 943 at Saint-Quentin, Aisne, Picardie, France Hildebrante 10 de Neustrie (André Roux: Scrolls, 79, 112.) (Stuart, Page 127, Line ). AKA: Adèle, Princess de France. Married Name: Liégarde de Vermandois. Married Name: de Blois. Born: circa 887, daughter of Robert I, King de France and Adèle=Aénis N? Married before 907: Herbert II, Count de Vermandois,, son of Herbert I, Lord de Péronne and Béatrice de Morvois (Herbert II was Hildebrante's second husband and she was his first wife. The marriage brought to Herbert II the County of Meaux, Multien and the Omois) (Abbott, Pages 60.). Married in 942: Thibaut, Count de Blois,, son of Thibaud, Vicomte de Troyes and Richilde de Bourges (Thibaut II was Hildebrante's second husband). Died: circa Billung, Count 10 de Saxe (Stuart, Page 222, Line ). Born: before 890 Billung is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Hermann was born. Married before 905: Fréderunda N? Died: on 26 Mar Fréderunda 10 N? (Ibid.). Married Name: de Saxe. Born: before 890 Fréderunda is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Hermann was born. Married before 905: Billung, Count de Saxe. Died: after Anchier II, Count 10 d'orcheret (Stuart, Page 235, Line ). AKA: Anscar II, Marquis d'ivrée. Note -: Anchier=Anscar II was the Marquis of Ivrea, went to Italy with Gui of Spoleto Against Bérenger I. Born: before 865 at France, son of Amadeus, Count de Bourgogne and N? N?, Anchier II is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Adelbert I was born. Married before 880 at Italy: Gisèle N? Died: circa 895 (Stuart, Page 235. ) Gisèle 10 N? (Stuart, Page 235, Line ). Married Name: d'orcheret. Born: before 865 at France Gisèle is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Adelbert I was born. Married before 880 at Italy: Anchier II, Count d'orcheret,, son of Amadeus, Count de Bourgogne and N? N? 650. Bérenger=Berengar I, King of 10 Italy (Encyclopedia.). AKA: Bérenger I, Marquis de Friuli. AKA: Bérenger I, Emperor of the West. Born: in 840, son of Éberhard, Marquis de Friuli and Gisèle=Gisela de Bavière. Married circa 879 at Perugia, Italy: Bertila de Spoleto,, daughter of Suppo II, Margrave de Spolète and N? N? Occupation: between 0888 and 0924 Bérenger I was the King of Italy from 888 to 924 A.D. He was Emperor of the West, December, and he was also the Marquis of Friuli. Married before Dec 915: Anna N? (Anna was Bérenger I's second wife). Died: on 7 Apr 924 at Vérone, Italy, Bérenger was assassinated in Verona, Italy Bertila 10 de Spoleto (Stuart, Page 197, Line ). Married Name: Italy. Born: before 865, daughter of Suppo II, Margrave de Spolète and N? N?, Bertilda is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Gisèle was born. Married circa 879 at Perugia, Italy: Bérenger=Berengar I, King of Italy,, son of Éberhard, Marquis de Friuli and Gisèle=Gisela de Bavière. Died: after 915 at Italy (Stuart, Page 197.) Thibaud, Count 10 de Bourgogne (André Roux: Scrolls, 214.) (Stuart, Page 133, Line ). AKA: Thibaud, Count de Provence. AKA: Thibaud, Count d'arles. AKA: Theobald, Count de Vienne. Born: before 864, son of Hubert=Herbert, Duke de Bourgogne and N? N? Married circa 879: Berthe, Princess de Lorraine,, daughter of Lothaire=Lothar II, King de Lorraine and Waldrade d'alsace. Died: in Berthe, Princess 10 de Lorraine (André Roux: Scrolls.) (Stuart, Page 193, Line ) (Abbott, Page 499.). Married Name: de Toscane. Born: in 863 at France, daughter of Lothaire=Lothar II, King de Lorraine and Waldrade d'alsace. Married circa 879: Thibaud, Count de Bourgogne,, son of Hubert=Herbert, Duke de Bourgogne and N? N? Married between 0896 and 0898: Adalbert II, Margrave de Toscane,, son of Adalbert I, Count de Lucca and Rohaut=Rothieda de Spoleto. Died: on 8 Mar 925 at bur Lucca Rudolphe I, King 10 de Bourgogne (Stuart, Page 133, Line ) (Abbott, Page 500.). Born: in 872, son of Conrad II, Count d'auxerre and Waldrade=Vaudrie d'alsace. Note - between 0880 and 0911: Rodolphe I was King of the Transjurane Burgundy from the year 880 (8 years old) to 911. Married in 888: Willa de Vienne,, daughter of Boson, King de Provence and Ermengarde=Trungard, Princess of Italy. Died: on 25 Oct Willa 10 de Vienne (Stuart, Page 241, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, "9th/10th Centy.Kings" posted on 14 February 1994 at 19:51 Hours.). Married Name: de Bourgogne. Married Name: de Lombardie. Born: before 880, daughter of Boson, King de Provence and Ermengarde=Trungard, Princess of Italy, Willa is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Rodolphe II was born. Married in 888: Rudolphe I, King de Bourgogne,, son of Conrad II, Count d'auxerre and Waldrade=Vaudrie d'alsace. Married in 912: Hughes, King de Lombardie,, son of Thibaud, Count de Bourgogne and Berthe, Princess de Lorraine (Willa was Hughes' first wife). Died: on 14 Jun Rainier, Count 10 de Verdun. Born: before 885 Rainier is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his son, Richwin, was born. Married before 902: N? N? 657. N? 10 N? Married before 902: Rainier, Count de Verdun N? 10 N? Married before 890: Ermentrude, Princess de France,, daughter of Louis II, King de France and Adélaïde=Adelheid de Paris Ermentrude, Princess 10 de France. Born: circa 870, daughter of Louis II, King de France and Adélaïde=Adelheid de Paris. Married before 890: N? N? 660. Hughes III, Count 10 d'alsace (Stuart, Page 150, Line ). Note -: Hughes III was an advocate of Luden. AKA: Hughes III, Count von

36 Hohenburg Hughes was Count in Hohenburg in Alsace in 921 (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Gary Murray [Prodigy ID# SJJA18A] under Subject "de Lorraine", 31 October 1997 at 14:29 Hours.) (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.). AKA: Hughes III, Count von Nordgau Hughes III was Count in the Alsacian Nordgau (Ibid.). Born: before 898, son of Éberhard III, Count d'alsace and Aelinde N? Married before 918: Hildegarde N? Died: in Hildegarde 10 N? (Stuart, Page 150, Line ). Married Name: d'alsace. Born: before 910 Hildegarde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Eberhard IV was born. Married before 918: Hughes III, Count d'alsace,, son of Éberhard III, Count d'alsace and Aelinde N? 662. Wigeric, Pfalzgrave 10 d'aachen (Stuart, Page 227, Line ; Page 79, Line ). AKA: Wigeric, Pfalzgrave de Thier. AKA: Wigeric, Count d'ardenne. AKA: Wigéric, Count von Triesgau. Born: in 886 ( Married circa 908: Kunigonde de France,, daughter of N? N? and Ermentrude, Princess de France (Wigeric was Kunigonde's first husband). Died: circa 916 (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.) Kunigonde 10 de France (Stuart, Page 247, Line ). Married Name: d'aachen. Married Name: de Verdun. Born: circa 890, daughter of N? N? and Ermentrude, Princess de France (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Michael Welch [Prodigy ID# ZCLC44A] in Topic "Royal/Noble/Heraldry", Subject "Agatha of Hungary", on 1 June 1998 at 02:26 Hours.). Married circa 908: Wigeric, Pfalzgrave d'aachen (Wigeric was Kunigonde's first husband). Married circa 920: