NAME: DATE: BAND Aim: How did Mayan achievements make them an advanced civilization?

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1 Part I: DIRECTIONS: Read and underline evidence that shows Mayan advancements and achievements. Circle words you don t know. Decide overall if the Mayan action advanced or did not advance the civilization. Then, write a TEAL paragraph evaluating if the Mayans were an advanced civilization Mathematics, Language, Calendar - Mathematics : Instead of ten digits like we have today, the Maya used a base number of twenty. They also used a system of bar and dot as shorthand for counting. A dot stood for one and a bar stood for five. Calendar : A Mayan Calendar: the 20 months of circle on the right fit together with the days of each month, shown by the circle on the left. Writing : Mayan hieroglyphic writing is made up of symbols that represent whole words or syllables consisting of constant vowel pairs (cv) or vowels. It is the only writing system of the Pre-Columbian New World which is known to completely represent the spoken language of its community. In total, the script has more than a thousand different glyphs, although a few are variations of the same sign or meaning, and many appear only rarely or are confined to particular localities. How did Mathematics, Language, and the Calendar show that the Mayan Civilization was advanced? showed the Mayan Civilization was/was not advanced because Architecture - Mayan architecture the layout of the impressive houses, courtyards, and temples where the kings resided, characterized by the immense horizontal floors of the plazas located at various levels, and the broad and often steep stairs connecting these. Dam-like causeways spread from these ceremonial centers to the centers of the cities. Without metal tools, beasts of burden, or even the wheel the Mayans were able to construct vast cities across a huge jungle landscape with an amazing degree of architectural perfection and variety. They were noted as well for elaborate and highly decorated ceremonial architecture, including temple-pyramids, palaces and observatories, all built without metal tools. How did architecture show that the Mayan Civilization was advanced? showed the Mayan Civilization was/was not advanced because Art - Many pieces of Maya art are spiritual in nature, designed to appease or curry the favor of the gods. Most Maya art that survives today is in the form of funerary and ritual objects. The Maya did not have metal tools or potter s wheels; however they managed to create highly detailed and beautiful pieces of art. Most Mayan art depicts Gods, great rulers, legendary heroes, religious scenes and, occasionally, daily life. The focus of Maya art pieces is on human figures (whether gods or mortals). Animals and stylized designs were used as decoration on pottery and other objects. The Maya script, which could be considered an art form itself, is featured on most statues and carvings. Maya art takes many forms, from tiny pieces of carved obsidian to gigantic pyramids. The dominance of the Maya religion can be seen through all of these art forms; most objects have a spiritual or religious purpose. How did art show that the Mayan Civilization was advanced? showed the Mayan Civilization was/was not advanced because

2 Part II: Short Response - Were the Mayans an advanced civilization? The Mayan Empire was an advanced civilization/was not an advanced civilization. There are several reasons why the Mayan Empire was an advanced civilization/was not an advanced civilization. One way the Mayans were accomplished was This shows advancement in Mayan society because Another Mayan accomplishment was This shows advancement in Mayan society because Overall, the Mayan civilization was an advanced society because Option 2 - TEAL Paragraph T E A E A L Point Value Topic Sentence Supporting Details Organizatio n and Transitions 4 points 3 points 2 point 1 points Interesting, original topic sentence, reflecting thought and insight; focused on one interesting main idea. Clearly stated topic sentence presents one main idea. Interesting, concrete and Examples and details descriptive examples and relate to the topic and details with explanations that some explanation is relate to the topic. included. Thoughtful, logical progression of supporting examples; Mature transitions between ideas. Mechanics Consistent standard English usage, spelling, and punctuation. No errors. Details are arranged in a logical progression; appropriate transitions. Some errors, but none major, in usage, spelling, or punctuation. (1-2) Acceptable topic Missing, invalid, or sentence presents one inappropriate topic idea. sentence; main idea is missing. Sufficient number of Insufficient, vague, or examples and details undeveloped examples. that relate to the topic. Acceptable No discernible pattern of arrangement of organization; Unrelated examples; transitions details; no transitions. may be weak. A few errors in usage, spelling, or punctuation (3-4) Distracting errors in usage, spelling, or punctuation Next Steps for improvement: In my next short response I will..

