Early Russia. Kiev to Moscow

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Barry Norton
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1 Early Russia Kiev to Moscow

3 Kievan Rus Settlement

4 Kievan Rus Kiev developed along the Dnieper River, important trade route connecting Baltic Sea and Black Sea. Influenced by both Vikings and Byzantines geographic features steppe - grassland plain stretching from central Asia to eastern Europe taiga - huge forested area north of the steppe

Influence of Byzantium on its Neighbors The citizens of Byzantium considered themselves to be the center of the civilized world, with good reason.

Although Grand Prince Vladimir of Kiev became an Orthodox Christian in 988, Byzantium never politically dominated his confederation of principalities, called Kievan Rus, which was a composite

5 Influence of Byzantium on its Neighbors The citizens of Byzantium considered themselves to be the center of the civilized world, with good reason. Their civilization had far-reaching political and cultural influences in all directions during the Middle Byzantine period. Although Grand Prince Vladimir of Kiev became an Orthodox Christian in 988, Byzantium never politically dominated his confederation of principalities, called Kievan Rus, which was a composite society of Vikings and eastern Slavs. Known as the third Rome, Kievan Rus artists assimilated the style and iconography of Byzantine art and architecture. After the Mongol invaders of captured Kiev, the rest of the region suffered further attacks by the Mongols from the east and by the Teutonic knights from the west.

6 Kievan Rus Slavic language/nationality Principalities - area ruled by a prince Boyars - nobles (large landowners) farming & hunting main livelihood

7 Important Developments during the Kievan Rus Alphabet religion law code

8 The Cyrillic Alphabet is the alphabet for the Slavic languages. It was named for St. Cyril, a Greek monk who brought written language to Christian converts in the midninth century (c.860)) in what is now Russia. The Cyrillic alphabet is closely based on the Greek alphabet, with about a dozen additional letters invented to represent Slavic sounds not found in Greek.

10 12th century Cyrillic script

11 Vladimir I. Grand Prince Investigated various religions adopted Eastern Orthodox Christianity from Byzantines mass baptism for his subjects married Byzantine princess brought Byzantine culture to Kiev

12 Byzantine influence Religion (Eastern Orthodox) art (icons) and architecture trade alphabet adapted from Greek (Cyrillic)

13 Russian Icon

14 Yaroslav I Established first school library law code (Russkaia Pravda) but Kiev declined after his death - became part of Mongol Empire

15 Russkaia Pravda: Article 2 If a man is bleeding or is blue from bruises, he does not need any eyewitness; if he has no sign [of injury] he is to produce an eyewitness; if he cannot, the matter ends there; if he cannot avenge himself he is to receive three grivnas, while the physician is to get an honorarium.

16 The Mongols From central Asia Created an empire that extended from central Europe to the Pacific Ocean from Siberia to the Indian Ocean the largest land empire in history

18 The Mongols Genghis Khan united the clans of expert fighters on horseback organized them into disciplined cavalry units Mongols ruled but didn t try to impose their culture

19 "The greatest happiness is to vanquish your enemies, to chase them before you, to rob them of their wealth, to see those dear to them bathed in tears, to clasp to your bosom their wives and daughters" -GENGHIS KHAN

20 The Mongols The Mongols ruled the Russians for almost 250 years! Introduced tax system Russia was influenced by Asia Russians were isolated from the West (the rest of Europe) Russians developed a unique culture

21 Moscow Moscow developed near the Volga River The princes of Moscow collected taxes for the Mongols The principality of Moscow gradually became more independent

Ivan III 1480 - Moscow became independent unified many Russian principalities became the

22 Ivan III Moscow became independent unified many Russian principalities became the first czar (emperor) Russian Orthodox Church became the Third Rome after the fall of Constantinople

23 Ivan IV the Terrible (awesome) ruthless & violent reduced the power of the boyars oprichniki - secret police expanded Russia

24 Ivan the terrible

25 Review: Russian Noble boyar grassland plain steppe Russkaia Pravda Medieval Russian law code Russian religion Eastern (Russian) Orthodox

26 ... More Review Ruler who developed the law code Yaroslav I Ruler who adopted Eastern Orthodox Christianity Vladimir I Ruler who established the oprichniki Ivan IV Ruler who gained Moscow independence Ivan III

Unit VI - Byzantine, Mongol & Russian Empires

Name: Unit VI - Byzantine, Mongol & Russian Empires Remember - Reading Guides will now be collected with study guides at the end of the unit. They will count as two grades, like a quiz. Answer all the