Richwin, Count de Verdun,, son of Rainier, Count de Verdun and N? N? Died: after Gebhard, Count 10 de Wetterau (Stuart, Page 245, Line ). AKA: Gebhard, Count von Rhinegau. AKA: Gerhard, Count de Metzgau (Stuart, Page 79, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, "de Lorraine", 10 July 1995 at 13:24 Hours.). AKA: Gebhard, Duke de Lorraine. Born: before 888, son of Gebhard, Count von Nieder-Lhangau and N? N?, Gebhard is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age by the time his son Eudes was born. Married before 905: Oda de Saxe,, daughter of Otton, Dux de Saxe and Hadwige=Hathui, Princess de Bavière. Married before 907: N? N? Died: on 29 Jun 910 Gebhard was slain in battle N? 10 N? Married before 907: Gebhard, Count de Wetterau,, son of Gebhard, Count von Nieder-Lhangau and N? N? 666. Herbert I, Lord 10 de Péronne (André Roux: Scrolls, 112, 192, 255.) (Rosamond.) (Stuart, Page 168, Line ) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page 424.). AKA: Herbert I, Count de Vermandois. AKA: Herbert I, Count de Soissons. AKA: Herbert I, Seigneur de Senlis. AKA: Herbert I, Lord de Saint-Quentin. Born: circa 840 at Péronne, Somme, Picardie, France, son of Pépin II, Lord de Péronne and N? N?, Péronne was taken by Wellington in 1815 and by the Germans in January, It was occupied again by them from 24 September 1914 to 8 September Married before 880 at France: Béatrice de Morvois,, daughter of Guérin I, Count de Morvois and Eve de Roussillon. Died: either 0890 or 0902 Herbert I was murdered [some sources say in 890, others claim it was in 902] Béatrice 10 de Morvois (Stuart, Page 194, Line ) (Leana Randall, Prodigy Post, 22 July 1994 at 00:09 Hours.). Married Name: de Péronne. Born: circa 862, daughter of Guérin I, Count de Morvois and Eve de Roussillon. Married before 880 at France: Herbert I, Lord de Péronne,, son of Pépin II, Lord de Péronne and N? N? 672. Robert, Count 10 de Blois (André Roux: Scrolls, 79.) (Augé, Page 676.) (Stuart, Page 126, Line ). AKA: Rutpert IV, Count de Wormsgau. AKA: Ruppert IV, Marquis d'anjou. AKA: Robert, Count de Paris. AKA: Robert, Count de Tours. AKA: Robert, Count d'auxerre. AKA: Robert, Count de Nevers Robert became Comte de Nevers in 864, upon the death of Hughes de Bourges (Abbott, Page 182.). AKA: Robert, Count d'anjou. Also Known As: Robert "Le Fort." Born: before 834 at Mainz, Rhénanie-Palatinat, Germany, son of Rutpert III, Count de Wormsgau and Waldrada=Wiltrud d'orléans. Occupation: between 0836 and 0866 Robert "Le Fort" was Lay Abbot of Tours Married before 856: Agane de Laon. Married circa 864: Adélaïde=Aélis de Tours,, daughter of Hughes, Count de Tours and Aba N? (Adélaïde was Conrad's widow when she married Robert as his second wife). Note - before 865: Robert "Le Fort", who took part in the "Révolte des Grands" against Charles "Le Chauve", fought against the Normands and was mortally wounded by them while pursuing them. Died: on 15 Sep 866 at Brissarthe, Anjou, France, Robert Le Fort was killed by the viking-normans. Gary Murray's sources indicate this happened 25 July 866 (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Gary Murray [Prodigy ID# SJJA18A] under Subject "de La Marche", 30 October 1997 at 16:46 Hours.) Adélaïde=Aélis 10 de Tours (Stuart, Page 214, Line ; Page 126, Line ; Page 164, Line ). Married Name: d'auxerre. AKA: Adélaïde d'alsace. Married Name: de Blois. Born: before 810 at Tours, Indre-et-Loire, Touraine, France, daughter of Hughes, Count de Tours and Aba N?, Adélaïde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Ide was born. Married before 825: Conrad I, Count d'auxerre,, son of Welf II, Count de Bavière and Égilwich=Heilwig, Abbess de Challes. Married circa 864: Robert, Count de Blois,, son of Rutpert III, Count de Wormsgau and Waldrada=Wiltrud d'orléans (Adélaïde was Conrad's widow when she married Robert as his second wife). MaterAlter: before 865 Eudes, King de France/Adélaïde=Aélis de Tours. Died: on 15 Sep 866 Adélaïde was killed Herbert I, Lord 10 de Péronne (André Roux: Scrolls, 112, 192, 255.) (Rosamond.) (Stuart, Page 168, Line ) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page 424.). AKA: Herbert I, Count de Vermandois. AKA: Herbert I, Count de Soissons. AKA: Herbert I, Seigneur de Senlis. AKA: Herbert I, Lord de Saint-Quentin. Born: circa 840 at Péronne, Somme, Picardie, France, son of Pépin II, Lord de Péronne and N? N?, Péronne was taken by Wellington in 1815 and by the Germans in January, It was occupied again by them from 24 September 1914 to 8 September Married before 880 at France: Béatrice de Morvois,, daughter of Guérin I, Count de Morvois and Eve de Roussillon. Died: either 0890 or 0902 Herbert I was murdered [some sources say in 890, others claim it was in 902] Béatrice 10 de Morvois (Stuart, Page 194, Line ) (Leana Randall, Prodigy Post, 22 July 1994 at 00:09 Hours.). Married Name: de Péronne. Born: circa 862, daughter of Guérin I, Count de Morvois and Eve de Roussillon. Married before 880 at France: Herbert I, Lord de Péronne,, son of Pépin II, Lord de Péronne and N? N? 676. Otton, Dux 10 de Saxe (André Roux: Scrolls.) (Rosamond.) (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 69, Line ) (von Redlich, Page 63.). AKA: Otto von Erlauchten. Also Known As: Otton "Le Grand." Born: in 835, son of Liudolf, Dux de Saxe and Oda de Franconia, Princess d'austrasie. Married in 869:

37 Hadwige=Hathui, Princess de Bavière,, daughter of Arnulf, Emperor of Germany and Oda de Bavière. AKA: Otton, Count in de Turinge Otton was Count in South Thuringia (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.). Died: on 13 Nov 912. Buried: on 30 Nov Hadwige=Hathui, Princess 10 de Bavière (André Roux: Scrolls.) (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 131, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 22 May 1994 at 22:25 Hours.). Married Name: de Saxe. Born: circa 863, daughter of Arnulf, Emperor of Germany and Oda de Bavière, At age 13, Hadwige would be assumed to have her first child, which also assumes her father was 13 when she was born. There are divergent views as to Hedwige's parentage. Weis' "Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists" [6th. Ed., 1988, Line 141 (42)] shows Arnulf as her father. Other sources [E.S., 1980's Edition, via Paul Theroff] indicate Hadwige's father as Heinrich, Margrave of the Northern Mark. PaterAlter circa 863 Hadwige=Hathui, Princess de Bavière/Henri, Duke d'austrasie (an unknown value). Married in 869: Otton, Dux de Saxe,, son of Liudolf, Dux de Saxe and Oda de Franconia, Princess d'austrasie. Died: on 24 Dec 903 (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.) Théodoric, Count 10 de Ringelheim (André Roux: Scrolls, 113.) (Stuart, Page 239, Line ). AKA: Dietrich II, Count de Saxe. Note -: Théodoric was Count of the Saxon Hamalant. Born: before 856, son of N. von Threkwitigau and Mathilda von Ittergau, Théodoric is presumed to have been at least 17 years old by the time his daughter,, Amalrada, was born. Married before 870: Reginhilde de Friesland,, daughter of Godefrid, King