10. What was the early attitude of Islam toward Jews and Christians?

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1 1. Which of the following events took place during the Umayyad caliphate? a. d) Foundation of Baghdad Incorrect. The answer is b. Muslims conquered Spain in the period , during the Umayyad caliphate. (See section A Map of Time in b. c) Establishment of the Delhi sultanate Incorrect. The answer is b. Muslims conquered Spain in the period , during the Umayyad caliphate. (See section A Map of Time in c. a) Crusader conquest of Jerusalem Incorrect. The answer is b. Muslims conquered Spain in the period , during the Umayyad caliphate. (See section A Map of Time in d. b) Conquest of Spain Correct. The answer is b. Muslims conquered Spain in the period , during the Umayyad caliphate. (See section A Map of Time in 2. Which of the following statements best describes Mecca in the sixth century C.E.? a. b) It was an agricultural village. Incorrect. The answer is a. Mecca was home to the Kaaba, Arabia s most important religious shrine; it attracted many pilgrims and the trade that came with pilgrims. (See section The Homeland of Islam in b. a) It was a pilgrimage and trading center. Correct. The answer is a. Mecca was home to the Kaaba, Arabia s most important religious shrine; it attracted many pilgrims and the trade that came with pilgrims. (See section The Homeland of Islam in c. d) It was a small kingdom. Incorrect. The answer is a. Mecca was home to the Kaaba, Arabia s most important religious shrine; it attracted many pilgrims and the trade that came with pilgrims. (See section The Homeland of Islam in d. c) It was a major trade center, thanks to its position on a major long-distance trade route. Incorrect. The answer is a. Mecca was home to the Kaaba, Arabia s most important religious shrine; it attracted many pilgrims and the trade that came with pilgrims. (See section The Homeland of Islam in

2 3. Who was the founding prophet of Islam? a. d) Muhammad Correct. The answer is d. Muhammad ibn Abdullah ( C.E.) was the founding prophet of Islam. (See section The Messenger and the Message in b. c) Abraham Incorrect. The answer is d. Muhammad ibn Abdullah ( C.E) was the founding prophet of Islam. (See section The Messenger and the Message in c. a) Ali Incorrect. The answer is d. Muhammad ibn Abdullah ( C.E) was the founding prophet of Islam. (See section The Messenger and the Message in d. b) Abu Bakr Incorrect. The answer is d. Muhammad ibn Abdullah ( C.E) was the founding prophet of Islam. (See section The Messenger and the Message in 4. What does Muslim mean? a. c) People of God Incorrect. The answer is b. Muslim literally means one who submits, that is, to the will of God. (See section The Messenger and the Message in b. d) The godly Incorrect. The answer is b. Muslim literally means one who submits, that is, to the will of God. (See section The Messenger and the Message in c. a) Chosen people Incorrect. The answer is b. Muslim literally means one who submits, that is, to the will of God. (See section The Messenger and the Message in d. b) One who submits Correct. The answer is b. Muslim literally means one who submits, that is, to the will of God. (See section The Messenger and the Message in

3 5. Which of the following is one of the five requirements for Muslims known as the Pillars of Islam? a. b) To actively spread the faith to others Incorrect. The answer is c. Support of the poor and needy is a requirement of all Muslims and is one of the pillars of Islam. (See section The Messenger and the Message in b. d) To abstain from eating meat Incorrect. The answer is c. Support of the poor and needy is a requirement of all Muslims and is one of the pillars of Islam. (See section The Messenger and the Message in c. a) To fight for the faith Incorrect. The answer is c. Support of the poor and needy is a requirement of all Muslims and is one of the pillars of Islam. (See section The Messenger and the Message in d. c) To give to the poor Correct. The answer is c. Support of the poor and needy is a requirement of all Muslims and is one of the pillars of Islam. (See section The Messenger and the Message in 6. What event marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar? a. a) The emigration of Muhammad and his followers to Medina Correct. The answer is a. The 622 flight of Muhammad and his followers to Medina, called the hijra, transformed the small Muslim community and marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. (See section The Transformation of Arabia in b. b) Muhammad s first sermon Incorrect. The answer is a. The 622 flight of Muhammad and his followers to Medina, called the hijra, transformed the small Muslim community and marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. (See section The Transformation of Arabia in c. d) The death of Muhammad and beginning of the caliphate Incorrect. The answer is a. The 622 flight of Muhammad and his followers to Medina, called the hijra, transformed the small Muslim community and marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. (See section The Transformation of Arabia in d. c) Muhammad s first revelation Incorrect. The answer is a. The 622 flight of Muhammad and his followers to Medina, called the hijra, transformed the small Muslim community and marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. (See section The Transformation of Arabia in

