The transformations of Islamic architecture

Transcription

1 The transformations of Islamic architecture

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5 To WOMEN with STRENGTH...She believed she could, so she did

6 TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

7 CHAPTER 2 ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE

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9 CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

10 CHAPTER 4 CASE STUDIES CHAPTER 5 conclusions AND RECOMMENDATIONS REFERENCES 86

11 Fig. 1-1 The dome of the rock, Jerusalem Fig. 1-2 a Mina I ware bowl Fig. 1-3 a silk carpet Fig. 1-4 Taj Mahal, India Fig. 1-5 Map showing world Muslim population Fig. 2-1 Map showing Mecca and Medina, Saudi Arabia Fig. 2-2 A painting of Mecca city in 1778 Fig. 2-3 A diagram showing the five pillars of Islam Fig. 2-4 A Sketch of a faithful during prayers Fig. 2-5 An African Muslim woman s attire Fig. 2-6 An Arabic Muslim woman attire Fig. 2-7 Gur-e Amir tomb of Timur (Samarkland) Fig. 2-8 Yesil Turbe, Bursa Fig. 2-9 Royal tomb of Askia, Mali. Fig Elevation of Sulaybiya Mausoleum Fig Aerial view of Sulaybiya Mausoleum Fig Plan of Sulaybiya Mausoleum Fig Section of Sulaybiya Mausoleum Fig location of Damascus and Medina Fig. 2-15Sassanian, Jabalieh Dome, Kerman, Iran Fig Sassanian silver gilt elliptical bowl with a vine scroll, 5 th century B.C Fig A map showing the spread of the Islamic empire Fig 2-21The Great Mosque of Cordoba, Spain Fig 2-19 The Great Mosque of Damascus, Syria Fig 2-20 Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem, Israel Fig location of Baghdad and Damascus Fig The Large courtyard of the Sheikh Zayed Mosque. Fig Abbasid palace, Baghdad, Iraq Fig The Great Mosque of Samarra, Iraq Fig Al-Azhar Mosque, Cairo, Egypt. Fig Al-Aqmar Mosque, Cairo, Egypt. Fig Al-Hakim Mosque, Cairo, Egypt Fig Zavareh Mosque, Iran. Fig Kayseri, Anatolia, Turkey. Fig Ardestan Mosque, Iran Fig Caravanserai of Qansuh Al-Ghuri, Cairo, Egypt. Fig Madrasa and Mausoleum of An-Nasir Muhammad, Cairo, Egypt Fig Mosque of Muhammad Ali, Cairo, Egypt Fig Uc Serefeli mosque, Edirne, Turkey Fig Great mosque, Bursa, Turkey Fig Hudavandiga mosque, Bursa, Turkey Fig Mosque of Shaykh Luffallah, Isfahan, Fig Ali Qapu palace, Isfahan, Fig Chilhil Sutun, Isfahan, Iran Fig Khwaju bridge, Isfahan, Iran Fig The Great Mosque of Kairouan, Tunisia Fig Hassan II Mosque, Casablanca, Morocco. Fig Djenne Mosque, Timbuktu, Mali. Fig Larabanga Mosque of Ghana. Fig Muammar Gaddafi Mosque, Kampala, Uganda. Fig Beit el-amani Peace Memorial Museum, Zanzibar. Fig Aerial view of Sheikh Zayed Mosque. Fig Aerial view of Sheikh Zayed Mosque. Fig Entrance elevation of Sheikh Zayed. Fig Interior of the Main prayer hall. Fig A view of the Grand Mosque from the Sheikh Zayed bridge. Fig The Grand Entrance of the Sheikh Zayed Mosque.

