שמות GOING THE EXTRA MILE SHEMOS. In this sicha you will learn:

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1 GOING THE EXTRA MILE Every element of Galus can be exchanged for similar struggles within Torah learning. Through serving Hashem properly, the Jewish People essentially make Galus unnecessary. שמות SHEMOS In this sicha you will learn: CONTENT» How each of the physical struggles that we endure in Galus can be exchanged for spiritual work.» The power and importance of going beyond one s comfort zone.» Structure phrases. LESSON SKILLS» How to practice reading from the Yiddish on your own. לקוטי שיחות חלק א פרשת שמות י"א-י"ז LIKUTEI SICHOS VOL. 1, PAGE 115 NUMBERS 11-17

2 לקוטי שיחות חלק א פרשת שמות י"א-י"ז Skills יא. אין סיום פון היינטיקער סדרה שטייט, א ז משה רבנו הא ט געפרעגט ביי דעם אויבערשטן, למה הרעתה לעם הזה, און אויף דעם הא ט אים דער אויבערשטער געענטפערט (בהתחלת פ וארא): אני הוי', וארא גו בא ל שדי ושמי הוי לא נודעתי להם גו וידעתם כי אני הוי. ווערט דערקלערט אין תורה אור, 1 א ז ביי מתן תורה איז א נטפ לעקט געווא רן דער שם הוי (ווא ס צו די אבות איז ער ניט נתגלה געווא רן), ובכדי עס זא ל קענען זיין דער גילוי וידעתם כי אני הוי הא ט מען געמוזט הא בן די הכנה פון גלות מצרים הרעתה לעם הזה. און ער פירט דא רטן אויס, א ז דא ס איז אויך דער טעם אויף אריכות גלות האחרון, ווא ס דא ס איז א הכנה צו די גילויים פון לעתיד. יב. יעדער ענין אין תורה איז א ן אמת ער און א ן אייביקער. פון דעם איז 1 נו, ד. פא רשטא נדיק, א ז א קשיא אין תורה, כא טש ס איז דא אויף איר א תירוץ, פונדעסטוועגן בלייבט נא ך א לץ א ן א רט אויף דער קשיא. ווי כ ק מו ח אדמו ר הא ט א מא ל געזא גט אין א שבועות דיקער התוועדות, וועגן דער קשיא ווא ס שטייט אין תורת החסידות, פא רווא ס הא ט מען ניט קובע געווען שמח"ת אום שבועות זמן מתן תורתנו, א ז וויבא לד די קשיא שטייט אין תורה, איז הגם עס איז פא רא ן אויף איר א תירוץ, פונדעסטוועגן איז נא ך א לץ פא רא ן א ן א רט צו זא גן א ז שמחת תורה זא ל זיין שבועות און א זוי אויך דא : וויבא לד אז די קשיא למה הרעת שטייט אין תורה, איז אויך נא כן תירוץ פון וארא גו', הא ט נא ך א לץ א ן א רט די טענה, למה הרעתה. יג. איינער פון די טעמים אויף דעם איז: הגם מען דא רף טא קע הא בן דעם שעבוד הגלות ווייל דא ס איז א הכנה צו די גילויים דלעתיד, פונדעסטוועגן, 3 ultimate truth, the question remains valid even after it is answered. (This is what the Frierdiker Rebbe pointed out regarding the question raised in Chassidus: Why wasn t Simchas Torah established on Shavuos, the time of the giving of the Torah? Although the question has been answered, there is still room to say that Simchas Torah should be on Shavuos.) The same applies to the question that Moshe asked Hashem הרעתה.למה Even after Hashem has explained to Moshe that Galus serves as a preparation for the revelations that will come, there is still room for the question to be asked. (Throughout this sicha, the Rebbe explains that the question Why is a physical Galus necessary? remains valid even after all explanations have been given. We do not need this physical Galus! We can accomplish all of the necessary preparations for the Geulah through spiritual avodah.) One reason why this question remains valid is as follows: As 3 was explained above, the Jewish People must go through servitude and suffering in Galus in order to elevate themselves and prepare themselves for the revelations of the Geulah. However, this explanation is not satisfactory on its own, because the necessary 1 2 STRUCTURE PHRASES איינער פון די טעמים אויף דעם איז.1 Translation: One of the reasons for this is. אין [סיום פון] היינטיקע סדרה שטייט.2 Translation: In (the end of) this week s parshah it says. Introducing a(n) S = Statement לויט דעם וועט מען אויך פארשטיין.3 Translation: Based on this we will also be able to understand. לכאורה איז ניט מובן.4 Translation: Seemingly it is not understood. Introducing a(n) Q = Question. CLASSICAL CONCEPTS The Concepts section outlines the general content of the sicha. Until now, it was suggested to read through the Concepts section before starting each section of the sicha, in order to serve as a guideline throughout the learning experience. However, the ultimate goal is to be able to learn any sicha without a prior synopsis. Therefore, the task this week is to learn a section or two of the sicha without reading the Concepts section beforehand. Instead, the Concepts section should be read after, as a relatively quick chazarah, as well as a point of reference to ascertain that the sicha was understood correctly. 2

