Muslim Civilization Section 1
|
|
- Joseph Montgomery
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Muslim Civilization Section 1
2 Muslim Civilization Section 1 Click the icon to play Listen to History audio. Click the icon below to connect to the Interactive Maps.
3 Muslim Civilization Section 1 Main Idea Reading Focus The Origins of Islam Muhammad, a merchant whom Muslims believe was the last prophet, reported that he received messages from God. The religion he taught Islam drew many followers. What was Arabia like at the time of Muhammad s birth? What were Muhammad s messages, and how were they received? What are some basic ideas of Islam?
4 The Arabian Peninsula Arabia was sparsely populated 1,500 years ago. Small bands of bedouins moved their herds between scattered oases in the desert. The Setting Religious Function Farming limited in Arabia Commerce lively Trade routes met at the Arabian Peninsula Ideas and merchandise exchanged Trade-dependent towns rose near coasts Mecca, near Red Sea, most important of coastal towns The Kaaba, cube-shaped structure, at heart of Mecca 500s, already ancient, considered sacred Possible meteorite built into one wall, relic from heaven Idols of local gods inside Site drew religious pilgrims One god considered supreme: Allah
5 Muhammad the Messenger Early Life Muhammad s Faith Muhammad ibn Abd Allah born 570 Parents died, Muhammad raised by uncle, powerful clan leader Grew up to have successful career in Mecca as merchant Married to older woman at age 25, fathered seven children, all but one of whom died young Met followers of Judaism, Christianity while traveling on business Had always been religious man, but faiths of others probably also influenced Muhammad s thinking Took frequent spiritual retreats Angel appeared to him during retreat, commanded him to speak messages from Allah Muhammad disturbed by visitation, unsure of meaning After more visits from angel, Muhammad concluded God had chosen him to be a prophet
6 Messages Among many messages from angel, Muhammad reported Allah one and only true and all-powerful God Other messages; instructions on how to live to please Allah, live in paradise Public Preaching Safety The Revelations Muhammad originally told only wife, few friends about experiences Began to preach in public after about three years, attracted many followers Some powerful Meccans did not accept teachings Many disliked Muhammad s criticism of traditional beliefs in many gods Only protection of uncle kept him safe After uncle s death Muhammad knew he and followers not safe in Mecca
7 Hegira 622, Muhammad moved to Yathrib, came to be called Medina, the Prophet s City ; journey from Mecca to Medina came to be known as hegira Later Muslims marked year of hegira as first year of Islamic calendar Building Faith Muhammad spent decade building community of fellow believers Called faith Islam, meaning achieving peace through submission to God Followers known as Muslims Mecca Sharing the Revelations People of Mecca who wanted Muhammad stopped did not give up Fought several battles with Muhammad, followers, ultimately lost ground 630, Muhammad controlled Mecca, influence unmatched
8
9 Basic Ideas of Islam As Muhammad gained political power, revelations continued Muhammad could not read, write; recited revelations Followers memorized words, some wrote them down Writings Muslims believe as direct revelations from God collected in Qur an, sacred text of Islam Qur an Five Pillars of Islam Muslims read from Qur an to hear Allah s teachings Seek religious experience in rhythm, beauty of words Full meaning known only in original Arabic language Translations not true representation Five basic acts of worship central to Islam, Five Pillars of Islam 1. Profession of faith 2. Five daily prayers 3. Giving of alms to poor, needy 4. Fasting during month of Ramadan 5. Make pilgrimage to Mecca
10 Profession of Faith There is no god but God Five Pillars of Islam By affirmation, Muslim signals acceptance of the faith Denies existence of other gods, accepts Muhammad as prophet Five Daily Prayers Worshippers say daily prayers five times during day Always face Mecca to pray, no matter where they are Giving Alms to Poor, Needy Muslims supposed to give percentage of income to charity Even those with little encouraged to help others Fasting During Ramadan Muslims required to go without food, drink, dawn to dusk Ramadan when Muhammad began to report messages written down in Qur an
11 Mecca Pilgrimage to Mecca Muslims physically, financially able required to go to Mecca Journey called the hajj Gather to pray in mosque Perform various rituals, walk seven times around Kaaba Climb Mount Arafat, site of Muhammad s last sermon
12 Guidelines for Behavior Qur an provides guidelines for moral behavior Muslims may not eat pork, drink alcohol, must wash before praying Qur an prohibits murder, lying, stealing Requires jihad, to defend Muslim community, also means holy war Sunna and Sharia Record of Muhammad s behavior, teachings known as Sunna, tradition, provides guidance in personal relationships, business Muslim legal system known as Sharia, reflects various rules by which Muslims should live, outlines method of reasoning, argument for legal cases, made up of opinions, writings over several centuries
13 People of the Book Islam monotheistic like Jewish, Christian faiths Islamic beliefs: Allah the same as God in Jewish, Christian traditions Abraham, Moses, Jesus messengers from God Muhammad, last of God s prophets Qur an represents God s final message Muslims told to respect Jews, Christians as people of the book; share tradition of prophets who taught, received God s revelations
14 Muslim Civilization Section 2 Main Idea Reading Focus The Spread of Islam After Muhammad s death, Islam spread beyond the Arabian Peninsula, shaping a major empire within 100 years. While the empire eventually broke into smaller parts, Islam continued to spread. How did Islam evolve after Muhammad s death? What were key events of the Umayyad dynasty? What changes occurred under the Abbasid dynasty? What led to the end of the caliphate s unity?