of Haithabu and Gisela N? Married in 882: Gisèle de Lorraine,, daughter of Lothaire=Lothar II, King de Lorraine and Waldrade d'alsace. Died: on 8 Feb Gisèle 10 de Lorraine (Ibid.). Married Name: de Ringelheim. Born: between 0863 and 0865, daughter of Lothaire=Lothar II, King de Lorraine and Waldrade d'alsace. Married in 882: Théodoric, Count de Ringelheim,, son of N. von Threkwitigau and Mathilda von Ittergau. Died: before 26 Oct Ranulf II, Comte 10 de Poitou (Stuart, Page 118, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 07 June 1995 at 14:11 Hours.) (Abbott, Page 402.). AKA: Ranulf II, Duke d'aquitaine (Abbott, Page 303.). AKA: Rannoux II d'auvergne (Abbott, Page 442.). AKA: Rainulf II, King d'aquitaine Rainulf II was King d'aquitaine in the year 888. Born: in 848 at France, son of Ranulf I = Rorgo, Comte de Poitou and Richilde du Maine. AKA: Ramnulf II, lay-priest de Saint-Hilaire de Poitiers ( Married before 872: Ermengarde N? (Ermengarde was a concubine of Ranulf II). Died: on 5 Aug 890 Ranulf was poisoned Ermengarde 10 N? (Stuart, Page 118, Line ). Married Name: de Poitou. Born: before 857 at France Ermengarde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Ébalus was born. Married before 872: Ranulf II, Comte de Poitou,, son of Ranulf I = Rorgo, Comte de Poitou and Richilde du Maine (Ermengarde was a concubine of Ranulf II) Rognvald 10 Eysteinsson (Stuart, Page 123, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 08 June 1995 at 18:26 Hours.). AKA: Rognvald, Jarl of More. Also Known As: Rognvald "the Wise." Also Known As: Rognvald "The Mighty." Born: circa 830 at Maer, Norway, son of Eystein Ivarsson and Aseda Rognvaldotter. Married before 866: Rognhild=Hildir Hrolfsdotter,, daughter of Hrolf Nefja and N? N? Married before 870: Ermina N? Note - before 890: Rognvald was the Jarl of More or Maer, a Norwegian Viking. Died: circa 890 at Maer, Norway, Rognvald was burned to death in his house by Halfdan Haaleg and Gudrod Ljome Rognhild=Hildir 10 Hrolfsdotter (Stuart, Page 123, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 08 June 1995 at 18:26 Hours.). Married Name: Eysteinsson. Born: circa 848 at Norway, daughter of Hrolf Nefja and N? N? Married before 866: Rognvald Eysteinsson,, son of Eystein Ivarsson and Aseda Rognvaldotter Bérenger, Count 10 de Bayeux (Stuart, Page 124, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 07 June 1995 at 14:10 Hours.). AKA: Bérenger, Count de Rennes The Comte Bérenger submitted to his Uncle, the Comte de Nantes who became the Duke Alain "Le Grand". But following the death of Alain, Thibaut "Le Tricheur", guardian of his son, sold the suzerainty of the Comté de Rennes to the Count Juhel Bérenger (Abbott, Page 272.). Born: before 857 at Bretagne, France, son of Judicaël, Duke de Bretagne and N? N?, Bérenger is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Popa was born. Married before 872: N? de Rennes,, daughter of Gurvand, Duke de Bretagne and N? de Bretagne. Note - between 0887 and 0890: Bérenger was Count de Rennes from He defeated the Norsemen at Coesnon in 890. PaterAlter before 903 Bérenger, Count de Bayeux/Juhel Bérenger, Count de Rennes (an unknown value). Died: circa 930 (Ibid.) N? 10 de Rennes (Stuart, Page 124, Line ). Married Name: de Bayeux. AKA: N? de Bretagne (Paul Theroff, posts, 07 June 1995 at 14:08 Hours, E.S., Band II, Tafel 75.). Born: before 857 at Bretagne, France, daughter of Gurvand, Duke de Bretagne and N? de Bretagne, She is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Popa was born. Married before 872: Bérenger, Count de Bayeux,, son of Judicaël, Duke de Bretagne and N? N? MaterAlter: before 903 Juhel Bérenger, Count de Rennes/N? de Rennes Hugues 10 de Provence (André Roux: Scrolls, 114.). Born: before 884 at France, son of Boson, King de Provence and Ermengarde=Trungard, Princess of Italy, Hughes is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Robaud I was born. Married before 899: N? N? Died: after 900 Hughes was alive in the year N? 10 N? Married before 899: Hugues de Provence,, son of Boson, King de Provence and Ermengarde=Trungard, Princess of Italy Guillaume I, Duke 10 d'aquitaine (C. and van Kerrebrouck, P. Settipani, La préhistoire des Capétiens , 1ère partie, Mérovingiens, Carolingiens et Robertiens in no series (Nord, France: Villeneuve d'ascq, 1993), Page 375, Footnote 89.). AKA: Guillaume, Count de Bourges. AKA: Guillaume, Comte de Nevers Guillaume inherited Nevers from his father and was Comte when he died, however, in between times he temporarily lost the County to Rathier (Abbott, Page 182.). Also Known As: Guillaume "Le Pieux" (later known as GUILLAUME I "le Pieux" Duke of Aquitaine) (Abbott, Page 302.). Born: circa 860, son of Bernard II, Count d'auvergne and Ermengarde de Mâcon (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 247.). AKA: He succeeded his father in 886 as Marquis de Gothie (R. (ed.) de Lespinasse, Cartulaire de Saint-Cyr de Nevers in no series, Vol. 15 (Paris, France: Nevers, 1916), 31, Vol. 15, Page 31.). AKA: Guuillaume I, Marquis de Gothie He succeeded his father in 886 as Marquis de Gothie (Ibid.). AKA: Guillaume, Count de Mâcon (Ibid.). AKA:

38 Guillaume, Comte (Ibid.). AKA: Guillaume II, Comte d'auvergne "Karolus imperator Augustus" confirms that "Willelmo comite" replaces "patris sui Bernardi comitis" after the latter was killed, by charter dated 16 Aug 886 (Ibid.). AKA: Guillaume, Comte de Limousin (Ibid.). AKA: Guillaume, Comte de Berry (Ibid.). Married before 898: Engelberge de Provence,, daughter of Boson, King de Provence and Ermengarde=Trungard, Princess of Italy. Note - in 910 at Cluny, Saône-et-Loire, Bourgogne, France: Guillaume I founded Cluny in Anno Domini 910. Died: on 6 Jul 918 (Internet, Buried: after 6 Jul 918 at Abbaye de Brioude, Brioude, Haute-Loire, Auvergne, France (Ibid.) Engelberge 10 de Provence (Augé.). Married Name: d'aquitaine. Born: in 877, daughter of Boson, King de Provence and Ermengarde=Trungard, Princess of Italy (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 247.). Married before 898: Guillaume I, Duke d'aquitaine,, son of Bernard II, Count d'auvergne and Ermengarde de Mâcon. Died: in Louis III, King of 10 Italy (André Roux: Scrolls, 194, 215.) (Stuart, Page 14, Line ). Also Known As: Louis "l'aveugle." AKA: Louis, King de Provence (Abbott, Page 499.). AKA: Louis III, Emperor of the West Louis III was emperor (Ibid.). Born: in 882, son of Boson, King de Provence and Ermengarde=Trungard, Princess of Italy. Note - between 0890 and 0905: Louis III was elected the King of Provence in 890, and then had himself crowned King of Italy in 900 at Pavie. He received the imperial crown as Emperor of the Occident in Rome in 901. In 903, his rival Bérenger captured him and had his eyes pulled out (hence the name) in 905. Married circa 900: Anna de l'orient,, daughter of Léo VI, Empereur de l'orient and Zoe Tzautzina. Married before 19 Jan 914: Adélaïde, Princesse de Bourgogne,, daughter of Rudolphe I, King de Bourgogne and Willa de Vienne (Adélaïde was Louis III's second