Plantagenets. Rulers of England WALLA Fall 2017 Mark & Sarita Levinthal

Transcription

1 Plantagenets Rulers of England WALLA Fall 2017 Mark & Sarita Levinthal

2 Pre-history of England Roman rule Saxon rule Dane and other Viking rule 2

3 Norman Conquest Who were the Normans? William s claim on the English throne Relationship between William and Pope Alexander II William s conquest of England Consequences of Norman rule 3

4 The Feudal System Social Classes Lords-noble owning land Vassals-Granted land (Fief) Serfs Freemen,Villeins,Bordars,slaves Waging War Cavalry, castles and sieges. Knights. The Role of the Church Religious institutions Church, State and heresy Pilgrimage and Crusades 4

5 Norman Administratition Norman Land Policies (Manors) Land divided by granting of honors or for defense New land acquired by war or marriage Secular Officials Earl, Dukes, and seneschals Justicier, chancellor and sheriffs 5

6 Henry II, the first Plantagenet king How Henry became King Argive Empire Disputes with the French kings Empire and Government Revision of Common Law Establishment, reform of courts Disputes with his sons 6

7 Henry and Thomas Beckett Becket named Archdeacon of Canterbury Appointed Lord Chancellor (1155) Archbishop of Canterbury (1162) The Controversy Rights of church courts, taxes Excommunication of Henry s supporters Murder of Beckett "Will no one rid me of the turbulent priest"? 7

8 Eleanor of Aquitaine Who she was? What made her so different from other women from that era? First marriage to Louis VII Papal anullments Second marriage to Henry II 8

9 Richard I (8 September April 1199) Early life and accession in Aquitaine King and Crusader Early Reign Later years and death Character and sexuality 9

10 William Marshal Earl of Pembroke Early Life as Knight Errant Service to Henry II Service to Richard I Servuce to John Service to John s son Henry III 10

11 Crusades Background Military Orders 12th century First Crusade ( ) and aftermath Third Crusade 13th century European campaigns Northern Crusades Albigensian Crusade Bosnian Crusade 11

12 John (24 December October 1216) Early Life During Richard s reign Robin Hood John as King Early reign ( ) Failure in France Later reign ( ) Administration Queralls with Barons Relationship with Innocent III 12

13 Stephen Langston (c July 1228) Early life and career Befriended by Innocent III Archbishophoric Controversy over appointment Role in Baron s revolt Scholarship Constitutions of Stephen Langston Sermons Historical works 13

14 Magna Carta Henry I Charter of Liberties Clause 61-Limited Monarchy Baron s Council of 25 protection of church rights protection from illegal imprisonment access to swift justice limitations on taxation 14 rights of serfs ( articles 16, 20, and 28)

15 Reign of Henry III ( ) Minority rule ( ) Early Rule ( ) Henry as King Personal rule ( ) Later rule ( ) 15

16 Simon de Montford Royal Marriage Crusades and turning against King War against the King Rule and parliamentary reform Fall from Power and Death 16

17 Edward I ( ) Civil war and crusades, Early reign, Conquest of Wales Colonization Government and law Later reign,

18 Reign of Edward II ( ) Early Reign ( ) Mid-reign ( ) Later reign ( ) Fall from power ( ) 18

19 The Black Death Orgin and Causes Political and Social Consequences Rise of the Middle Class Killing of Jews Appearance of Religious Fanatics 19

20 Edward III ( ) Early reign Fortunes of war Later reign Acheivements of the reign Assessments of character 20

21 Edward, The Black Prince Life Edward and Chivalry Major campaigns Illness and death 21

22 John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster Descendents Military commander in France Head of government King of Castile Duke of Aquitaine Relationship to Chaucer 22

23 Richard II ( ) Peasants' Revolt Coming of age First crisis of A fragile peace Second crisis of Overthrow and death Court culture Patronage and the arts Character and assess 23

24 Henry IV ( ) Relationship with Richard II Reign The previous ruler Rebellions Foreign relations Final illness and death Seniority in line from Edward II 24

25 Henry V Supposed riotous youth Accession to the throne Domestic policy Foreign affairs Diplomacy Campaigns in France 1415 campaign Diplomacy and command of the sea campaign 1421 campaign and death 25

26 Henry VI Child King Assumption of government and French policies Marriage to Margaret of Anjou Ascendancy of Suffolk and Somerset Insanity, and the ascendancy of York Wars of the Roses Return to the throne Imprisonment and death Legacy 26

27 Joan of Arc Life Rise Military campaigns Capture Trial Cross-dressing charge 2.6 Execution Posthumous events Retrial Canonization 27

28 Edward IV Reign Overview Character Legitamacy 28

29 Richard III Life during the Reign of Edward IV Accession Rebellion of 1483 Death at the Battle of Bosworth Field Succession Legacy Reputation Discovery of remains 29

30 The Legacy of the Plantagenets 30

31 The end of the Middle Ages in Britain 31

32 Roman Rule 32

33 Saxon Rule 33

34 Danish Rule/Viking Invasions 34

35 Argive Empire 35

36 Norman Conquest of England 36

37 Latin and Byzantine Empires

38 Near East between Fisrst and second Crusade 38

39 Crusader Lands 39

40 John Loses Normandy 40

41 Edward I Crusade 41

42 Wales Before Conquest Llywelyn Princepality Conquered by Llwelyn Llywelyn s Vassels Marcher Lords King s Lordships 42

43 Norman Castle Wales 43

44 Trebuchet 44

45 Harlech Castle Caernarford Castle Conway Town Walls 45

46 Bayeux Tapistry 46

47 Eleanor of Acquitapne Queen consort of France ( ) and England ( ) and Duchess of Aquitaine i 47

48 Henry II First Plantagenet 48

49 Murder of Beckett 49

50 Edward I 50

51 Decendants-John of Gant First wife Blanche of Lancaster Queen Philippa of Portugal King Edward of Portugal subsequent Port. kings Henry IV Second wife Constance of Castile Queen Catherine of Castile married to King Henry III of Castile, Son King John II subsequent monarchs Joanna the Mad, ancestor of the Habsburg Third wife Catherine Swnford Joan Beaufort Grandsons-Edward IV, Richard III John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somersetr Margaret mother Henry VII (Tutor House) Joan, Queen of Scotland Scotland(1437),England Present) Ancestor to Lancaster, York and Tutor Succeded Richard II (1399) 51