15 Islam after Muhammad s Death The death of Muhammad in 632 presented a challenge for the Muslim community. Who would lead the group and keep it unified? The answer affected the faith s spread and its future. Muhammad s Successors Priorities Expansion of Territory Muhammad had not named successor No clear candidate Abu Bakr, close companion, early convert, chosen leader, called caliph, successor Abu Bakr focused on bringing back bedouin tribes Built strong Arab fighting forces to keep tribes under control Reunified Arabia, led forces north Abu Bakr, successor Umar, expanded Muslim rule rapidly 637 early victory against Persian forces in Iraq 642 victory over Persian Empire complete
16 More Expansion After Iraq, Persia, Arab army faced wealthy Byzantine Empire to west Byantines first lost Damascus, Syria, Jerusalem 639, Byzantine province of Egypt fell; 642, rest of Nile Valley under Arab rule Empire Only 10 years after Muhammad s death, followers had created empire Conquests continued under later caliphs 661, caliphate stretched from northern Africa in west to Persia in East Internal Conflict and Division Deep conflict within Muslim leadership, began with choice of Abu Bakr, caliph Some had supported Muhammad s cousin, Ali 644, Ali lost again, to Uthman, supported by powerful Mecca clan Umayyad
17 Ali s Troubles Civil War Sunnis and Shias Umayyads had been Muhammad s enemies, converted reluctantly, were unpopular Uthman killed by rebels Ali became caliph Civil war broke out between Ali s forces and the Umayyad; Ali was killed, Umayyad regained control Most Muslims accepted the Umayyad caliph, Mu awiya Umayyad supporters were called Sunnis; followers of the Sunna, or way of the Prophet Ali s supporters refused to go along with Umayyads. Ali s supporters became known as the Shia, party of Ali
18 The Shia and Imams Shia believed God had specially blessed Ali s descendants Ali s descendants were Muhammad s true heirs Shia called each of Ali s successors imam Imam means leader For the Shia, only imams can interpret the Qur an.
19 Conflict Conflict deepened between Sunni, Shia after the deaths of Mu awiya, Ali Many thought Yazid, Mu awiya s son, successor, not a good Muslim Muhammad s grandson, Husayn, led rebellion against Yazid Husayn, forces defeated in battle at Karbala, Iraq Further Division Husayn killed while holding infant son, battle became known as the martyrdom of Husayn; split between Sunni, Shia has remained bitter Third group developed within Islam the Sufis Sufis seek mystical, personal connection with God, using range of practices including breath control and meditation in rituals
20
21 The Umayyad Dynasty Under the Umayyad caliphs, Muslim rule spread. Internal problems weakened the Umayyads, though, & led to their fall. Continued Expansion Umayyads strengthened rule after death of Husayn Achievements: Established Arabic as official language Made coinage uniform throughout empire Began first great work of Islamic architecture, Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem Military Conquests Armies conquered territory to borders of China, Indus River Valley, to east Took northern Africa, most of Spain, to west Conquests spread Muslim faith, while allowing religious freedom for People of the Book; some restrictions, taxes for Non-Muslims
22 The Dome of the Rock - Jerusalem, Israel
23 Umayyads strengthened central government as caliphate grew in size Arab Muslims became ruling class, with power, privilege unavailable to those they conquered Creation of privileged class conflicted with strong Muslim ideal of equality Wars over succession also upsetting to many faithful, unhappy with emphasis on political ambition End of the Umayyads Displeasure with Umayyads widespread Shia opposition continued Also unrest among conquered people, some Arab tribes Umayyads weakened by discontent, time ripe for rebellion Ruling the Empire Rebellion Abbasids, led by descendant of Muhammad s uncle, united many Umayyad opponents by appearing to support their causes Abbasids wiped out Umayyads in series of battles, late 740s Caliphate entered Abbasid dynasty
24 The Abbasid Dynasty Baghdad Abbasids relocated capital of caliphate; rulers lived in splendor Chose Baghdad, on Tigris River, in present-day Iraq Persian Influence Move to Baghdad beginning of end of Arab domination of Muslim world Abbasids adopted Persian style of government Government Rulers cut off from people Caliph hidden behind screen in throne room, could not be seen Used Persian officials; vizier, deputy, oversaw affairs of state Change in Islam Nature of Islam changed Abbasids invited all to join in, turned Islam into universal religion, attracted people of many cultures
25 A Changing Culture Importance of Trade Funding for Change Islam spread through trade Muslim traders journeyed from end to end of caliphate, exchanging goods and information Exchange brought Islam to West Africa, Southeast Asia Trade helped fund cultural achievement Most prominent Abbasid caliph, Harun al-rashid, helped bring culture to great heights, 786 to 809 Support of scholarship helped produce lasting achievements of Islamic arts, sciences
26 The End of Unity As early as the 800s, Abbasid political power weakened. By the 900s, a number of small, independent states broke away from the caliphate. Challenges from Europe Problems from Egypt European Christians weakened Muslim rule Christian armies began to drive Muslims out of Spain, 1000s European Christians began Crusades Wanted to make Holy Land Christian, won at first Muslims eventually retook Jerusalem 969, serious threat, Fatimid dynasty established in Egypt Claimed descent from Muhammad s daughter Fatimah From Egypt, controlled Mediterranean, Red Sea Disrupted Abbasid trade Fatamids soon richer, more powerful than Abbasids
27 Seljuk Turks Many non-arabs among peoples of caliphate, including Turks 1055, Turkish Seljuks rose to power, took control of Baghdad Seljuks were Sunni Muslims, supported Abbasid caliph War Against Byzantine Empire Mamluks and Mongols Seljuk Turks and Others Seljuks defended the Abbasids against the Fatimids, went to war against the Byzantine Empire, defeated the Byzantines at Battle of Manzikert Seljuks went on to create their own empire 1200s, Mamluks took power in Egypt, Syria 1258, Mongols destroyed Baghdad, killed Abbasid caliph; caliphate finished Islam still a vital force, spread to India, Central and Southeast Asia
