Rhetoric Level Tutor Guide

Transcription

1 Rhetoric Level Tutor Guide

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3 Introduction To the tutor... Education is the kindling of a flame, not the filling of a vessel. - Socrates Our journey of discovery of the true, good, and beautiful continues at the rhetoric level. Subjects are integrated and presented cohesively. At this level, students will read original documents and develop their own ideas, guided in the expression of these ideas. The goal in CSH will be to give our young adults, not just the tools for college, but the skills they need as they go forth to impact the world as Catholic adults. Our focus at Catholic Schoolhouse will be those tasks which are best accomplished in a group and which the group environment can bring an added level of inspiration and value. Classical education is at its core teacher or mentor involved; therefore, suggestions will be given to encourage family. With the continued use of the Catholic Schoolhouse Tour Guide as the framework, discussion between all family members will ease the pressure on a parent s time, allowing them to stay involved in their scholars education--and join the great conversation.. Catholic Schoolhouse recognizes that parents remain the scholar s primary educators, and all instruction is offered and suggested with this goal in mind. It is imperative that parents retain the privilege of directing and guiding the content of their child s studies, maintaining that level of autonomy which is an essential part of the home education experience. The At Home lessons offered through the Rhetoric Outline, provide a unique opportunity for parents to lead their scholar towards the depth and mastery necessary for a well-rounded, classical education. The Rhetoric level tutor provides support for the family home education mission. Tutors assist and facilitate the learning process through a well-ordered presentation of Chapter-based lessons. The sense of wonder in discovery, so obvious at the Grammar stage, is cultivated, honed and communicated with enthusiasm by the Rhetoric scholar, under the guidance of the tutor/parent. It is our sincere hope that this document will provide the necessary instruction, to aid tutors and parents in the important task of guiding the Rhetoric scholar to the heights of scholastic achievement, as facilitated through the classical model, and encompassed in the truth, beauty and goodness of the Catholic Faith. Your Catholic Schoolhouse Upper Level Team

4 CSH Year 2 Humanities Overview & Objective An integrated approach to humanities is key to a classical education. The subjects below will be explored in their relation to one another and in one context. The Humanities include topics you may recognize as history, literature, religion, social studies, geography and Latin. Geography Rhetoric geography will integrate current events with the knowledge scholars have acquired over many years of geography study. The objective of geography at the Rhetoric level is to provide a command over general current events and some politics. Scholars will gain the necessary concept of the world around them, presenting the opportunity of good stewardship, based upon the wisdom and knowledge obtained from the study of the Faith, and the active pursuit of Truth, Goodness and Beauty to rebuild Christendom in the world today. History History is a synthesis of integrated subjects affected by historical events and brings deeper explanation and understanding of world events. The scholar will integrate history with religion, literature, art, music, architecture, and geography analyzing the full picture of history and relating it to their own life and vocation. Religion Scholars will use the skills and knowledge gained over the years, to read excerpts of Church Documents to grow in understanding as to how and why the Church has responded to protect Her people, over the course of human history. Scholars will explore their Faith and how to apply it in a modern world. They will continue to have truth, beauty and goodness integrated into their lives, to help them as they move forward to uncover their vocation through apologetics. Finally, they will bring the fullness of the Faith into their own lives through ongoing study of Catholic culture and the various methods of prayer. Literature Classical literature selections deepen the scholar s understanding of history, religion, science and art. A thorough study of great literature improves analytical and communication skills, and provides a bridge to understanding people and events. Great literature stirs the soul and awakens the scholar to that sense of wonder, adventure and possibility, sadly missing in the lives of many. Latin Chant Scholars will engage in a survey of the basics of the ancient tradition of Latin Chant, with a focus on eight of the most recognized Latin hymns/chants from Church history (two hymns per quarter). Our study will begin with excerpts from the papal encyclical Musicae Sacrae, expand upon the vocabulary of our focus chant, provide a brief explanation of notation, and culminate with the recitation and singing of the memorized piece. History Web Scholars will use specific people, places and events to create a graph showing a connection made between all events. On each line connecting one person, place or event to another, a shorthand sentence will be written by the scholar to indicate the connection. The objective is for scholars to recognize the effect history has on events that might otherwise not seem connected. The scholar can visualize the connections by quickly examining the history web as a reference. The students will build upon the history web to establish a full picture.

5 CSH Year 2 Rhetoric Overview & Objective Rhetoric is the art of being able to effectively and persuasively communicate that which we believe. Catholic Schoolhouse rhetoric topics will include, but are not limited to: composition, speech, analyzing literature, conversation and discussion skills. Composition: Scholar will engage in effective rhetorical writing assignments across all topics of study, utilizing the classical/ oratorical essay format: exordium, narratio/oratio, partitio/divisio, confirmatio, refutatio, peroratio/ conclusio. Additionally, scholar will provide weekly reflective paragraphs, using quarterly historical literature selection and study questions. Biographical sketches on Catholic scientists and historical mathematicians, as well as historical essays will comprise a portion of the composition assignments. Speech Scholars will engage in the study, memorization and recitation of four famous speeches, spanning the history timeline. Speeches will be analyzed using the Five Canons of Rhetoric: Invention: Finding ways to Persuade Arrangement: Putting together the structure of the coherent argument Style: Presenting the argument cogently and eloquently Memory: Speaking extemporaneously Delivery: Making effective use of voice, gesture, text, images, etc. Socratic Discussion In the course of presentation of topics of study (History, Literature, Science, Religion, etc.), our scholars will explore a series of quarterly Socratic Dialogue questions, utilizing the fishbowl technique. The fishbowl consists of (and this is highly dependent upon the number of available scholars) an inner circle of scholars engaged in discussion on the quarterly question. The scholars will either argue for this open-ended question, providing supporting evidence; or against, providing support for their argument. The outer circle (fishbowl!) consists of student observers, taking notes and observing the interaction of those inside the fishbowl. When all arguments/answers are provided, the outer circle will have the opportunity to provide insight, ask questions and provide a critique of the interaction of the inner circle. Analyzing Literature Scholars will engage in literature analysis using skills gained throughout the quarter in the study of literary devices, Five Canons of Rhetoric, and Socratic Discussion. Analyses will be presented in the form of reflective paragraphs (one per week) and persuasive essays (one per quarter)