4 7. In which of the following ways is Islam different from Christianity? a. d) It never developed a professional clergy. Correct. The answer is d. In strong contrast to Christianity, Islam never developed a professional clergy with the role of mediating between God and humankind. (See section The Transformation of Arabia in b. a) It never developed religious doctrines. Incorrect. The answer is d. In strong contrast to Christianity, Islam never developed a professional clergy with the role of mediating between God and humankind. (See section The Transformation of Arabia in c. c) It did not recognize the authority of a state. Incorrect. The answer is d. In strong contrast to Christianity, Islam never developed a professional clergy with the role of mediating between God and humankind. (See section The Transformation of Arabia in d. b) It is monotheistic. Incorrect. The answer is d. In strong contrast to Christianity, Islam never developed a professional clergy with the role of mediating between God and humankind. (See section The Transformation of Arabia in 8. This battle of the year 751 had lasting consequences since it stopped China s westward expansion. a. a) Battle of Tours Incorrect. The answer is c. In 751 the Muslims crushingly defeated a Chinese army at Talus River, stopping China s westward expansion and making the conversion of Central Asia s Turkic-speaking peoples possible. (See section War, Conquest, and Tolerance in b. c) Battle of Talas River Correct. The answer is c. In 751, the Muslims crushingly defeated a Chinese army at Talus River, stopping China s westward expansion and making the conversion of Central Asia s Turkic-speaking peoples possible. (See section War, Conquest, and Tolerance in c. b) Battle of Yarmuk Incorrect. The answer is c. In 751 the Muslims crushingly defeated a Chinese army at Talus River, stopping China s westward expansion and making the conversion of Central Asia s Turkic-speaking peoples possible. (See section War, Conquest, and Tolerance in d. d) Battle of Dorylaeum Incorrect. The answer is c. In 751 the Muslims crushingly defeated a Chinese army at Talus River, stopping China s westward expansion and making the conversion of Central Asia s Turkic-speaking peoples possible. (See section War, Conquest, and Tolerance in

5 9. What is the meaning of the word umma? a. b) Journey Incorrect. The answer is d. The Muslim community, or umma, was first formed when Muhammad and his early followers migrated to Medina. (See section The Messenger and his Message in your textbook.) b. a) Struggle Incorrect. The answer is d. The Muslim community, or umma, was first formed when Muhammad and his early followers migrated to Medina. (See section The Messenger and his Message in your textbook.) c. c) A path to water Incorrect. The answer is d. The Muslim community, or umma, was first formed when Muhammad and his early followers migrated to Medina. (See section The Messenger and his Message in your textbook.) d. d) Community Correct. The answer is d. The Muslim community, or umma, was first formed when Muhammad and his early followers migrated to Medina. (See section The Messenger and his Message in 10. What was the early attitude of Islam toward Jews and Christians? a. b. b) They recognized Judaism as a parent religion, but saw Christianity as a threat because of the nearby Byzantine Empire. Incorrect. The answer is a. Most early Muslims simply referred to themselves as believers and did not distinguish between themselves, Jews, and Christians, but the state required payment of a special tax since Jews and Christians did not perform military service. (See section War, Conquest, and Tolerance in a) They recognized both as peoples of the book and treated them honorably in return for a special tax. Correct. The answer is a. Most early Muslims simply referred to themselves as believers and did not distinguish between themselves, Jews, and Christians, but the state required payment of a special tax since Jews and Christians did not perform military service. (See section War, Conquest, and Tolerance in c. c) They recognized the Christian roots of their own religion, but dismissed Judaism as archaic. d. Incorrect. The answer is a. Most early Muslims simply referred to themselves as believers and did not distinguish between themselves, Jews, and Christians, but the state required payment of a special tax since Jews and Christians did not perform military service. (See section War, Conquest, and Tolerance in d) Believing their religion to be superior, early Muslims tried to force their Jewish and Christian subjects to convert to Islam. Incorrect. The answer is a. Most early Muslims simply referred to themselves as believers and did not distinguish between themselves, Jews, and Christians, but the state required payment of a special tax since Jews and Christians did not perform military service. (See section War, Conquest, and Tolerance in

