Accomplishments Scandal

Transcription

1 1970s

2 Richard M. Nixon (R) 37th President: Accomplishments: Visited China opened door for better relations Arms limit treaty with Soviet Union (1972) Ended war with North Viet Nam (1973) Scandal: Watergate Scandal Resignation

3 China On February 21, 1972, President Richard M. Nixon arrived in China for an official trip. He was the first U.S. president to visit the People's Republic of China (PRC since it was established in This was an important event because the U.S. was seeking to improve relations with a Communist country during the Cold War. President Nixon's trip to China ended twenty-five years of isolation between the United States and the China and resulted in the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries in 1979.

4 Watergate Scandal The Watergate scandal was a political scandal that occurred in the United States in the 1970s as a result of the June 1972 break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C., and the Nixon administration's attempted cover-up of its involvement. The scandal eventually led to the resignation of Richard Nixon, the President of the United States, on August 9, 1974, the only resignation of a U.S. President. The scandal also resulted in the indictment, trial, conviction and incarceration of 43 people, including dozens of Nixon's top administration officials.

5 Resignation In light of his loss of political support and the near certainty of impeachment, Nixon resigned the office of the presidency on August 9, 1974, after addressing the nation on television the previous evening. The resignation speech was delivered from the Oval Office and was carried live on radio and television. Nixon stated that he was resigning for the good of the country and asked the nation to support the new president, Gerald Ford. Nixon went on to review the accomplishments of his presidency, especially in foreign policy.

6 Watergate Fallout 1. What part did the Watergate scandal play in changing America s view of elected officials? 2. Do you think that elected officials were more trusted before Watergate? Why? 3. What scandals today continue to undermine our trust in them? 4. Do you think this should change? Why or why not? 5. Should there be a certain amount of distrust in elected officials?

7 Gerald R. Ford (R) 38 th President: Facts: Succeeded Nixon after his resignation. (25 th Amendment) Pardoned Nixon Challenges: Poor economy Energy shortages World peace

8 25 th Amendment Section 1. In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President. Section 2. Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the President shall nominate a Vice President who shall take office upon confirmation by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress.

9 Nixon Pardoned...I feel that Richard Nixon and his loved ones have suffered enough and will continue to suffer, no matter what I do, no matter what we, as a great and good nation, can do together to make his goal of peace come true. Now, therefore, I, Gerald R. Ford, President of the United States, pursuant to the pardon power conferred upon me by Article II, Section 2, of the Constitution, have granted and by these presents do grant a full, free, and absolute pardon unto Richard Nixon for all offenses against the United States which he, Richard Nixon, has committed or may have committed or taken part in during the period from January 20, 1969 through August 9, 1974.

10 Reasons for Pardon 1. What reasons does President Ford provide for issuing a pardon to former President Nixon? (speech and Proclamation 4311)? 2. Do you agree with President Ford s reasons for issuing a pardon? 3. How did President Ford s decision impact the presidential election of 1976?

11 Jordan ISRAEL MEDITERRANEAN SEA UNIFIL UNDOF Tyre National capital District (mehoz) centre City, town Airport 'Akko International boundary Boundary of former Palestine Mandate Haifa Armistice Demarcation Line District (mehoz) boundary Main road HAIFA Secondary road Railroad Hadera Oil pipeline Netanya km mi Al Arish Bi'r Lahfan Qiryat Gat Dimona Zin Lake Tiberias Tiberias Nazareth CENTRAL Herzliyya Nabulus TEL AVIV Tel Aviv-Yafo WEST BANK Bat Yam Ram Allah Ashdod Ramla Jericho Jerusalem Ashqelon JERUSALEM Bethlehem Gaza GAZA Khan Yunis Abu 'Ujaylah 'Ayn al Qusaymah Beersheba SOUTHERN NEGEV Nahariyya NORTHERN Tulkarm Hebron Zefa' LEBANON Qiryat Shemona 'Afula Madaba Dead Sea As Safi GOLAN Irbid Ak Karak Al Qunaytirah Jarash Dar'a Amman Az Zarqa' Al Mafraq Al Qatranah Damascus SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC As Suwayda' Busrá ash Sham JORDAN Israel Facts: Established Language Hebrew Religion Jewish, Christian, Muslim Government Democracy Population 7,859,300 (2012 estimate) Bi'r Hasanah Mizpe Ramon Al Jafr Ma'an 30 EGYPT S I N A I An Nakhl Al Kuntillah Yotvata Ra's an Naqb ISRAEL 30 The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the Elat part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or Taba Al 'Aqabah concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Gulf 34 of Aqaba 36 SAUDI ARABIA Map No Rev. 2 January 2004 UNITED NATIONS Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section