6 Antigone Literature Resources Written in 442 B.C., Antigone is the earliest play composed by Sophocles, devoted to the Theban cycle of myths. It contains the following themes: Human Law vs. Divine Law, Fate vs. Free Will, Wisdom vs. Power. Setting Antigone is set in Thebes, Ancient Greece in the remote mythological past, during the rule of King Creon Characters Antigone: daughter of Oedipus, former King. Creon: king, banished Antigone s father, Oedipus. Ismene: sister of Antigone. Haemon: son of Creon, fiancé of Antigone. Tiresias: blind prophet. Eurydice: wife of Creon, mother to Haemon. Sentry: guard. Nurse: traditional maternal figure. Chorus: commentators. Summary Eteocles has been given a proper burial, but Creon, Antigone's uncle who has inherited the throne, has issued a royal edict banning the burial of Polyneices, who he believes was a traitor. Antigone defies the law, buries her brother, and is caught. When Creon locks her away in prison, she kills herself. Enuma Elish Antigone in front of the dead Polyneices by Nikiforos Lytras The Enuma Elish is a Babylonian epic poem from the late second millennium, B.C. It tells the story of how the universe came into being, a great struggle among the gods, and the creation of the world and humanity. The name 'Enuma Elish' comes from the first two words of the poem, meaning 'when on high' or 'when in the heights'. It will be study in contrast and comparison to the Genesis biblical creation story: myth vs. scripture. The Allegory of the Cave The Allegory Of The Cave is a theory put forward by Plato, concerning human perception. Plato claimed that knowledge gained through the senses is no more than opinion and that, in order to have real knowledge, we must gain it through philosophical reasoning. The Song of Moses As a worthy legacy to the people for whom he has endured unparalleled hardships, Moses in his last days pronounces the three memorable discourses preserved in Deuteronomy. His chief utterance relates to a future Prophet, like to himself, whom the people are to receive. He then bursts forth into a sublime song of praise to Yahweh and adds prophetic blessings for each of the twelve tribes.

7 Additional Resources Religion Aquinas Five Proofs of the Existence of God 1 - FIRST MOVER: Some things are in motion, anything moved is moved by another, and there can't be an infinite series of movers. So there must be a first mover (a mover that isn't itself moved by another). This is God. 2 - FIRST CAUSE: Some things are caused, anything caused is caused by another, and there can't be an infinite series of causes. So there must be a first cause (a cause that isn't itself caused by another). This is God. 3 - NECESSARY BEING: Every contingent being at some time fails to exist. So if everything were contingent, then at some time there would have been nothing -- and so there would be nothing now -- which is clearly false. So not everything is contingent. So there is a necessary being. This is God. 4 - GREATEST BEING: Some things are greater than others. Whatever is great to any degree gets its greatness from that which is the greatest. So there is a greatest being, which is the source of all greatness. This is God. 5 - INTELLIGENT DESIGNER: Many things in the world that lack intelligence act for an end. Whatever acts for an end must be directed by an intelligent being. So the world must have an intelligent designer. This is God. 5 Canons of Rhetoric 1 - INVENTION: Finding ways to Persuade Rhetorical Studies 2 - ARRANGEMENT: Putting together the structure of the coherent argument 3 - STYLE: Presenting the argument cogently and eloquently 4 - MEMORY: Speaking extemporaneously 5 - DELIVERY: Making effective use of voice, gesture, text, images, etc. 4 Elements of a Well Written Paragraph UNITY: One single controlling idea ORDER: Organization of supporting sentences COHERENCE: The quality which makes your writing understandable COMPLETENESS: A well-developed paragraph

8 Latin Chant: Ave Maria Literature Focus Book: Antigone, by Sophocles Catholic Scientist: St. Albertus Magnus, German botanist History of mathematics: Sumerian and Babylonian contributions Featured Speech: Song of Moses, Dt. 32 Five Canons of Rhetoric: Introduction to the Canons Additional Literature Selections: Enuma Elish, Allegory of the Cave Attributes of God: Infinite, Eternal, Immutable, Simple, Social, One... Tour Guide Summary Weekly Tip: Rhetoric scholars need encouragement to speak; lecture has its place, but avoid one-sided instruction as much as possible History Timeline Period: Creation to 3000 B.C. Creation Mesopotamia Sumerians c B.C. Nile River Towns c B.C. Indus Valley Civilization c B.C. Religion What is the Mass? The Mass is the sacrifice of the new law in which Christ through the ministry of the priest offers Himself to God in an unbloody manner under the appearances of bread and wine. Science Plants pick up nutrients and water through their roots. They move up the stem through xylem and phloem. Then transpiration releases water through the leaf s stomata Geography Continents North America South America Europe Asia Australia Africa Antarctica Oceans Atlantic Pacific Indian Arctic Southern Latin Present tense: to love Amo Amas Amat Amamus Amatis Amant Week 1 - Tutor Background

