TRONG TIEN TRINH HOI NHAP KINH TE OUOC TE

Transcription

1 Nghien ciru Ton giao. Sd TON GIAO VA DAN TOC ANH Hl/dNG CUA Tl/Tl/dNC THIEN TONG VIET NAM TRONG TIEN TRINH HOI NHAP KINH TE OUOC TE H di nhap kinh te' qud'c te' la xu hfldng ta't ye'u dd'i vdi dan tdc Viet Nam. De tan dung dfldc cac thdi cd, van hgi mdi, va giam thieu hau qua tfl nguy cd, thach thfle ma tie'n trinh hdi nhap kinh te' qud'c te' mang lai, ddi hdi Viet Nam phai phat huy mgi ngudn Iflc cd diidc. Trong dd, khdng the xem nhe cac gia tri truyen thd'ng. Tu" tfldng Thien tdng Viet Nam thfle sfl la mdt gia tri truyen thd'ng quy ban can dfldc bao tdn va phat huy. Thdi dai mdi da tao dieu kien cho viee phat huy vai trd eua tfl tfldng Thien tdng Viet Nam. Thfle vay, Thien ed nghia la Iiia chgn mdt dd'i tiidng rdi tap trung tri tue tren dd'i tiidng ay, tao ra kha nang loai trfl sfl rdi loan trong tfl duy, tam li eon ngfldi. Lay ddng suy tfl cua con ngfldi lam dd'i tiidng cua Thien. Nen tfl tfldng Thien tdng ed tac dung tich cflc dd'i vdi con ngfldi va xa hdi, gdp phan phuc vu tie'n trinh hdi nhap kinh te'qud'c ted Viet Nam hien nay. Thien tdng, Thien tdng Viet Nam la ke't qua cua qua trinh phat trien tfl tiidng nhan loai ve Thien Dinh. Thien - di san van hda cua Phu'dng Ddng - mdt hgc thuye't, mgt phiidng phap LE NGOC THONG'*' tu hanh cd trfldc Phat giao, tfl thdi thfldng cd d An Do va nhieu ndi khac tren the'gidi. * "Thien": Xua't phat tfl kinh Upanisad la "Jhana"; "Dhyana". Tie'ng Trung Hoa la "Chan"; sang tie'ng Nhat Ban la "Zen". Cd nghia: Dinh lfl hay Tinh lfl; Lfl: tfl lfl, suy ngam, tfl duy, nghien ciiu,... * "Dinh": gifl (ehi, dfldng chi, ngan chan) cac tii lfl, de tam vang lang, khdng cho cac vgng tfldng, tfl lfl quay rdi, khi dd tam diidc sang td. Thien diia tren ed sd li luan la sfl tap trung tii tfldng. Khi bd dc dfldc tap trung vao mdt dd'i tfldng thi tao ra mdt sflc manh ndi tam; Trong khi lam flc che' va khie'n nhflng phan cdn Iai cua vd nao dfldc nghi ngdi, thanh than. Nhfl vay, se tranh dfldc hien tfldng tam tri tan loan, vgng tfldng, chay theo nhflng due vgng gay ra nhflng hau qua ve mat dao dflc, phap luat. Phiidng phap thiic hanh Thien cd nhieu each tuy theo dieu kien. TS., Dai hoc Kinh ti Qu6c dan, Ha Noi.

