Do Now. All men are created equal. Do you agree with this quote? Why or why not? What is social Hierarchy?

Transcription

1 Do Now All men are created equal. Do you agree with this quote? Why or why not? What is social Hierarchy?

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4 Objective SWBAT describe family life of the Mayans. peasants

5 Family Life of the Maya Read section 23.4: Family Life Complete reading notes

6 I hope he is A good farmer. A talented hunter. A skilled builder of temples and palaces. A brave soldier. No longer wearing a white bead in his hair. I hope she is Able to get the fire burning in the fireplace. A good cook of tortillas and tamales, as well as hot chocolate. Able to care for children and animals. A skilled weaver of cloth. No longer wearing a string of red shells around her waist.

7 Matchmaking! Those in the center are the matchmakers (atanzahabs). Those by my desk are the brides families. Those by Mr. C s room are the grooms families. The brides and grooms are not in this room! Why? They do not have a say in who marries who!

8 Step 1: Decide what you want in a bride or a groom. Grooms familie s and brides families: Circle three qualities that you hope your groom or bride will find in a bride or groom.

9 Step 2: Find a matchmaker. Grooms families: Select a matchmaker team to help you find a bride. Atanzahabs (matchmakers): Once you have been selected, sit with the groom s family. Brides families: Sit, listen, and watch silently.

10 Step 3: Find a good match for your groom. Atanzahabs: Briefly interview as many families of Mayan brides as possible in the time given. If you find a bride that you think is a good match for your groom, go to the center of the room. Brides families: During the interviews, answer the atanzahabs questions Grooms families: Sit, listen, and watch silently.

11 Now it s time for the bride to meet the groom!

12 Objective

13 Beliefs The Maya were poly theistic The Maya believed in more than 160 gods Primary gods were forces of nature Examples: sun god, rain god, corn god, god of death jaguar The was an important animal in the Mayan religion

14 Chocolate God Yes, the Mayans even prayed to the chocolate god!

15 Close your eyes and pray to the chocolate god

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17 Chocolate Goddess Myth

18 Sacrifices The Maya believed that gods had created the world and could influence or destroy it. The Maya believed they could please the gods with a gift of human blood.

19 Sacrifice Both the gods and the humans were required to sacrifice their lives in order to preserve their world and the lives of the people in it. Four times before, the gods had tried to create human beings who would love them enough to share this burden with them. But they had failed, so the god had to destroy those worlds.

20 Sacrifice This time, in the fifth world, the gods gave the world light because two of the gods had been willing to sacrifice their lives to create the Sun.

21 Sacrifice If the Sun ever stopped moving through the sky, it's blazing rays would quickly destroy the earth. Only the heart and blood of a god or a human could quench the hot Sun's thirst and renew it's energy so it could continue it's journey through the sky.

22 Two teams of nobles played the game. Players tried to hit a rubber ball through a stone hoop using their elbows, wrists, and hips. All levels of Mayan society watched and bet on the game. Members of the losing team may have been sacrificed. Pok-a-tok

23 The Mayan Calendar The Maya s used their knowledge of mathematics and astronomy to develop a complex calendar system. The Mayans used two calendars: 365-day solar calendar 260-day sacred calendar

24 The Sacred Round Ready to learn how to use the sacred calendar? Each group represents Mayan priests. It is your job to use the Sacred Round to solve several problems for the people of Chichen Itza.

25 The Sacred Calendar The sacred calendar has 260 days. Each day in the sacred calendar consists of a number, represented by dots and bars, and a day name, represented by a glyph (symbol). The smaller round contains the numbers. A dot represents 1. A bar represents 5. How many numbers are on the smaller round? The larger round contains the day names. How many glyphs are on the larger round? 13 x 20 = 260 days 20 13

26 Pretend you are a Mayan priest When to get married? Today is 5 Chuen. The parents of Ix Nic (nic means little flower ) and Ah Bacal (bacal means corncob ) would like your advice on when their daughter and son should marry. Consult the sacred calendar to determine which day in the next 9 days would be the best for their wedding ceremony.

27 You try! When to go to war? Today is 1 Ix. The ruler of your city wants to attack a rival Mayan city in 12 days. Consult the sacred calendar to determine whether you would recommend that the ruler go ahead with the attack as planned.