9 Humanities All humanity desires happiness. Youth desire it most of all, and yet the pursuit of social status, wealth, material goods, or pleasure will not bring happiness as does the summum bonum or the Greatest Good, which is God Himself. Young minds want to know the world and conquer it, yet they need the wisdom to decipher truth, goodness and beauty. As the Book of Sirach explains, all wisdom comes from the Lord and will remain with Him. Therefore, to instill wisdom in our scholars, we must instill a knowledge and love of God. For, "the root of wisdom--to whom has it been revealed? Her subtleties--who knows them? There is but one wise, and truly awesome, seated upon His throne--the Lord." (Sirach 1:6-8). With the dawn of creation comes the proof of God's existence. Mathematics developed by the ancient Sumerian and Babylonians demonstrate the ordered world which must be created by an Unmoved Mover as Aristotle explains. Even Plato believed in the immortality of the soul. These "ordinary scholars" have followed the natural law so perfectly in their thought, that we still use their ideas today. Even before Jesus Christ has come, reason can take the wise quite far. God will inspire the rest, just like He will inspire our scholars. The events of this week s history unite together to demonstrate God's glory, His wisdom and His love. Keeping these ideas paramount, will help scholars as they learn the Five Canons of Rhetoric, read the classics and come to see how those who have not known God can still come to know Him, through that which He has created, although with limits. All events will lead up to the arrival of the Savior, which is why all timeline dates are referenced with Christ as the center (B.C., and A.D., which we refer to as Anno Domini--the Year of our Lord) and not B.C.E. or C.E. ("Common Era") which removes the central salvific moment in history to which all events either prefigure or return. Rhetoric The introduction of the Five Canons of Rhetoric will help scholars develop a cohesive understanding of the logical structure of the written and spoken word. Take the opportunity to show the scholar how the Canons appear within the various texts and literature selections they will be studying. As they explore each Canon, show how the Canon of Invention is present in Antigone, as she uses the persuasiveness of rhetoric to plead her case before King Creon, the Canon of Delivery, as it applies to their own presentations in Speech, etc. The rhetorical skills encompass all topics and therefore may be demonstrated throughout this week s lessons and the weeks to come. Week 1 - In Class

10 Pull the five History Timeline cards for this week. Scholars can take turns reading and briefly discuss you may give the choice between offering an insight of their own or asking a question Pass out geography map and Timeline Notebook pages. Have scholars label locations from history, literature, religion and other topics to get started. This map and timeline will serve as a weekly class and at-home resource. Provide the historical context for literature selections: The Enuma Elish and Antigone - Prologue and Parados (this information is contained in the 1st Quarter Literature Resource section, pg.?? Discuss focus text, Enuma Elish: Compare/contrast Biblical Creation story with other creation stories. (Enuma Elish is the Babylonian creation story scholar read over the summer). Ask scholars to provide other examples and explanations of the creation story. Discussion point: How do these stories compare to Genesis? How do we know which is true? Antigone: Prologue and Parados should have been read over summer; use Literature Guide lesson for Prologue and Parados - review vocabulary and choose 1 or two discussion questions to explore, in depth. Assign Scene 1 for next week. Summary of Prologue and Parados: The Parados sets the stage, with the Chorus providing a background of post-battle losses and the declaration of the King. The Prologue reveals Antigo ne s intention to defy the King and bury her brother, Polyneices, in accordance with her conscience and the moral imperative of burying the dead. Introduce Persuasive Essay topic: Were Antigone s actions moral? A persuasive essay will be due at the end of this quarter. Most of the work will be done on your own, but we can discuss it is additional help is needed. The topic for this quarter is: Were Antigone s actions moral? Discuss attributes of God in the context Genesis Creation story (He is infinite, eternal, immutable, simple, social, etc.) using material from the Week 1 Religion Supplement Discussion point: Which attribute do you feel God manifests most in His creative capacity? Discuss literary form with its relation to the Bible, see web resource in Tutor Prep- introduce quarterly skill, Allegory, from Literary Skills in Appendix. Discussion point: Is the Bible alone enough to learn what God has revealed? Discuss in light of Solo Scriptura vs. Sacred Tradition. Introduce Scholars to Prove God s Existence (see Tutor Prep for resource) for next week. Discuss the kind of information one would provide to prove God s existence. This Week s Humanities Homework History Timeline: Memorize Week 1 and Week 2 events History Web: Add Week 1 Literature Read Antigone, Scene 1, review Scene 1 vocabulary in Literature Guide Religion Have scholar write a proof to share with a friend who is wavering in his faith. Use the attributes discussed in class Geography/Current Events Iraq: Find a current event/issue with this country. What caused it? What can be done about it? How can the events we