12 Jewish, Arab Issues Ø The Zionist movement arose to restore the Jews to Israel, largely ignoring the existing Arab population. Ø The Palestinians (Arabs) resented the Jews coming and taking their land. Ø Wars/Treaties Ø 1948: Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia defeated Ø 1956: Egypt defeated and Israel takes Sinai Peninsula and Gaza Ø 1967: The Six Day War, Egypt, Syria, and Jordan defeated Ø 1973: Yom Kippur War, Egypt and Syria defeated Ø : Camp David Accords peace between Egypt and Israel, negotiated by President Jimmy Carter

13 James Carter (D) 39 th President: Facts: Succeeded Ford following the 1976 General Election Challenges: Poor economy Energy shortages Iran Hostage Crisis Success: Camp David Accords

14 Camp David Accords Less than five years after ending a bloody war, Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Muhammad Anwar al- Sadat met at the U.S. presidential retreat Camp David in September President Jimmy Carter is in the middle. The formal signing took place in March The major flaw or failure was the inability to resolve the Palestinian issue.

15 ISLAMIC REP. OF Islamic Republic of Iran Van Gölü (Lake Van) AZARBAYJAN- Maku AZERBAIJAN Sal'jany Krasnovodsk Nebit-Dag Khvoy Van AZARBAYJAN-E CASPIAN Marand KHAVARI Astara SEA TURKEY Tabriz Daryacheh-ye Orumiyeh Ardabil (Lake Urmia) Orumiyeh Maragheh GILAN Mianeh Gonbad-e Rasht Qabus Miandowab Zanjan Rudbar Sakht Sar Mosul Mahabad Gorgan Arbil 'Amol Sari Saqqez ZANJAN MAZANDARAN Shahrud Qazvin As Sulaymaniyah KORDESTAN TEHRAN Kirkuk Sanandaj Tehran SEMNAN HAMADAN Semnan Saveh Hamadan Qasr-e Shirin Kermanshah Qom Daryacheh-ye Dasht-e Kavir Malayer Namak (Salt Lake) KERMANSHAH MARKAZI Borujerd Arak Kashan LORESTAN Baghdad Ilam Aligudarz Khorramabad Najafabad ESFAHAN ILAM Al Kut Karbala' Esfahan Al Hillah Dezful Shahr-e Kord Ardakan Al 'Amarah Masjed-e Qomsheh IRAQ CHAHARMAHAL Soleyman VA-BAKHTIYARI Yazd KHUZESTAN Bafq YAZD As Samawah An Nasiriyah Ahvaz Abadeh Bandar-e BOYERAHMAD VA-KOHGILUYEH Al Basrah Mah-Shahr Yasuj Rafsanjan E ARMENIA GHARBI Euphrates IRAN Tigris Araks Aras ARDEBIL Karkheh D e z Khorramshahr A badan KUWAIT Kuwait Qezel O wzan Borazjan Badar-e Bushehr Khersan Shiraz BUSHEHR Marv Dasht Hamun-e Jaz Murian FARS Firuzabad Mand TURKMENISTAN Sirjan Zarand Bojnurd Sabzevar Kashmar Gonabad Kerman Jiroft Ashkabad Bam Tedzhen Torbat-e Heydariyeh KHORASAN KERMAN Mashhad Birjand Tayyebat Zahedan Zabol Mary Herat AFGHANISTAN Zaranj PAKISTAN Jahrom SISTAN VA Lar BALUCHESTAN National capital SAUDI HORMOZGAN Bandar-e 'Abbas Provincial capital Iranshahr Hamun-e ARABIA Jaz Murian City, town Bandar-e Minab Langeh Ad Strait Airport Dammam BAHRAIN of Hormuz International boundary Manama Nikshahr Provincial boundary OMAN QATAR Ra's al Khaymah Gwadar Main road Al Hufuf Jask Doha Dubayy Secondary road Bandar UNITED ARAB Beheshti Railroad EMIRATES km The boundaries and names shown and the designations Abu Dhabi used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. OMAN mi Map No Rev. 1 UNITED NATIONS January 2004 P E R S I A N G U L F Kavir-e Namak G ULF OF OMAN Namakzar-e Shahdad (salt waste) ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN Department of Peacekeeping Operations Cartographic Section Most Iranians are Muslims; 89% belong to the Shi'a branch of Islam, the official state religion, and about 9% belong to the Sunni branch. Population: 78,868,711, 2012 estimate Language: Persian Government: Islamic Republic

16 The events following the seizure of the American embassy in Tehran by Iranian students on Nov. 4, In response to the exiled shah's admission to the United States for medical treatment, a crowd of about 500 seized the embassy and held 52 Americans hostage for 444 days. Iran Hostage Crisis