28 Answer Key Problem 1: 9 Ik might be the best day to plant because the symbol for Ik is a germinating maize seed. Others might wait until 11 Kan. Problem 2: 7 Ben might be the best day for the wedding because the symbol for Ben, a maize seedling, combines parts of the names of the bride and groom. Others might wait until 1 Ahau. Problem 3: 13 Cimi might not be a good day to attack because Cimi means death and the symbol is a human skull. Others, however, might interpret this as a good sign. Problem 4: Preparations should begin on 9 Muluc. One interpretation is that this is a good day to start preparations because the symbol for Muluc is a drop of water.

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31 Objective SWBAT locate the Mayan civilization on a map.

32 Objective SWBAT explain how the geography of the Mayan civilization affected its economy.

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35 Resources in the Peten Jungle Resource Rubber tree Use Rubber ball for pok-a-tok

36 Resources in the Peten Jungle Resource Cocoa trees Use Chocolate

37 Resources in the Peten Jungle Resource Quetzal feathers Use Headdresses for kings

38 Resources in the Peten Jungle Resource Plants such as the give and take palm Use Medicines

39 Is the Peten Jungle a good place to live? Why or why not?

40 Objective SW theorize why the Mayan civilization ended

41 Population grows Not enough land to grow enough food to feed all of the people!

42 Slash and burn agriculture: Clear land by cutting and burning plants and trees, then plant more crops!

43 Without the trees, the soil does not hold nutrients The soil quality becomes too poor to support crops!

44 Objective SWBAT propose a theory for the mysterious collapse of Mayan civilization.

45 Theory #1 The populations of the cities grew faster than the Mayan farming systems could feed them.

46 What clues might this artifact give us about the collapse of the Mayans?

47 Theory #2 Evidence Stalagmites in a cave from are long Stalagmites in a cave from 660 to 1000 are short Theory Long periods of drought caused crop failure.

48 What clues might this artifact give us about the collapse of the Mayans?

49 Theory #3 Evidence 30 murdered bodies in a well Theory Brutal warfare strategies like poisoning wells may have caused people to leave the cities.

50 What clues might these artifact give us about the collapse of the Mayans?

51 What clues might these artifacts give us about the collapse of the Mayans?

52 Theory #4 Evidence Elongated skulls The lid of King Pacal s sarcophagus Theory Aliens abducted the Mayans!

53 Which theory do you believe caused the collapse of Mayan civilization? #1: The populations of the cities grew faster than the Mayan farming systems could sustain them. #2: Long periods of drought caused crop failure. #3: Brutal warfare strategies like poisoning wells may have caused people to leave the cities. #4: Aliens abducted the Mayans!

54 Closing Thoughts on the Collapse of the Mayans

55 In your notes, write one paragraph to explain why Mayan civilization collapsed. Homework

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57 Check for Understanding Which class could read and write? A. nobles & priests B. merchants & artisans C. peasants D. slaves

58 Check for Understanding The backbone of Mayan society farmers, builders, and warriors were: A. nobles & priests B. merchants & artisans C. peasants D. slaves

59 Check for Understanding Prisoners of war often become: A. rulers B. merchants & artisans C. peasants D. slaves

60 Check for Understanding Priests remove a string of red shells from 12-year-old girls waistbands. This is part of: A. a coming-of-age ceremony B. a marriage ceremony C. a sacrificial offering D. pok-a-tok

61 A Mayan would be most likely to marry: A. a person of his or her choosing. B. a person chosen for him or her. C. a person from a different social class. D. a person who lived in another village.

62 Mayans were: A. monotheistic. B. polytheistic. C. atheistic.

63 The Mayans believed that an offering of would make the gods stronger. A. blood B. milk C. fruit D. feathers

64 After a game of pok-a-tok, the captain of the losing team: A. swallowed a rubber ball. B. was sacrificed to the gods. C. gave money to the winners. D. led the army into battle.

65 The Mayans believed that an offering of would make the gods stronger. A. blood B. milk C. fruit D. feathers

66 The Sacred Round was: A. a holy jewel that Mayan warriors rubbed for protection during battle. B. a stone used for grinding corn into meal. C. a calendar used to determine the best days to plant, hunt, and do battle. D. a platform where the ruler stood while offering sacrifices to the gods.

67 Homework: A Day in the Life of a Write a 1 page short story Mayan Genre: Historical Fiction Topic: A Day in the Life of a Mayan (not a priest!) Follow the plot diagram and include a conflict, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. Use at least five pieces of dialogue! Use vocabulary words from last trimester. Make me laugh! Make me cry! Merits will be given to the most entertaining work.

68 Aztecs invent hydroponics QTqM