11 Discuss and review Latin vocabulary across topics Discuss the Five Canons using Overview of the Five Canons of Rhetoric provided in the Quarterly resource pages/appendix on page?? of the Rhetoric Tutor Guide. Invention vs. Discovery. Define the two. Discussion point: What is the difference between Invention and Discovery? A discovery Is that which we find, because it already exists; an invention is that which we create, not previ ously in existence Song of Moses - Deuteronomy 32. Scholar should have already read and reviewed this selection as Summer homework assignment. Determine the feasibility of memorization of entire piece, or choose division points. Assign memorization pairs and discuss mnemonic aids. Discussion point: What tips or suggestions would you offer your classmates to aid in memorization? Remind scholars of the four elements of a well-written paragraph: UNITY: One single controlling idea ORDER: Organization of supporting sentences COHERENCE: The quality which makes your writing understandable COMPLETENESS: A well-developed paragraph This will help them prepare for weekly Reflective Paragraph assignments. Discuss the literary skill Allegory (provide definition from Literary Skill Resource in Appendix). Discussion point: Provide examples of allegorical tales: Aesop s Fables, Dr. Seuss, Narnia, etc. Socratic Discussion: Engage scholars in a Socratic Circle discussion (fishbowl) as outlined in Socratic Overview, having viewed suggested videos. Discussion Point: Offer the following topic for discussion, affirmative or negative: Does having multiple creation stories DENY God s existence or confirm it? At the end of discussion, introduce next week s topic: The Allegory of the Cave. Provide scholars with the necessary PDF of the selection and SS Forms for preparation. This Week s Rhetoric Homework Latin Read and study pgs. 3 and 4 in Gregorian Chant Coloring Book for Children and Adults Create vocabulary and term flashcards Memorize chant selection Composition Reflection paragraph: What is Antigone s response to Creon s questions regarding rewards and punishments? Compose a 300 word allegorical tale Socratic Discussion

12 Latin Chant: Ave Maria Literature Focus Book: Antigone, by Sophocles Catholic Scientist: St. Albertus Magnus, German botanist History of mathematics: Egypt s Mathematical Contributions Featured Speech: Song of Moses, Dt. 32 Five Canons of Rhetoric: Invention Additional Literature Selections: Allegory of the Cave Attributes of God: Infinite, Eternal, Immutable, Simple, Social, One... Tour Guide Summary Weekly Tip: Consider playing Latin Chant selections during quiet periods. This will reinforce the Latin Chant lessons and will also provide a peaceful environment for the accomplishment of classwork. History Timeline Period: 3000 B.C B.C. Noah s Ark Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt The Great Pyramid of Giza c B.C. Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Tower of Babel Religion Who said the first Mass? Our Divine Savior said the first Mass at the Last Supper the night before He died. Science Plants need chlorophyll to make their food with photosynthesis. Through respiration, plants use the food, it s really as easy as this. They use carbon dioxide to give off oxygen, making the air we breathe. These processes that plants must do happen in the...error in TOUR GUIDE Geography Western Hemisphere Eastern Hemisphere Equator Prime Meridian Lines Latitude Lines Longitude Latin Present tense: to love Amo Amas Amat Amamus Amatis Amant Week 1 - Teacher Background

13 Humanities Once again, the disobedience and sin of man, brings death and destruction to the world. Noah, a just man, obeys God s commands, securing his family and animal pairs within the Ark, safe from the ravaging waters of the Great Flood. This Ark, the vessel which saves humanity, prefigures another Ark, the Ark of the Covenant, which will contain God s saving word, and also the New Ark of the Covenant the Blessed Virgin Mary she who will carry the Word made flesh...he who comes to take away the sins of the world. By now, most scholars will have more than a rudimentary understanding of the biblical account of the Great Flood and should explore some of the other mythological accounts of the Flood, present in many cultures (Sumerian/Enuma Elish, Babylonian/Epic of Gilgamesh, Greek and Roman mythology, African tales, Chinese tales, etc.) Kingdoms rise, and man erects structures to reach the Heavens. The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World stand as testimony to man s ingenuity, as well as his folly, as only the Great Pyramid of Giza has escaped the ravages of time. Egyptian ingenuity flourishes with the Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt. Egyptian architecture, mathematics, science, agricultural development and military conquests, all material world accomplishments, were paving the way for a philosophical awakening. The natural world, the order of seasons and the stars revealed to ancient peoples an unseen Author, one which each culture would seek to define and determine through observation and the creation of many gods. The timeline for this week concludes with the Fall of the Tower of Babel and scattering and confusion of the peoples. In light of this event scholars should be encouraged to ponder the significance of the wisdom of trust in God, and the consequences of pride and trust in one s own abilities and ideas. Rhetoric This week s Rhetoric assignments will encompass the continued study of Latin in all contexts, with consistent review of Latin Chant vocabulary. The scholars should have increased familiarity in the Socratic Discussion format and this should become a time of real give and take. Each scholar should have the opportunity to spend time inside the fishbowl, even if for only a few minutes. Observers need to be encouraged to ask for clarifications, prompting those inside to deeper exploration of the topic question. Watch for fatigue, or slowed exchanges and be prepared to change questions as dialogue is exhausted. The Classical Model lends itself best to those natural opportunities of discussion which arise in the context of lessons and topics of exploration. The key word is natural as most of these discussion points present themselves as questions which arise as the result of deeper thought or contemplation. Allow scholars to ask questions regularly; ask questions, pausing frequently to allow thoughtful consideration. You needn t expect an answer, some questions may be left to research and meditation. Make a note of those questions which are not answered or explored. Come back to them later, whether during this week s class or the following week s. Week 2- In Class