6 11. What is social conversion? a. c) Move from one social class to another Incorrect. The answer is b. Social conversion is conversion to another religion not because of deeply held conviction but because it is socially expedient to do so; many subjects of the early Muslim Empire originally converted in this way. (See section Conversion in b. a) Adoption of the language of a conquering people by its new subjects Incorrect. The answer is b. Social conversion is conversion to another religion not because of deeply held conviction but because it is socially expedient to do so; many subjects of the early Muslim Empire originally converted in this way. (See section Conversion in c. d) Mass conversion of a whole society thanks to a charismatic preacher Incorrect. The answer is b. Social conversion is conversion to another religion not because of deeply held conviction but because it is socially expedient to do so; many subjects of the early Muslim Empire originally converted in this way. (See section Conversion in d. b) Acceptance of another religion as a move to another social group Correct. The answer is b. Social conversion is conversion to another religion not because of deeply held conviction but because it is socially expedient to do so; many subjects of the early Muslim Empire originally converted in this way. (See section Conversion in 12. Which of the following encouraged many subjects of the early Muslim Empire to convert to Islam? a. d) Members of other religions were persecuted. Incorrect. The answer is c. Many people converted to Islam because they wanted to hold government positions, and conversion aided their social mobility. (See section Conversion in b. c) Conversion aided social mobility. c. Correct. The answer is c. Many people converted to Islam because they wanted to hold government positions, and conversion aided their social mobility. (See section Conversion in b) Christian and Jewish priests and teachers had fled, leaving their communities with no religious instruction. Incorrect. The answer is c. Many people converted to Islam because they wanted to hold government positions, and conversion aided their social mobility. (See section Conversion in d. a) Only Muslims were allowed to own land. Incorrect. The answer is c. Many people converted to Islam because they wanted to hold government positions, and conversion aided their social mobility. (See section Conversion in

7 13. The people of this country mostly converted to Islam in the period , but without adopting Arabic language or culture. a. a) Iraq Incorrect. The answer is d. Most Persians adopted Islam, but retained their language, Farsi, and Persian culture. (See section Conversion in b. d) Persia Correct. The answer is d. Most Persians adopted Islam, but retained their language, Farsi, and Persian culture. (See section Conversion in c. c) Egypt Incorrect. The answer is d. Most Persians adopted Islam, but retained their language, Farsi, and Persian culture. (See section Conversion in d. b) Afghanistan Incorrect. The answer is d. Most Persians adopted Islam, but retained their language, Farsi, and Persian culture. (See section Conversion in 14. What is The Book of Kings? a. d) A great collection of pre-islamic Arabic poetry Incorrect. The answer is a. The Persian author Ferdowsi completed his enormous epic The Book of Kings (Shahnama) in 1010; it confirmed pre-muslim Persian identity. (See section Conversion in b. c) An Egyptian classic Incorrect. The answer is a. The Persian author Ferdowsi completed his enormous epic The Book of Kings (Shahnama) in 1010; it confirmed pre-muslim Persian identity. (See section Conversion in c. a) A Persian epic Correct. The answer is a. The Persian author Ferdowsi completed his enormous epic The Book of Kings (Shahnama) in 1010; it confirmed pre-muslim Persian identity. (See section Conversion in your textbook.) d. b) The chronicle of the Islamic conquests Incorrect. The answer is a. The Persian author Ferdowsi completed his enormous epic The Book of Kings (Shahnama) in 1010; it confirmed pre-muslim Persian identity. (See section Conversion in

8 15. What was the main source of administrative practices and court practices in the Islamic world? a. b) Persian tradition Correct. The answer is b. Administration and court practices are only two of the areas of pervasive Persian influence on the Islamic world. (See section Conversion in b. a) Arabic tradition Incorrect. The answer is b. Administration and court practices are only two of the areas of pervasive Persian influence on the Islamic world. (See section Conversion in c. d) Turkish tradition Incorrect. The answer is b. Administration and court practices are only two of the areas of pervasive Persian influence on the Islamic world. (See section Conversion in d. c) Byzantine tradition 16. Who was Ali? Incorrect. The answer is b. Administration and court practices are only two of the areas of pervasive Persian influence on the Islamic world. (See section Conversion in a. d) Muhammad s cousin and the fourth caliph Correct. The answer is d. Ali was Muhammad s cousin and son-in-law and the fourth caliph. The Shia faction of Islam believes that only a descendant of Ali can be the true caliph. (See section Divisions and Controversies in b. c) The first Sufi Incorrect. The answer is d. Ali was Muhammad s cousin and son-in-law and the fourth caliph. The Shia faction of Islam believes that only a descendant of Ali can be the true caliph. (See section Divisions and Controversies in c. b) The founder of the Abbasid caliphate Incorrect. The answer is d. Ali was Muhammad s cousin and son-in-law and the fourth caliph. The Shia faction of Islam believes that only a descendant of Ali can be the true caliph. (See section Divisions and Controversies in d. a) The first caliph Incorrect. The answer is d. Ali was Muhammad s cousin and son-in-law and the fourth caliph. The Shia faction of Islam believes that only a descendant of Ali can be the true caliph. (See section Divisions and Controversies in

