Cambridge University Press Fundamentalism: Prophecy and Protest in an Age of Globalization Torkel Brekke

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1 Abhinav Bharat, 124 Advani, L. K., 126 Africa, 40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 48, 51, 53, 61, 62, 71, 88, 102, 144, 145, 146, 158, 194, 226, 264, 268 Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud, 79, 80 al-afghani, Jamal ad-din, 196, 197, 197n24, 202 al-azhar, al-banna, Hasan, 77, 96, 110, 111, 151, 254 al Qaeda, 1, 2, 8, 153 American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 7 American Civil Liberties Union, 218, 219 Arhat, 138 Aristotle, 239 atheism, 36 authority, and family values, 240 Ayodhya, 127 Babar, Mughal ruler, 127 Babri Masjid, 127 Bajrang Dal, 124 Bellah, Robert N., 87 Beruf (calling), 19 Bharati, Uma, 250 Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), 10, 126, 127, 128, 129, 131, 132, 133, 160, 161, 205, 206, 222, 223, 250 biblical punishments, reconstructionist views, 143 Bob Jones University, 117 Bodhirak, founder of Santi Asoka, 85, 86 Bohemia, 89 Britain, 20, 26, 35, 45, 90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 104, 137, 250 British East India Company, 146 Bryan, Willam Jennings. See Scopes trial Butler Act, 217, 218 Butler, William. See Engel v. Vitale case Canavarro, Countess, 84 capitalism and Christian reconstructionism, 116 and Hindu fundamentalism, 123, 132 and Muslim fundamentalism, 106, 107 and Protestantism according to Weber,

2 288 Carey, William, 49, 49n14, 50, 51n18, 51n17, 51, 51n17, 52, 88 Carus, Paul, 209 charisma, 67 China, 20, 57, 67, 166 Christian Identity movement, 144 Christian schools in the United States, 214 Chulalongkorn, king of Thailand, 167 Church Missionary Society, 48 Cicero, 5 cities, and modernity, 21 Civic Biology, 216, 217 colonialism and differentiation, 40 and the globalization of differentiation, 43 and missionaries, 45 conservatism, 12 cyclical change, 17 Darrow, Clarence. See Scopes trial Darwin, Charles, 129, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 190, 191, 194, 195, 196, 197, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 208, 215 Darwinism, 23, 182, 191, 199, 201 Derby, John Nelson, 113 dhamma, Buddhist religion, 166 Dhammathat, 166 Dharmapala, Anagarika, 10, 60, 81, 82, 83, 84, 94, 207, 208, 208n36, 209, 210, 211, 236 Dharmarajya, 128, 130, 131, 134, 136 differentiation, 27, 29, 30, 31, 31n16, 32, 33, 34, 38, 40, 42, 43, 44, 53, 54, 59, 64, 65, 101, 123, 132, 135, 141, 195, 205, 212, 214, 221, 224, 225, 230, 231, 232, 233, 237, 265, 266, 267, 269 of religion outside the West, 54 dispensationalism, 113 Dobson, James, 241, 242, 243 economy and Buddhist fundamentalism, 135 and Christian reconstructionism, 116 and Hindu fundamentalism, 123, 131, 132 Egypt, 10, 46, 56, 57, 58, 72, 76, 77, 97, 106, 108, 110, 111, 112, 147, 149, 150, 151, 152, 202, 226, 227, 228, 229, 250, 251, 252, 253, 262, 267, 280 Eichhorn, Albert, 187 emergency, India , 125 Engel v. Vitale case, 220 Enlightenment, 22, 30, 35, 36, 142, 143, 224 Falwell, Jerry, 114, 141, 241 Federal Shariat Court, 157 freedom, concepts of, 172 Fundamentalism Project, 6, 41 Gandhi, Indira, 125, 126, 127, 206 assassination, 127 Gandhi, Mahatma, 120, 125, 126, 246 Gandhi, Rajiv, 164 Golwalkar, M.S., 10, 120, 121, 121n24, 122, 123 grama rajya, village rule, 135 Gunananda (political monk), 93 Hedgewar, Keshav Baliram, 120, 121, 247, 248 Heritage of the Bhikkhu, The, 133 Hidden Imam, 78, 79 Hindu Mahasabha, 160 Hindu Marriage Act, 160 hindutva, 124 Hitler, Adolf, and Hindu fundamentalism, 121 homeschooling in the United States, 214 homosexuality, 143 punishment according to reconstructionism, 143 Hus, John, 89 Hutton, James, 180 Ibn Taymiyya, 12 Ilyas, Maulana, 95