14 Discuss with scholars the events in the timeline, and contrast with the events of the previous week. Scholars will continue to add events and locations to notebook and map. Discussion point: How does the covenant God makes with Adam compare to the covenant God makes with Noah? Iraq. From your homework: find a current event/issue with this country. Discussion point: What caused it? What can be done about it? How can the events we have studied in history shed light on the issue? This week s literature selections: Antigone Scene 1 Summary of Scene 1: King Creon has declared that the dead Polyneices isn t to be buried, nor a prayer said for him. A sentry informs King Creon that Polyneices has been buried and Creon demands that the man who did this be brought to him. Discuss Antigone, Scene 1 with Literature Guide lesson for Scene 1 - review vocabulary and choose one or two discussion questions to cover in class. Assign Scene 2 for homework Review the literary skill Allegory. List areas where allegory is apparent in today s lessons From homework: discuss the scholars personal proofs for God s existence. Have other scholars, with tutor guidance, find out if there are any holes in the arguments. (continue discussion next week). This Week s Humanities Homework History Timeline: Memorize Week 3 events. Literature Read Antigone, Scene 2 - note vocabulary in Lit. Guide Geography/Current Events Review all locations noted during study and include on map

15 Discuss and review Latin vocabulary across topics, review vocabulary from Latin Chant lesson. Canon of Invention: Invention vs. Discovery Discussion point: What is the difference between Invention and Discovery? A discovery is t hat which we find, because it already exists; an invention is that which we create, not previously in existence. Song of Moses: Provide scholars with the opportunity to recite/practice segments. Collect scholars allegorical tales. Ask for volunteers to read or randomly select for reading. Later, read over and offer encouraging suggestions, deferring to parents for actual grading. Discussion point: Did the selection fit the definition of an allegory? Collect Reflective Paragraph on Antigone. Review in class, read a couple for discussion (writer s identity need not be revealed unless desired). Return last week s Reflective Paragraph Socratic Discussion: Offer the following topic for discussion, use text-based affirmative or negative rebuttals/reflections: Discussion point: What does Plato s allegory tell us about how we recognize things and per ceive reality? What is truth, according to Plato, in this allegory? At the end of discussion, introduce next week s topic: China and the timeline. Note the linear aspect of history in China, as compared to the rest of the world. Scholars are to surmise why China s timeline is so different from the western world s. This Week s Rhetoric Homework Latin Read and study pg in GCC Study chant vocabulary flashcards Practice singing Ave Maria Composition Reflection paragraph: How does Creon treat Ismene and Antigone? What does he decide to do with them? Socratic Discussion Prepare the Socratic Seminar Participation Form for next week s topic: China and the timeline

16 Latin Chant: Ave Maria Literature Focus Book: Antigone, by Sophocles Catholic Scientist: St. Albertus Magnus, German botanist History of mathematics: Thales of Miletus Featured Speech: Song of Moses, Dt. 32 Five Canons of Rhetoric: Arrangement Additional Literature Selections: Allegory of the Cave Religion Document: Five Proofs of the Existence of God Aquinas Tour Guide Summary Weekly Tip: Consider peer review for papers submitted for commentary.. History Timeline Period: B.C. Minoans c B.C. The Call of Abraham c B.C. Sacrifice of Isaac Jacob Shang Dynasty c B.C. Religion How should we assist at Mass? We should assist at Mass with reverence, attention and devotion. Science Pollen from the stamen is moved to the stigma. This is pollination. A tiny seed forms so new plants can grow. And the cycle goes on and on. Geography Island Lake Isthmus Bay Peninsula Straight Latin Present tense: to love Amo Amas Amat Amamus Amatis Amant Week 3 - Teacher Background

17 Humanities And He took him outside and said, "Now look toward the heavens, and count the stars, if you are able to count them." And He said to him, "So shall your descendants be." Genesis 15:5 What a troubling promise God made to Abraham, a man with no child; a promise recalled when he was asked to sacrifice his beloved, only son upon an altar. Of whom is Isaac a type? Scholars should know this! The children of Abraham are many and their proliferation and the formation of the Twelve Tribes, rested upon this Covenant established by God, with Abraham. The Covenants have now shifted from a human couple (Adam and Eve), to a family (Noah and his wife and sons), and now to tribes (the descendants of Abraham). Rhetoric scholars will build upon this developmental understanding of how God is building relationships through Covenants, as we continue through Salvation History. As scholars continue to study the text of Antigone it is important to note the significance of Greek burial rites. According to Greek tradition, the unburied have no chance of life in the underworld. Complicated burial rituals were most often offered by the women of the family, and it was considered a point of honor and duty to bury the dead, particularly one s relatives. Antigone is a faithful sister and the her actions should be understood in contrast with Greek history and tradition. Religion this week continues its focus on St. Thomas Aquinas Five Proofs for the Existence of God. St. Thomas Aquinas Quinque Viæ (Five Ways) are five logical arguments on the existence of God as summarized in the Summa Theologica, written in the 13th century. Scholars will compare their own proofs with those written by Aquinas. Rhetoric The Canon of Arrangement will help scholars put together the structure of the coherent argument and utilize an introduction, statement of facts, division, proof, refutation and conclusion. These are all elements of the effective/ persuasive speech or essay. Scholars will engage in research, particularly in their Rhetoric homework assignment. Discuss research strategies: sources and the necessity of the integrity of those sources, using print resources and books as well as web resources, interviewing experts for first-hand material. Emphasize the importance of appropriately citing resources and avoiding plagiarism. Week 3 In Class