9 17. Which of the following was true of early Sunni Muslims? a. c) They believed that political leaders should be selected by the Islamic community. Correct. The answer is c. Sunni Muslims accepted the rule of the caliphs as political leaders chosen by the Islamic community, unlike their Shia adversaries. (See section Divisions and Controversies in b. a) They believed that Muslims should serve only God, not a political leader. Incorrect. The answer is c. Sunni Muslims accepted the rule of the caliphs as political leaders chosen by the Islamic community, unlike their Shia adversaries. (See section Divisions and Controversies in c. d) They believed that caliphs should be primarily religious, rather than political, leaders. d. Incorrect. The answer is c. Sunni Muslims accepted the rule of the caliphs as political leaders chosen by the Islamic community, unlike their Shia adversaries. (See section Divisions and Controversies in b) They believed that the only proper leader of the Muslim community was somebody related to the prophet Muhammad. Incorrect. The answer is c. Sunni Muslims accepted the rule of the caliphs as political leaders chosen by the Islamic community, unlike their Shia adversaries. (See section Divisions and Controversies in 18. A Shia religious authority, with religious authority to interpret revelation and law infallibly, is known as a. c) caliph. Incorrect. The answer is a. Imams are the religious authorities of Shia Islam, believed to hold special religious authority that allows them to interpret both revelation and law infallibly. (See section Divisions and Controversies in b. a) imam. Correct. The answer is a. Imams are the religious authorities of Shia Islam, believed to hold special religious authority that allows them to interpret both revelation and law infallibly. (See section Divisions and Controversies in c. b) ulama. Incorrect. The answer is a. Imams are the religious authorities of Shia Islam, believed to hold special religious authority that allows them to interpret both revelation and law infallibly. (See section Divisions and Controversies in d. d) sharia. Incorrect. The answer is a. Imams are the religious authorities of Shia Islam, believed to hold special religious authority that allows them to interpret both revelation and law infallibly. (See section Divisions and Controversies in

10 19. This branch of Islam believes that its defeated leaders are in hiding and will come back at some time in the future. a. c) Nestorian Incorrect. The answer is d. Shia Muslims, after losing a series of rebellions, developed the belief that their leaders are not really dead but only in hiding, from where they will return in the fullness of time. (See section Divisions and Controversies in b. a) Sunni Incorrect. The answer is d. Shia Muslims, after losing a series of rebellions, developed the belief that their leaders are not really dead but only in hiding, from where they will return in the fullness of time. (See section Divisions and Controversies in c. d) Shia Correct. The answer is d. Shia Muslims, after losing a series of rebellions, developed the belief that their leaders are not really dead but only in hiding, from where they will return in the fullness of time. (See section Divisions and Controversies in d. b) Sufi Incorrect. The answer is d. Shia Muslims, after losing a series of rebellions, developed the belief that their leaders are not really dead but only in hiding, from where they will return in the fullness of time. (See section Divisions and Controversies in 20. This city became the capital of the new Abbasid caliphate in the mid-eighth century. a. b) Baghdad Correct. The answer is b. The new Abbasid caliphate built Baghdad to serve as their new capital. (See section Divisions and Controversies in b. a) Damascus Incorrect. The answer is b. The new Abbasid caliphate built Baghdad to serve as their new capital. (See section Divisions and Controversies in c. d) Istanbul Incorrect. The answer is b. The new Abbasid caliphate built Baghdad to serve as their new capital. (See section Divisions and Controversies in d. c) Mecca Incorrect. The answer is b. The new Abbasid caliphate built Baghdad to serve as their new capital. (See section Divisions and Controversies in