3 טייטשן Translations LIKUTEI SICHOS VOL. 1, PAGE 115 NUMBERS Although כאטש On it אויף איר Nevertheless פונדעסטוועגן Still remains בלייבט נאך אלץ A place אן ארט The Frierdiker Rebbe כ"ק מו"ח אדמו"ר Regarding וועגן Why פארוואס Established קובע Since וויבאלד Although הגם Should be זאל זיין So too אזוי אויך After נאכן One of איינער פון 3 Must דארף Since ווייל 1 אין סיום In the end Today s States Asked Why do You do evil to this people? On this Answered Is clarified/explained Was revealed Was not revealed Can be Needed to have He finishes off there Lengthiness היינטיקער שטייט געפרעגט למה הרעתה לעם הזה אויף דעם געענטפערט ווערט דערקלערט אנטפלעקט געווארן ניט נתגלה געווארן קענען זיין געמוזט האבן ער פירט דארטן אויס אריכות 2 יעדער Every Everlasting Understood אייביקער פארשטאנדיק Concepts At the end of this week s parsha, the Torah למה Hashem: 1 relates that Moshe asked nation? Why do You do evil to this הרעתה לעם הזה (I.e. Why do You make them suffer in Galus Mitzrayim?) Hashem responded by informing him that His name is,יהו-ה and that although He had revealed Himself as שד-י to the Avos, He would ultimately reveal His higher name יהו-ה to the Jewish People and redeem them from Galus Mitzrayim. The Alter Rebbe explains in Torah Or that Hashem indeed revealed His name יהו-ה to the Jewish People during Matan Torah. Because this great revelation had never before been experienced by the world even by the Avos the Jewish People had to prepare for it beforehand by experiencing Galus Mitzrayim. 1 The Alter Rebbe goes on to say that this is also the reason the Jewish People have been in this final exile for so long to prepare for the great revelations they will merit in the final Geulah. Every single detail mentioned in the Torah 2 is everlasting and true. This also applies to a question that is mentioned in the Torah, even if the question has been answered. Since the question was asked in the Torah, which is the IDEAS & INSIGHTS 1. When Hashem gave us the Torah, He did not merely give us a set of new laws to follow. He also entirely changed the way the world would run. Until then, there had been a barrier between the holy and the physical: the holy could not be drawn down into this world and the physical could not be elevated. Since the giving of the Torah, however, every mitzvah that we do draws down G-dliness into this world and elevates the very physical items that we use to perform the mitzvah. The world is therefore elevated and refined through every mitzvah that is performed, but the ultimate level of this transformation will only occur when Mashiach comes. In order to prepare the Jewish People for such a fundamental change, it was necessary that they spend time enslaved in Egypt. Egypt is referred to as a הברזל,כור a melting pot in which gold is purified and refined. Naturally, gold has dirt and other substances attached to it and, by being melted down, the gold is separated from the dirt. The same is true of the Jewish people. Before receiving the Torah they had to be refined from any dirt that was attached to them. This was achieved through the hardships of slavery, which served as the melting pot to achieve their refinement. 3

4 לקוטי שיחות חלק א פרשת שמות י"א-י"ז Skills קען מען דא ך דא ס א בער אומבייטן אויפן גייסטיקן שיעבוד. ווי ער דערקלערט אין תורה אור 2 די א לע פ רטי השעבוד פון וימררו את חייהם בעבודה קשה בחומר ובלבנים ובכל עבודה בשדה אין רוחניות: וימררו את חייהם היא התורה כי היא חיינו, בעבודה קשה דא קושיא, בחומר דא קל וחומר, ובכל עבודה בשדה דא ברייתא, ובלבנים דא ליבון הלכתא, עיין שם באריכות. יד. א זוי ווי דעם ענין הגלות כפ שוטו קען מען אומבייטן אויף די ענינים ברוחניות, א זוי אויך יגיעת וטרדת הפרנסה (ווא ס דא ס איז דער עיקר 2 מט, א. הגלות ( 3 קען מען אומבייטן אויף יגיעה וטרדא אין תורה. דער עיקר פון טרדת הפרנסה איז דא ך דער רבות מחשבות בלב איש, 4 ביז א ז ער ווייס ניט ווי צו טא ן קען מען דא ס אומבייטן אויף יגיעה וטרדא אין תורה. ער זא ל זיך מייגע זיין אין תורה, ביז א ז ביי אים וועט ווערן א סברא לכאן און א סברא לכאן, און ער וועט ניט קענען מכריע זיין, ווא ס דא ס איז מייגע ומטריד ביותר. דער רא גא טשא ווער גאון הא ט א מא ל געזא גט, א ז דער שווערסטער טא ג פון ווא ך איז ביי אים שבת. 3 תורה אור ח, ד. 4 ד"ה מים רבים תרל"ו בתחלתו. 5 most difficult aspect of earning a livelihood is having to make a decision but not knowing what to decide. A person can exchange these dilemmas for those of Torah study: When he delves deeply into his learning and explores the Torah thoroughly, he may understand something in two ways but not know which one is correct. This kind of dilemma is strenuous; it parallels a dilemma that affects one s livelihood. (Here the Rebbe is bringing another example of how the necessary physical struggles can be achieved through corresponding spiritual struggles, thus reiterating the point that a physical Galus is not necessary.) 5 On the topic of Torah dilemmas, the Rogachover Gaon4 used to say that Shabbos was the hardest day for him. On any other day of the week, when ideas constantly flowed in his mind and he was unable to ascertain which one was correct, he had a very simple solution: to write. Writing down the ideas would organize his thoughts more clearly and slow down the rush through his mind. On Shabbos, given that he wasn t able to write, he was forced to work very hard mentally to reconcile conflicting ideas. It is also said of the Mitteler IDEAS & INSIGHTS 4. The Rogachover Gaon was the Chassidishe rav in the city of Dvinsk. Known for his exceptional genius, he wrote extensively on all areas of halachah and Gemara. He was particularly famous for his unique approach to Torah, as he viewed the entire Torah as one, and he would connect seemingly unrelated ideas and concepts to provide support for his rulings. The Rebbe corresponded frequently with the Rogachover Gaon and explained many of the Rogachover s ideas and teachings in 4 STRUCTURE PHRASES איינער פון די טעמים אויף דעם איז.1 Translation: One of the reasons for this is. אין [סיום פון] היינטיקע סדרה שטייט.2 Translation: In (the end of) this week s parshah it says. Introducing a(n) S = Statement לויט דעם וועט מען אויך פארשטיין.3 Translation: Based on this we will also be able to understand. לכאורה איז ניט מובן.4 Translation: Seemingly it is not understood. Introducing a(n) Q = Question. CLASSICAL CONCEPTS The Concepts section outlines the general content of the sicha. Until now, it was suggested to read through the Concepts section before starting each section of the sicha, in order to serve as a guideline throughout the learning experience. However, the ultimate goal is to be able to learn any sicha without a prior synopsis. Therefore, the task this week is to learn a section or two of the sicha without reading the Concepts section beforehand. Instead, the Concepts section should be read after, as a relatively quick chazarah, as well as a point of reference to ascertain that the sicha was understood correctly. 4