18 Discuss with scholars the events in the timeline, and contrast with the events of the previous week. Scholars will continue to add events and locations to notebook and map. Discussion point: How does the covenant God makes with Abraham compare to the cove nant God makes with Noah? This week s literature selections: Antigone Scene 2 Summary of Scene 2: Antigone is brought before King Creon and admits that she has buried her brother, Polyneices, in defiance of Creon s order. Ismene, Antigone s sister, is willing to die with her and Creon believes her to be guilty, as well. Both young women are imprisoned to await their fates. Discuss Antigone Scene 2, using Literature Guide lesson for Scene 2 - review vocabulary and choose one or two discussion questions for class. List areas where allegory is apparent in today s lessons. Continue discussion of scholar s proofs and introduce students to St. Thomas Aquinas and the Summa which provides famous proofs of God s existence. Discuss the first three of St. Thomas Aquinas 5 Proofs for the Existence of God. 1 - FIRST MOVER: Some things are in motion, anything moved is moved by another, and there can't be an infinite series of movers. So there must be a first mover (a mover that isn't itself moved by another). This is God. 2 - FIRST CAUSE: Some things are caused, anything caused is caused by another, and there can't be an infinite series of causes. So there must be a first cause (a cause that isn't itself caused by another). This is God. 3 - NECESSARY BEING: Every contingent being at some time fails to exist. So if everything were contingent, then at some time there would have been nothing -- and so there would be nothing now -- which is clearly false. So not everything is contingent. So there is a necessary being. This is God. This Week s Humanities Homework History Timeline: Memorize Week 2 Literature Antigone, Scene 3- review Scene 3 vocab in Lit. Guide Religion Continue reading of Peter Kreeft s summary of the Five Proofs Geography/Current Events

19 Song of Moses - recitation practice in pairs Discussion point: Do you detect some or all of these elements in the Song of Moses? The Canon of Arrangement: Putting together the structure of the coherent argument - utilizes an introduction, statement of facts, division, proof, refutation and conclusion. Discussion point: Do you detect some or all of this elements in the Song of Moses? Collect Reflective Paragraph on Antigone. Review in class, read a couple for discussion (writer s identity need not be revealed unless desired). Return last week s Reflective Paragraph Socratic Discussion. Offer the following topic for discussion, use text-based affirmative or negative rebuttals/reflections: Show visual map of world history (the drop down chart). Discussion points: Why is China s line straight and others come and go? Next week s topic: Joseph and the Hyksos Kings - research the relationship between Joseph and these Kings This Week s Rhetoric Homework Latin GCC Book: Read and study pg Work to memorize the Do and Fa lines Study chant vocabulary flashcards Practice singing Ave Maria Reflection paragraph: What does Antigone tell us is her only regret? Socratic Discussion Prepare the Socratic Seminar Participation Form for next week s topic: Joseph and the Hyksos Kings research Composition

20 Latin Chant: Asperges Literature Focus Book: Antigone, by Sophocles Catholic Scientist: Bishop Robert Grosseteste History of mathematics: Pythagoras Featured Speech: Song of Moses, Dt. 32 Five Canons of Rhetoric: Style Religion Document: Five Proofs of the Existence of God Aquinas Weekly Tip: History Timeline Period: B.C. Code of Hammurabi c B.C. Hyksos Kings Invade Egypt c B.C. Joseph in Egypt Iron Use by Hittite c B.C. The Mycenaeans c B.C. Religion The Bread of Life Discourse John 6:47-48 Truly, Truly I say to you he who believes has eternal life. I am the bread of life. Science Four types of see dispersal: water, animal, wind, mechanical Geography European Peninsulas Scandinavian Iberian Apennine Balkan Latin Verb: to be Sum, es,est Sumus, estis, sunt Week 4 - Teacher Background

21 Humanities When Joseph s brothers saw him coming, they recognized him in the distance. As he approached, they made plans to kill him. Here comes the dreamer! they said. Come on, let s kill him and throw him into one of these cisterns. We can tell our father, A wild animal has eaten him. Then we ll see what becomes of his dreams! Genesis 37:18-20 Joseph, youngest brother and dreamer, beloved of his father, is sold into slavery, betrayed by his own flesh. As a prefigure of Christ, the innocent and obedient Joseph experiences betrayal, incarceration, condemnation and temptation. Through his meekness he is vindicated, through his humility he is elevated as a king/pharaoh and is able to save his people through his mercy and generosity. Egypt, a symbol of worldliness and sin, is used to God s glory. How was this accomplished? How does an Israelite rise to prominence among Egyptians? One theory concerns the Hyksos Kings and their Hebrew roots. During the rule of the Hyksos Kings, there was an extended period of peace and prosperity and yet little evidence exists to demonstrate this connection. Scripture provides few clues and the Hyksos Kings left behind no monuments. Thutmosis III refers to these Kings as invaders and through a series of attacks liberates Egypt from their rule. This liberation leads to the enslavement of the Israelites, who had known protection under the rule of the Hyksos. Thus Egypt, sin and worldliness, has dominion over the lives of the Chosen People, until a prophesized Deliverer frees them from bondage. Rhetoric This week s Canon of Rhetoric is Style. The Canon of Style encompasses presenting the argument to stir the emotions. There are five encompassing concerns of style which relate style to grammar, audience, effective and affective appeals, the guiding principle of decorum, and the importance of ornamenting language through figurative speech. Scholars will observe the Canon of Style across all topics. Week 4- In Class