12 Fig One of the two Women s prayer hall in the Grand Mosque. Fig 2-55 The Onion domes and open arches Fig Street view of (IMA) building. Fig The southern portion of ( IMA) building Fig The entrance to the IMA building Fig The south façade of the southern portion. Fig The multipurpose space in the Institute. Fig The Metallic brise soleil system (Musharabiya). Fig Exterior view of the brise soleil system Fig The geometric patterns on the Fig Ground floor plan of the IMA building Fig The site location of the IMA building. Fig Section through the IMA building. Fig Views of the south façade Fig View of the interior of IMA building Fig. 4-1 Aerial view of the Faisal Mosque. Fig. 4-2 picturesque setting of the Faisal Mosque. Fig. 4-3 The entrance to the courtyard. Fig. 4-4 The sunken courtyard of the Faisal Mosque. Fig. 4-5 The constructive form of the Mosque Fig. 4-6 The view of the courtyard from the Mosque entrance Fig. 4-7 The Site plan of the Faisal Mosque. Fig. 4-8 The Ground floor plan of the Faisal Mosque. Fig. 4-9 The Roof floor plan of the Faisal Mosque. Fig The arcade on the sunken courtyard. Fig A section through the entrance courtyard Fig A view of the interior Main prayer hall. Fig The Museum of Islamic arts, Doha. Fig A perspective of the Main building. Fig Cubist expression of geometric progression. Fig The curved double staircase on the entrance lobby. Fig The entrance to the Museum Fig The atrium in the entrance lobby of the Museum. Fig The atrium in the entrance lobby. Fig The Ground floor plan of the Museum Fig The Faceted dome of the Museum Fig The atrium of the Museum. Fig Sections through the Museum Fig Jamia Mosque (1925) Fig Jamia Mosque (1960) Fig Jamia Mosque (1980) Fig Main entrance to Men s prayer hall Jamia Mosque Fig Present day Jamia Mosque. Fig Courtyard entry of Jamia Mosque Fig Location of Jamia Mosque in Nairobi CBD. Fig The onion silver domes and geometrical patterns on the façade Fig The two twin minarets of the Mosque Fig The open canopy of the minarets. Fig The Mihrab in the Mosque. Fig The interior perspective of the Men s prayer hall. Fig The atrium connecting the original construction to the new extension. Fig The Women s prayer hall on the first level. Fig The Main entrance elevation. Fig The Masjidur Rahma. Fig The Main entrance to Masjidur Rahma. Fig Location of Masjidur Rahma, Hurlingham, Nairobi. Fig The gate entrance of the Mosque Fig Arched openings and a combination of simple and complex geometric patterns adorn the gate entrance of the Mosque Fig The square based tapered minaret. Fig The round ablution pool surrounded by a curved screened wall Fig The entrance elevation of the mosque with geometrical patterns, Musharabiya and wooden arched openings.

13 Fig The Musharabiya screens provide shade and privacy Fig Large Arched wooden windows with musharabiya screens Fig A perspective of the Main prayer hall and the Mihrab Fig The Musharabiya screen on the Mihrab (Geometric patterns, calligraphy Fig The dome directly above the ornamented Mihrab on the Qibla wall. Fig 4-51 The richly ornamented dome interior and the exterior dome roof system with openings for ventilation. Fig. 5-1 A basic rectangular courtyard form. Fig. 5-2 section through a basic courtyard form. Fig. 5-3Types of courtyard forms. Fig. 5-4 An eight pointed star. Fig. 5-5 An eight pointed star. Fig. 5-6 A Six pointed star. Fig. 5-7 A Seven pointed star. Fig. 5-8 A Nine pointed star. Fig. 5-9 A Ten pointed star. Fig A n Eleven pointed star. Fig A Twelve pointed star. Fig A Thirteen pointed star. Fig A Fourteen pointed star. Fig A Sixteen pointed star. Fig A table showing the evolution of geometric designs. Fig Palm in Umayyad Mosque(Umayyad) Fig 5-17 Mihrab of Cordoba Fig Mihrab of Al-Azhar Mosque (Fatimid) Fig Evolution of vegetal designs. Fig late Il-Khanid moulded tile Fig 5-21 Al-Nasir Muhammad Ibn Qalawun Madrasa (Mamluk) Fig 5-22 A Portal in Shah Mosque (safavid) Fig 5-23 Selimiye Pasa Complex (Ottoman) Fig dimensional Islamic calligraphy. Fig dimensional Islamic calligraphy. Fig 5-26 Types of Kufic calligraphy Fig 5-27 Kufic calligraphy Fig 5-28 Naskh calligraphy. Fig 5-29 Nasta liq calligraphy Fig 5-30 Diwani calligraphy Fig 5-31 Bee hive dome. Fig 5-32 Compound dome Fig 5-33 Cross arched dome. Fig 5-34 Hemispherical dome. Fig 5-35 Onion dome. Fig 5-36 Oval dome. Fig 5-37 Saucer dome. Fig 5-38 Umbrella dome. Fig 5-39 Parabolic dome. Fig 5-40 Horse shoe arches. Fig 5-41 Horseshoe arch. Fig 5-42 Transverse arches. Fig 5-43 Types of Pointed acrhes. Fig 5-44 Types multi foil arches. Fig 5-45 Square minarets. Fig 5-46 Cylindrical shaft minarets Fig 5-47 Polygonal shaft minarets.

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