5 טייטשן Translations LIKUTEI SICHOS VOL. 1, PAGE 115 NUMBERS This refers to clarifying the Halacha The toil and work to make a living There are many thoughts in the heart of man Until He doesn t know How to do Will become A reasoning to one way Reconcile Exchange Spiritual servitude Like it is explained And they embittered their life With hard work This refers to the questions that arise in Torah study With cement This refers to the Kal V chomers used in Torah study And with bricks אומבייטן גייסטיקן שיעבוד ווי ער דערקלערט וימררו את חייהם בעבודה קשה דא קושיא בחומר דא קל וחומר ובלבנים דא ליבון הלכתא 4 יגיעת וטרדת הפרנסה רבות מחשבות בלב איש ביז ער ווייס ניט ווי צו טאן וועט ווערן א סברא לכאן מכריע 5 דער שווערסטער טאג The most difficult day Week וואך Concepts physical suffering of Galus could be exchanged for the equivalent spiritual work in the realm of Torah study. (The Rebbe is explaining that we could achieve the same preparation by struggling through spiritual matters. We do not have to be suffering in a physical Galus in order to achieve the level of preparation necessary for a great revelation, and therefore the question of why a physical Galus is necessary is still valid.) The Alter Rebbe explains in Torah Or that each element of IDEAS & INSIGHTS the physical labor that was placed upon the Jewish people in Mitzrayim corresponds to a specific aspect of Torah learning. 2 This is why there is still room to question the necessity for a physical Galus because it can be exchanged for struggles and toil in Torah study. Just as Galus can be exchanged for toil in 4 Torah, so can a person s physical toil to earn a livelihood be exchanged for toil in Torah. 3 The וימררו את חייהם בעבודה קשה בחומר ובלבנים ובכל עבודה says:.2 Regarding the enslavement in Mitzrayim, the Torah And they embittered their lives with hard labor, with clay and with bricks and with all kinds of labor in בשדה the fields. In Torah Or, the Alter Rebbe explains how each of these expressions corresponds to an aspect of Torah learning: life. Their lives: This refers to the Torah, which is our חייהם which means question. This refers to,קשיא as the word שורש has the same קשה Hard labor: The word עבודה קשה the questions that arise while learning. here means clay, it can also mean heavy. This refers to the Gemara terminology of חומר With clay: Although בחומר a וחומר,קל where a heavy, more stringent law can be derived from a light, more lenient law. which means to clarify. This refers to the clarification of the final,ליבון With bricks: This word can also mean בלבנים halachah that comes out as a result of the complex discussions in the Gemara. which are the teachings of the,ברייתות All kinds of labor in the fields: A field is outside, symbolizing כל עבודה בשדה Tannaim that were left outside of the main body of the Mishnah. We can see how each aspect of the slavery in Mitzrayim corresponds to an aspect of Torah learning. 3. Having to work hard is not necessarily slavery. A person can enjoy his work and see its benefits, and not consider himself a slave. Slavery is the yoke that is placed upon a person; he feels trapped, forced to do something against his will, and he has no way of escape. When a person is faced with financial struggles, his worries can consume him to the extent that he cannot free himself from the stress and is in effect a slave to his negative thinking. This is a true form of Galus, because the person feels stuck and tied down as though he were in captivity. 5