3 289 India, 9n6, 11, 20, 42, 44, 46n10, 47, 48, 51, 52, 55, 56, 60, 67, 72, 94, 95, 105, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 146, 155, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 168, 171, 195, 196, 204, 205, 206, 222, 223, 225, 230, 244, 245, 248, 249, 250, 259, 260, 264, 267, 268 sharia and British law, 146 industrialization, 20 Institutes of Biblical Law, The, 116 Iran and the Islamic revolution, 7, 75 Constituent Assembly, 79 jahiliyya, 107 Jamaat-e-Islami, 9, 155, 259 Jathika Hela Urumaya ( JHU), 94n10, 133, 134, 136, 169 Jinnah, Muhammad Ali, 103, 157 Joshi, M. M. (Indian politician), 206, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226 jurists, their role in Islam, 145 Kelkar, Lakshmibai, 247 Khaled, Amr, 97 Khalistan, Sikh state, 2 Khomeini, Ayatollah, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80 Krekar, Mullah, 1, 2, 101, 102, 103 Ku Klux Klan, 117 LaHaye, Tim, 241 Lakshmi, 247 Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), 259 legal transplants, 144 in modern Turkey, 148 Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), 134 linear change. See cyclical change Luther, Martin, 19, 90, 91 magician. See priesthood Mahabharata, 122, 205 Mahabodhi Society, 211, 235, 236 Malaysia, 46, 147, 165 sharia and British law, 147 Mathews, Shailer, 23 Maududi, Maulana, 9, , 107, , , , on purdah, 256 Methodism, 26, 91 millennialism, in Shia Islam, 79 Mir-Husseini, Ziba, 261 modernity, 18, 30, 44, 224 and the economy, 19 and modernism, 22 modernization, 22 Mongkut, king of Thailand, 49, 60, 84, 85, 138, 167 Moral Majority, 7, 114, 141 Muhammad, 67, 72, 78, 103, 106, 107, 108, 109, 145, 154, 156, 157, 227, 231n18, 251 Müller, Friedrich Max, 192 Mumbai, terrorist attack in 2008, 259 Muslim Brotherhood, 10, 77, 96, 107, 110, 111, 112, 151, 152, 229, 253, 254, 255 Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act (MWPRDA), 164 Naik, Zakir, 61, 97 Napoleon, 227, 250 Napoleonic code, 149 National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT), 223 National Council on Bible Curriculum in Public Schools, 221 National Democratic Alliance (NDA), 206, 222, 223, 224, 225 Neglected Duty, The, 109, 110 Nehru, Jawaharlal, 120 New Testament, 115, 190, 239 Newton, Isaac, 22, 35 nuclear war, and millenarianism, 114 objectification of religion, Occultation, of Imam, 78 Old Testament, 67, 68, 89, 185, 188 Operation Blue Star, 126 ordination lineage, Buddhist nuns and, 83

