The Ottoman Empire: From Expanding Power to the Sick Man of Europe

Transcription

1 Learning in Retirement 1516 Dunton Tower, Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Dr. Ottawa, ON K1S 5B ext.1756 carleton.ca/linr The Ottoman Empire: From Expanding Power to the Sick Man of Europe Lecturer: Oksana Drozdova Fall Session II: Thursday, November 2 December 7, 10:30 a.m. 12:30 p.m. Location: Room 124, Leeds House Building Schedule of topics: Week 1 (November 2): Key aspects of Ottoman historiography; The establishment and the rise of the Ottoman Empire; The conquest of Constantinople and its consequences. Goodwin, Jason. Lords of the Horizons: A History of the Ottoman Empire (New York: Henry Holt, 1999). Freely, John. The Grand Turk: Sultan Mehmet II, Conqueror of Constantinople and Master of an Empire (New York: Overlook Press, 2009). İnalcık, Halil and Donald Quataert. An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994). İnalcık, Halil. The Ottoman Empire: The Classical Age, (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1973). Week 2 (November 9): The development of Constantinople; The social structure of the Ottoman Empire; The Balkans after the fall of Constantinople; The Empire after Mehmet II. Gerber, Haim. State and Society in the Ottoman Empire (Farnham: Ashgate, 2010). Misha Glenny. The Balkans: Nationalism, War and the Great Powers, (New York: Viking, 2000). Barbara Jelavich. History of the Balkans (Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1983). Did you know? Your registration in the LinR program allows you to borrow materials from Carleton University s MacOdrum Library. To receive a temporary borrowing card, visit the circulation desk and identify yourself as a participant of LinR.

2 Boyar, Ebru. Ottomans, Turks and the Balkans: Empire Lost, Relations Altered (London: Tauris Academic Studies, 2007). Week 3 (November 16): The principles of Ottoman rule: its advantages and limitations; The conquest of the Arab lands; Süleyman the Magnificent and his legacy; Faroqhi, Suraiya. The Ottoman Empire as a World Power, (Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012). Kunt, İ. Metin and Christine Woodhead. Süleyman the Magnificent and his Age: The Ottoman Empire in the Early Modern World (London; New York: Longman, 1995). Reston, James. Defenders of the Faith: Christianity and Islam Battle for the Soul of Europe, (New York: Penguin Books, 2010). Week 4 (November 23): The stagnation period in Ottoman history; The Ottoman-Safavid War and the conquest of the Safavid State of Iran; The Great Ottoman War and subsequent relationships with Europe. Braude, Benjamin. Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire: The Functioning of a Plural Society (New York: Holmes & Meier Publishers, 1982). Week 5 (November 30): The decline of the Ottoman Empire; Reforms of the Ottoman realm; Russo-Turkish wars and the struggle for naval domination. Aksan, Virginia H. Ottoman Wars : An Empire Besieged (Harlow, England: Longman/Pearson, 2007). Macfie, A. L. The Eastern Question, (London; New York: Longman, 1996). Emrence, Cem. Remapping the Ottoman Middle East: Modernity, Imperial Bureaucracy, and the Islamic State (London; New York: I.B. Tauris, 2012). Hamadeh, Shirine. The City's Pleasures: Istanbul in the Eighteenth Century (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2008). 2 sur 8

3 Week 6 (December 7): The Empire in the 19th century; National revolutions in the Balkans and the creation of nation-states; The Tanzimat era in Ottoman history; The First World War and the Collapse of the Empire; Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the creation of the Turkish Republic. Göçek, Fatma Müge. The Transformation of Turkey: Redefining State and Society from the Ottoman Empire to the Modern Era (London; New York: I.B. Tauris, 2011). Rodogno, Davide. Against Massacre: Humanitarian Interventions in the Ottoman Empire, : the Emergence of a European Concept and International Practice (Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, 2012). Findley, Carter Vaughn. Turkey, Islam, Nationalism, and Modernity: A History, (Yale University Press, 2010). Zürcher, Erik Jan. The Young Turk Legacy and Nation Building: From the Ottoman Empire to Atatürk's Turkey (London: I. B. Tauris, 2010). Lamprou, Alexandros. Nation-Building in Modern Turkey: the 'People's Houses', the State and the Citizen (London: I B Tauris, 2015). Kinross, Patrick and Baron Balfour. Ataturk: A Biography of Mustafa Kemal, Father of Modern Turkey (New York: Morrow, 1965, 1964). Gawrych, George W. The young Atatürk: From Ottoman Soldier to Statesman of Turkey (London; New York: I.B. Tauris, 2013). Recommended readings for continued learning: Maksudyan, Nazan. Orphans and Destitute: Children in the Late Ottoman Empire (Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press, 2014). Cottrell, P. L. East Meets West: Banking, Commerce and Investment in the Ottoman Empire (Aldershot, England; Burlington, VT: Ashgate Pub., 2008). Orhan Pamuk. Snow (New York: Knopf: Distributed by Random House, 2004). Orhan Pamuk. My name is Red (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2001). Orhan Pamuk. Silent House (London : Faber and faber, 2012). Orhan Pamuk. The museum of innocence (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2009). 3 sur 8