6 לקוטי שיחות חלק א פרשת שמות י"א-י"ז Skills STRUCTURE PHRASES אינמיטן ווא ך, ווען עס ווערט ביי אים זייער א שטא רקער שטרא ם פון שכל, עס לויפן סברות לכאן וסברות לכאן, הא ט ער א ן עצה שרייבן, ווא ס אותיות הכתב זיינען מגביל דעם שכל שטרא ם, איז עס דעמא לט לייכטער מכריע זיין. מה שאין כן שבת, הא ט ער דא ך ניט די עצה, מוז ער זיך מייגע זיין ביותר, ביז ער קען מכריע זיין. און א זוי ווי עס ווערט דערציילט, 5 א ז בשעת דער מיטעלער רבי פלעגט זא גן חסידות איז געווען זייער שטיל, דא ך פלעגט ער א מא ל בשעת חסידות זא גן: שא, שא. דער רבי (מהורש ב) נ ע הא ט עס מבאר געווען, א ז דא ס איז געווען אויף איינצושטילן דעם שכל שטרא ם פון מוח. אין פלוג, פא רווא ס דא רף מען א פ שטעלן נביעת המוחין? נא ר ווי מען הא ט גערעדט וועט מען עס פא רשטיין, ווייל מצד נביעת המוחין איז שווער א פ צושטעלן זיך און מכריע זיין בהחלט. עס קומט גלייך נא ך א טיפערע העמקה ווא ס ברענגט א פא רקערטע סברא ווי דער א פטער אויסשפ רא ך אין מיטעלן רבי נס מאמרים: דלא כנ ל. טו. איינער פון די הויפ ט ענינים וועלכע זיינען געווען בגלות מצרים איז עבודת פ רך. ווא ס מיינט עבודת פ רך זא גט די גמרא, 6 א ז זיי הא בן געגעבן מענערשע א רבעט צו פרויען 5 היום יום ד אדר שני. 6 סוטה יא, ב. און פרויען א רבעט צו מענער, ווא ס דא ס איז ניט ווי געוויינלעך. איז אויך דעם ענין פון עבודת פ רך דא רף מען איבערבייטן דא ס זא ל זיין אין רוחניות, א ז די עבודה אין תורה ומצוות דא רף זיין מער ווי די געוואוינהייט. און א זוי ווי אין עבודת פ רך בגשמיות איז דא ך די א רבעט פון פרויען גרינגער פון מענער א רבעט, ווא רום איש דרכו לכבש ואין אשה דרכה לכבש, 7 פונדעסטוועגן מצד דעם ווא ס עס איז ניט ווי זייער געוואוינהייט איז דא ס עבודת פ רך. א זוי אויך אין רוחניות, א ז די עבודה אליין קען זיין א קלייניקייט, א בער וויבא לד א ז צוליב איר מוז ער משנה זיין זיין געוואוינהייט, פא רבייט דא ס די עבודת פ רך בגשמיות. און א זוי ווי עס ווערט דערקלערט אין תניא 8 דער טעם אויף דעם ווא ס די גמרא 9 זא גט, א ז השונה פ רקו מאה פ עמים לבד ווערט א נגערופן לא עבדו און השונה פ רקו מאה פ עמים ואחד ווערט א נגערופן עובד אלקים, א ז כא טש דא ס איז דא ך ניט מער ווי נא ך איין מא ל, נא ר וויבא לד ער איז משנה זיין טבע, זיין געוואוינהייט, "שבימיהם הי הרגילות לשנות כל פ רק מאה פ עמים, הייסט ער עובד אלקים. (און דורך דעם אחד דערלא נגט ער אין 7 יבמות סה, ב. 8 פ רק טו. 9 חגיגה ט, ב. 7 6 איינער פון די טעמים אויף דעם איז.1 Translation: One of the reasons for this is. אין [סיום פון] היינטיקע סדרה שטייט.2 Translation: In (the end of) this week s parshah it says. Introducing a(n) S = Statement לויט דעם וועט מען אויך פארשטיין.3 Translation: Based on this we will also be able to understand. לכאורה איז ניט מובן.4 Translation: Seemingly it is not understood. Introducing a(n) Q = Question. CLASSICAL CONCEPTS The Concepts section outlines the general content of the sicha. Until now, it was suggested to read through the Concepts section before starting each section of the sicha, in order to serve as a guideline throughout the learning experience. However, the ultimate goal is to be able to learn any sicha without a prior synopsis. Therefore, the task this week is to learn a section or two of the sicha without reading the Concepts section beforehand. Instead, the Concepts section should be read after, as a relatively quick chazarah, as well as a point of reference to ascertain that the sicha was understood correctly. because he is not used to it. According to the Tanya, this is why the Gemara writes that one who reviews his studies one hundred times is considered to be one who does not serve Hashem, but one who reviews his studies 101 times is considered to be one who does serve Hashem. The Alter Rebbe explains that in those times the normal practice was to review learning one hundred times. Therefore, as soon as a person 6

7 טייטשן Translations LIKUTEI SICHOS VOL. 1, PAGE 115 NUMBERS Women Not regular More than the usual habit Easier Because The way of a man is to conquer Nevertheless פרויען ווי געוויינלעך מער ווי די געוואוינהייט גרינגער ווארום איש דרכו לכבש פונדעסטוועגן 7 א קלייניקייט A small amount Change One who learns his studies one hundred time Is called One who does not serve Hashem Although One more time Changes his nature The regular habit was He reaches משנה זיין השונה פרקו מאה פעמים ווערט אנגערופן לא עבדו כאטש נאך איין מאל משנה זיין טבע הי' הרגילות דערלאנגט ער In middle אינמיטן A strong flow א שטארקער שטראם Run לויפן Write שרייבן Limits מגביל Easier לייכטער He must מוז ער Is told over ווערט דערציילט Would say פלעגט זאגן Very quiet זייער שטיל In order to calm אויף איינצושטילן Seemingly אין פלוג As we spoke ווי מען האט גערעדט With certainty בהחלט Immediately גלייך Opposite פארקערטע Frequent expression אפטער אויסשפראך Not as we said earlier דלא כנ"ל Main things הויפט-ענינים 6 Manly work מענערשע ארבעט Concepts Rebbe that when he spoke Chassidus, even in a quiet room, he would say Sha, sha. The Rebbe Rashab explained that the Mitteler Rebbe was not asking for quiet, but rather trying to slow down the mental rush of ideas. In truth, what is the problem with having a constant flow of ideas? According to the above-mentioned theory, the answer is that when a flow of intellect comes too fast, it is difficult to reconcile conflicting ideas and decide with certainty which one is correct. 5 6 One of the primary difficulties that existed עבודת פרך during Galus Mitzrayim was the strenuous labor the Egyptians gave to the Jewish people. This is referred in the Gemara to the Egyptian tactic of forcing the men to do the women s work, and the women to do the men s work. Although technically women s work is easier, the men struggled because they were not used to it; it was unnatural to them. This type of work doing an unaccustomed 7 task also has its parallel in avodas Hashem: When a person moves out of his comfort zone, to a new level of avodah (even by doing עבודת פרך something minor), it is considered IDEAS & INSIGHTS his Sichos. The Rebbe said of him that his brilliance far surpassed what our generation was worthy of, and that he was one of the signs that we are closer to Mashiach. 5. We have many sefarim from the Mitteler Rebbe. Often in his Maamarim the Mitteler Rebbe would offer an explanation that contradicted something he had written earlier, and in these cases he would write כנ ל,דלא different from above. Ideas would come to him so fast that he had to write them down quickly. Often as he was writing, new and deeper insights would then arise, and he would have to correct what he had previously written. 7