28 Muslim Civilization Section 2
29 Muslim Civilization Section 3 Main Idea Reading Focus Society and Culture For the first Muslims, Islam was more than a religion. It was a guide to political, social and cultural life. The early Muslims responded with spectacular achievement in many fields. What were some key features of Muslim society? What were some of the accomplishments of Muslim scholarship? What were some of the contributions to the arts made by Muslim artists?
30 Islam affected almost all aspects of daily life, providing guidance on how Muslims should deal with many issues. The Family Islam set forth roles within family Man head of family Men could have several wives Husbands supposed to treat all wives equally Rights of women and children were protected Muslim Society Women Rights of women varied from clan to clan prior to Islam According to Qur an, women equal to men before Allah Women could inherit property, seek divorce in some cases Played vital roles Went into battle Influenced politics Lost status in Abbasid dynasty
31 Slavery Islamic texts also addressed slavery, common in Muslim Empire Qur an did not condemn slavery, required slaves be treated fairly Freeing slaves was praised as a religious act Treatment of slaves improved, but remained part of society, economy Economy Economic life of Muslim community built largely on commerce Merchants followed trade routes east, west across Arabian Peninsula Traders developed practical business methods, spread use of coinage, standardized weights, measures, extended credit Trade provided much of wealth to maintain empire, spread faith
32 Learning added to Muslim cultural unity. Scholars made essential contributions in several fields. Many later European intellectual achievements grew out of the work of Muslim scholars. A Culture of Learning Muslim Scholarship Vastness of Caliphate Contributions Scholarship thrived in the Muslim world Islam commanded followers to examine their world and seek evidence of Allah in its wonders Caliphate vast, included many different cultures Particularly influential were Greek, Persian, Indian civilizations Translation into Arabic of ancient Greek works Much work took place at House of Wisdom, maintained by government at Baghdad
33 Translations Valuable Contributions Muslim Spain Through translations from Greek, texts from Hippocrates, Euclid, Galen, Ptolemy made available to new audiences Texts stimulated further study throughout Muslim world Influence of texts extended to Europe; eventually translated into Latin, made available to European scholars Exchange point for much of knowledge Muslim scholar of Cordoba, Ibn Rushd wrote commentaries on Aristotle His work on relationship between reason, faith influenced not just Muslim but also Jewish, Christian thinking into the 1400s
34 Discoveries Muslim scholars explored astronomy Astronomy came to Muslim world through texts from Persia, India Almagest Astronomers Astronomy Most important influence on astronomy, Ptolemy s work, first translated into Arabic 800s Described movements of heavenly bodies, gave tables for predicting paths Muslim astronomers built observatories; helped create calendar still in use Muslims needed to predict phases of moon to plan religious festivals Perfected astrolabe, used in navigation to plot positions of stars, planets
35 Mathematics Muslims also made advances in mathematics From India, adopted symbols 0 through 9 Making its way to Europe, this system became known as Arabic numerals Algebra and trigonometry also came from Muslim thinkers
36 Muslim Civilization Section 3
37 Medicine and Beyond Medicine highly developed in the Muslim world Doctors in Baghdad had to pass rigorous tests in order to practice Baghdad had world s first school of pharmacy Muslim doctors developed many skills, including eye surgery Scores of different instruments invented, perfected Ibn Sina most well-known medical scholar of time Other Fields of Study History Geographers made many strides Empire included many different lands, people Pilgrims needed to find way to Mecca, travel guides written One geographer measured earth s circumference with much accuracy 1300s, Ibn Khaldun wrote history of world Historians still interested in comments Warned against basic errors like bias, praising rulers too highly in order to gain favor
38 Artistic Expression Like scholarly life, Muslim artistic expression rich, varied Developed distinctive features, influenced by many cultures in vast empire Arts and Literature Islamic Art Muslim artists worked in range of materials, wood, metal, ceramics, textiles Religious art does not contain human, animal figures Idolatry Believed portraying people, animals could tempt worship Worshipping anyone, anything besides Allah the worst possible sin Patterns, Designs Avoidance of figures led to use of geometric patterns, floral designs Intricate design known as an arabesque
39 Examples of Arabesque Art
40 Calligraphy Another distinctive feature of Islamic art, calligraphy beautifully styled writing Artists who produced copies of Qur an sought perfection in reproduction of word of Allah Artful representation of words became central part of Islamic art Calligraphy appears on walls of mosques, adorns many household objects
41
42 Muslim Architecture Architecture in Muslim world also developed distinctive features Several forms, plans for building mosques developed All have features in common Minarets, tall towers from which faithful called to prayer Domes Some show Persian, Turkish influence in designs
43
44 Qur an Literature Most significant written work in Islam is the Qur an Clear style, message have won millions of converts to the faith Influenced later development of Arabic language Nonreligious works Arabian Nights tells how beautiful young woman saved herself and other women from murderous caliph The tales were collected over time, include contributions from many countries Poets Produced works in several different languages Jalal ad-din Rumi s Persian language poems of 1200s still recited today Omar Khayyam s The Rubaiyat celebrates simple pleasures
45 Muslim Civilization Section 3
46 Muslim Civilization Section 3 Video The Impact of Islam throughout the World
Name Class Date. Vocabulary Builder. 1. Identify the person who declared himself a prophet of Allah. Describe him.
