RUSSIAN FEDERATION The Republic of Buryatia CONFERENCE OF PARLIAMENTARIANS OF THE ARCTIC REGION June 2016 Ulan-Ude, Gremyachinsk

Transcription

1 RUSSIAN FEDERATION The Republic of Buryatia CONFERENCE OF PARLIAMENTARIANS OF THE ARCTIC REGION June 2016 Ulan-Ude, Gremyachinsk

2 Actual issues of Arctic cooperation Climate&Ecology HUMAN NEW Climatic and environmental changes in the Arctic in the light of discussions at the Climate Conference in Paris (2015) Influence of human factors, social and cultural challenges in the Arctic, possible opportunities for indigenous people and northern residents New opportunities in the Arctic, economic, technical and scientific development, cooperation with the business community

3 The Republic of Buryatia Murmansk St. Peterburg St. Peterburg Moscow Moscow Ekaterinburg Noril sk RUSSIA Novosibirsk Irkutsk Petropavlovsk Yakutsk Khabarovsk Ulan-Ude Ulan-Ude

4 The Federal Law of the Russian Federation from May, "On the Protection of Lake Baikal" "Baikal natural territory is the territory, which includes Lake Baikal water protection zone adjacent to Lake Baikal and its catchment area within the territory of the Russian Federation, specially protected natural areas adjacent to Lake Baikal and adjacent to the Lake Baikal area width up 200 kilometers to the west and north-west of it"

5 The Federal Law of the Russian Federation from May, "On the Protection of Lake Baikal" On the Baikal natural territory is prohibited or limited activities, the implementation of which is a negative impact on the unique ecological system of Lake Baikal: Chemical pollution of Lake Baikal, or its part, as well as its catchment area, associated with the discharges and emissions of hazardous substances, the use of pesticides, agricultural chemicals, radioactive substances, transport operation, placement of production and consumption waste Physical changes in Lake Baikal or part thereof (the change of the temperature of water regimes, fluctuating water level indicators outside the allowable values, changing waste into Lake Baikal) Biological pollution of Lake Baikal associated with the use of, breeding or acclimatization of aquatic biological objects peculiar ecological system of Lake Baikal and in water bodies that have permanent or temporary connection to Lake Baikal.

6 The Republic of Buryatia Specially protected areas are designed to preserve typical and unique natural landscapes, flora and fauna diversity, the protection of natural and cultural heritage This category of land is specially protected. In order to ensure their safety, they are withdrawn from economic use completely or partially. Specially protected areas include the following categories of protected areas: state natural reserves, national parks, state nature reserves, natural monuments, therapeutic areas and resorts. There are three nature reserves on the territory of Buryatia: two national parks, 18 nature reserves (3 federal - Altacheysky, Kabansky, Frolihinsky), 266 monuments of nature The natural-reserve fund of the Republic is ha (6% of the Republic territory)

7 Baikal Nature Territory 1 Baykal-Lensky State Nature Reserve (659.9 thous. Ha) 7 5 Zabaykalsky National Park (230,2 thous. Ha) 6 2 Pribaikalsky National Park (417.3 thous. Ha) 1 5 Barguzin State Nature Reserve (374.3 thous. Ha) 6 2 Tunkinsky National Park ( thous. Ha) 3 7 Dzherginsky State Natural Reserve (238.1 thous. Ha) 3 4 Baikalsky State Nature Biosphere Reserve (165.7 thous. Ha) 4 8 Sokhondinsky State Nature Biosphere Reserve (210.9 (on BNT ) thous. Ha.) 8

8 The Republic of Buryatia Area km², 1/20 of area of Russia Japan area Climate Sharply continental Relief Landscape Average temperatures Amount of sunny days mostly mountainous, 4/5 of the territory - a mountainous area alternation of taiga (80% of the territory) and steppe zones January - 22 C July C 300 days per year The northern and central parts of the Republic of Buryatia are located in the zone of permafrost Severobaikalsk, as well as the North-Baikalsky, Barguzinsky, Bauntovsky, Kurumkansky, Muisky, Okinsky regions equate to areas of the Extreme North

9 The Republic of Buryatia Population: (2016) Population density: 2.8 pers. / km 2 (2016) Population (2015): urban %, agriculture - 41,32% Ethnic composition (2010) Russians 64,9% Buryats 29,5% Soyots 0,4% 630, 8 thous. 286, 8 thous. 3, 6 thous. The republic is home to over 167 nationalities (According to the population census in 2010) Tatars 0,7% Ukrainians 0,7% Evenki 6, 8 thous. 5,6 thous. 2, 9 thous. 0,3% The small indigenous peoples of the North living in Buryatia