8 לקוטי שיחות חלק א פרשת שמות י"א-י"ז Skills יחידה שבנפש. מאה פ עמים עשר כחות הכלולים בעשר. מאה פ עמים ואחד בחינת יחידה, ווא ס למעלה איז דא ס בחינת הכתר ). 10 טז. נא ך א פ רט איז דא אין דעם, א ז ניט נא ר ווא ס אויך דורך א גרינגער עבודה, וויבא לד א ז עס איז א ן ענדערונג פון זיין געוואוינהייט, פא רבייט דא ס די עבודת פ רך בגשמיות און ער הייסט עובד אלקים; נא ך מערער, א ז אויך ווען די דא זיקע ענדערונג פון זיין געוואוינהייט איז ניט אין א פ נימיות, ד. ה. א ז בפ נימיות פא רבלייבט ער אין זיין פריערדיקער רגילות, עס איז מער ניט ווא ס ער נויט זיך בעל כרחו, הא ט ער אויך די מעלה פון עובד אלקים. דער טעם אויף דעם איז, ווייל די פ נימיות הרצון פון א אידן איז דא ך טוב, מער ניט שהיצה ר אונסו, איז אויף דעם מספ יק אויך די כפי בע כ. 11 יז. לויט דעם וועט מען אויך פא רשטיין, ווא ס דער א לטער רבי ברענגט אין תניא דעם משל הגמרא 10 זע לקוטי תורה ראה כב, ג. וש"נ. 11 זע רמב"ם הלכות גרושין ספ"ב. 10 פון שוק של חמרים שנשכרים לעשר פ רסי בזוזא ולאחד עשר פ רסי בתרי זוזי מפני שהוא יותר מרגילותם. ולכאורה איז ניט מובן, פא רווא ס דא רף ער ברענגען אין תניא דעם משל פון די חמרים, ער הא ט געדא רפט ברענגען נא ר ווא ס די גמרא זא גט אין דער מעלה פון השונה פ רקו מאה פ עמים ואחד; מוז מען דא ך זא גן, א ז דער משל החמרים איז נוגע צום פא רשטא נד פון ענין פון שינוי הרגילות וועגן וועלכן ער רעדט דא רט אין תניא. וועט מען עס פא רשטיין בהקדים הידוע א ז אין א תורה משל זיינען א לע פ רטים פון משל מתאים צום נמשל, ווא רום דער משל איז נשתלשל מהנמשל, במילא מוזן דא ך מתאים זיין א לע פ רטים. וכמו כ בהנ ל: חמור ווערט א נגערופן דער גוף. און מען מא נט ביי א אידן עזב תעזב עמו, 12 מ'זא ל זיך ניט מסתפ ק זיין מיט עבודה ווא ס איז שייך צו דער נשמה א ליין, נא ר מ זא ל מברר זיין אויך דעם גוף. 12 היום יום כ"ח שבט. זע אויך לקו ש ח א עמוד.32 work to refine. There are two ways through which a person can work to refine it: 1) By,אתהפכא transformation. He can refine his body to the point that it transforms from the level of חמור into the level of (a speaking being). (A story is told that when the Alter Rebbe מדבר was leaving Mezritch (where he had studied under the Maggid) the Maggid s son came out to escort him. When they reached the wagon, the Maggid s son turned to the wagon driver and said, You 8 9 STRUCTURE PHRASES איינער פון די טעמים אויף דעם איז.1 Translation: One of the reasons for this is. אין [סיום פון] היינטיקע סדרה שטייט.2 Translation: In (the end of) this week s parshah it says. Introducing a(n) S = Statement לויט דעם וועט מען אויך פארשטיין.3 Translation: Based on this we will also be able to understand. לכאורה איז ניט מובן.4 Translation: Seemingly it is not understood. Introducing a(n) Q = Question. CLASSICAL CONCEPTS The Concepts section outlines the general content of the sicha. Until now, it was suggested to read through the Concepts section before starting each section of the sicha, in order to serve as a guideline throughout the learning experience. However, the ultimate goal is to be able to learn any sicha without a prior synopsis. Therefore, the task this week is to learn a section or two of the sicha without reading the Concepts section beforehand. Instead, the Concepts section should be read after, as a relatively quick chazarah, as well as a point of reference to ascertain that the sicha was understood correctly. IDEAS & INSIGHTS The Rambam explains that although the man is being forced to say those words and he seemingly does not want to give the divorce, the opposite is in fact true. Because he is a Jew, he has a neshamah that naturally wants to do what Hashem wants from him. It is only that his Yetzer Hara is temporarily manipulating him to do otherwise. 8