Section 1 DIRECTIONS Answer each question by writing a sentence that contains at least one word from the word bank. Muslims Muhammad Five Pillars of Islam jihad 1. Identify the person who declared himself
More informationThe Arabian Peninsula. Farming limited in Arabia Commerce lively Mecca, near Red Sea, most important of coastal towns
The Rise of Islam The Arabian Peninsula Farming limited in Arabia Commerce lively Mecca, near Red Sea, most important of coastal towns Middle East: Climate Regions Fresh Groundwater Sources Mountain Ranges
More informationChapter 10: The Muslim World,
Name Chapter 10: The Muslim World, 600 1250 DUE DATE: The Muslim World The Rise of Islam Terms and Names Allah One God of Islam Muhammad Founder of Islam Islam Religion based on submission to Allah Muslim
More informationI. The Rise of Islam. A. Arabs come from the Arabian Peninsula. Most early Arabs were polytheistic. They recognized a god named Allah and other gods.
I. The Rise of Islam A. Arabs come from the Arabian Peninsula. Most early Arabs were polytheistic. They recognized a god named Allah and other gods. 1. Mecca and Muhammad Mecca was a great trading center
More informationUnit 8: Islamic Civilization
Unit 8: Islamic Civilization Standard(s) of Learning: WHI.8 The student will demonstrate knowledge of the Islamic civilization from about 600 to 1000 AD by a) Describing the origin, beliefs, traditions,
More informationIn the last section, you read about early civilizations in South America. In this section, you will read about the rise of Islam.
CHAPTER 10 Section 1 (pages 263 268) The Rise of Islam BEFORE YOU READ In the last section, you read about early civilizations in South America. In this section, you will read about the rise of Islam.
More informationAbraham s Genealogy. Judaism-Torah. Islam-Quran Muhammad (the last prophet) Quran and the Five Pillars of Islam.
Abraham s Genealogy 100-1500 HAGAR Islam-Quran ABRAHAM Judaism-Torah SARAH Ishmael Isaac 12 Arabian Tribes Jacob/Israel Esau Muhammad (the last prophet) Quran and the Five Pillars of Islam Mecca (Muslims)
More information5/10/2018. The Islamic Civilization. A Study of the Faith / Empire / Culture. Mecca / Makkah. Isolated Peninsula. Southwestern = Fertile
The Islamic Civilization A Study of the Faith / Empire / Culture Mecca / Makkah 1 Isolated Peninsula Southwestern = Fertile Remainder = Arid Plains / Desert Agriculture along the coastal areas Bedouin
More informationnetw rks Where in the world? When did it happen? Islamic Civilization Lesson 1 A New Faith ESSENTIAL QUESTION Terms to Know GUIDING QUESTIONS
Lesson 1 A New Faith ESSENTIAL QUESTION How do religions develop? GUIDING QUESTIONS 1. How did physical geography influence the Arab way of life? 2. What message did Muhammad preach to the people of Arabia?
More informationThe rise of the Islamic Empire
The rise of the Islamic Empire 600-1250 The Rise of Islam The Arabian Peninsula is a crossroads of 3 con@nents: Africa, Europe and Asia Trade routes connected Arabia to many areas such as Byzan@ne, Persian,
More informationISLAMIC CIVILIZATIONS A.D.
ISLAMIC CIVILIZATIONS 600-1000 A.D. ISLAM VOCAB Muhammad the Prophet- the founder of Islam Islam- monotheistic religion meaning submission Muslim- followers of Islam Mecca- holy city to Arab people located
More informationMuslim Civilizations
Muslim Civilizations Muhammad the Prophet Born ca. 570 in Mecca Trading center; home of the Kaaba Marries Khadija At 40 he goes into the hills to meditate; God sends Gabriel with a call Khadija becomes
More informationSection 2. Objectives
Objectives Explain how Muslims were able to conquer many lands. Identify the divisions that emerged within Islam. Describe the rise of the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. Explain why the Abbasid empire
More informationWhere in the world? RESG When did it happen? Chapter 14 Map Title: Where in the World? File a.d. Name: 500 C14_L1_wsresg_01A.ai Map Size: 39p6 x 20p0
Lesson 1 A New Faith ESSENTIAL QUESTION How do religions develop? GUIDING QUESTIONS 1. How did physical geography influence the Arab way of life? 2. What message did Muhammad preach to the people of Arabia?