2 38 Nghien cuu Ton giao. Sd Vai trd cua Thien Dinh: Thdng qua Thien dinh ma tam con ngfldi dfldc an tinh, thfldng tru. Theo Hoa Thfldng Thich Thanh Tfl, thien cd nhieu tac dung: Thfle hien thanh cdng tham ciiu la nhd Thien dinh, Thien la phat minh, la sang tao, Thien tdng tao dflng con ngiidi cd du ba dflc tinh: Tfl tin. Qua cam va Can cu. Theo Ajahn Chah, "Sd'ng trong the' gian ma V A 9 hanh Thien, ngfldi khac thay ban chang khac nao cai chieng khdng dfldc danh ddng va khdng tao nen am thanh nao he't. Hg tha'y ban nhfl dien rd, that bai. Nhifng thfle ra dieu ngfldc Iai thi diing hdn"''^l Vay: Thien dinh la tap trung tfl tfldng vao mdt dd'i tfldng tii duy nha't dinh, A 9 9 khong cho tan loan de cho tam the diidc vang lang, tam dung diidc sang td, manh me nham quan sat, suy nghiem chan li. Ndi khac di: Thien cd nghia la Ifla chgn mdt dd'i tfldng rdi tap trung tri tue tren dd'i tfldng ay, tao ra kha nang loai trfl sfl rdi loan trong tfl duy, tam Ii con ngiidi. Trong tie'n trinh phat trien, Thien dinh trai qua 5 bfldc: Thien ngoai dao, Thien pham phu, Thien Nguyen thuy (Tieu thfla), Thien Dai thfla va Thien Nhii Lai Td'i Thfldng. a/ Thien Ngoai dao: Tdn tai trong dao Balamdn, Dao Tien, luyen Yoga, luyen thdi mien, v.v... Qua luyen Thien nham tha'y dfldc cae dieu huyen dieu, cd kha nang than thdng bie'n hda, dfldc trfldng sinh bat lao. b/ Thien Pham phu cua ngfldi tran tuc mong thoat Ii khdi cudc ddi, xa lia canh khd, an nhap vao canh siidng vui vdi mdt sd' cap do tiidng ifng (Tfl thien): Sd, Nhi, Tam,Tfl Thien; Tfl khdng dinh: Tfl Khdng vd bien xfl dinh de'n Thfle vd bien xfl; Vd sd hiiu xfl; Phi tfldng; Phi phi tfldng xfl. c/ Thien Nhi thfla (Thien Nguyen thuy) vdi phtfdng cham: Tfl do, Tfl giac. Nhi thfla Thien diia lai cac bac giac ngd: Thanh Van va Duyen Giac; Tfl da hoan; Tii da ham; Ana ham; Ala ban. d/ Thien Dai Thfla (cdn ggi la Xua't the' gian thiidng thfldng Thien) vdi phfldng cham: "Tii ldi, ldi tha; Tii giac, giac tha" el Thien Td'i Thfldng thfla (cdn ggi la Thien Nhfl Lai Thanh Tinh, Thien Nhfl Lai Td'i Thiidng, Thien To Sif, Thien Dd'n Ngd, Thien Dat Ma, Thien Tfl Tanh Thanh Tinh, Tam Tdng,...) ma nay ggi la Thien tong Thien tdng la mdt ddng Thien cua Phat giao, vdi muc tieu giac ngd, giai thoat. Trong mgi nhanh eiia dao Phat deu cd ap dung phap Thien - coi dd nhii mgt dac tinh quan trgng cua dao Phat. Thien tdng ap dung phap Thien theo phong each rieng va trd thanh mdt trong mfldi tdng phai eua dao Phat (Cau xa, Thanh thiet, Luat, Phap tfldng, Tam luan, Hoa nghiem, Thien thai, Thien, Mat, va Tinh Do tdng). Phiidng cham eua Thien tdng: Ngfldi da giac ngd dflng tam de giac ngd ngfldi khac; Di tam an tam. Vi tam tinh con ngfldi la cai cd san khdng thay ddi. Phfldng phap tu tap la Iam cho Thien gia nhan ra dfldc tam tinh. Bdi vay, thfle sfl: Thien tdng la cdt tuy cua Dao Phat. Trong tinh quy luat cua sii tie'p bie'n, Ian toa cua van hoa, Phat giao da dfldc du nhap vao Viet Nam tfl rat sdm, the' ki II SCN. Trifdc dd, Viet Nam chu'a cd qud'c giao, chi cd tin ngiidng dan gian thd phung Cha Me, To Tien, Than Linh, thd Trdi, V.V... Theo ddng chay thdi gian va 1. Ajahn Chah. Ty khuu Khanh Hy dich. Mat hd tinh Idng. Nxb. T6ng Hgp TP. Ho Chf Minh, Phat lich tr