9 טייטשן Translations LIKUTEI SICHOS VOL. 1, PAGE 115 NUMBERS And eleven Parsa for two Zuz Only needed to bring We must say To the comprehension 8 אן ענדערונג A change Furthermore This means דאס הייסט He remains His previous He forces himself against his will His Yetzer Hara forces him Force against his will נאך מערער ד.ה. פארבלייבט ער זיין פריערדיקער ער נויט זיך בעל כרחו היצה"ר אונסו כפי' בע"כ 9 שוק של חמרים A market of donkeys That are rented out to go (the distance of) ten Parsa for (the price of) one Zuz שנשכרים לעשר פרסי בזוזוא ולאחד עשר פרסי בתרי זוזי געדארפט ברענגען נאר מוז מען דאך זאגן צום פארשטאנד 10 מתאים Fitting וכמו כן בהנזכר לעיל - and the same applies in what was mentioned previously Is called We demand You will surely help with him (the physical body) Not to be satisfied וכמו"כ בהנ"ל ווערט אנגערופן מען מאנט עזב תעזב עמו ניט מסתפק זיין Concepts goes above the norm and reviews even one extra time, he is considered to be a true servant of Hashem. (Here, the Rebbe is bringing another example to illustrate that physical suffering even so, can be achieved in a spiritual way. If עבודת פרך the question remains: why is physical suffering in Galus necessary?) Even if a person overcomes his natural 8 tendencies only by reluctantly forcing himself to do so, he is considered to be serving Hashem. This is because deep down, every single Jew has a desire to do the will of Hashem, but sometimes this desire is covered over by the Yetzer Hara. 6 Therefore, forcing himself to go beyond his nature on an external level (even if he feels he doesn t want to), is enough to make him a servant of Hashem because his true desire to do so remains deep down. 9 After bringing the above-mentioned example of Torah study to explain the concept of going beyond the norm, the Alter Rebbe brings an additional mashal: In the times of the Gemara, donkeys were rented out for journeys of up to ten Parsa (the distance a normal person would walk in a day), for the price of one zuz. If the distance traveled was eleven Parsa, the price was raised to two zuz. Since the normal distance for the donkeys was ten Parsa, a mere additional Parsa would double the cost. We see from this that the value of pushing oneself beyond normal habits, even by only one step, can be tremendous. However, it would have seemingly been sufficient for the Alter Rebbe to have brought only the example of Torah study to explain this concept. What further clarification is gained by bringing the parable of the donkeys? It is well known that when the Torah uses a 10 parable, every single detail is precise. The same is true of the parable of the donkeys. The word חמור (donkey) can also mean material. It alludes to a person s physical body, which he must IDEAS & INSIGHTS 6. The idea that every Jew essentially wants to serve Hashem and is only being diverted by his Yetzer Hara has an application in practical halachah. When it comes to giving a divorce, the husband must do it of his own free will and without force. If the court decided that a man must give his wife a divorce, messengers from the court would beat the man until he finally screamed, I want to give the divorce. Once he says those words, the divorce is valid, and it is considered to have been given willingly. 9

10 און אין דעם זיינען פא רא ן צוויי אופנים: א) מא כן דעם גוף אויס חמור, מא כן אים פא ר א מדבר אתהפ כא. עס איז דא ך ידוע דער סיפ ור, א ז בשעת דער א לטער רבי הא ט געהא לטן ביי פא רן פון מעזריטש א היים, איז געגא נגען הרב הקדוש הרב המלאך (דעם מעזריטשער מגיד ס זון) בא גלייטן אים. הא ט דער מלאך געזא גט צום בעל עגלה מ דא רף שמייסן די פערד א ז די פערד זא לן ווערן אויס פערד. נא ך א נוסח: א ז די פערד זא לן וויסן א ז זיי זיינען פערד. הא ט דער א לטער רבי געזא גט, א ז עס איז אים צוגעקומען א דרך אין עבודה, און הא ט א פ געלייגט די נסיעה, און איבערגעבליבן נא ך א צייט אין מעזריטש ב) זייענדיק במהותו ווי ער איז, זא ל ער זיך כופה זיין און משנה זיין רגילותו אתכפיא. און אויך דורך 11 לקוטי שיחות חלק א פרשת שמות י"א-י"ז דעם אופן פון אתכפיא, הייסט ער א ן עובד אלקים. און דא ס איז מרומז אין די פ רטי המשל פון שוק של חמרים: דעם חמור הא ט ער ניט געקויפט, ד. ה. דער חמור איז ניט געווא רן זיינער (ובנמשל הו ע אתהפכא), ער הא ט אים מער ניט ווי געדונגען, ד. ה. א ז דער חמור איז געבליבן אין זיין פריערדיקן רשות, א בער פונדעסטוועגן רעכנט ער זיך ניט מיט זיין רגילות צו פא רן מער ניט ווי עשר פ רסי, און א רבעט מיט אים יותר מרגילותו. א זוי איז אויך אין רוחניות, א ז הגם דער גוף איז במצבו החומרי כמו שהוא, פונדעסטוועגן, דורך דעם ווא ס ער איז כופה דעם חומר הגוף בעל כרחו על כל פ נים, ווערט ער אויך א נגערופן עובד אלקים. (משיחת ש פ וארא, תשי א) it to go the extra mile, beyond what it is used to. Although the person has not acquired his body, and it remains in its coarse state, he can earn the title of one who serves Hashem by constantly struggling to go above and beyond his usual habits. Skills STRUCTURE PHRASES איינער פון די טעמים אויף דעם איז.1 Translation: One of the reasons for this is. אין [סיום פון] היינטיקע סדרה שטייט.2 Translation: In (the end of) this week s parshah it says. Introducing a(n) S = Statement לויט דעם וועט מען אויך פארשטיין.3 Translation: Based on this we will also be able to understand. לכאורה איז ניט מובן.4 Translation: Seemingly it is not understood. Introducing a(n) Q = Question. CLASSICAL CONCEPTS The Concepts section outlines the general content of the sicha. Until now, it was suggested to read through the Concepts section before starting each section of the sicha, in order to serve as a guideline throughout the learning experience. However, the ultimate goal is to be able to learn any sicha without a prior synopsis. Therefore, the task this week is to learn a section or two of the sicha without reading the Concepts section beforehand. Instead, the Concepts section should be read after, as a relatively quick chazarah, as well as a point of reference to ascertain that the sicha was understood correctly. 10