More informationTHE ISLAMIC WORLD THROUGH 1450 Settle in this is going to be a long one
THE ISLAMIC WORLD THROUGH 1450 Settle in this is going to be a long one Pre-Islamic Bedouin Culture Well-established on the Arabian Peninsula, mostly nomadic, tribal, and polytheistic The Sheikh was the
More information5/8/2015. The Islamic Civilization. A Study of the Faith / Empire / Culture. Isolated Peninsula. Southwestern = Fertile
The Islamic Civilization A Study of the Faith / Empire / Culture Mecca / Makkah 1 Isolated Peninsula Southwestern = Fertile Remainder = Arid Plains / Desert Agriculture along the coastal areas Bedouin
More informationIslamic World. Standard: Trace the origins and expansion of the Islamic World between 600 CE and 1300 CE.
Islamic World Standard: Trace the origins and expansion of the Islamic World between 600 CE and 1300 CE. Essential Question: What were the origins and expansion of the Islamic World? Islam Element: Explain
More informationThe Arab Empire and Its Successors Chapter 6, Section 2 Creation of an Arab Empire
The Arab Empire and Its Successors Chapter 6, Section 2 Creation of an Arab Empire Muhammad became a leader of the early Muslim community Muhammad s death left no leader he never named a successor and
More information[ 6.5 ] History of Arabia and Iraq
[ 6.5 ] History of Arabia and Iraq [ 6.5 ] History of Arabia and Iraq Learning Objectives Describe the civilizations of ancient Mesopotamia. Explain the origins and beliefs of Islam, including the significance
More informationThe Rise of Islam In the seventh century, a new faith took hold in the Middle East. The followers of Islam, Muslims, believe that Allah (God) transmit
The World of Islam The Rise of Islam In the seventh century, a new faith took hold in the Middle East. The followers of Islam, Muslims, believe that Allah (God) transmitted his words through Mohammad,
More informationThe Islamic World and Africa. Chapter 9
The Islamic World and Africa Chapter 9 Rise of Islam Due to warfare between the Byzantine and Persian empires trade land routes were changed. Sea routes were now used, connecting India with Arabian Peninsula
More informationIslam AN AGE OF ACCELERATING CONNECTIONS ( )
Islam AN AGE OF ACCELERATING CONNECTIONS (600 1450) Throughout most of its history, the people of the Arabian peninsula were subsistence farmers, lived in small fishing villages, or were nomadic traders
More informationThe Islamic Empires Chapter 11
The Islamic Empires Chapter 11 Islam arose in the Arabian peninsula in the early 600 s Mecca Medina- Jerusalem Caliph-successor to Muhammad Divisions grow -->who should rule after Muhammad's death Sunni
More informationChapter 10. Byzantine & Muslim Civilizations
Chapter 10 Byzantine & Muslim Civilizations Section 1 The Byzantine Empire Capital of Byzantine Empire Constantinople Protected by Greek Fire Constantinople Controlled by: Roman Empire Christians Byzantines
More informationArabian Peninsula Most Arabs settled Bedouin Nomads minority --Caravan trade: Yemen to Mesopotamia and Mediterranean
I. Rise of Islam Origins: Arabian Peninsula Most Arabs settled Bedouin Nomads minority --Caravan trade: Yemen to Mesopotamia and Mediterranean Brought Arabs in contact with Byzantines and Sasanids Bedouins
More informationWHI.08: Islam and WHI.10: Africa
Name: Date: Period: WHI08: Islam and WHI10: Africa WHI08 The student will demonstrate knowledge of Islamic civilization from about 600 to 1000 AD by a) describing the origin, beliefs, traditions, customs,
More informationThe Rise of Islam. Muhammad changes the world
The Rise of Islam Muhammad changes the world LOCATION Arabian Peninsula Southwest Asia, AKA the Middle East Serves as a bridge between Africa, Asia, and Europe, allowing goods and ideas to be shared. SOUTHWEST
More informationExpansion. Many clan fought each other. Clans were unified under Islam. Began military attacks against neighboring people
Islamic Empires Expansion Many clan fought each other Clans were unified under Islam Began military attacks against neighboring people Defeated Byzantine area of Syria Egypt Northern Africa Qur an permitted
More informationArabia before Muhammad
THE RISE OF ISLAM Arabia before Muhammad Arabian Origins By 6 th century CE = Arabic-speakers throughout Syrian desert Arabia before Muhammad Arabian Origins By 6 th century CE = Arabic-speakers throughout
More informationThe Origins of Islam. The Message and the Messenger. Created By: Beatrix, Lorien, and Selah
The Origins of Islam The Message and the Messenger Created By: Beatrix, Lorien, and Selah The Origin of Muhammad The Story of Islam The city of Mecca came about by a well. Hagar and Ishmael were stuck
More informationWorld History I Mrs. Rogers Sem
World History I Mrs. Rogers Sem. 1 2012 Chapter 10 Study Guide: Muslim Civilizations Section 1: Rise of Islam Bedouins (bed-oh-ins): a tribe of nomads that lived in the desert of the Arabian peninsula
More informationThe Origins of Islam. EQ: How could I compare and contrast the three major world religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam?
