DOWNLOAD PDF THE MILITANT IRANIAN OPPOSITION IN IRAN AND IN EXILE

Transcription

1 Chapter 1 : Mossad Agents Participated in Capturing Iranian Bombers in Belgium - OpsLens Despite all the efforts, the exiled Iranian political-militant organization Mojahedin-e Khalqm's (MEK) remains unpopular among ordinary Iranians, Iranian dissidents, and opposition figures in the United States. It hosts a U. A quickening tempo of mostly crude bombing and shooting attacks has accompanied a government crackdown, which culminated last year in the dissolution of the main opposition bloc. The dead year-old militant, Reda al-ghasra, was shot and killed when security forces ambushed the speedboat carrying him and fellow fugitives at dawn on February 9. Ghasra had just a few weeks earlier escaped from a prison where he was serving a life sentence for terrorism. They played a recorded phone call of Reda saying his boat was on its way. The Bahraini government has asserted he was fleeing to Iran. According to the security assessment, Sanadi tasked Ghasra with forming militant cells with Iranian help. Clashes with police killed scores of activists and suspected militants, while Bahrain says 24 of its officers have been killed. Most clashes involve youths throwing rocks and molotov cocktails, but there has been a series of bombings in recent years. Iran denies the accusation. Sanadi has powerful allies in Iran, where he has lived since he went into exile in His name appears alongside leaders in al Qaeda and Islamic State. Wafa and the Ashtar Brigades did not respond to requests for comment about their relationship. A Wafa party representative contacted by Reuters agreed to relay questions to Sanadi but did not ultimately reply. The Ashtar Brigades announced an alliance with the Iran-backed Hezbollah Brigades via an online statement in February. Sanadi spoke of his relationship with Ghasra in a communication to his followers on messaging app Telegram, dated in March and seen by Reuters. He declined to comment on links between his brother and Sanadi. Sanadi is the only official of his party to have eluded a long-term jail sentence, though he spent six months behind bars amid protests on rioting charges. Six months later he departed legally for Iran. We in the Islamic Wafa Movement announce that we have begun a new phase as a tribute to the martyrs: Sanadi also took to the main stage at a conference of Ahl al-bayt, a Qom-based global fraternity of scholars founded by Khamenei in Page 1

2 Chapter 2 : Germany agrees Iranian 'spymaster' extradition - The National Iran Table of Contents. Many of the opposition parties that were suppressed inside the country were reorganized abroad. In more than a dozen political parties were active among the Iranian exile communities in Western Europe, the United States, and Iraq. Embassy in Tehran, Iran, on Sunday, marking the 39th anniversary of the seizure of the embassy by militant Iranian students. The walls were covered with blood. When his yelling did not give him a result, as I was ignoring him, he hit me. A few blows to the head and I was unconscious. And as soon as I did, I realized someone had been watching me from a distance and was approaching. She slipped into an alley, and behind a parked car where she waited for other women, also draped in chadors, to enter the area, she mingled among them. The pain and suffering of my people, my nation, are my pains. One day I said to myself that I have to take a stand and put everything, including my life, on the line to overthrow this despicable regime. They are all considered to be connected to a terrorist movement: The Paris-based opposition group, which was once a U. Demonstrators chant slogans during an annual rally in front of the former U. Embassy in Tehran on Sunday to mark the 39th anniversary of the seizure of the embassy by militant Iranian students. The Iranian government also blames the MEK for the deaths of more than 12, Iranians over the past three decades. The MEK was designated a foreign terrorist organization by the U. State Department in but was removed from the list in Eight years earlier, then-u. And as they have in the past, women have been crucial players in many of those demonstrations. According to the most recent statistics provided by World Prison Brief, more than, people are behind bars in Iran. At least are estimated to have been arrested over the year, with some during the month of August alone. I know all the dangers, but will continue this fight. But the country does not seem to be in a pre-revolutionary phase, as there is no viable alternative to the existing regime, which for its part retains the will and a fearsome capability to repress. The Iranian opposition in exile remains in disarray. Mass demonstrations took place in Tehran and other major cities over the weekend, in which the US flag was burned as hundred expressed their grievances as the sanctions came into effect. S Secretary of State Mike Pompeo. Page 2