11 טייטשן Translations LIKUTEI SICHOS VOL. 1, PAGE 115 NUMBERS Remained Being in its own existence There are Not a donkey/coarse Was ready to travel To go home Went To escort him One must hit the horses Should become not a horse Was added Postponed the travel זיינען פאראן אויס חמור געהאלטן ביי פארן אהיים געגאנגען באגלייטן אים מ'דארף שמייסן די פערד זאלן ווערן אויס פערד צוגעקומען אפגעלייגט די נסיעה איבערגעבליבן זייענדיק במהותו 11 מרומז Alluded to Didn t buy - this means דאס הייסט Didn t become his Rented Remained He doesn t consider ניט געקויפט ד.ה. ניט געווארן זיינער געדונגען געבליבן רעכנט ער זיך ניט Concepts should whip the horses until they are no longer horses. The Alter Rebbe understood this to be a hint to a path in avodas Hashem that he hadn t been aware of, and he decided to remain in Mezritch in order to attain it. 7 ) 2) By אתכפיא force. Although the body remains as it is, in its coarse and physical state, the person is able to force it to change its habits and do the will of Hashem. Even a person who is on this second level is called one who serves Hashem. This is the reason why the Alter Rebbe 11 brought the additional parable of the donkeys. The donkey in the marketplace represents a person who has not transformed his physical body, but rather constantly struggles with it and forces it to fulfill the will of Hashem. Moreover, the donkey in the parable is rented not owned by the rider. This teaches us that even if a person s body is not properly his not completely under his control he should still push IDEAS & INSIGHTS When the messengers beat him and he says that he wants to give the divorce, he is merely expressing his true desire the desire of his neshamah. 7. The Alter Rebbe was set up to learn with the Maggid s son, known as Reb Avraham the Malach (Angel), during the time he spent in Mezritch. Reb Avraham taught the Alter Rebbe Kabbalah, and the Alter Rebbe taught Reb Avraham Gemara and halachah. It is said that the Alter Rebbe would turn the clock back during the time used to study Kabbalah, so that he would gain more time to learn with Reb Avraham! 11

12 לקוטי שיחות חלק א פרשת שמות י"א-י"ז Getting Started There is another detail in this: That not only (that) also through an avodah which is easier, since it is a change from his regular habit, this is an exchange for the difficult work physically, and he is called One who serves Hashem, (but) furthermore, that also when this change from his usual habit is not in an internal way, this means that internally he remains in his previous habits, it is no more than that he is forcing himself against his own will, he also has the advantage of (being considered) one who serves Hashem. The reason for this is since the internal desire of a Jew is (to do) good, (it is) no more than that his Yetzer Hara forces him, it is sufficient for this (to overcome the external desire of the Yetzer Hara) also the forcing (himself to do beyond what he is accustomed to) against his will. טז. נא ך א פ רט איז דא אין דעם, א ז ניט נא ר ווא ס אויך דורך א גרינגער עבודה, וויבא לד א ז עס איז א ן ענדערונג פון זיין געוואוינהייט, פא רבייט דא ס די עבודת פ רך בגשמיות און ער הייסט עובד אלקים; נא ך מערער, א ז אויך ווען די דא זיקע ענדערונג פון זיין געוואוינהייט איז ניט אין א פ נימיות, ד. ה. א ז בפ נימיות פא רבלייבט ער אין זיין פריערדיקער רגילות, עס איז מער ניט ווא ס ער נויט זיך בעל כרחו, הא ט ער אויך די מעלה פון עובד אלקים. דער טעם אויף דעם איז, ווייל די פ נימיות הרצון פון א אידן איז דא ך טוב, מער ניט שהיצה ר אונסו, איז אויף דעם מספ יק אויך די כפי בע כ. (משיחת ש פ וארא, תשי א) נא ך א פ ר ט א יז דא א ין דע ם, א ז נ יט נא ר ווא ס או יך דו רך א גר ינגע ר ע בו ד ה, וו יב א לד א ז ע ס א יז א ן ע נדע רו נג פו ן זי ין גע וואו ינהי יט, פא רב י יט דא ס ד י ע בו ד ת פ ר ך ב ג ש מ יו ת או ן ע ר ה ייסט עו ב ד א ל ק ים; נא ך מע רע ר, א ז או יך ווע ן ד י דא ז יקע ע נדע רו נג פו ן זי ין גע וואו ינהי יט א יז נ יט א ין א פ נ ימ יו ת, ד.ה. א ז ב פ נ ימ יו ת פא רב לי יב ט ע ר א ין זי ין פר יע רד יקע ר ר ג ילו ת, ע ס א יז מע ר נ יט ווא ס ע ר נו יט ז יך ב ע ל כ ר חו, הא ט ע ר או יך ד י מ ע ל ה פו ן עו ב ד א ל ק ים. דע ר ט ע ם או יף דע ם א יז, ווי יל ד י פ נ ימ יו ת ה ר צו ן פו ן א א ידן א יז דא ך טו ב, מע ר נ יט ש ה י צ ר ה ר ע או נ סו, א יז או יף דע ם מ ס פ יק או יך ד י כ פ י ' ב ע ל כ ר חו 12