The Origins of Islam EQ: How could I compare and contrast the three major world religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam? Do you remember Sarah and Isaac? What about Hagar and Ishmael? Hagar and
More informationSSWH 5. Examine the political, economic, and cultural interactions within the Medieval Mediterranean World between 600 CE/AD and 1300 CE/AD.
SSWH 5 Examine the political, economic, and cultural interactions within the Medieval Mediterranean World between 600 CE/AD and 1300 CE/AD. SSWH 5 A Explain the origins of Islam and the growth of the Islamic
More informationThe World of Islam. Chapter 6
The World of Islam Chapter 6 STANDARD WHI.8a The student will demonstrate knowledge of Islamic civilization from about 600 to 1000 A.D. (C.E.) by a) describing the origin, beliefs, traditions, customs,
More informationWhat is Islam? Second largest religion in the world. 1.2 Billion Muslims (20% of earth population) Based on beliefs on Jews & Christians
Islamic Religion What is Islam? Second largest religion in the world 1.2 Billion Muslims (20% of earth population) Began in modern day Saudi Arabia Based on beliefs on Jews & Christians Abraham is first
More information10. What was the early attitude of Islam toward Jews and Christians?
1. Which of the following events took place during the Umayyad caliphate? a. d) Foundation of Baghdad Incorrect. The answer is b. Muslims conquered Spain in the period 711 718, during the Umayyad caliphate.
More informationNOTES: Unit 3 -Chapter 9: The Islamic World and Africa. In this chapter you will learn about developments in the during the.
Name NOTES: Unit 3 -Chapter 9: The Islamic World and Africa Introduction In this chapter you will learn about developments in the during the. Important Ideas A. Mohammed founded in the seventh century.
More informationChapter 13.2 The Arab Empire and the Caliphates & Islamic Civilization
Chapter 13.2 The Arab Empire and the Caliphates & Islamic Civilization Essential Questions How can religion influence the development of an empire? How might religious beliefs affect society, culture,
More informationMUSLIM WORLD. Honors World Civilizations, Chapter 10
MUSLIM WORLD Honors World Civilizations, Chapter 10 THIS CHAPTER OVERALL 3 sections: Rise of Islam Islam Expands Muslim Culture Your jobs: Take notes Participate Ask questions MUSLIM WORLD TODAY? Where
More informationProblems are not stop signs, they are guidelines. --- Robert H. Schuller. #4.8 The Spread of Islam
Name: Due Date: #4.8 The Spread of Islam Aim: How did Islam spread throughout the world? REVIEW: The Religion of Islam The religion of Islam began in the Arabian Peninsula in the A.D. 600s by a man named
More informationDivisions and Controversies in Islam and the Umayyad Dynasty. by Sasha Addison
Divisions and Controversies in Islam and the Umayyad Dynasty by Sasha Addison Death of Muhammad The prophet to the Muslim people was not immortal and so did die on June 8, 632 in Medina located in current
More information3. Who was the founding prophet of Islam? a. d) Muhammad b. c) Abraham c. a) Ali d. b) Abu Bakr
1. Which of the following events took place during the Umayyad caliphate? a. d) Foundation of Baghdad b. c) Establishment of the Delhi sultanate c. a) Crusader conquest of Jerusalem d. b) Conquest of Spain
More informationTHE ARAB EMPIRE. AP World History Notes Chapter 11
THE ARAB EMPIRE AP World History Notes Chapter 11 The Arab Empire Stretched from Spain to India Extended to areas in Europe, Asia, and Africa Encompassed all or part of the following civilizations: Egyptian,
More informationMk AD
Mk 2018 The Rise of the Arab Islamic Empire 622AD - 1450 610AD The Arabian Peninsula: Muhammad, age 40 has visions and revelations he claimed came from God. These revelations were written down by friends.