3 Le Ngoc Thong. Anh hifdng ciia tu tudng Thien tong... 39^ do tinh chat Phat giao, ma nhu:ng gia tri tinh hoa Phat giao da loang tham va thfle sii trd thanh sd hiiu cua dan tdc Viet Nam, thiic sii trd thanh cac ye'u td' gdp phan tao diing nen van hoa Viet Nam. Phat giao da cd anh hfldng tich cflc, cd vai trd to ldn trong tiing thdi ki khac nhau va thfle sfl la qud'c giao cua Viet Nam trong nhieu the'ki. Tren nen tang Phat giao, Thien tdng da du nhap vao Viet Nam (tfl cudi the' ki VI, khoang nam 580), bdi Sd To la Thien sfl Ti Ni Da Lflu Chi. Trong dieu kien rieng cua Viet Nam, Thien tdng da diidc phat trien vdi sac thai phong phfl rieng cua nhieu phai Thien. Tai Viet Nam, lich su: Phat giao Viet Nam la lich s^ Thien tdng Viet Nam. Trong dieu kien cu the ve con ngiidi, da't nfldc, tai Viet Nam da hinh thanh ddng Thien rieng - Thien phai True Lam Yen Tu: vao the'ki XIII, To dau la True Lam Dai Dau Da. Sflc sd'ng Thien la d ndi tam, mach ngudn Thien van ludn trdi chay, du duyen se biing sd'ng day dfl dieu kien cd bat Idi nhfl the' nao. Mdt thdi gian dai, Thien tdng Viet Nam difdng nhii tiem an, cho tdi thdi Hau Le - the ki XVII, Thien sii Chan Nguyen tru tri chfla Long Ddng da Iam sd'ng day Thien phai Trflc Lam-Yen Tu'. Sau dd, diidc cac de tu' phat huy. Ngay nay, Thien vien True Lam Yen Tu' dfldc Hda thfldng Thich Thanh Tfl, mdt Thien sfl hien dai phuc hflng mdt lan nfla. Tfl dd, "md ra trang Thien su' Viet Nam va Thien phai True Lam Yen Tu: rflc rd huy hoang vao cudi the ki XX, dau the' ki XXI hdm nay cho ca mai sau"''^l.. Tfl tfldng Thien tdng Viet Nam mai m.ai tdn tai ciing dan tdc Viet Nam. Cd dfldc sfl tdn vinh ay, mdt phan nhd cdt each cac Thien sfl Viet Nam, hg la nhiing Con Ngfldi hien thiic, hfldng thfldng va nhap the',... Tflu chung lai dd la tinh each, phfldng cham Tuy Duyeir. "Tuy Duyen giao hoa, tuy cd tie'p dan, ca mdt ddi khdng met mdi vi ldi lac chiing sinh""<^l Trong tinh "Tuy duyen" Thien tdng tai Viet Nam da phat trien tao nen nhieu mdn phai: Phai thien TH Ni Da Lmi Chi; Phai Vd Ngdn Thdng; _Phai Thao Diidng; Phai True Lam; Phai Thien Lam Te'; Thien phai Liiu Quan. Cac Thien phai tren cd cac sac thai rieng, dung hdp vdi con ngfldi, da't nfldc Viet Nam va trien khai tren nhiing khia canh tich cflc, sinh ddng, thiic tiln va tie'n bd, dap ling dfldc phan nao yen cau cua thdi dai. Ciing qua dd ma tao nen cac dac diem cua Thien tdng Viet Nam. Dac diem thfl nha't. Thien tdng Viet Nam la ddng Thien nhap the'hanh ddng, rat thiic te'. "De tha'y tinh each thfle te'cua Thien tdng, chflng ta nghe Luc Td ndi trong bai Tung Vd tiidng: Phat phap tai the'gian. Bat Ii the'gian giac, Li the'mich bd de, Khap td tam thd' giac, Phat phap d AA ' A A the gian. Chang lia the gian giac, Lia the kiem bd de, Gid'ng nhfl tim siing thd..."''*l Dac diem thfl hai. Thien tdng Viet Nam cd tinh tfl life, tfl cfldng, sang tao. Dac diem thfl ba. Thien tdng Viet Nam thfle sfl la ed't tuy cua Dao Phat, hfldng tdi hanh phflc con ngfldi. Thfle te', "Thien dfldc dfla vao ddi sd'ng, phuc vu dat nfldc. 2. Hoa Thugng Thich Thanh Tir. Thien tdng Viet Nam cudi the ki XX. NXB. TP. Ho Chf Minh. 1994, tr Hoa Thugng Tliich Thanh Tir. Thien tdng Viet Nam eudi the'ki XX NXB. TP. H6 Chi Minh, 1994, tr Hoa Thugng Thfch Thanh Td. Thien tdng Viet Nam cud'i the'ki XX NXB. TP. Ho Chf Minh tr. 78.