10 The Republic of Buryatia Agriculture Trade Tourism Industry The largest enterprises Service Ulan-Ude Aviation Plant Ulan-Ude Locomotive and Wagon Repair Factory Ulan-Ude Instrument Production Association Selenginsky Pulp and Cardboard Mill "Buryatzoloto"

11 The Republic of Buryatia Ulan-Ude Aviation Plant Helicopter Factory The largest industrial enterprise of the Republic of Buryatia, one of the leading Russian aviation industry Included in the holding company "Russian Helicopters" state Rostec Corporation Put into operation in 1939 Issued more than 10,000 aircraft units Provides manufacturing, repair and modernization of civil and military aircraft Specialized in serial production of medium-class helicopters (Mi-171, Mi-171A1, Mi-171SH) Aircraft components are exported to the CIS countries, Europe, Asia, Africa, South America

12 In 2015 Rostec Corporation signed with the Ministry of Defence contract to supply helicopters to the Arctic. In November 2015 the Ministry of Defence received the first new military-transport helicopter Mi- 8AMTSh-VA for performing tasks in the Arctic region. Flight tests were conducted in August - September Deliveries of the helicopters Mi-8AMTSh-VA Russian Armed Forces is scheduled to begin in Mi-8AMTSh-VA is based on the latest version of military transport helicopters series Mi-8/17 - Mi- 8AMTSh-V Created for operation in the northern regions at < - 40 C. Flight range (with auxiliary fuel tanks) - more than 1,300 km The helicopter is designed to transport and amphibious support the actions of the Arctic group of troops forces to support their actions with the air monitoring specified areas of responsibility and to provide search and rescue distress crews and passengers of aircraft and vessels on the Northern Sea Route.

13 The Republic of Buryatia Education 517 schools (including primary - 104, regular - 43, secondary - 370) 20 high schools and gymnasiums and 46 schools with advanced study of specific subjects, 6 author schools, 152 national schools and other schools (2009) 15% of the population has higher education 17.1% of the population has a secondary professional education Institutions of higher education - 5 universities and 7 branches, including: Buryat State University Buryat State Agriculture Academy by V.R.Philippov Baikalsky Institute of Economics and Law East Siberian State University of Technology and Management East-Siberian State Academy of Culture and Arts

14 The Republic of Buryatia Major religions Orthodoxy Buddhism Shamanism Old Believers Islam

15 Buddhist monastery, datsan, center of the Buddhist Traditional Sangha of Russia Location of the incorruptible body of Hambo Lama Itigelov

16 Semeiskie A large group of Russian ethnoconfessional population living on some areas of the Republic of Buryatia. They settled in Buryatia in result of forced displacement in the Zabaikalsky region in the XVIII century during the division of Rzeczpospolita. Keepers of the indigenous culture, based on the ancient Russian culture

17 Shamans Shamanism, communication with spirits and gods, is the basis of the traditional worldview of peoples of Siberia and has long been the main religion of the Buryats. Even now, the shamans continue to play a role in rituals and magical rituals. Across the region are set the "serge - symbolic hitching post for the horses of the gods and spirits. In 2006 was founded the Counsil of shamanic communities of the Baikal region

18 Ulan-Ude - the capital of the Republic of Buryatia Founded in 1666 Population (2015): 511,000 people In 2016, the city celebrates the anniversary years All of the transport routes to the East pass through the city : Trans-Siberian Railway Federal roads (M-55, A-165, A-164) The international airport "Baikal" (11 domestic and 4 international destinations) Industrial and cultural center of Buryatia

19 Ulan-Ude - the capital of the Republic of Buryatia Sister cities Anyang Berdyansk Berkeley Changchun Chita Darkhan Dnepropetrovsk Donetsk Elista Erdenet Erenhot Haeju Hohhot Hulunbuir Kazan Manzhouli Mannheim Omsk Rumoi Taipei Ulan Bator Yalta Yamagata Yeongwol

20 Ulan-Ude - the capital of the Republic of Buryatia 10 6 museums, including: Buryatia History Museum, Nature Museum Buryatia, Ulan-Ude Ethnographic Museum 4 cinemas theaters, including: Buryat State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre Buryat State Academic Drama Theatre Doll Theatre "Ulger Buryat State National Theatre of Song and Dance "Baikal" Since 1990 Ulan-Ude is included in list of Russian historical cities 234 objects of cultural heritage (11 objects of federal value, 223 objects of republican value)