3 Chapter 3 : Here's John Bolton Promising Regime Change in Iran by the End of The National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI; Persian: Ø ÙˆØ±Ø ÛŒ Ù Ù ÛŒ Ù Ù Ø ÙˆÙ Øª Ø ÛŒØ±Ø Ù â Ž, translit. Å urä -ye melli-e moqä wemat-e ĪrÄ n) is an Iranian political organization based in France. A demonstrator holds an effigy of Uncle Sam during a rally in front of the former U. Embassy in Tehran, Iran, on Sunday, marking the 39th anniversary of the seizure of the embassy by militant Iranian students. The walls were covered with blood. When his yelling did not give him a result, as I was ignoring him, he hit me. A few blows to the head and I was unconscious. And as soon as I did, I realized someone had been watching me from a distance and was approaching. She slipped into an alley, and behind a parked car where she waited for other women, also draped in chadors, to enter the area, she mingled among them. The pain and suffering of my people, my nation, are my pains. One day I said to myself that I have to take a stand and put everything, including my life, on the line to overthrow this despicable regime. They are all considered by the regime to be connected to a terrorist movement: The Paris-based opposition group, which was once a U. Demonstrators chant slogans during an annual rally in front of the former U. Embassy in Tehran on Sunday to mark the 39th anniversary of the seizure of the embassy by militant Iranian students. The Iranian government also blames the MEK for the deaths of more than 12, Iranians over the past three decades. The MEK was designated a foreign terrorist organization by the U. State Department in but was removed from the list in Eight years earlier, then-u. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld designated the group as civilian "protected persons" under the Geneva Convention. And as they have in the past, women have been crucial players in many of those demonstrations. According to the most recent statistics provided by World Prison Brief, more than, people are behind bars in Iran. At least are estimated to have been arrested over the year, with some during the month of August alone. I know all the dangers, but will continue this fight. But the country does not seem to be in a pre-revolutionary phase, as there is no viable alternative to the existing regime, which for its part retains the will and a fearsome capability to repress. The Iranian opposition in exile remains in disarray. Mass demonstrations took place in Tehran and other major cities over the weekend, in which the US flag was burned as hundred expressed their grievances as the sanctions came into effect. S Secretary of State Mike Pompeo. She has extensively reported from war zones including Iraq, Syria, Yemen, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Burma and investigates global conflicts, war crimes and terrorism around the world. Follow her on twitter and Instagram holliesmckay Trending in World. Page 3

4 Chapter 4 : Rendell called support for Iran exile group 'the right thing' - Philly Giuliani said the Paris-based opposition organization was the democratic answer to an Iranian regime he called "a group of outlaws and murderers and people who pretend to be religious people and. Iran Table of Contents Many of the opposition parties that were suppressed inside the country were reorganized abroad. In more than a dozen political parties were active among the Iranian exile communities in Western Europe, the United States, and Iraq. All of these parties belonged to one of four broad ideological groups: With the notable exception of the Mojahedin and the ethnic Kurdish parties, the expatriate opposition parties eschewed the use of political violence to achieve their shared goal of overthrowing the regime in Tehran. Monarchists The several monarchist political parties supported the restoration of a royalist regime in Iran. With varying degrees of enthusiasm the monarchists contended that Reza Cyrus Pahlavi, the eldest son born of the last shah, was the legitimate ruler of the country. Subsequently, he announced that he wanted to reign as a constitutional monarch and have a role similar to the role of the king of Spain. The most active monarchist group has been the Paris- based National Resistance Movement of Iran under the leadership of Shahpour Bakhtiar, the last royalist prime minister. In general, the monarchist parties have been weakened by personality conflicts among the several leaders. When Manuchehr Ganji, a former royalist cabinet officer, broke with Amini in, many Iran Liberation Front followers joined him in forming a new rival party called the Banner of Kaveh, after the legendary pre-islamic blacksmith hero who defeated an evil tyrant and restored the rule of ancient Iran to a just shah. Democratic Parties The democratic parties also consisted of several groups, all of which supported a republican form of government; some of them, such as the National Democratic Front and the Kurdish Democratic Party of Iran KDP, also espoused varying forms of socialism. Neither the National Front nor the National Democratic Front has engaged in significant political activity since, although the latter party joined the Mojahedin-dominated National Council of Resistance in that year and was still a member in In contrast, the KDP, which advocated political and cultural rights for the Kurdish ethnic minority within a federally organized government, has been fighting against the Islamic Republic since By the beginning of, however, KDP forces had been driven out of Iranian Kordestan, although they continued to conduct sporadic hit-and-run operations against units of the army and Pasdaran from bases in Iraqi and Turkish Kurdistan. Islamic Groups In the principal Islamic party in opposition to the government of Iran was the Mojahedin, which had been founded in by a group of religiously inspired young Shias. All were college graduates who believed that armed struggle was the only way to overthrow the shah. In the early s, the Mojahedin engaged in armed confrontations with the military and carried out acts of terrorism, including the assassination of an American military adviser. The Mojahedin was crushed for the most part by, but it reemerged in early and revitalized itself. Its interpretations of Islam, however, soon brought the organization into conflict with the IRP. During the summer of, the Mojahedin unsuccessfully attempted an armed uprising against the government. More than 7, Mojahedin followers were killed during the conflict, and within one year the organization had once again been crushed. In France he reorganized the Mojahedin and tried to broaden its appeal by inviting all nonmonarchist parties to join the National Council of Resistance, which he and Bani Sadr established to coordinate opposition activities. Although most of the political parties refrained from cooperating with the Mojahedin, it nevertheless was most successful in recruiting new members and establishing a loyal following in United States and West European cities with sizable Iranian communities. The Mojahedin maintained clandestine contact with sympathizers in Iran, and these underground cells regularly carried out isolated terrorist acts. For this reason, Tehran was more concerned about the Mojahedin than any other opposition group based abroad. The freedom of operation that the Mojahedin enjoyed in France became one of the issues that led to increasingly strained relations between the Iranian and French governments after When Paris actively sought to improve relations in late, Prime Minister Musavi set restrictions on the Mojahedin as one of the conditions for normalizing relations. In June, France pressured the Page 4