11 21. What brought the Abbasid caliphate to an end? a. c) Mongol conquest Correct. The answer is c. The Mongols ended the Abbasid caliphate by conquest in 1258, long after the caliphs had lost most real power. (See section Divisions and Controversies in b. b) Umayyad rebellion and takeover Incorrect. The answer is c. The Mongols ended the Abbasid caliphate by conquest in 1258, long after the caliphs had lost most real power. (See section Divisions and Controversies in c. d) Division of the caliphate into independent sultanates Incorrect. The answer is c. The Mongols ended the Abbasid caliphate by conquest in 1258, long after the caliphs had lost most real power. (See section Divisions and Controversies in d. a) Turkish conquest Incorrect. The answer is c. The Mongols ended the Abbasid caliphate by conquest in 1258, long after the caliphs had lost most real power. (See section Divisions and Controversies in 22. A Muslim mystic is known as a. c) a mullah. Incorrect. The answer is d. Sufis are Muslim mystics; they renounced the material world and sought direct experience of the divine through meditation and other religious exercises. (See section Divisions and Controversies in b. a) an imam. Incorrect. The answer is d. Sufis are Muslim mystics; they renounced the material world and sought direct experience of the divine through meditation and other religious exercises. (See section Divisions and Controversies in c. b) ulama. Incorrect. The answer is d. Sufis are Muslim mystics; they renounced the material world and sought direct experience of the divine through meditation and other religious exercises. (See section Divisions and Controversies in d. d) a sufi. Correct. The answer is d. Sufis are Muslim mystics; they renounced the material world and sought direct experience of the divine through meditation and other religious exercises. (See section Divisions and Controversies in

12 23. Which of the following statements is true of women in early Islam? a. d) Islam did not affect the position of women in Arabic society. Incorrect. The answer is a. Islam has always accepted women and men as equal before God, and early Muslims gave considerable rights to women. But contact with middle eastern cultures led to increasingly negative views of women and social restrictions on them. (See section Women and Men in Early Islam in b. b) Women were given full equal rights to men in early Islam. Incorrect. The answer is a. Islam has always accepted women and men as equal before God, and early Muslims gave considerable rights to women. But contact with middle eastern cultures led to increasingly negative views of women and social restrictions on them. (See section Women and Men in Early Islam in c. c) Islam from the beginning took away rights that women had had in Arabic society. Incorrect. The answer is a. Islam has always accepted women and men as equal before God, and early Muslims gave considerable rights to women. But contact with middle eastern cultures led to increasingly negative views of women and social restrictions on them. (See section Women and Men in Early Islam in d. a) They were accepted as equals before God, but faced increasing social restrictions over time. Correct. The answer is a. Islam has always accepted women and men as equal before God, and early Muslims gave considerable rights to women. But contact with middle eastern cultures led to increasingly negative views of women and social restrictions on them. (See section Women and Men in Early Islam in 24. Which Islamic people established the Sultanate of Delhi in 1206? a. a) The Persians Incorrect. The answer is c. Turkic-speaking peoples of Central Asia began a series of conquests of parts of India in c. 1000; the most stable state they created was the Sultanate of Delhi, founded in (See section The Case of India in b. d) The Iraqis Incorrect. The answer is c. Turkic-speaking peoples of Central Asia began a series of conquests of parts of India in c. 1000; the most stable state they created was the Sultanate of Delhi, founded in (See section The Case of India in c. b) The Arabs Incorrect. The answer is c. Turkic-speaking peoples of Central Asia began a series of conquests of parts of India in c. 1000; the most stable state they created was the Sultanate of Delhi, founded in (See section The Case of India in d. c) The Turks Correct. The answer is c. Turkic-speaking peoples of Central Asia began a series of conquests of parts of India in c. 1000; the most stable state they created was the Sultanate of Delhi, founded in (See section The Case of India in

13 25. Sufis played a major role in the conversion of which Islamic land? a. b) Egypt Incorrect. The answer is d. Sufis were especially appealing to Indians, because India had a long tradition of god-filled men. (See section The Case of India in b. c) West Africa Incorrect. The answer is d. Sufis were especially appealing to Indians, because India had a long tradition of god-filled men. (See section The Case of India in c. a) Iraq Incorrect. The answer is d. Sufis were especially appealing to Indians, because India had a long tradition of god-filled men. (See section The Case of India in d. d) India Correct. The answer is d. Sufis were especially appealing to Indians, because India had a long tradition of god-filled men. (See section The Case of India in 26. Which of the following statements is true of Anatolia in the period ? a. a) Most of the population converted to Islam and adopted the Turkish language. Correct. The answer is a. By 1500, the population of Anatolia was 90 percent Muslim and largely Turkic-speaking. (See section The Case of Anatolia in b. d) Most of the population converted to Islam but remained Greek in culture. Incorrect. The answer is a. By 1500, the population of Anatolia was 90 percent Muslim and largely Turkic-speaking. (See section The Case of Anatolia in c. c) Relatively little of the native population converted despite centuries of Turkish rule. Incorrect. The answer is a. By 1500, the population of Anatolia was 90 percent Muslim and largely Turkic-speaking. (See section The Case of Anatolia in d. b) Most of the population converted to Islam and adopted Arabic culture, including language. Incorrect. The answer is a. By 1500, the population of Anatolia was 90 percent Muslim and largely Turkic-speaking. (See section The Case of Anatolia in