4 Other interesting resources: List of the Ottoman Sultans Rise of the Empire ( ) Osman I ( ) Orhan ( ) Murad I ( ) Bayezid I ( ) ; BEY (The Esquire) KARA (lit. The Land or The Black for his bravery) ; BEY (The Esquire) SULTAN-İ AZAM (The Most Exalted Sultan) HÜDAVENDİGÂR - Khodāvandgār (The God-like One) ŞEHÎD (Shāhīd); SULTAN-İ RÛM (Sultan of the Roman Empire); YILDIRIM (The Thunderbolt) Ottoman Interregnum ( ) Mehmed I ( ) Murad II ( ) ( ) ÇELEBİ (The Affable); KİRİŞÇİ (lit. The Bowstring Maker for his support) KOCA (The Great) Growth of the Ottoman Empire ( ) Mehmed II ( ) ( ) Bayezid II ( ) Selim I ( ) Süleyman I ( ) Selim II ( ) Murad III ( ) Mehmed III ( ) ; QAYSER-İ RÛM (Caesar of the Roman Empire) FATİH (The Conqueror) VELÎ (The Saint); YAVUZ (The Strong); Hadim ul Haramain ish-sharifain (Servant of Mecca and Medina) MUHTEŞEM (The Magnificent) or KANÛNÎ (The Lawgiver) SARI (The Blond); ADLÎ (The Just); Stagnation of the Ottoman Empire ( ) Ahmed I ( ) Mustafa I ( ) ( ) Osman II ( ) Murad IV ( ) Ibrahim ( ) BAKHTÎ (The Fortunate); DELI (The Deranged); GENÇ (The Young); ŞEHÎD (Shāhīd) SAHİB-Î KIRAN (The Conqueror of Baghdad); ' DELİ (The Deranged); Conqueror of Crete ŞEHÎD (Shāhīd); 4 sur 8

5 Mehmed IV ( ) AVCI (The Hunter); Süleyman II ( ) Ahmed II ( ) KHAN GHAZI (The Warrior Prince); Mustafa II ( ) Decline of the Ottoman Empire ( ) Ahmed III ( ) Tulip Era Sultan Mahmud I ( ) Osman III ( ) Mustafa III ( ) Abdülhamid I ( ) KAMBUR (The Hunchback) SOFU (The Devout) YENİLİKÇİ (The First Innovative) Abd ūl-hāmīd (The Servant of God) ISLAHATÇI (The Improver) Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire ( ) Selim III ( ) Mustafa IV ( ) Mahmud II ( ) Abdülmecid I ( ) Abdülaziz I ( ) Murad V ( ) Abdülhamid II ( ) BESTEKÂR (The Composer) NİZÂM-Î (Regulative - Orderly) ŞEHÎD (Shāhīd) İNKILÂPÇI (The Reformer) TANZİMÂTÇI (The Strong Reformist or The Advocate of Reorganization) BAHTSIZ (The Unfortunate) ŞEHÎD (Shāhīd) Ulû Sultân Abd ūl-hāmīd Khan (The Sublime Khan) 5 sur 8

6 Mehmed V ( ) REŞÂD (Rashād)(The True Path Follower) Mehmed VI ( ) VAHDETTİN (Wāhīd ād-dīn)(the Unifier of Religion (Islam) or The Oneness of Islam) Republican Caliphate ( ) Abdülmecid II ( ) A Guide to Ottoman Titles Agha -- used for the commanders of the sultan's regiment, notably the commander-in-chief of the janissaries, and also for the chief eunuch -- the head of the sultan's private household -- among others Bey - military commander; ruler of emirate; later senior civil functionary Çelebi -- respectful title informally given to an intellectual Efendi -- respectful title similar in meaning to Çelebi; also used for religious functionaries; in the nineteenth century used as equivalent to 'Monsieur' Emir -- Muslim tribal or princely ruler of a small state (emirate) Hetman -- titles used by the Cossak chief or leader: Polish military commander Hoca -- used for religious functionaries Kadi -- judge and notary Khan -- used by Tatar ruler, of the Crimea in particular Mirza -- title of Iranian princes Pasha -- highest title accorded to military commanders or statesmen 6 sur 8

7 Reis -- title of naval commanders Sultan -- ruler with supreme authority; also used for princes and senior females of the Ottoman house Vezir -- title of the sultan's ministers, with both military and political authority; the grand vezir was the most senior of these Alphabet The modern Turkish alphabet has 29 letter, of which 6 are unfamiliar to those who don't know the language. c as j in Jane ç as ch in chip ğ silent; lengthens a preceding vowel ı as i in cousin ö as eu in Fr. deux ş as sh in ship ü as in Fr. tu Merhaba! Hello! Nasılsın? How are you? (informal expression similar to French comment va-tu? ) Nasılsınız? How are you? (formal expression similar to French comment allez-vous? ) Benim adım. My name is.. 7 sur 8

8 Senin adın ne? What is your name? (comment t appelles-tu?) Sizin adınız ne? What is your name? (comment vous appelez-vous?) Teşekkür ederim! Thank you! Sağol! Thanks! Teşekkürler! Thank you! 8 sur 8