wife). Died: on 5 Jun 928 at Vienne, Isère, Dauphiné, France Anna 10 de l'orient (, Personal Research. References, Encyclopedic Research.) (Stuart, Page 187, Line ). AKA: Anna de Byzantium (Stuart, Page 14.). Married Name: Italy. Born: before 886, daughter of Léo VI, Empereur de l'orient and Zoe Tzautzina, Anna is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Charles was born. Married circa 900: Louis III, King of Italy,, son of Boson, King de Provence and Ermengarde=Trungard, Princess of Italy Garnier=Warinus, Count 10 de Troyes (Stuart, Page 132, Line ) (Stuart, Page 132. ). AKA: Garnier, Vicomte de Sens. Born: circa 868, son of Richard, Vicomte de Troyes and N? N? (Stuart.). Married before 900: Teutberge d'arles,, daughter of Thibaud, Count de Bourgogne and Berthe, Princess de Lorraine. Died: on 6 Dec 925 at France Garnier was slain in battle with the Normans Teutberge 10 d'arles (Stuart, Page 133, Line ). Married Name: de Troyes. Born: before 885 at France, daughter of Thibaud, Count de Bourgogne and Berthe, Princess de Lorraine, Teutberge is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age when her son, Hughes, was born. Married before 900: Garnier=Warinus, Count de Troyes,, son of Richard, Vicomte de Troyes and N? N? Died: before 30 Sep Ingelger, Count 10 d'anjou (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.) (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 4 16:10 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed, G. Paget "Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales."). AKA: Ingelger, Vicomte d'orléans (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 212.). AKA: Ingelger, Prefet de Tours (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 213.). Born: in 845 at Anjou, France, son of Tertulle d'auxerre and Pétronille de Bourgogne, Ingelger was a lieutenant of King Robert de France. Married before 869 at France: Adelinde=Adèle de Châtillon-sur-Indre,, daughter of Fouques, Comte Palatine de Châtillon-sur-Indre and N? d'amboise. Note - before 888: cites in part the work of Elizabeth Hallam's "The Plantagenet Chronicles" [ISBN: ] for alleging the House of Anjou as "a House of Devils" -- 'From the Devil they came, and to the Devil they will return'. This saying about the Counts of Anjou by Gérald of Wales, refers to the legend that the Angevin Counts and kings were descended from the daughter of Satan. In Gerald's story, an early count of Anjou returned from a journey with a woman, Melusine, famous for her beauty, whom he married. There were many strange things about her, the most shocking of which was that she was always absent from Mass at the consecration of the Host. Her true identity was discovered when her husband forced her to stay and see the body of Christ -- a sight no evil spirit could contemplate. Melusine flew screaming out of the window and was never seen again. She left behind two sons, from whom the later counts were descended. Other, more complimentary legends were chronicled in the 12th. Century by the family's official historian, Thomas des Loches (ca. 1130) and Jean de Marmoutier (ca ), and usually tell of soldierly prowess -- for instance how Comte Geoffroy "Grisgonel" (ca ), single-handedly fought and killed a giant, Ethelulf. An earlier historian of the House of Anjou, Comte Foulques Réchin ( ), admitted that he knew nothing of the first three of his line, Ingelger=engeuger, who is said to have been granted the title of Comte d'anjou in the late 9th. Century, his son Foulques "Le Roux", and Foulques "Le Bon" who ruled from 941 to 960. Died: in Adelinde=Adèle 10 de Châtillon-sur-Indre (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.). AKA: Adèle de Busançais. AKA: Adélaïs d'amboise. Married Name: d'anjou. AKA: Adèle, Dame de Busançois ( Born: in 844 at Châtillon-sur-Indre, Berry, France, daughter of Fouques, Comte Palatine de Châtillon-sur-Indre and N? d'amboise. Married before 869 at France: Ingelger, Count d'anjou,, son of Tertulle d'auxerre and Pétronille de Bourgogne Garnier = Warnar, Seigneur 10 de Loches (André Roux: Scrolls.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 224, 225.). AKA: Garnier, Seigneur de La Haye. AKA: Werner, Seigneur de Villandry. AKA: Garnier, Seigneur de Villentrois (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 225.). Born: circa 855 at Loches, Indre-et-Loire, Touraine, France, son of Adalard, Seigneur de Loches and N? N? (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 225, 244.). Married before 873 at France: Toscanda N? Died: before 929 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 225.) Toscanda 10 N? (Stuart, Page 125, Line ). Married Name: de Loches. Born: before 859 Toscanda is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Roscille was born. Married before 873 at France: Garnier = Warnar, Seigneur de Loches,, son of Adalard, Seigneur de Loches and N? N?

39 700. Albéric, Dux 10 d'orléans (Stuart, Page 37, Line ). AKA: Aubri, Vicomte d'orléans. Born: between 0855 and 0860 at France, son of Geoffrey? d'orléans and N? N?, Albéric witnessed the Charter of Odon, Abbot of Saint Martin in the year 886 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 244.). Married before 886: N? N? Died: after 886 (Stuart.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 241.) N? 10 N? Married before 886: Albéric, Dux d'orléans,, son of Geoffrey? d'orléans and N? N? 702. Hector 10 d'arverne. Born: before 850. Married before 870: Hava, Abbess d'aquitaine,, daughter of Bernard II, Count d'auvergne and Ermengarde de Mâcon Hava, Abbess 10 d'aquitaine. Married Name: d'arverne. AKA: Aba de Gothie (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 247.). Born: circa 865, daughter of Bernard II, Count d'auvergne and Ermengarde de Mâcon (Ibid.). Married before 870: Hector d'arverne. AKA: Aba, Abbess de Sauxillanges (Ibid.). Died: circa Liudolf, Dux 10 de Saxe. AKA: Ludolph, Count von Herzfeld (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.). Born: in 816, son of Viguebert, Dux de Saxe and Simicille de Frisé, Liudolf'd parentage is in question with some sources asserting he was the son of Viguebert by Simicille while others claim he was the son of Bruno, by Oda. Married before 835: Oda de Franconia, Princess d'austrasie,, daughter of Billung, Count de Turinge and Aeda N? Died: between 0866 and 0880 Liudolf is buried at Brunohaussen Oda de Franconia, Princess 10 d'austrasie (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 69, Line ) (Rosamond.). Married Name: de Saxe. Born: in 806, daughter of Billung, Count de Turinge and Aeda N? (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.). Married before 835: Liudolf, Dux de Saxe,, son of Viguebert, Dux de Saxe and Simicille de Frisé. Died: either 0912 or 0913 According to Perro's sources, Oda was 107 years old when she died in 913 (Ibid.) Berthold, Pfalzgrave 10 de Souabe (Stuart, Page 197, Line ). Born: before 868 Berthold is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Kunigonde was born. Married before 883: N? N? 739. N? 10 N? Married before 883: Berthold, Pfalzgrave