5 Mojahedin to curtail its activities. This move prompted Rajavi to accept an invitation from President Saddam Husayn of Iraq for the Mojahedin to establish its headquarters in Baghdad. Following the move to Iraq, the Mojahedin set up military training camps near the war front and periodically claimed that its forces had crossed into Iran and successfully fought battles against the Pasdaran. In June, Rajavi announced the formation of the newly reorganized and expanded National Army of Liberation, open to non-mojahedin members, to help overthrow the government of Iran. Marxists Like the Mojahedin, several Marxist political parties have maintained clandestine cells inside the country. The Fadayan Majority, which later in suffered the same fate as the Tudeh, was decimated by government persecution; its surviving members eventually joined the Tudeh. The Komala Komala-ye Shoreshgari-ye Zahmat Keshan-e Kordestan-e Iran, or Committee of the Revolutionary Toilers of Iranian Kordestan, a predominantly, but not exclusively, Kurdish party, had rejected as early as the Tudeh and Fadayan Majority policy of cooperation with the regime and continued to fight against central government forces up to the end of, when it was forced to retreat to Iraqi Kurdistan. The Fadayan Minority had joined the Mojahedin uprising in and consequently lost most of its cadres in the ensuing confrontation with the regime. It has party offices in several West European cities and on university campuses in the United States. Chapter 5 : Trump attorney Rudy Giuliani: US sympathizes with Iran regime change World news The Gu The group is made up of Iranian expat and political opposition communities in the US and is tied to the controversial Iranian opposition group in exile, Mujahideen e Khalq (MEK), which is considered by Iran and many other countries as a terrorist organization. Chapter 6 : Exiled cleric points to Iran's widening influence in Bahrain Reuters Who rules Iran?: the structure of power in the Islamic Republic / 11 The Militant Iranian Opposition in Iran and in Exile 17 Main Groups in the Militant. Chapter 7 : Kurdish Militants Vow 'New Resistance' Against Iran Following Missile Attacks With its leadership forced to flee Iran in, the MEK's members set up a government-in-exile in France and established a military base in Iraq, where they were given arms and training by. Chapter 8 : UN condemns rocket attack on militant Iranian exiles in Iraq US news The Guardian Political parties in Iran Islamic Association of Iranian Medical Society: Opposition parties active in exile Monarchists. All. Chapter 9 : Iran fears plot by US and its Gulf allies as pressure grows - AOL News The Iranian leadership has long classified MEK as a terrorist organization, not only for its present opposition but for siding with Saddam Hussein during the devastating Iran-Iraq war of the s. Page 5