4 40 Nghien cuu Ton giao. Sd nhan dan va quan chflng xa hdi, hfldng dan con ngifdi tu dfldng va hoan thien nhan each dao dflc..."'^l Thien tdng Viet Nam boat ddng tren nen tang tfl tfldng cd ban cua Tdn chi Thien tdng. "Cudn su: Thien md dau vdi Bd De Dat Ma sang Trung Qud'c nam 520 sau Tay lich, mang theo mdt thdng diep thu thang. Thdng diep ay tdm tat bang 16 chfl nay: 9 Chang lap van tfl Truyen rieng ngoai giao 9 "^ Tro thang tam ngfldi Tha'y tanh thanh Phat"<«(Tdn chi Thien tdng tam dich : Khdng lap van tii, Truyen ngoai giao li, Chi 9 ^ thang tam ngfldi, Thay tinh thanh Phat). Nhan manh, gia tri chung: tinh than thiic chiing ndi tai cua Dao Phat. Nen tang tfl tfldng ay, dfldc cu the hoa mdt each sang tao qua bai phu CU tran lac dao cua Sfl Td Thien phai Trflc Lam. "Ke rang, CU tran lac dao thi. tuy duyen, Cd tac xan he khdn tac mien, Gia trung huu bao httu tam mich, Do'i canh vo tam mac van thien. Dich (J ddi vui dao hay tuy duyen, Doi de'n thi an, met nghi lien, Trong nha co bau thoi tim kie'm, Ddi canh khong tam chd hoi Thieti"-''^ Trong Thien tdng Viet Nam cd the tam phan tach thanh nhieu tii tiidng cu the. Trong gidi ban cua bai vie't, can quan tam tdi mdt sd' tfl tifdng dinh hfldng cho van de nhan sinh quan cua con ngflc*!, cd anh hiidng tich cflc tdi xa hdi Viet Nam tfl lich su: tdi dfldng dai: 1. Tfl tiidng Tuy duyen: Tuy vao dieu kien cu the cua ban than va hoan canh ma hanh ddng phu hdp. 2. Tfl tiidng Tinh thfle: Tfl y thfle mdt each diing dan ve than, tam cua chinh minh. 3. Tfl tfldng Tii tin - Sang tao la ke't qua cua tfl tfldng tinh thfle va tuy duyen, yeu can la tfl chu, tich ciic dung mtfc vi ldi ich con ngfldi. :, r- 4. Tfl tfldng Hoa binh - Hoa hdp va tfl tfldng Trflc chi nhan tam. Xua't phat tfl chu trfldng "Tam tinh qud'c do tinh, tam an chiing sinh an, tam binh the'gidi binh", yen cau thfle hien 'Tan luc hoa": Idng ngfldi can hoa thien; gia dinh can hoa muc; nhan te' can boa thuan; xa hdi can hai hoa; nhan gian can hoa mi; the'gidi can hoa binh; tdn trgng con ngfldi, v.v... Cac ttf ttfdng tren phai dtfdc vat chat hoa va qua dd ma anh htfdng tdi ddi sd'ng xa hdi hien thfle. Ngay nay, mdt trong cac ye'u td' cua ddi sd'ng xa hdi hien thfle dd la tie'n trinh hdi nhap kinh te' qud'c te' d Viet Nam. Nhfl tren da neu, hdi nhap kinh te' qud'c te' la mdt ddi hdi ta't ye'u, bflc thie't cua Viet Nam. "Dd la mdt btfdc di dung 5. Hoa Thugng Thfch Thanh Tii. Thien tdng Viet Nam cud'i the'ki XX NXB. TP. Ho Chf Minh, 1994, tr Dai.setz Teitaro SuZuKi, Thien luan, quye'n thugng, NXB T6ng hgp TP. H6 Chf Minh, 2005, tr Giao hgi Phat giao Viet Nam, Ban Van hoa Trung uang, Hoa Thugng Thfch 'Hianh Tir. Tam Td Tnic Ldm gidng gidi, Thien vien Thirong, chieu Phat lich 2541, Hoi thii 10, tr. 195.