de Souabe Hunroch=Unrouch II, Margrave 10 de Friuli (Stuart, Page 198, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, "9th/10th Centy.Kings" posted on 14 February 1994 at 19:54 Hours.). Born: in 839, son of Éberhard, Marquis de Friuli and Gisèle=Gisela de Bavière. Married before 872: Ava N?,, daughter of Liutfried, Duke N? and N? N? Died: in Ava 10 N? (Stuart, Page 198, Line ). Married Name: de Friuli. Born: before 858, daughter of Liutfried, Duke N? and N? N?, Ava is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Eberhard was born. Married before 872: Hunroch=Unrouch II, Margrave de Friuli,, son of Éberhard, Marquis de Friuli and Gisèle=Gisela de Bavière Lothar, Count 10 von Stade (Stuart, Page 9, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 6 July 18:40 Hours.). Born: before 860 Lothar is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age when he died. Married before 880: Oda de Saxe,, daughter of Liudolf, Dux de Saxe and Oda de Franconia, Princess d'austrasie. Died: on 2 Feb 880 at Ebsdorf, Germany, Lothar was slain in battle Oda 10 de Saxe (Stuart, Page 215, Line ). Married Name: von Stade. Born: before 865, daughter of Liudolf, Dux de Saxe and Oda de Franconia, Princess d'austrasie, Oda is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Lothar I was born. Died: after 874. Married before 880: Lothar, Count von Stade Bruno I, Count 10 d'iverfort (Stuart, Page 198, Line ). Born: before 894 Bruno I is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his son Bruno was born. Married before 912: N? N? 749. N? 10 N? Married before 912: Bruno I, Count d'iverfort Poppo II, Margrave of 10 Sorbenmark (Stuart, Page 78, Line ). Born: before 886, son of Poppo I, Count von Saalgau and N? N?, Poppo II was alive in the year 903, and is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age by the time his son Poppo III was born. Married before 906: N? N? Died: circa 906 Poppo II was alive in the year N? 10 N? Married before 906: Poppo II, Margrave of Sorbenmark,, son of Poppo I, Count von Saalgau and N? N? 784. Mayeul, Vicomte 10 de Narbonne (Stuart, Page 77, Line ) (Stuart.) (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 1., Citing NEHGR 99:34-37.). AKA: Mayeul, Vicomte de Raimodis (Abbott, Page 212.). AKA: Mayeul de Mâcon (Ibid.). Born: before 833, son of Liévin, Vicomte de Narbonne and N? N?, Mayeul is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his son Albéric was born. Married before 850: Raymonde=Raimodis N? PaterAlter before 893 Mayeul, Vicomte de Narbonne/Francon II, Vicomte de Narbonne (an unknown value). Died: on 15 Jun 911 at France (Stuart, Page 77.) Raymonde=Raimodis 10 N? (Stuart, Page 77, Line ). Married Name: de Narbonne. Born: before 836 Raymonde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her son Albéric was born. Married before 850: Mayeul, Vicomte de Narbonne,, son of Liévin, Vicomte de Narbonne and N? N? MaterAlter: before 893 Francon II, Vicomte de Narbonne/Raymonde=Raimodis N? Died: circa 911 According to Royalty for Commoners, Raymonde died before 911. According to the Archives, Raymonde and Mayeul-Maïeul were married circa 850, and they were both cited in a charter which referenced itself to the

40 twelfth year of Rodolfe II, King de la Bourgogne Transjurane who ascended to the throne in 912. The benedictines, authors of "L'Art de vérifier les dates" noted the error made by Guichenon who attributed the date of this charter to the 12th year of Rodolfe I, which would have been 899. However, they themselves erred in applying the year 935, 12th year of Raoul=Rodolfe, King of France. There is no perfect agreement among the synchronies expressed in this charter other than the 12th. year of Rodolfe II. On the other hand, it is certain that Ermengarde, first wife of Comte Letalde no longer existed as of 931 (Stuart.) (M. Lainé (Pub), Archives Généalogiques et Historiques, Tome Quatrième (Volume 4), MDCCCXXXIV (1834), De Villeneuve, Pages 6-7 (footnote).) Ranulf, Vicomte 10 de Mâcon (Stuart, Page 77, Line ). AKA: Racoux, Comte de Mâcon (Abbott, Page 212.). Born: before 837. Married before 854: N? N? Died: in N? 10 N? Married before 854: Ranulf, Vicomte de Mâcon Théodoric, Count 10 d'autun (André Roux: Scrolls.). AKA: Théodoric, Count de Chalon. AKA: Théodoric, Count de Mâcon. Born: before 846 at France, son of Thierry I, Count d'autun and Auda N?, Théodoric is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age by the time his son, Manasses, was born. Married before 865: N? de Metz,, daughter of Beuve=Bouin, Comte de Bourgogne and Richilde d'arles N? 10 de Metz (Ibid.). Married Name: d'autun. Born: before 864, daughter of Beuve=Bouin, Comte de Bourgogne and Richilde d'arles, She is presumed to have been born before her father was 50 years of age. Married before 865: Théodoric, Count d'autun,, son of Thierry I, Count d'autun and Auda N? 792. Regenald 10 de Roucy (Stuart, Page 81, Line ). Born: before 886 Regenald is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Achard was born. Married before 900: N? N? Note - before 960: Regenald was a Viking who established the House of Roucy in Burgundy. Died: on 10 May 967 at France Régenald is buried at the Abbey of Saint-Rémy N? 10 N? Married before 900: Regenald de Roucy Rainier I, Count 10 de Hainaut (André Roux: Scrolls, 115, 191.) (Stuart, Page 153, Line ). AKA: Régnier I, Dux de Lotharingie. AKA: Reginar, Graff im Hennegau. AKA: Ragnar I, Duke de Lorraine. Also Known As: Rainier "Au Long Col" (Abbott, Page 558.). Born: before 860 at Belgium, son of Gilbert II, Count de Lotharingie and Ermengarde, Duchesse de Lorraine, Rainier I is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age when he married Hersente. Married before 875: Hersente, Princesse de France,, daughter of Charles II, King de France and Ermentrude d'orléans (Hersente was Rainier I's first wife). Married in 876: Albérade, Duchesse de Lorraine (Albérade was Rainier I's second wife). Died: between 0915 and 0916 at Meerssen, Palatine, Limburg, Belgium, Rainier I was alive in the year Albérade, Duchesse 10 de Lorraine (Stuart, Page 153, Line ). Married Name: de Hainaut. AKA: Albrada de Mons. Born: before 866 at France Albérade is presumed to have been at least 10 years of age when she married Rainier I. Married in 876: Rainier I, Count de Hainaut,, son of Gilbert II, Count de Lotharingie and Ermengarde, Duchesse de Lorraine (Albérade was Rainier I's second wife). Died: after 916 Albérade was a widow in the year Henri I, Duke 10 de Saxe (André Roux: Scrolls, 79, 113.) (Augé.) (Stuart, Page 69, Line ) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page 407.). AKA: Henry I, King of Germany. AKA: Henry I, Emperor of the West. AKA: Henri "l'oiseleur." Born: in 876 at Saxe, Germany, son of Otton, Dux de Saxe and Hadwige=Hathui, Princess de Bavière. Married in 909 at Germany: Mathilde, Countess de Ringelheim,, daughter of Théodoric, Count de Ringelheim and Gisèle de Lorraine (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.). Note - between 0919 and 0936: Henri I became King of