3 Part I: DIRECTIONS: Read and underline evidence that shows Mayan advancements and achievements. Circle words you don t know. Decide overall if the Mayan action advanced or did not advance the civilization. Then, write a TEAL paragraph evaluating if the Mayans were an advanced civilization Mathematics, Language, Calendar - Mathematics: Instead of ten digits, the Maya used a base number of twenty. System of bar and dot as shorthand for counting. Dot = 1 and a bar = 5 Calendar: A Mayan Calendar: the 20 months of circle on the right fit together with the days of each month, shown by the circle on the left. Writing: Mayan hieroglyphic writing is made up of symbols that represent whole words or syllables Only writing system of the Pre-Columbian New World Represent the spoken language of its community More than a thousand different glyphs (letters/words/symbols) How did show that the Mayan Civilization was advanced? showed the Mayan Civilization was/was not advanced because Architecture - Impressive houses, courtyards, and temples for Kings Huge horizontal floors of the plazas located at various levels Steep and large stairs connecting these Dam-like causeways spread from these ceremonial centers to the centers of the cities. Didn t have metal tools or the wheel to help build Constructed vast cities across a huge jungle landscape Elaborate and highly decorated ceremonial architecture temple-pyramids, palaces and observatories How did show that the Mayan Civilization was advanced? showed the Mayan Civilization was/was not advanced because Art - Many pieces of Maya art are spiritual in nature, designed to appease or curry the favor of the gods. The Maya did not have metal tools or potter s wheels Created highly detailed and beautiful pieces of art. Most depicts Gods, great rulers, legendary heroes, religious scenes and, occasionally, daily life. Focus is on human figures (whether gods or mortals). Animals and stylized designs were used as decoration on pottery and other objects. Mayan language (script) is featured on many objects Forms: tiny pieces of carved obsidian, gigantic pyramids, pottery, etc. Maya religion can be seen through all of these art forms; most objects have a spiritual or religious purpose. How did show that the Mayan Civilization was advanced? showed the Mayan Civilization was/was not advanced because

4 Part II: Short Response - Were the Mayans an advanced civilization? The Mayan Empire was an advanced civilization/was not an advanced civilization. There are several reasons why the Mayan Empire was an advanced civilization/was not an advanced civilization. One way the Mayans were accomplished was This shows advancement in Mayan society because Another Mayan accomplishment was This shows advancement in Mayan society because Overall, the Mayan civilization was an advanced society because Option 2 - TEAL Paragraph T E A E A L Point Value Topic Sentence Supporting Details Organizatio n and Transitions 4 points 3 points 2 point 1 points Interesting, original topic sentence, reflecting thought and insight; focused on one interesting main idea. Clearly stated topic sentence presents one main idea. Interesting, concrete and Examples and details descriptive examples and relate to the topic and details with explanations that some explanation is relate to the topic. included. Thoughtful, logical progression of supporting examples; Mature transitions between ideas. Mechanics Consistent standard English usage, spelling, and punctuation. No errors. Details are arranged in a logical progression; appropriate transitions. Some errors, but none major, in usage, spelling, or punctuation. (1-2) Acceptable topic Missing, invalid, or sentence presents one inappropriate topic idea. sentence; main idea is missing. Sufficient number of Insufficient, vague, or examples and details undeveloped examples. that relate to the topic. Acceptable No discernible pattern of arrangement of organization; Unrelated examples; transitions details; no transitions. may be weak. A few errors in usage, spelling, or punctuation (3-4) Distracting errors in usage, spelling, or punctuation Next Steps for improvement: In my next short response I will..

5 DO NOW: The Americas are made up of two continents, North America and South America. Within these two geographic regions is a cultural region that historians call Middle America. Middle America includes Mexico and Central America (Latin America) was home to several early civilizations. One group of people that lived in the area of Central America was the Mayas. This civilization is what is now Mexico, Honduras, el Salvador, and Belize. Mayan civilization lasted from the third century to the 9 th century. They created impressive temples and pyramids, calendars, mathematics, writing, and government.