5 Le Ngoc Thong. Anh hu'dng cila tu tudng Thien long dan theo quy luat phat trien cua nhan loai. Sfl hoa nhap dd md ra cho chung ta nhiing cd hdi,... "< l Nghi quye't Dai hdi Dai bieu Dang 9 V * "^ Cdng san Viet Nam lan VIII khang dinh: "Day nhanh qua trinh hgi nhap kinh te' khu viic va the' gidi"'. Dai hdi Dai bieu Dang Cdng san Viet Nam lan IX da bd sung hoan thien: "Chu ddng hgi nhap kinh te'qud'c te'va khu viic theo tinh than phat huy td'i da ndi liic, nang cao hieu qua hdp tae qud'c te', bao dam ddc lap ttf chu va dinh htfdng xa hdi chu nghia, bao ve ldi Ich dan tdc, an ninh qud'c gia, gifl gin ban sac van hoa dan tdc, bao ve mdi trfldng". Tdi Nghi quye't 07 -NQ/TW (27/11/2001) da cu the hoa hdn cho cac ndi dung tren. Hdi nhap kinh te' qud'c te' la tham gia A A'' A AA A cac to chtfc kinh te khu vtfc, the gidi, nha't la Td chflc Thfldng mai The' gidi (WTO). Chu ddng hdi nhap kinh te' qud'c te theo tinh than phat huy td'i da mgi tiem nang va ngudn liic cua mgi thanh phan kinh te', cua toan xa hdi. Trong dd, cac ttf ttfdng Thien tdng Viet Nam da, dang va se ed tac dung anh hfldng tich cflc tdi tie'n trinh hdi nhap kinh te' qud'c te'cua Viet Nam hien nay. 1. Tac dung anh hfldng cua ttf ttfdng Tuy duyen Tuy duyen vdi ndi dung gian di "vift bd yeu ghet, than nhien trtfde mgi chuyen xay ra. Dd la muc tieu chinh cua viec hanh Thien "<^>...r Ttf ttfdng nay vfla la stf phu hdp, ciing A A9 V A A CO the coi la mgt trong cac luan cfl lich su' - xa hdi cho tinh than hdi nhap kinh te' qud'c te' la "rdng md, da phtfdng hoa, da dang hoa cac quan he qud'c te", theo nguyen tac "tdn trgng ddc lap, chu quyen va toan ven lanh thd, khdng can thiep vao ndi bd cua nhau,... giai quye't bat ddng va tranh chap thdng qua thtfdng Itfdng hoa binh; tdn trgng lan nhau, binh dang va cung ed ldi". Dieu dd htfdng dan boat dgng trong hdi nhap kinh te' qud'c te' la md rdng quan he kinh te' vdi nhieu qud'c gia, nhieu vung lanh thd tren the' gidi khdng phan biet che' do chinh tri - xa hdi va y thfle he. Thiic hien da phfldng boa, da dang hoa quan he khdng dan deu ma phai co trgng tam, trgng diem. Danh liu tien cao va stf quan tam thoa dang cho phat trien quan he hdp tac, hoa binh, hiiu nghi vdi cac ntfdc lang gieng Lao, Campuehia, ASEAN, eac ntfdc ldn Trung Qud'c, My,... cac ntfdc Chau A - Thai Binh Dtfdng, cac ntfdc xa hdi chu nghia, cac ntfdc dan tdc chu nghia, cac ntfdc dang phat trien, cac liic Itfdng each mang va tien bd tren the' gidi vd'n cd quan he truyen thd'ng vdi ntfdc ta. Tuy duyen trong viec xfl li cac mdi quan he ddng thdi vdi cac ntfdc ldn, sao cho tao dtfdc the' can bang, nhiing khdng cd nghia la can bang ve so' hgc. Yeu cau Tuy duyen la khdng qua thien lech, benh ntfdc nay, chd'ng lai nfldc khac la phai can cfl vao dieu kien cu the, tinh chat quan he va theo chuan mflc cao nha't vfldt tren dao dflc vi ldi ich nhan loai ndi chung, khdng Iam tdn hai tdi ldi Ich chie'n Ifldc chinh dang cua cac nfldc. Khdng phan dinh ban thu xd cling ma mem deo, linh boat. Ban la ta't ca nhiing ai chu trfldng tdn trgng ddc lap chu quyen, thie't lap va md rdng quan he hdp 8. Hgc Vien Phat giao Viet Nam tai Ha Ngi. Ki yeu khoa V ndm hgc thit nhdt , tr Ajahn Chah. Ty khuu Khanh Hy dich. Mdt hd tinh idng. NXB. Tong Hgp, TP. H6 Chf Minh, Phat lich 2552,2008, tr. 19.