Germany upon the death of Conrad I de Saxe in 919. He was King of Germany: , and founded the Saxon dynasty. King Conrad I designated Henri as his successor in 918 because Henri, as Duke of Saxony, was the only prince strong enough to give order to the East Frankish territories (Germany). Elected King by the Saxons and the Franconians, he quickly forced the duchies of Bavaria and Swabia to acknowledge him. In 925, he seized Lotharingie from the West Franks (France), and won the submission of Bohemia. He defeated the Magyar (933 at Riade), the Slavs and the Danes (934). Married before 936: Hatheburg N? Died: on 2 Jul 936 at Memleben, Saxe, Germany Mathilde, Countess 10 de Ringelheim (André Roux: Scrolls, 113.) (Stuart, Page 239, Line ). Married Name: de Saxe. Born: circa 894 at Memleben, Westphalia, daughter of Théodoric, Count de Ringelheim and Gisèle de Lorraine. Married in 909 at Germany: Henri I, Duke de Saxe,, son of Otton, Dux de Saxe and Hadwige=Hathui, Princess de Bavière (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 28 15:06 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed.). Died: on 14 Mar 968 at Quedlinburg, Germany Ingelger, Count 10 d'anjou (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.) (Perro, Ancient, Royal, Colonial Ancestry, Page 4 16:10 Hrs], Citing A.G. Moriarty: "The Ancestry of King Edward III, The Plantagenets"; F. Weiss & W.L. Sheppard "Ancestral Roots of 60 Colonists:, 5th. Ed, G. Paget "Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales."). AKA: Ingelger, Vicomte d'orléans (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 212.). AKA: Ingelger, Prefet de Tours (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 213.). Born: in 845 at Anjou, France, son of Tertulle d'auxerre and Pétronille de Bourgogne, Ingelger was a lieutenant of King Robert de France. Married before 869 at France: Adelinde=Adèle de Châtillon-sur-Indre,, daughter of Fouques, Comte Palatine de Châtillon-sur-Indre and N? d'amboise. Note - before 888: cites in part the work of Elizabeth Hallam's "The Plantagenet Chronicles" [ISBN: ] for alleging the House of Anjou as "a House of Devils" -- 'From the Devil they came, and to the Devil they will return'. This saying about the Counts of Anjou by Gérald of Wales, refers to the legend that the Angevin Counts and kings were descended from the daughter of Satan. In Gerald's story, an early count of Anjou returned from a journey with a woman, Melusine, famous for her beauty, whom he married. There were many strange things about her, the most shocking of which was that she was always absent from Mass at the consecration of the Host. Her true identity was discovered when her husband forced her to stay and see the body of Christ -- a sight no evil spirit could contemplate. Melusine flew screaming out of the window and was never seen again. She left behind two sons, from whom the later counts were descended. Other, more complimentary legends were chronicled in the 12th. Century by the family's official historian, Thomas des Loches (ca. 1130) and Jean de Marmoutier (ca ), and usually tell of soldierly prowess -- for instance how Comte

41 Geoffroy "Grisgonel" (ca ), single-handedly fought and killed a giant, Ethelulf. An earlier historian of the House of Anjou, Comte Foulques Réchin ( ), admitted that he knew nothing of the first three of his line, Ingelger=engeuger, who is said to have been granted the title of Comte d'anjou in the late 9th. Century, his son Foulques "Le Roux", and Foulques "Le Bon" who ruled from 941 to 960. Died: in Adelinde=Adèle 10 de Châtillon-sur-Indre (André Roux: Scrolls, 147.) (Paul Theroff, posts, 10 July 1994 at 00:34 Hours.). AKA: Adèle de Busançais. AKA: Adélaïs d'amboise. Married Name: d'anjou. AKA: Adèle, Dame de Busançois ( Born: in 844 at Châtillon-sur-Indre, Berry, France, daughter of Fouques, Comte Palatine de Châtillon-sur-Indre and N? d'amboise. Married before 869 at France: Ingelger, Count d'anjou,, son of Tertulle d'auxerre and Pétronille de Bourgogne Garnier = Warnar, Seigneur 10 de Loches (André Roux: Scrolls.) (Stuart, Page 125, Line ) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 224, 225.). AKA: Garnier, Seigneur de La Haye. AKA: Werner, Seigneur de Villandry. AKA: Garnier, Seigneur de Villentrois (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 225.). Born: circa 855 at Loches, Indre-et-Loire, Touraine, France, son of Adalard, Seigneur de Loches and N? N? (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Pages 225, 244.). Married before 873 at France: Toscanda N? Died: before 929 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 225.) Toscanda 10 N? (Stuart, Page 125, Line ). Married Name: de Loches. Born: before 859 Toscanda is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Roscille was born. Married before 873 at France: Garnier = Warnar, Seigneur de Loches,, son of Adalard, Seigneur de Loches and N? N? 804. Albéric, Dux 10 d'orléans (Stuart, Page 37, Line ). AKA: Aubri, Vicomte d'orléans. Born: between 0855 and 0860 at France, son of Geoffrey? d'orléans and N? N?, Albéric witnessed the Charter of Odon, Abbot of Saint Martin in the year 886 (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 244.). Married before 886: N? N? Died: after 886 (Stuart.) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 241.) N? 10 N? Married before 886: Albéric, Dux d'orléans,, son of Geoffrey? d'orléans and N? N? 806. Hector 10 d'arverne. Born: before 850. Married before 870: Hava, Abbess d'aquitaine,, daughter of Bernard II, Count d'auvergne and Ermengarde de Mâcon Hava, Abbess 10 d'aquitaine. Married Name: d'arverne. AKA: Aba de Gothie (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Settipani, Christain: Chapter 11: " Les comtes d'anjou et leurs alliances aux Xe et XIe siècles", Page 247.). Born: circa 865, daughter of Bernard II, Count d'auvergne and Ermengarde de Mâcon (Ibid.). Married before 870: Hector d'arverne. AKA: Aba, Abbess de Sauxillanges (Ibid.). Died: circa Herbert I, Lord 10 de Péronne (André Roux: Scrolls, 112, 192, 255.) (Rosamond.) (Stuart, Page 168, Line ) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page 424.). AKA: Herbert I, Count de Vermandois. AKA: Herbert I, Count de Soissons. AKA: Herbert I, Seigneur de Senlis. AKA: Herbert I, Lord de Saint-Quentin. Born: circa 840 at Péronne, Somme, Picardie, France, son of Pépin II, Lord de Péronne and N? N?, Péronne was taken by Wellington in 1815 and by the Germans in January, It was occupied again by them from 24 September 1914 to 8 September Married before 880 at France: Béatrice de Morvois,, daughter of Guérin I, Count de Morvois and Eve de Roussillon. Died: either 0890 or 0902 Herbert I was murdered [some sources say in 890, others claim it was in 902] Béatrice 10 de Morvois (Stuart, Page 194, Line ) (Leana Randall, Prodigy Post, 22 July 1994 at 00:09 Hours.). Married Name: de Péronne. Born: circa 862, daughter of Guérin I, Count de Morvois and Eve de Roussillon. Married before 880 at France: Herbert I, Lord de Péronne,, son of Pépin II, Lord de Péronne and N? N?

