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1 Name: Period: Date: Chapter XI Rome and Christianity Study Guide Disorder in the Republic Section I: From Republic to Empire Why was there disorder in the republic? Who tried to end the chaos in Rome s government? and he was How did he suggest ending the chaos? A powerful (and still famous today) general that tried to take over the government was Caesar conquered nearly all of what country?. Today this country is known as. Caesar had powerful friends; he made alliances with two very influential men; and Vocab. & People Cicero Julius Caesar Conquest of Gaul Pompey Did this friendly alliance last forever? Yes/No What happened? Crassus Caesar named himself for life. When is the ides of March and what happened on that day? First Triumvirate Julius Caesar boyhood / upbringing military leader public speaker crossing the Rubicon alliance builder hubris death of Caesar Vini, Vidi, Vici

2 The End of the Republic After Caesar s assassination, who took over and how did they know Caesar? Ides of March Et tu, Bruté? What was the priority of these two men after Caesar s death? Was Rome happy that Caesar was dead? Yes/No What happened at the Battle of Philippi? What started tension between Octavian and Antony? These tensions led to what battle? Octavian / Augustus Second Triumvirate What was the result of this battle? With dead, became the sole ruler of Rome. Marc Antony What did Octavian announce in 27 BC? But really What new name did the Senate give Octavian?, which means What marked the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of the Roman Empire? Rome s Growing Empire Cleopatra Battle of Actium The Roman conquests promoted, people in Rome needed. Rome imported what from the trading? and exported what to other countries? How were traded goods paid for? The first 200 years of the Roman Empire was considered, the name for this period of time is called, or currency Pax Romana Rome s Accomplishments Government aqueduct

3 Engineering Architecture Art Philosophy Romance languages civil law Section II: The Roman Empire and Religion Religious Tolerance and Conflict When the Romans conquered people (other countries) did they allow those people to keep their own religion? Yes/No Did Rome adopt some beliefs of those which they conquered? Yes/No Example Vocab. & People Rome vs. the Jews Christianity Were Romans monotheistic or polytheistic? (circle one) What was the relationship like between the Jews and the Romans? Causes Event Effects Jesus of Nazareth Jews rebel against Rome. Bible Messiah A New Religion Beginning first century AD, a new religion emerged known as, which is Christmas The roots or ideas of this new religion came from, but developed as a separate faith. Jewish prophets said a new leader would appear among them, he would be a descendant of and restore the greatness of King David s ancient kingdom, The Last Supper The prophets called this leader the, which means

4 Jesus of Nazareth Who was the man many people believed was the Jewish Messiah? Most of what we know about Jesus s life is found in the, or crucifixion Resurrection The Christian Bible is made up of parts which are the Old Testament The Christian Bible New Testament Easter disciples Jesus was born in *Mother was *Father was but Christians believe was the father As a young man, Jesus lived in and probably studied to be a. As he got older he began traveling and teaching Jesus attracted many followers but some thought that his teachings Who arrested Jesus while he was in Jerusalem? What happened after his arrest? What happened three days after he died (according to Christian beliefs)? which is referred to as the Apostles Paul of Tarsus persecution Constantine Early Christians believed that the Resurrection was a sign that, so people began calling him As part of Jesus s teachings he preached two things rooted from old Jewish traditions, and they were Another important theme in Jesus s teachings was or Why are there many different denominations of Christians?

5 Twelve disciples Jesus chose to receive special training are called Some of Jesus s disciples wrote, these accounts are called Four gospels in the New Testament are Who was the most important figure in the spread of Christianity after Jesus s death? The Growth of Christianity Early Christians spread Jesus s teachings only, but who introduced it to non Jews? Did all Roman officials welcome the teachings of Jesus? Yes/No A few Roman emperors feared that Christians would cause unrest, so they, which started a period of, or Who removed the ban on Christianity and why? Was Christianity ever declared Rome s official religion? Yes/No Problems in the Empire Section III: The End of the Empire In the early AD 100s, the Roman Empire stretched from south to and from the all the way to the. Why did some emperors give up some land of the empire? Vocab. & People Diocletian Western Empire Who was attacking Rome s northern borders? Who was attacking from the east? Name three things that affected the Romans internally (or within the empire) Who became emperor in the late 200s? What did he do that was different than other emperors? Eastern Empire Constantinople Who became emperor after Diocletian? What did he do? Where was most power in the empire located now? north, south, east, or west

6 The Decline of Rome Barbarians Who were the Huns and what did they do? Who were the Goths? What happened between the Goths and the Romans? Which fearsome Hun leader raided Roman territory in the east? Roman emperors were weak at this time so who decided to take over? What event is considered to have ended the Western Roman Empire? Vandals Goths (Visigoths / Ostrogoths) Attila Cause The Fall of Rome Effect efficient A New Eastern Empire corruption Despite the fall of the western empire the Empire grew in wealth and power. Who was the emperor whose passion was reuniting the old Roman Empire? ; what were some of his other passions? and Justinian organized all laws into a new legal system known as, which helped guarantee fair treatment for all. Justinian Theodora Did everyone like Justinian? Yes/No Who convinced him to stay in power and fight? Who captured Constantinople, bringing an end to the Eastern Roman Empire? Byzantine Empire What was the society in the Eastern Roman Empire called after its decline? ; this society had more influences. was extremely important in the Byzantine Empire; people began practicing Christianity different in the east than in the west. Eventually these differences led to a within the Christian church; the east formed the ; as a result eastern and western Europe was Orthodox Church

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