21 Symbol of Ulan-Ude Sculpture statue of Lenin's head installed in the center of city on the Soviet Square. The biggest Lenin's head sculpture in the world (height m, width m, weight - 42 tons) Monument to Lenin in Ulan-Ude

22 The highest monument of the city Set with its back to the center of Ulan- Ude, facing the airport Orthodox Church First stone building in the city of Ulan-Ude Monument of Siberian Baroque architecture Sculpture "Hospitable Buryatia" St. Odigitrievsky Cathedral

23 Lake Baikal Pearl of Siberia

24 Lake Baikal Age: about 25 million years Area: km 2 Location: 130 km from Ulan-Ude Depth: 1,637 m - the deepest lake on the planet Volume: 23 thousand km 3 of fresh water - 20% of world reserves and 80% Russian, the largest natural reservoir of fresh water Water temperature (In the open lake in summer): the highest C, the lowest - 7,7 C Water temperature (In the shallow waters): the highest - 26,5 C the lowest -21,5 C

25 Lake Baikal Lake Baikal serves as a termoaccumulator Winters are milder, summers cooler than in other areas of the region Air temperature in winter: around -30 C Air temperature in summer: around + 25 C Special features of the climate caused by Baikal winds, which have their own names - barguzin, sarma, verkhovik, kultuk and others. Most of the year the lake is overcast by ice Freeze on the lake lasts from mid-january until the end of April In June fogs are frequent due to condensation In some places of the lake mirages can be seen (2-6 days per year) Baikal Area relates to areas of high seismicity

26 Baikal's endemics More than 2,630 species and varieties of animals Over 1,000 species of plants Almost 2/3 of the flora and fauna of Lake Baikal are endemic Baikal endemics include about 1000 species, 96 genera, 11 families and subfamilies Baikal seal Golomyanka Baikalsky omul Сибирский кедр Barguzinsky sable Baikal epishura Since 1996, Lake Baikal listed among the UNESCO World Heritage Sites

27 Lake Baikal

28 The second largest Bay of Baikal It is located on the territory of Zabaikalsky National Park. Area - about km 2, length-28 km, width - from 6.1 to 14 km On the western side of the bay in the Zmeinaya Bay is a thermal spring. The bay is famous for trophy fishing Long (200 kilometers) valley between the Barguzin and Ikat mountain ridges The legendary Genghis Khan's burial place In the valley there are a number of natural and cultural attractions, shamanistic and Buddhist shrines - Ininsky rock garden, Bukhe-Shulun, Dugan Yanzhima and others Chivyrkuisky Bay Olkhon island Barguzinskaya Valley Ushkany island The largest island of Lake Baikal Length km, width - 15 km, the area km² The Shaman Rock (Stone Temple) on the island is one of the holy places of Asia, the famous image of the lake In Buryat myths and legends Olkhon is the abode of menacing spirits of Lake Baikal A group of islands in the middle of the Lake Baikal in Barguzinsky region of Buryatia The favorite rookery of Baikal seals Ushkany islands are monuments of nature, part of the Zabaikalsky National Park

29 International research expedition Mirs" on Baikal "( years) 215 hydronauts from 12 countries took part in the diving Among the crew members were government officials, businessmen, artists and cultural figures, journalists Mikhail SLIPENCHUK General Director of LLC IFC" Metropol ( ) Vladimir PUTIN The President of Russian Federation ( ) Tsakhiagiin ELBEGDORJ The President of Mongolia ( )

30 Expedition Mirs" on Baikal "( years) James CAMERON (left) Film director (USA) Hatsuo ROYAMA (left) President of the International Federation of Kyokushin-kan karate-do (Japan)

31 Expedition Mirs" on Baikal "( years) The organizer of the expedition - the Lake Baikal Protection Fund (the founder of the Foundation - GC "Metropol") Goal: a comprehensive study of the lake at the Russian Academy of Sciences Program Diving of two deep-sea manned submersibles "Mir" on the bottom of Lake Baikal (the first time in history) First dive - July 29, stages (2008, 2009, 2010) 178 dives ( ) Expedition "Mirs on Baikal" confirmed the picture of Lake Baikal as the ocean in miniature Oil-bearing rock, gas hydrates output sources were found, paleocoast line of the lake was fixed New forms of living organisms were found - blue sponge and Baikal Planaria

32 Thank you for your consideration! See you on Baikal shore!