42 Robert I, King of the Francs Robert I, King 10 de France (André Roux: Scrolls, 79.) (Augé, Tome 1, Page 676.) (Stuart, Page 127, Line ) (Castelot, Tome 1, Page ). AKA: Robert, King de Neustrie. AKA: Robert I, Comte de Paris. AKA: Robert I, Comte de Poitiers. AKA: Robert I, Marquis d'orléans. Born: circa 865 at Angers, Anjou, France, son of Robert, Count de Blois and Adélaïde=Aélis de Tours, Robert was alive in the year 865. Married before 887: Adèle=Aénis N? Married in 890: Béatrice de Vermandois,, daughter of Herbert I, Lord de Péronne and Béatrice de Morvois (Béatrice was Robert's second wife). Note - between 0910 and 0923 at France: In 903, The Normands burned the famous Abbey de Saint-Martin in Tours. In 910, Rollon, the Dane Hrolf, attacks Paris but is pushed back by Robert and his forces. In 911, Rollon lays siege to Chartres, and the city is rescued by Robert with the help of the Bishop Gouteaume, who parades before the troops bearing the cloak of the Virgin Marry. The next day, Rollon is pushed back having lost 7,000 of his men. In 922, Robert plots against the King, Charles "Le Simple", and succeeds in rallying around him a number of malcontents. On 29 June 922, Robert is elected King by a faction of the Greats (assembly of nobles). Near Soissons, on 14 June 923, the two Kings fight and Robert is killed. Robert was King of Neustrie and the West Franks from 922 to 923. Died: on 14 Jun 923 at near Soissons, Aisne, Ile-de-France, France, Robert died at the Battle of Soissons while fighting against the troops of his foe King Charles "Le Simple" and his troops of Lorraine. His successor was an inlaw, Raoul, Duke de Bourgogne, Abbé de Saint-Germain-d'Auxerre Adèle=Aénis 10 N? (Stuart, Page 127, Line ). Married Name: de France. Born: before 872 Adèle is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Hildebrante was born. Married before 887: Robert I, King de France,, son of Robert, Count de Blois and Adélaïde=Aélis de Tours. Died: before Manasses, Comte 10 de Bourgogne (André Roux: Scrolls.). AKA: Manasses, Count d'autun. Born: before 866 at France, son of Théodoric, Count d'autun and N? de Metz, Manasses is presumed to have been at least 18 years of age by the time his son Gilbert was born. Married before 883: Ermengarde N? 813. Ermengarde 10 N? (Ibid.). Married Name: de Bourgogne. Born: before 869 at France Ermengarde is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter, Ermengarde was born. Married before 883: Manasses, Comte de Bourgogne,, son of Théodoric, Count d'autun and N? de Metz. Died: on 12 Apr Richard, Comte 10 d'autun (André Roux: Scrolls, 194.) (Stuart, Page 153, Line ). AKA: Richard, Count de Sens. AKA: Richard, Duke de Bourgogne (Abbott, Page 198.). Also Known As: Richard "Le Justicière." Born: before 864, son of Beuve=Bouin, Comte de Bourgogne and Richilde d'arles, Richard is presumed to have been born before his father was 50 years of age. Married before 888: Adélaïde d'auxerre,, daughter of Conrad II, Count d'auxerre and Waldrade=Vaudrie d'alsace. Died: on 1 Sep 921 at Flandre-Occidentale, Belgium Adélaïde 10 d'auxerre (André Roux: Scrolls, 194.) (Stuart, Page 215, Line ). Married Name: d'autun. AKA: Adélaïde de Bourgogne. Born: before 871 at France, daughter of Conrad II, Count d'auxerre and Waldrade=Vaudrie d'alsace. Married before 888: Richard, Comte d'autun,, son of

43 Beuve=Bouin, Comte de Bourgogne and Richilde d'arles. Died: circa Raoul, Comte 10 de Combray (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., posted by Thomas McPartlin [Prodigy ID# RRYW67A] under Subject "Vermandois", 11 April 1996 at 19:59 Hours.). AKA: Raoul de Cambrai. Born: circa 866. Married before 885: N? de Hainaut. Died: on 17 Jun 896 (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., by Thomas McPartlin [Prodigy ID# RRYW67A] ed on 16 April 1996 at 01:34 Hours.) N? 10 de Hainaut (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., posted by Thomas McPartlin [Prodigy ID# RRYW67A] under Subject "Vermandois", 11 April 1996 at 19:59 Hours.). Married Name: de Combray. Born: circa 865 at Belgium. Married before 885: Raoul, Comte de Combray Ralph 10 de Flandre (Encyclopedia.) (Stuart, Page 273, Line ). AKA: Rudolph, Count de Cambrai (Ibid.). Born: in 865, son of Baudouin I, Count de Flandre and Judith, Princess de France. Married before 896: N? N? Died: on 17 Jun N? 10 N? Married before 896: Ralph de Flandre,, son of Baudouin I, Count de Flandre and Judith, Princess de France Rollon=Rolf, Duke 10 de Normandie (André Roux: Scrolls, 149.) (Stuart, Page 123, Line ) (Rosamond, Page 237.) (Stuart.). AKA: Robert, Duke de Normandie. Also Known As: Rolf "The Ganger." AKA: Rollon, Count de Rouen. Born: circa 870 at Maer, Norway, son of Rognvald Eysteinsson and Rognhild=Hildir Hrolfsdotter. Note - between 0877 and 0918 at Normandie, France: Rollon=Rollo=Ranger Rolf was the first Duke of Normandy. The Territory of Normandie given to Rollon by King Charles III "Le Simple" in 911. Up to that time Normandie was part of the ancient territory of Neustrie. He took Rouen in 877, and was made a Count in 911. He is believed to have been a Norwegian or a Dane. In 910, he attacked Paris but was pushed back. In 911, he laid siege to Chartres, but Robert, Comte de Paris and the Bishop Gouteaume were able to defend the city. Rollon loses 7,000 men and retreats to Normandie. Rollon received baptism from Francon, Archbishop of Rouen and the Frankish name Robert in 912. Robert, Comte de Paris is his Godfather. The charter of Charles "Le Simple" dated 14 March 918 assigns land to St. Germain-des-Prés from the Pagus of Mersean, except that territory within the pagus already ceded to the Northmen of the Seine, namely Rollo. Married before 889: N? N? (She was Rollon's first wife). Married in 891: Popa de Bayeux,, daughter of Bérenger, Count de Bayeux and N? de Rennes (Popa was Rollon's second wife). Married in 912: Gisèle, Princesse de France,, daughter of Charles III, King de France and Frédérune de Lotharingie (Gisèle was Rollon's third wife). Married either 0912 or 0918: Popa de Bayeux,, daughter of Bérenger, Count de Bayeux and N? de Rennes (Rollon married Popa for the second time in 912 or 918, after having repudiated her from his first marriage). Died: in 931 at Neustrie Rollon is buried in Rouen (Abbott, Page 219.) Popa 10 de Bayeux (Stuart, Page 124, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 07 June 1995 at 14:10 Hours.). AKA: Popa, Duchess of Norway. Married Name: de Normandie. Born: circa 872 at Bayeux, Neustrie, daughter of Bérenger, Count de Bayeux and N? de Rennes. Married in 891: Rollon=Rolf, Duke de Normandie,, son of Rognvald Eysteinsson and Rognhild=Hildir Hrolfsdotter (Popa was Rollon's second wife). Married either 0912 or 0918: Rollon=Rolf, Duke de Normandie,, son of Rognvald Eysteinsson and Rognhild=Hildir Hrolfsdotter (Rollon married Popa for the second time in 912 or 918, after having repudiated her from his first marriage) Hubert, Comte 10 de Senlis (Genealogy BB of Prodigy Svcs., David Dowell posting on the Genealogy BB of the Prodigy Interactive Personal Service under Subject "Antrobus" on 7 January 1996 at 22:23 Hours.). Born: circa 852 at France. Married before 910: N? N? 867. N? 10 N? Married before 910: Hubert, Comte de Senlis Wilfred I, Count 10 d'urgel (Stuart, Page 38, Line 54-37; Page 243, Line ) (André Roux: Scrolls, 86.). AKA: Wilfred I, Count de Osona. AKA: Wilfred I, Count de Besalu. AKA: Wilfred I, Count de Barcelone. Also Known As: Wilfred "Le Velu." AKA: Guifred, Count de Cerdagne (Abbott, Page 480.). AKA: Guifred I, Marquis de La Marche d'espagne ( Born: before 843 at France, son of Sunier=Sunifred, Count d'urgel and Ermessende de Carcassonne. Married in 877: Gunidilde=Winilde de Flandre,, daughter of Baudouin I, Count de Flandre and Judith, Princess de France. Died: circa 23 Aug Gunidilde=Winilde 10 de Flandre (Stuart, Page 38, Line 54-37; Page 243, Line ). Married Name: d'urgel. Born: in 862, daughter of Baudouin I, Count de Flandre and Judith, Princess de France, Guinidilde is presumed to have been at least 13 years of age when her son, Wilfred II Borel, was born. Married in 877: Wilfred I, Count d'urgel,, son of Sunier=Sunifred, Count d'urgel and Ermessende de Carcassonne.