22 Review of timeline content. Be sure to place the Hyksos Kings within the timeline Geography/Current Events Discussion point: Egypt: Scholar should have researched a current event/issue with this country. Ask: What caused it? What can be done about it? How can the events we have studied in history shed light on the issue? Remind scholar to place current event location on their map. Scholar should indicate time period with event. Discuss Antigone Scene 3, using Literature Guide lesson for Scene 3 - review vocabulary and discussion questions, choose one or two questions. Assign Scene IV Summary of Scene 3: Creon and Haemon are engaged in conversation about Antigone. Haemon was to marry Antigone, but is deferring to his father. Nonetheless, Haemon attempts to persuade Creon to honor and not punish Antigone. Haemon and Creon argue, and a rift has occurred between father and son. Continue to engage scholars in discussion on the 4th of St. Thomas Aquinas Five Proofs for God s Existence: 4 - GREATEST BEING: Some things are greater than others. Whatever is great to any degree gets its greatness from that which is the greatest. So there is a greatest being, which is the source of all great ness. This is God. This Week s Humanities Homework History Memorize and Add Week 5 events. Literature Read Antigone Scene 4. Be prepared to discuss questions in guide and review vocabulary.

23 Topic: Joseph - Some believe that the Hyksos were the pharaohs in charge when Joseph came to Egypt. Discussion point: What do you think about this claim? Does it explain any of the occurrences? Next week s topic: Aquinas Proofs review notes from in class discussions during Religion Scholars should continue to practice recitation of Song of Moses with a partner. Recitation is the perfect opportunity for the scholars to utilize the Canon of Style. Encourage scholars to observe the presence of this canon, as they prepare to present/recite the Song of Moses. Helpful hint: Suggest that scholars practice recitation in front of a mirror, siblings or parent. Collect Reflective Paragraph on Antigone. Review in class, read a couple for discussion (writer s identity need not be revealed unless desired). Return last week s Reflective Paragraph This Week s Rhetoric Homework Latin GCC Book pgs Continued study of vocab from hymns - creation of flashcards for vocabulary and terms Home study of vocabulary of hymns Composition Write: Reflective paragraph: What is Tiresias advice to Creon? Socratic Discussion Prepare the Socratic Seminar Participation Form for next week s topic: Aquinas Proofs review notes from in class discussions during Religion Speech Watch a youtube video on the Speech of Henry V (St. Crispin s Day) - Kenneth Branagh

24 Latin Chant: Asperges Literature Focus Book: Antigone, by Sophocles Catholic Scientist: St. Albertus Magnus, German botanist History of mathematics: Euclid and Geometry Featured Speech: Song of Moses, Dt. 32 Five Canons of Rhetoric: Memory Religion Document: Five Proofs of the Existence of God Tour Guide Summary Weekly Tip: Rhetoric scholars need encouragement to speak; lecture has its place, but avoid one-sided instruction as much as possible History Timeline Period: B.C. Moses Exodus c B.C. Joshua and the Battle of Jericho Ramses II c B.C. Trojan War B.C. Religion The Bread of Life Discourse John 6:49-50 Your fathers ate the mana in the wilderness and they died. This is the bread which comes down from heaven that a man may eat of it and not die..science Two kinds of leaves, compound and simple are arranged alternate, opposite or whorled. Geography Easter Europe Countries Poland Belarus Ukraine Moldova Features Carpathian Mountains Danube River Black Sea Latin Verb: to be Sum, es, est Sumus, estis, sunt Week 5- Tutor Background

25 Humanities Years of hard bondage and slavery under the Egyptian Pharaohs and their taskmasters; years of tears and prayers to the God of Abraham for deliverance! Moses, drawn from the water by Pharaoh s daughter, saved from an edict which demanded the death of all male Hebrew children, lived with and as an Egyptian, until the fateful day his mission as deliverer was revealed. The stubbornness and hardness of Pharaoh s heart, his deafness to Moses requests and the suffering cries of the Hebrew slaves, ultimately ends with a series of plagues, culminating in the death of the first-born of every Egyptian household. As the Angel of Death passed over the frightened Hebrew people, Moses prepared to lead them into the desert, to the Promised Land. This Passover would prefigure another Passover - another meal which prefigured our Lord s suffering and death, establishing the Feast of the Last Supper, generations later. Saved from the wrath of Pharaoh, fed on manna and quail in the desert, the people grumbled and sin, remembering the ease of Egypt, but not the sorrow. In darkness and sin, they made idols of wood and metal, and the law of God, His holy Commandments, were abandoned in favor of a lie. Forty years of wandering in the desert until the evil generation had perished. Forty years of waiting for the land which God had promised, a land flowing with milk and honey. A land, which the Israelites would have to seize and make their own. Rhetoric This week we explore the Canon of Memory. The Canon of Memory allows for speaking without having to prepare or memorize a speech. Memory is the "treasury of things invented," thus linking Memory with the first canon of rhetoric, Invention. This alludes to the practice of storing up common places or other material arrived at through the topics of invention, for use as called for in a given occasion. This week as scholars continue to work on the memorization and recitation of the Song of Moses from Deuteronomy, share with them the following quote from the book of Revelation: Revelation 15:3-4 And they sang the song of Moses, the bond-servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying, "Great and marvelous are Your works, O Lord God, the Almighty; Righteous and true are Your ways, King of the nations! "Who will not fear, O Lord, and glorify Your name? For You alone are holy; For ALL THE NATIONS WILL COME AND WORSHIP BEFORE YOU, FOR YOUR RIGHTEOUS ACTS HAVE BEEN REVEALED." Week 5 In Class