13 The Rebbe s Letter LIKUTEI SICHOS VOL. 1, PAGE 115 NUMBERS A person must not withhold from doing something positive even if he feels it s not genuine. B H First day of Rosh Cheshvan, 5716 Brooklyn, NY Greetings and blessings! In response to your letter from the 26th of Tishrei, in which you ask regarding: a. undesirable / unwanted thoughts. The solution to this is well-known: a little bit of light dispels much darkness. Therefore one must immerse himself in thoughts of Torah and prayer and be fluent in chapters of Mishnayos, chapters of Tanya, and ideally some easy and understandable maamarim by heart. All of this will help to free one s mind from bad thoughts. b. what to do since everything (good) you do is done with an ulterior motive. A person must be very careful about this (train of thought). Because usually when the Yetzer Hara wants to prevent a Jew from doing something good, he uses this tactic: to convince the Jew that the mitzvah he is about to do is only being done for an ulterior motive and therefore it would be more appropriate that it should not be done at all. And this is the opposite of the instruction of our Chachamim that a person should always involve himself in Torah and Mitzvos, even for the wrong reasons. For from doing them for the wrong reasons, one will come to do them for the right reasons. Therefore, notwithstanding the fact that a person must work towards eventually doing everything without ulterior motives, in the meantime, even if it is solely a good thing (even with an ulterior motive) he must not, heaven forbid, withhold from doing it, as explained above. And in order to receive Hashem s help in the above, it helps a lot when one influences his friends and his surroundings in order to bring them closer to Yiddishkeit in general, and more particularly to Chassidus. This is considered to be spiritual tzedakah, about which it says and tzedakah raises up, as is explained in Torah Or at the beginning of Parshas Bereishis. With blessings for Torah study done with joy and fear of heaven, 13

14 לקוטי שיחות חלק א פרשת שמות י"א-י"ז Skills Review REVIEW QUESTIONS: a. Translate the following structure phrases. b. Specify which parts of the sicha the phrase introduces. (b) (a) איינער פון די טעמים אויף דעם איז (b) (a) אין [סיום פון] היינטיקע סדרה שטייט (b) (a) לויט דעם וועט מען אויך פארשטיין (b) (a) לכאורה איז ניט מובן 14

15 Content Review LIKUTEI SICHOS VOL. 1, PAGE 115 NUMBERS How does the Alter Rebbe explain Hashem s answer to Moshe Rabeinu s question? 2. Explain how Moshe s question still exists even after it was answered. 3. What is the spiritual equivalent of the worries about money? 4. What was so difficult about פרך?עבודת What does this refer to in regards to avodah? 5. Why is it enough for a person to push himself externally without changing himself internally? 6. What are two ways to deal with the coarseness of a person s physicality? 7. Why did the Alter Rebbe find it necessary to bring the mashal of the marketplace as well as the donkeys? Lesson Q 1. Think of something holy that you refrain from doing because you feel it is beyond where you are holding, and figure out a way to incorporate it into your avodah anyways. 15

16 לקוטי שיחות חלק א פרשת שמות י"א-י"ז Flow Chart STATEMENT» At the beginning of this week s parshah Moshe asked Hashem Why do You do evil to this nation? Hashem responded that Galus is a necessary step in preparing for Geulah. STATEMENT» Since Torah is the ultimate truth, every question is eternally true, even after an answer has been given. QUESTION» Why is Moshe s question still valid if Hashem explained the importance of Galus? ANSWER» Although the Jewish People indeed require a process to prepare them for Geulah, it need not be the physical hardships of Galus, and could instead be the spiritual counterparts found within Torah learning and serving Hashem. The struggles that are involved in these spiritual pursuits could serve the same purpose. IDEA» Just as the physical suffering of Galus could be exchanged for spiritual struggles, similarly the physical struggle to make money can be exchanged for its spiritual counterpart. The main hardship in securing a living is deciding between two options. This could be exchanged for the spiritual struggle of delving so deeply into Torah learning, resulting in a number of ways to understand the topic at hand, and then needing to choose one of those directions. IDEA» One of the main hardships in Mitzrayim was Avodas Porech, when the Jews were forced to do work they were unaccustomed to. This too can be exchanged for the spiritual avodah of serving Hashem beyond one s comfort level. STATEMENT» In Tanya, the Alter Rebbe illustrates the importance of one going beyond their comfort level. He brings two examples to emphasize this idea: 1) In the times of the Gemara, when it was the norm for one to review their studies one hundred times, one who reviewed their studies the regular one hundred times was called one who does not serve Hashem, whereas one who reviewed 101 times, was indeed called one who serves Hashem. 2) In the times of the Gemara, a donkey would be rented out to go the distance of ten Parsa for the cost of one zuz, as this was the normal distance to travel, but even one additional Parsa would double the price. QUESTION» Why was it necessary for the Alter Rebbe to bring two examples that seem to be emphasizing the exact same point? ANSWER» With the extra example of the donkey the Alter Rebbe is teaching an important lesson. The donkeys represent a person s coarse and animalistic side. Although he may not yet own it and it is merely rented, i.e., he is not in complete control, the value of pushing it to go the extra mile in terms of serving Hashem is immeasurable. 16

17 תורה מלשון הוראה Making It Real LIKUTEI SICHOS VOL. 1, PAGE 115 NUMBERS Something to think about... Is serving Hashem supposed to be strenuous? Do you ever feel like your Yiddishkeit has turned into a routine? Is a person a hypocrite for performing stringencies that are beyond his level? Do you ever randomly daven with more kavanah or do a mitzvah with more care? NOTES: 17

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