44 882. Ermengaud, Count 10 de Rouergue (André Roux: Scrolls, 136, 246.) (Abbott, Page 332.). AKA: Armengol de Toulouse (Paul Theroff, posts, 17 July 1994 at 19:02 Hours.). AKA: Ermengaud, Comte de Quercy (Abbott, Page 331.). AKA: Ermengaud, Comte de Gévaudan The County of Gévaudan comprised a considerable area of desolate country. One of the first counts of Javols was Palladius. Around 583, the County appears to have been held by Innocent, Bishop de Rodez. In 902, King Raoul invested Ermengaud de Rouergue. There was a competitor in the person of Acfred d'aquitaine who in 918 called himself Count. Before his death, Ermengaud had assured himself of the County (Abbott, Page 384.). Born: before 895 at Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, Languedoc, France, son of Odon=Eudes, Count de Toulouse and Garsinde, Comtesse d'albi, Ermengaud became Count in 919 and is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Richilde was born. Married before 910 at France: Adélaïs=Alaïs de Toulouse. Died: circa 932 at Rouergue, Guyenne, France Adélaïs=Alaïs 10 de Toulouse (André Roux: Scrolls, 136, 246.). Married Name: de Rouergue. Born: before 895 Adélaïs is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Richilde was born. Married before 910 at France: Ermengaud, Count de Rouergue,, son of Odon=Eudes, Count de Toulouse and Garsinde, Comtesse d'albi Raimond II, Count 10 de Toulouse (André Roux: Scrolls, 85.) (Paul Theroff, posts, 2 May 1994 at 14:37 Hours.). Born: between 0868 and 0880 at Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, Languedoc, France, son of Odon=Eudes, Count de Toulouse and Garsinde, Comtesse d'albi, Raimond II is presumed to have been at least 20 years old by the time his son Raymond, was born. Married before 899: Gunhilde d'urgel,, daughter of Bencion, Comte des Ampurias and Guindaille=Guinidilda de Roussillon. Note - between 0918 and 0923: Count of Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, Languedoc, France: Died: in 923 (Abbott, Page 371.) Gunhilde 10 d'urgel (Stuart, Page 232, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, 2 May 1994 at 14:37 Hours.) ( (Ibid.). Married Name: de Toulouse. Born: between 0880 and 0897, daughter of Bencion, Comte des Ampurias and Guindaille=Guinidilda de Roussillon, According to E.S. [via Paul Theroff], Gunhilde's parentage is not proven. Married before 899: Raimond II, Count de Toulouse,, son of Odon=Eudes, Count de Toulouse and Garsinde, Comtesse d'albi. Died: after Garcia Sanchez, Count 10 de Gascogne (Stuart, Page 208, Line ) ( (Ibid.). AKA: Garcia "Le Courbé" (Ibid.). Born: before 850 at Spain, son of Sanche III, Duke de Gascogne and Quisilo de Bueil, Garcia Sanchez is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Acibella was born. He was Duke from 893 to 920 (Ibid.). Married before 865: Aminiana de Périgord Aminiana 10 de Périgord (Stuart, Page 208, Line ) (Paul Theroff, posts, Posting in Subject "Spain & Portugal" on 5 March 1994 at 03:30 Hours.). Married Name: de Gascogne. Born: before 850 Aminiana is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time her daughter Acibella was born. Married before 865: Garcia Sanchez, Count de Gascogne,, son of Sanche III, Duke de Gascogne and Quisilo de Bueil Aznar, Count 10 de Consérans (Stuart, Page 209, Line ). AKA: Aznar III, Comte de Comminges (Abbott, Page 347.). Born: before 890, son of Loup Aznar, Comte de Comminges and N? N?, Aznar is presumed to have been at least 20 years of age by the time his son Arnold I was born. Married before 909: N? N? Died: after 944 Aznar III abdicated in 944 (Ibid.) N? 10 N? Married Name: de Consérans. Married before 909: Aznar, Count de Consérans,, son of Loup Aznar, Comte de Comminges and N? N? 890. Acfred I, Duke 10 d'aquitaine (Paul Theroff, posts.) (Richard, Histoire des Comtes de, 94, Page 95.). AKA: Acfred, Count d'auvergne (Abbott, Page 442.). AKA: Acfred II, Count de Carcassonne. Born: before 905 at France, son of Acfred I, Count de Bourges and Adélinde d'auvergne. Married before 926: N? N? Note - on 2 Oct 927: "Acfred dux Aquitanorum" donated property "pro anima genitore meo Acfredo et genitrice mea Adalindis et avunculis

45 meis Wilelmo et Guarino et fratribus meis Bernardo et Guilelmo" to Cluny by charter dated 2 Oct 927 (A. & Bruel, A. (Eds) Bernard, Recueil des chartes de l'abbaye de Cluny in no series (Paris: n.pub., ), Tome I, 286, Page 282.). Died: in 928 at France (Abbott, Page 302.) N? 10 N? Married before 926: Acfred I, Duke d'aquitaine,, son of Acfred I, Count de Bourges and Adélinde d'auvergne Hughes I, Count 10 du Maine (Stuart, Page 249, Line ) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Pages ) (Ibid.). AKA: Hughes I, Vicomte du Maine. Born: circa 887 at Maine, France, son of Roger, Count du Maine and Rothilde de Neustrie, Hughes I was alive in the year 900 and succeeded his father at that time according to a charter from King Charles "Le Simple", who was the immediate overlord of the Comte du Maine. In 924, the overlordship was granted to Hugh The Great by King Ralph (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Pages 191, ). Married before 905: N? du Maine. Note - between 0930 and 0938: In 930 and in 931, Hughes I subscribed charters of Hughes The Great of Paris together with Fulk of Anjou and Theobald of Blois. In 938, he briefly acted as Comte de Poitou to serve the political ends of Hugh The Great (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Page 194.). Died: in N? 10 du Maine (Ibid.). Born: circa 895. Married before 905: Hughes I, Count du Maine,, son of Roger, Count du Maine and Rothilde de Neustrie Alberto=Azzo, Count 10 de Lucca (Stuart, Page 71, Line ). Born: before 940 at Italy, son of Adalbert III, Margrave de Toscane and N? N?, Alberto was made Marquis (Marchese) in the year 960 by Bérenger. He is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his son Humbert was born. Married before 955: Guilla de Spoleto,, daughter of Bonifacio I, Duke de Spoleto and N? N? Died: circa Guilla 10 de Spoleto (Ibid.). Married Name: de Lucca. Born: before 928 at Spoleto, Italy, daughter of Bonifacio I, Duke de Spoleto and N? N? Married before 955: Alberto=Azzo, Count de Lucca,, son of Adalbert III, Margrave de Toscane and N? N? 930. Wiprand, Count 10 de Como (Stuart, Page 71, Line ). Born: before 940 at Italy, son of Olderado, Count de Como and Railinda de Verticilio, Wiprand is presumed to have been at least 15 years of age by the time his daughter Railinda was born. Married before 955: N? N? Died: in N? 10 N? Married before 955: Wiprand, Count de Como,, son of Olderado, Count de Como and Railinda de Verticilio Hughes II, Count 10 du Maine (Stuart, Page 249, Line ) (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Page 191.). Born: circa 906 at Maine, France, son of Hughes I, Count du Maine and N? du Maine, Hughes II was alive in the year 939. Married before 920: N? de Vermandois. Note - in 967: Hughes Capet and Hughes II subscribed to a sale by Gérard de Buzençais to the monks of Saint-Julien de Tours of an allod at Tais 9in Chemillé, Indreet-Loire), in 967. This is the last known attestation of Hugh II for the Dux Francorum Hugh Capet, though Hugh II continued to work with Geoffroi d'anjou and Thibaud de Blois until around 976, at which the the relationship between Anjou and Blois broke down irretrievably (Keats-Rohan, Family Trees and Roots, Keats-Rohan, Katharine S.B.: Chapter 10: " 'Un vassal sans histoire'?: Count Hugh II (c.940/ ) and the Origins of Angevin Overlordship in Maine", Page 197.). Died: circa N? 10 de Vermandois. Born: circa 905. Married before 920: Hughes II, Count du Maine,, son of Hughes I, Count du Maine and N? du Maine. Married Name: du Maine.