14 27. Which of the following statements is true of Anatolia after the Turkish conquest? a. d) Turkish authorities discouraged conversion, believing Islam to be the religion of their own superior race. Incorrect. The answer is c. The Turks of Anatolia strongly encouraged conversion by welcoming converts and rewarding them. (See section The Case of Anatolia in b. a) Most of the civilian population suffered relatively little harm and was able to spring back quickly. Incorrect. The answer is c. The Turks of Anatolia strongly encouraged conversion by welcoming converts and rewarding them. (See section The Case of Anatolia in c. b) Turkish authorities were careful to respect the rights and property of their Christian subjects. Incorrect. The answer is c. The Turks of Anatolia strongly encouraged conversion by welcoming converts and rewarding them. (See section The Case of Anatolia in d. c) Turkish authorities offered material rewards in return for conversion. Correct. The answer is c. The Turks of Anatolia strongly encouraged conversion by welcoming converts and rewarding them. (See section The Case of Anatolia in 28. Which of the following statements best describes the spread of Islam in West Africa? a. d) Wandering Sufis spread Islam as missionaries. Incorrect. The answer is b. Muslim merchants carried Islam with them to West Africa, where it spread voluntarily. (See section The Case of West Africa in b. a) It was spread by North African conquerors. Incorrect. The answer is b. Muslim merchants carried Islam with them to West Africa, where it spread voluntarily. (See section The Case of West Africa in c. b) It was a voluntary process, spread by merchants. Correct. The answer is b. Muslim merchants carried Islam with them to West Africa, where it spread voluntarily. (See section The Case of West Africa in d. c) The king of Mali converted and forced his subjects to do the same. Incorrect. The answer is b. Muslim merchants carried Islam with them to West Africa, where it spread voluntarily. (See section The Case of West Africa in

15 29. What was al-andalus? a. b) Anatolia Incorrect. The answer is a. Muslims conquered southern and central Spain in the eighth century and called it al-andalus, the land of the Vandals. (See section The Case of Spain in b. a) Muslim-ruled Spain Correct. The answer is a. Muslims conquered southern and central Spain in the eighth century and called it al-andalus, the land of the Vandals. (See section The Case of Spain in c. d) Christian-ruled northern Spain Incorrect. The answer is a. Muslims conquered southern and central Spain in the eighth century and called it al-andalus, the land of the Vandals. (See section The Case of Spain in d. c) Muslim-ruled North Africa Incorrect. The answer is a. Muslims conquered southern and central Spain in the eighth century and called it al-andalus, the land of the Vandals. (See section The Case of Spain in 30. What happened to the Muslims of Spain when the Christian reconquest was completed in 1492? a. d) At first they suffered legal disabilities, but in time they were accepted as full citizens of Spain. Incorrect. The answer is c. At first, the Spanish Muslims after 1492 were allowed to practice their faith, although they were not allowed to issue the calls to prayer or to convert Christians; they were expelled in the early seventeenth century. (See section The Case of Spain in b. a) They were accepted as equal citizens in the new Spain of Ferdinand and Isabella. c. Incorrect. The answer is c. At first, the Spanish Muslims after 1492 were allowed to practice their faith, although they were not allowed to issue the calls to prayer or to convert Christians; they were expelled in the early seventeenth century. (See section The Case of Spain in c) They were granted freedom of worship but had to suffer restrictions on the practice of their faith, before being expelled in the early seventeenth century. Correct. The answer is c. At first, the Spanish Muslims after 1492 were allowed to practice their faith, although they were not allowed to issue the calls to prayer or to convert Christians; they were expelled in the early seventeenth century. (See section The Case of Spain in d. b) They all went into exile immediately. Incorrect. The answer is c. At first, the Spanish Muslims after 1492 were allowed to practice their faith, although they were not allowed to issue the calls to prayer or to convert Christians; they were expelled in the early seventeenth century. (See section The Case of Spain in

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