4 290 Pakistan, 7, 8, 9n6, 60, 72, 76, 103, 104, 105, 106, 122, 153, 155, 156, 157, 195, 202, 229, 230, 231, 256, 258n28, 259 constitution, 156 Parsons, Talcott, 27, 27n11, 28, 28n12, 29, 30, 42, 87, 212n1, 265 Pentecostalism, 26 and fundamentalism, 26 Philo of Alexandria, 184 Plymouth Brethren, 113 postmillennialism, 116 Powell, General Colin, 1, 2 premillennialism, 114 priesthood, 66 printing, and Islam, 72 Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, The, 19 purdah, 256 qawwam, 254, 255, 257, 257n26 Qur an, 11, 18, 96, 97, 106, 150, 151, 156, 163, 164, 165, 196, 198, 199, 201, 227, 232, 254, 255, 257 and evolution according to Maududi, 199 Maududi on Qur an and constitution, 156 Maududi s translation, 75 and modern law, 112 Rashid Rida s interpretation, 150 Sayyid Ahmad Khan s interpretation, 196 in Shah Bano case, 163 Sura 4:34 on women, 254 Qutb, Sayyid, 106, 107, 108, 109, 111, 151 Rahula, Walpola, 133 Rama, Hindu god, 122, 127, 244, 246 Ramakrishna Mission, 121 Ramayana, 122, 243 Rashtriya Swayamesvak Sangh (RSS), 10, 55, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 132, 161, 205, 206, 222, 225, 247, 249 Rashtriya Swayamsevika Samiti, 247 religion, no equivalent in other languages, 5 Rida, Rashid, 150 Riley, William Bell, 24 Ritambhara, 250 Robertson, Pat, 241 Roth, Lawrence. See Engel v. Vitale case Roy, Rammohan, 244 Rushdoony, Rousas John, 115, 116, 118 Sadat, Anwar, 109, 152, 153, 228 saffronization, 222 Samaj, Arya, 55, 120 Sangh Parivar, 123, 124, 249 Sangha, buddhist order of monks and nuns, 80, 83, 86, 94 Santi Asoka, 10, 85, 86, 138, 139, 167, 171 Saraswati, Swami Dayananda, 120 sati, 248 Savarkar, V. D., 124, 160 Scofield Reference Bible, 113 Scopes trial, 218, 219 Scopes, John T. See Scopes trial secularization, 3, 6, 26, 27, 31, 34, 35, 37, 41, 42, 64, 141, 175, 213, 218, 237, 265, 269 as decline in religious authority, 34 as privatization, 31 Shah Bano case, shakhas, branches of RSS, 125 Sikhism, 8, 11, 41, 52, 55, 56, 58, 62, 64, 69 Sita, wife of Rama, 243, 244, 246 socialism, 12, 129 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, 157 Spencer, Herbert, 191 Sri Lanka, 9n6, 10, 57, 58, 60, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 92, 93, 94, 133, 134, 136, 137, 139, 166, 168, 169, 170, 171, 211, 233, 234, 235, 236, 268 Supreme Court of India, 162 Supreme Jurist, 80

5 291 Tablighi Jamaat, 95 Thammayut Nikaya, 85 uniform civil code, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165 United States, 9, 84, 104, 114, 117, 118, 142, 143, 157, 169, 172, 201, 207, 209, 213, 217, 218, 264 Upadhyaya, Deendayal, U.S. Supreme Court on Bible reading in schools, 220 on prayer in schools, 220 utilitarianism, 150 Vajpayee, A. B., 126, 128 Venerable Soma, 169 vilayat-i faqih, government of the jurist, 78 Vinaya (monastic law), 165, 166, 167 Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP), 10, 55, 56, 124, 127, 128, 161, 247 Vivekananda, Swami, 94, 202, 203, 204, 245, 246, 247 Wahhabism, 12 Weber, Max, 14, 19, 28, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 69n8, 92, 92n7, 268 on capitalism, 19 Wesley, John, 22, 91 and science, 22 William of Ockham, 187 Women s Education Society of Ceylon (WES), 236 Wyclif, John, 89, 90n2, 91 Young Men s Buddhist Association (YMBA), 57 Young Men s Christian Association (YMCA), 57 Zia ul-haq, General, 156, 157, 230, 258 Zoroaster, 67

HISTORY 3453 Islam and Nationalism

HISTORY 3453 Islam and Nationalism James Whidden BAC 404 585-1814 jamie.whidden@acadiau.ca Office Hours: Mon-Fri: 10:00-12:00 Course Objectives: The Arab Spring has transformed domestic politics in the