6 42 Nghien ciru Ton giao. Sd tac, hiiu nghi, binh dang. Dd'i tfldng da'u tranh la trong pham vi hanh ddng sai trai, tuyet nhien khdng dfldc nham vao con ngfldi. Trong dd'i tfldng da'u tranh van phai phat hien ra mat can hdp tac tuy tinh hud'ng, hoan canh, nhiing bao gid cung tren tinh than chu dao ciia hanh xu: nha Phat la Tam - Dflc - An lac cho con ngtfdi. Dac biet, tranh triic dien, ddi dau, ddi khang, khong de bi kich ddng, rdi vao the'ed lap hay xung dot vu trang. Ta't ca cac phtfdng cham xu' the' ay deu cd the quy tu ve mdt muc tieu chung la vi ldi ich td'i cao cua dan tdc. 2. Anh htfdng tfl tfl tfldng tinh thuc cua Thien tdng. Tinh thue vdi yeu cau bie't rd ve ban than, chfl y tdi ban than, khdng phieu dieu, khdng hdi hdt, bie't rd hanh vi, tam trang ban than. Mud'n vay, phai "theo ddi chinh ban than minh. Phai theo ddi nhiing phan ring ciia minh "<^ l Thfle stf la bie't minh thiic trang da't nfldc; biet ngtfdi - ntfdc khac va ca the' gidi. Nhan thfle dung tinh hinh qud'c te' la mdt trong cac can cfl quan trgng chi dao tie'n trinh hdi nhap kinh te' qud'c te'. Stf tfldng ddng gifla hai hien thfle dd cd y nghia to ldn giflp chung ta khdng bi Ifldng gat, dao ddng, tham chi thdi phdng hay ttf ti ve ban than. Nhan thfle dung thdi stf qud'c te' vdi cac cudc chie'n tranh cue bd, xung dot vu trang, xung dot sac tdc, tdn giao vdi ta't ca nhfl'ng tinh chat phflc tap khd Itfdng cua nd. Thiic te' theo tinh than tinh thuc yeu cau ludn ludn bam sat thiic te, van dung phtfdng phap luan N A^ phu hdp de danh gia ngay cang chinh xac sau sac hdn ve thdi cudc, de ra chinh sach phu hdp, hieu qua. 3. Tae dung cua ttf ttfdng Hoa Binh - Hoa Hdp "Mdt ye'u to' he't sflc quan trgng trong tie'n trinh hdi nhap la nhan to hoa binh, vi ehi cd hoa binh mdi dem lai sfl phdn vinh va dn dinh xa hdi"'<">. Hoa hdp vdi mgi ngfldi, vdi xung quanh va ca vdi chinh ban than. "Chiing ta phai bie't tu la sdng trd ve vdi chan tam cua minh,... Bd dien dao vgng ttfdng, sd'ng vdi cai chan that cua minh,... khdng ttfdng tfldng gi he't, chi budng nhiing gi vd li, sd'ng vdi chan tam eua minh ""^'. Tfl tfldng nay nhfl sfl gdi md dinh htfdng eho hdi nhap kinh te' qud'c te' thiic hien tdn trgng quyen sd hiiu chan chinh cua con ngtfdi, phan dd'i ctfdng qud'c mau dich, canh tranh khdng lanh manh, sao cho, "gifl viing ddc lap, tfl chu, tfl life, tfl cfldng, day manh da dang hoa, da phfldng hoa quan he dd'i ngoai", gdp phan xay dtfng gia dinh nhan loai khoan nhtfdng, tdn kinh va hdp tac. Cd vay mdi tie'p nhan dtfdc thanh qua van minh nhan loai va dinh htfdng qiian trgng cho nen van hoa hdi nhap. 4. Tinh than tu tin, sang tao Tinh than nay ddi hdi "Chinh Tin - dflc tin chac chan, khdng lay chuyen, phat sinh tfl sfl hieu bie't eua chinh minh "<"l Yeu cau tie'p theo la tfl lam chu ban than, vfldt len khdng sd hoan canh dfl hoan canh ra sao. "Sd di chflng ta sd canh 10. Ajahn Chah. Ty khuu Khanh Hy dich. Mat hd tmh Idng. Sdd. tx.2\?,. 11. Hpc Vien Phat giao Viet Nam tai Hii Noi. Ki veil khod \' ndm hgc thir nhd't tr Thien vien Triic Lam Da Lat. Hoa Thugng Thfch Thanh Tu. Tie'n thdng vdo Thien tdng. NXB. TOng hgp TP. Ho Chf Minh tr Ajahn Chah. Ty khuu Khanh Hy dich. Mdt hd tinh Idng. NXB. Tdng Hgp. TP. H6 Chf Minh Phat lich tr. 24. ' '