More informationFoundations of World Civilization: Notes 21 Islam Copyright Bruce Owen 2009 We left the Mediterranean world with the fall of the western Roman empire
Foundations of World Civilization: Notes 21 Islam Copyright Bruce Owen 2009 We left the Mediterranean world with the fall of the western Roman empire the last nominal emperor of the Western Roman empire,
More informationThe Expansion of Muslim Rule. By Ms. Escalante
The Expansion of Muslim Rule By Ms. Escalante Expansion Under the In 661, the Umayyads family won a power struggle and built a great empire. In less than 100 years, their empire spanned parts of 3 continents-asia,
More informationChapter 10: Section 1 Main Ideas
Chapter 10: Section 1 Main Ideas Main Idea #1: Islam was created by Muhammad in 570 ACE Main Idea #2: Islam is monotheistic, Allah is God, Quran is the sacred text of Islam, and Prophets were Abraham,
More informationTHE RISE OF ISLAM U N I T I I I
THE RISE OF ISLAM U N I T I I I MUHAMMAD THE PROPHET From Mecca in modern day Saudi Arabia Muhammad was a middle aged merchant who claimed the Angel Gabriel asked him to recite the word of God. As a Merchant,
More information11/22/15. Chapter 8, Part I
Chapter 8, Part I 224-651 1 3 rd century Iran Established by Ardashir Last pre-islamic heir to Persian Empire Successful maintenance of empire Money and military Hired Arab nomads to help protect borders
More informationWarmup. Islam is a monotheistic religion. What does monotheistic mean? Belief in one god
ISLAM Warmup Islam is a monotheistic religion. What does monotheistic mean? Belief in one god Agenda Warmup Islam PPT & Notes Venn Diagram Islam, Christianity, Judaism Pre-Islamic Arabia Pre-Islamic Arabia
More informationIslam. Outcomes: The Rise of Islam & Beliefs of Islam
Islam Outcomes: The Rise of Islam & Beliefs of Islam Constructive Response Questions 1. How was the development of Islam similar & different to Christianity? 2. Describe the core beliefs of a Muslim: What
More informationFasting A person must eat only one meal a day, after sunset, every day during the holy month of
What Muslims Believe Islam is a religion, believing in only one God. The Arabic word for God is The holy book for Muslims is the (also spelled Qu ran), which contains the rules for the religion revealed
More informationSSWH 5. Examine the political, economic, and cultural interactions within the Medieval Mediterranean World between 600 CE/AD and 1300 CE/AD.
SSWH 5 Examine the political, economic, and cultural interactions within the Medieval Mediterranean World between 600 CE/AD and 1300 CE/AD. Vocabulary Islam - a monotheistic religion that originated from
More informationMuslim Armies Conquer Many Lands
Main deas 1. Muslim armies conquered many lands into which slam slowly spread. 2. Trade helped slam spread into new areas. 3. A mix of cultures was one result of slam's spread. 4. slamic influence encouraged
More informationThe World Of Islam. By: Hazar Jaber
The World Of Islam By: Hazar Jaber Islam : literally means Submission, Peace. Culture Politics Why is it complicated? The story how it all began Muhammad (pbuh) was born in Mecca (570-632 AD) At age 40
More informationSSWH 5. Examine the political, economic, and cultural interactions within the Medieval Mediterranean World between 600 CE/AD and 1300 CE/AD.
SSWH 5 Examine the political, economic, and cultural interactions within the Medieval Mediterranean World between 600 CE/AD and 1300 CE/AD. Vocabulary Islam - a monotheistic religion that originated from
More informationTHE RISE OF ISLAM U N I T I I I
THE RISE OF ISLAM U N I T I I I MUHAMMAD THE PROFIT From Mecca in modern day Saudi Arabia Muhammad was a middle aged merchant who claimed the Angel Gabriel asked him to recite the word of God As a Merchant
More informationUnit Three. The Middle East and Asia in the Medieval Age
Unit Three The Middle East and Asia in the Medieval Age The Rise of Islam Chapter 10 Rise of Islam - Terms 1. Muhammad born into a powerful Meccan family, spent time alone in prayer & meditation; at the
More informationChristianity & Islam.
Islam 1 1. Compare and contrast the development of Christianity & Islam. 2. Describe the core beliefs of a Muslim. 2 1. Origin of Islam 2. Core beliefs of Islam 3. Connections to Judaism & Christianity
More informationTHE CHRONOLOGY OF THE POST-CLASSICAL PERIOD (P. 108) 1. What did the end of the classical era and the end of the post-classical era have in common?
600 CE 800 CE Name: Due Date: Unit III: The Postclassical Period, 500-1450: New Faith and New Commerce & Chapter 6 Reading Guide The First Global Civilization: The Rise of Spread of Islam THE CHRONOLOGY
More informationThe Rise of. Chap. 13 Lesson 2
The Rise of Chap. 13 Lesson 2 OBJECTIVES Explore the development and spread of Islam. Evaluate how trade affected Muslim ideas. Identify Muslims achievements. Key Content Most people on the dry Arabian
More informationThe Islamic Religion
The Islamic Religion Distribution and Diffusion of Islam Spread out of Medina through military conquest and relocation diffusion. Concentrated in the Middle East, Iberian Peninsula, and Northern Africa.
More informationSection 3. Objectives
Objectives Describe the role of trade in Muslim civilization. Identify the traditions that influenced Muslim art, architecture, and literature. Explain the advances Muslims made in centers of learning.
More informationAs I Enter. Think about: Agenda: Holy Quotes! You decide- is it from the bible, the Torah, or the Quran?