26 Pass out geography map. Have scholars label locations from history, literature, science, current events and other topics to get started. Discuss: Timeline events, using history cards. Encourage scholars to continue to add all events, persons, etc. in Timeline Notebook Discuss Antigone Scene 4, Literature Guide lesson for Scene 4 - review vocabulary and choose 1 or two of the discussion questions to cover in class. Assign Scene Exodos for homework Summary of Scene 4: Antigone engages with the Chorus in a discussion on the justness of her death. The Chorus assures her she will have a better afterlife, but Antigone feels mocked and pronounces that she has been cursed by Oedipus. There will be no separate lesson for Religion. See Socratic Seminar to finish St. Thomas Aquinas Proofs for God s existence discussion. This Week s Humanities Homework History Add this week s dates/events to Timeline Notebook Literature Read Antigone Scene Exodos, study vocabulary in Literature Guide

27 Discussion: What are mnemonics (memory enhancements/devices)? How does one employ them to recall and present a body of knowledge? Example: when preparing to speak, consider the venue and audience. Divide the room into visual sections. Each section represents part of your speech. When presenting that speech, as your eyes fall upon a section, you will recall that portion of your speech. This is a mnemonic device. Discussion point: What are some mnemonic devices you ve used to aid in memorization or study? Discussion on Latin vocabulary. Ask scholars to list vocabulary across all topics of study and review Latin Chant vocabulary For the next two classes, scholars should begin presentations of the Song of Moses segment they were assigned for memorization and recitation. Use an additional day, if class size necessitates it. Collect Reflective Paragraph. Provide encouraging commentary and suggestions, reserve grading and corrections for parents. Offer the following topic for discussion, use text-based affirmative or negative rebuttals/ reflections: Discussion point: Were St. Thomas proofs effective? Do St. Thomas Aquinas Proofs for God s Existence still apply in modern times? (Biblical creation tie with Aquinas unmoved mover First Cause) At the end of discussion, introduce next week s topic: Antigone: Were her actions moral? This Week s Rhetoric Homework Latin Read and study GCC Book pgs Continue to study chant vocabulary and terms using flashcards Composition Reflective paragraph: What is the fate of Antigone and Haemon? Socratic Discussion Prepare the Socratic Seminar Participation Form for next week s topic: Were St. Thomas proofs effective? Do St. Thomas Aquinas Proofs for God s Existence still apply in modern times? (Biblical creation tie with Aquinas unmoved mover First Cause)

28 Latin Chant: Asperges Literature Focus Book: Antigone, by Sophocles Catholic Scientist: Bishop Robert Grossetestes History of mathematics: Archimedes and Physics Featured Speech: Song of Moses, Dt. 32 Five Canons of Rhetoric: Delivery Religion Document: Five Proofs for the Existence of God, Dei Verbum Tour Guide Summary Weekly Tip: History Timeline Period: B.C. Hebrew Judges c B.C. Hebrew Kings B.C. Phoenicians c B.C. Israel Split into Two Kingdoms 930 B.C. Assyrian Empire c B.C. Religion The Bread of Life Discourse John 6:51 I am the living bread which came down from heaven. If anyone eats of this bread he will live forever and the bread which I shall give for the life of the world is my flesh.. Science There are two main types of trees; evergreen trees like pine and fir, which stay green all year long and deciduous trees like maple and apple, which lose their leaves in the fall. Geography Eastern Europe Cont. Countries Russia Czech Republic Slovakia Hungary Romania Bulgaria Feature Volga River Latin Verb: to be Sum, es, est Sumus, estis, sunt Week 6- Tutor Background

29 Humanities The Hebrew Judges were a powerful response to the apostasy and hard-heartedness of the Israelites. Each time the people turned from God, they experienced the full weight of their sin, to be remedied by a righteous judge. Despite the justness of the rule of the judges, the people began to clamor for a king, One of the judges, Samuel, warned the people of the dangers of having a king, but consented, appointing Saul in 1050 B.C. Saul was followed by David, and thus began the Davidic Kingdom, and the line of David, from which the Messiah would be born. The reign of these earthly kings provides an excellent example of the feebleness of human rule. Despite the wisdom of Solomon, the kingdom fell into debt and was divided, eventually resulting in a split, and the fall of many Israelites in to the worship of false Canaanite gods. When the Assyrians captured Samaria, the fallen people of God were sent into exile and lived as the lost tribes of Israel. Those tribes who remained in the south were the Kingdom of Juda, and settled in the land they called Judea. The Judeans remained God s faithful people and were referred to as Jews. Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will raise up for David a righteous Branch, and he shall reign as king and deal wisely, and shall execute justice and righteousness in the land. In his days Judah will be saved, and Israel will dwell securely. And this is the name by which he will be called: The Lord is our righteousness. Jeremiah 23:5-6 Rhetoric This week, scholars will explore the Canon of Delivery. Delivery takes place in the context of public presentation. Delivery also has much to do with how one establishes ethos (credibility) and appeals through pathos (emotion), and in this sense is complementary to Invention, which is more strictly concerned with logos (logic). Aristotle referred to ethos, pathos and logos as the Three Appeals or Three Artistic Proofs and are employed in argumentative writing. The goal of argumentative writing is to persuade your audience that your ideas are valid, or more valid than someone else's. Week 6- In Class