7 Le Ngoc Thong. Anh hudng ci'ia tu tudng Thien long... 43_ ben ngoai, am thanh ben ngoai la vi thay canh that, am thanh that. Bay gid thay canh gia dd'i, am thanh gia dd'i, qua rdi mat thi khdng cdn chtfdng nfla. Viec tu khdng bi chfldng nhd tri tue viing, thay dfldc le that"<'*>. Yeu cau tie'p theo la tfl chu lien tuc khdng ngdi nghi; "Ldi tu nay iing dung khi ngdi Thien, khi lam cdng tac, khi ra dtfdng. Chflng ta cfl lam mdt each tfl nhien, khdng ngai chi he't, nhflng nhd, mat nhin la chan tu, tai nghe la chan tu, than bie't xfle cham la chan tu'"»^l Tinh than ay cua Thien tdng gdp phan tao dflng stf ttf chu, tich ctfc chu ddng trong hdi nhap. Kien dinh vdi lap trtfdng da chgn theo y nguyen ciia dan, dem lai an lac cho dan. Do vay, khdng ehi trang bi kie'n thfle khoa hgc, kie'n thfle ehuyen nganh, ki nang lam viec, giao tie'p, ma can phai dan dan hinh hanh quan diem, niem tin de khdng dao ddng, hoang mang trfldc cac bie'n cd' Idn cua thdi dai, qua dd, tranh dfldc cac sai lam: "Chi thuan tuy hgc li thuye't ma khdng thiic hanh thi chang khac nao "bd hinh bat bdng""''^'*'. Dieu dd dtfdc thiic te' khang dinh: Phat giao cung nhtf khoa hgc deu diia vao phtfdng phap thiic nghiem. Phtfdng phap phan tich cua Phat giao thdng thtfdng su: dung "suy luan"' cflng dtfdc dflng rdng rai trong khoa hgc. Tuan theo tdn chi Thien tdng: "Dd'i canh vd tam" giup ca nhan con ngfldi khdng bi le thugc vao hoan canh, du d hoan canh nao, ciing can chu ddng vtfdt len, vtfdt len ca sd' phan. Cdn vdi ca dan tdc, ttf ttfdng dd nhtf mdt can cfl, mdt stf dinh htfdng cho nhiem vu gifl viing ban sac van hoa dan tdc. Cd the coi dd nhtf mdt ye'u to' ndi sinh ciia nen kinh te' ttf chu, ddc lap, tiep thu van hoa nhan loai, ddng gdp cac gia tri van boa dan tdc cho nhan loai. 5. Tac dung cua ttf ttfdng TrUe chi nhan tam Ttf ttfdng nay yeu cau, phat hien va phat huy sflc manh tiem nang trong con ngtfdi, hieu dflng ve ban than "bie't minh, AA A V A'' biet ta"". Khi do, con ngtfdi se hieu dtfdc, dgc dtfdc chinh tam minh. "... Dgc chinh tam minh rat thfl vi. Cai tam chtfa dtfdc huan luyen nay ludn ludn chay theo thdi quen te hai. Tam nhay nhdt thich thu va lieu linh vi chtfa dtfdc hua'n luyen thanh thuc. Bdi the', hay huan luyen tam minh. Dd la dieu td'i thie't ye'u. Phat giao la dao cua tam. Chi cd the' thdi. Ngtfdi nao dao luyen tam minh, ngtfdi ay thiic hanh Phat giao"'<'"'l Vdi ca dan tdc thi dd la qua trinh gifl vu:ng qud'c hdn, qud'c tfly, ddc lap tfl chu, ke't hdp tie'p thu sflc manh ben ngoai vdi sflc manh trong nfldc tao nen the'va Iflc - hay vi the' Viet Nam trong quan he qud'c te'. Mdt thfle te' la khdng It dd'i tac vdi Viet Nam mud'n dung sflc manh uy hiep, ep budc Viet Nam, tham chi cdn nudi y tfldng lai ehe'do chinh tri Viet Nam theo htfdng khac. Do dd, phai tich ctfc chd'ng "dien bie'n hoa binh" va van de "nhan quyen". Chd'ng nhiing hoat ddng, td chflc, phong trao cd am mflu den td'i mud'n 14. Thien vien Tnic Lam Da Lat. Hoa Thugng Thfch Thanh TCr. Tieh thang vdo Thien rdng, NXB. T6ng hop TP. Ho Chf Minh, 2006, tr Thien vien True Lam Da Lat. Hoa Thugng Thfch Thanh Tir. Tien thdng vdo Thien tdng. Sdd. tr Ajahn Chah. Ty khuu Khanh Hy dich. Mat hd tinh Idng. NXB. TOng Hgp, TP. H6 Chf Minh. Phat lich 2552, 2008, tr Ajahn Chah. Ty khuu Khanh Hy dich. Mdt hd tinh Idng. Sdd. tr. [59.

8 44 Nghien cuu Ton giao. Sd dung nhan quyen thay cho chu quyen dan tdc va lam suy giam vai trd lanh dao cua Dang Cdng san Viet Nam. 6. Tae dung cua tfl tfldng va phong each tfl duy sang tao Thien tdng Thien tdng hfldng dan viec phuc hdi nhanh sflc manh, kha nang ap dung, thich nghi va linh ddng, khdng ap dat, giao dieu, bao thu. Khi tie'p can vdi hoan canh mdi, thu' thach mdi, ddi hdi stf dap ling mdi, mdi ca nhan khdng giao dieu thi xa hdi rdng md td't dep. Ve chie'n tranh, Thien giup nhan thfle dflng: ban thfl khdng the cham diit bang ban thu ma phai bang tinh thfldng. Ke't qua va cung la ndi dung tfl ttfdng va phong each ttf duy sang tao theo phong each Thien tdng. a. Nhan thfle the' gidi, thdi dai, qua trinh hdi nhap kinh te' qud'c te' khach quan khoa hgc, bien chiing, tranh sai lam ap dat chu quan, xua't phat tfl luan li: mudn phap do tam sinh ra mdt each chu quan, duy y chi, qua dd ma giflp cho hanh ddng dung dan, cd hieu qua cao. b. Nha't quan trong muc tieu, linh hoat trong viec ke't hdp life Itfdng trong than - tam va ngoai canh, thfle hien td't nguyen tac, phfldng phap luan: "di bat bie'n, iing van bie'n". Bat bie'n la stf trung thanh vdi muc tieu hanh phuc, an lac cho con ngtfdi, nhu'ng cac bien phap mang tinh chat "van bie'n" do tuy duyen va ludn ludn nham vao muc tieu cd ban va lau dai, bat bie'n neu tren. c. Ludn gifl viing ddc lap, tfl chu. Nam vu:ng xu the' cua thdi dai trong sfl phat A' ^ 9 trien chung, hdp quy luat; mem deo, cd dgng, linh boat trong cudc sd'ng. Ngay nay, the' gidi dang xay dtfng gia dinh nhan loai; Can dem cua cai hdi mdn cua mdi ntfdc gia nhap gia dinh ay; Viet Nam khdng ngoai le, khdng chi vi ldi lac cua rieng Viet Nam, ma cdn gdp phan vi ldi lac ca nhan loai, gia tang nghi ll htfdng ngoai va ea gia tang nghi ll htfdng ndi, phat huy tiem nang trong mdi con ngtfdi, truyen ba Thien tdng ra the' gidi qua hoat ddng kinh te'. Tom lai: Ve Thien tdng Viet Nam ndi rieng, tfl cdi ngudn Phat giao ndi chung, Chu tich ntfdc Nguyin Minh Triet da phat bieu: "Phat giao Viet Nam da trai qua hang ngan nam lich su", thdi ki nao, Phat giao cung lay dflc tfl bi, hi xa, lay chan - thien - mi de giao hoa chflng sinh, lay tri tue va phung sfl da't nfldc lam sfl nghiep va phfldng cham hanh dao,... nhiing gia tri td't dep cua Phat giao da gdp phan hun due nen nhiing gia tri td't dep cua con ngfldi Viet Nam. Lich su' Viet Nam da ghi nhan Phat giao Viet Nam cd nhiing ddng gdp xiing dang cho viec bao ve va xay dtfng da't ntfdc'"^^^l Do vay, can sif dung kie'n thfle, cae gia tri truyen thd'ng de gdp phan giai quye't cdng viec ngay nay, tao mdi trfldng thuan Idi cho tie'n trinh hdi nhap kinh te' qud'c te'. Thien tdng da thfle sfl la cdt tuy cua dao Phat vdi cac gia tri dao dflc, nhan sinh cd tinh ben viing dai lau. Dieu dd khdng nhiing cd Idi cho sfl dn dinh, phat trien dan tdc ma cdn cho ca cdng ddng the' gidi. Thien tdng gdp phan cho stf tie'n bd chung cua the' gidi, thich hdp trong thdi dai mdi: phuc hdi nhanh sflc manh, kha nang ap dung, thich nghi va linh ddng, khdng vdi ke't luan ciing nhac, ap dat, tranh khuynh htfdng giao dieu./. 18. Hoc Vien Phat giao Viet Nam tai Ha Noi. Ki ye'u khod V ndm hgc thir nhd't , tr. 31.