As I Enter Think about: Holy Quotes! You decide- is it from the bible, the Torah, or the Quran? Agenda: Notes on Islam Notes on Judaism Jerusalem Timeline Quotations from Holy Books Determine whether the
More informationIslamic Civilization
Islamic Civilization Overview No strict separation between religion and state; human beings should believe and behave in accordance with the commandments of Islam; Questions of politics, economics, civil
More informationN. Africa & S.W. Asia. Chapter #8, Section #2
N. Africa & S.W. Asia Chapter #8, Section #2 Muhammad & Islam Mecca Located in the mountains of western Saudi Arabia Began as an early trade center Hub for camel caravans trading throughout Southwest Asia
More informationReading Essentials and Study Guide
Lesson 2 The Arab Empire and the Caliphates ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How can religion influence the development of an empire? How might religious beliefs affect society, culture, and politics? Reading HELPDESK
More informationRise and Spread of Islam
Rise and Spread of Islam I. Byzantine Regions A. Almost entirely Christian by 550 CE B. Priests and monks numerous - needed much money and food to support I. Byzantine Regions C. Many debates about true
More informationUnit: The Rise and Spread of Islam
Unit: The Rise and Spread of Islam Lesson Title: The Cultural Achievements of Muslims (See textbook pages 94-98) Muslims over the centuries made important advances in science, literature, and art. They
More informationChapter 9: Islam & the Arab Empire, Lesson 3: Islamic Civilization
Chapter 9: Islam & the Arab Empire, 600 1000 Lesson 3: Islamic Civilization World History Bell Ringer #41 12-4-17 1. What led to the development of the Islamic caliphate? A. The death of Muhammad left
More informationAbu Bakr: Caliph: Caliphate: Sunni: Shiite: Sufis: Dhimmis: Umayyads: Abbasids: Terms, People, and Places
Abu Bakr: Caliph: Caliphate: Sunni: Shiite: Sufis: Dhimmis: Umayyads: Abbasids: Terms, People, and Places Lesson Objectives Explain how Muslims were able to conquer many lands. Identify the divisions that
More informationIn the emperor formally dedicated a new capital for the Roman Empire He called the city It became widely known as
Chapter 6 Fill-in Notes THE BYZANTINE AND ISLAMIC EMPIRES Overview Roman Empire collapses in the West The Eastern Roman Empire became known as the Empire a blending of the and cultures which influenced
More informationand the Shi aa muslins What I need to know:
What I need to know: Explain the origins of Islam. Analyze how Islam spread across the Arabian Peninsula. Examine the split between the Sunni Muslims and the Shi aa muslins Born around 570 CE o Into a
More informationIslam and Geography. Clara Kim All rights reserved.
Islam and Geography Copyright Clara Kim 2007. All rights reserved. Deserts Only a small strip of fertile land in south of Saudi Arabia Few oases The rest is Desert Bedouins Nomads who live in the desert
More informationWhat were the most important contributions Islam made to civilization?
Islamic Contributions and Achievements Muslim scholars were influenced by Greek, Roman and Indian culture. Many ideas were adopted from these people and formed the basis of Muslim scholarship that reached
More informationMuhammad, Islam & Finance. Barry Maxwell
Muhammad, Islam & Finance Barry Maxwell Saudi Arabia & USA Pre-Islamic Arabian Peninsula Harsh terrain No rivers & lakes Mecca Water & food scarce No empires or large scale civilizations No normal law
More informationUNIT 3 -CHAPTER 9: THE ISLAMIC WORLD AND AFRICA
UNIT 3 -CHAPTER 9: THE ISLAMIC WORLD AND AFRICA INTRODUCTION In this chapter you will learn about developments in the Middle East and Africa during the post-classical era. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What are
More information4. What was the primary international trade route during the Classical period?
Name: Due Date: Unit III: The Postclassical Period, 500-1450: New Faith and New Commerce & Chapter 6 Reading Guide The First Global Civilization: The Rise of Spread of Islam THE WORLD MAP CHANGES 1. The
More informationIslam. Islam-Its Origins. The Qur an. The Qur an. A.D. 570 Muhammad was born
Islam Islam is Arabic for surrender, or submission. Its full connotation is the peace that comes from surrendering one s life to God. Muslim means one who submits. 20% of the world s population Indonesia-88%
More informationWorld Religions Islam
World Religions Islam Ross Arnold, Summer 2015 World Religion Lectures August 21 Introduction: A Universal Human Experience August 28 Hinduism September 4 Judaism September 18 Religions of China & Japan
More information7th - EXAM - CHAPTER 3
Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Where is the Arabian Peninsula located? a. the northwest corner of Asia c. the northeast corner of Asia
More informationIntroduction to Islam. Wonders of Arabia Windstar Cruises Ross Arnold, Fall 2014
Introduction to Islam Wonders of Arabia Windstar Cruises Ross Arnold, Fall 2014 Father Abraham the world s first monotheist, and source of all three great monotheistic religions: Judaism, Christianity
More informationChapter 4: The Spread of Islam
Chapter 4: The Spread of Islam Objectives of this Unit: You will learn how Islam spread initially after Muhammad s death. You will learn how conquest and trade led to the spread of Islam, blending of cultures,
More informationAccomplishments of Islam. By: Kaddie Hanson, Arianna Ramirez, and Zandra Stewart
Accomplishments of Islam By: Kaddie Hanson, Arianna Ramirez, and Zandra Stewart The Golden Age of Islam The Abbasid caliphate from 7501258 CE Was known as the Golden Age because Muslim scholars developed
More informationThe Umayyads and Abbasids
The Umayyads and Abbasids The Umayyad Caliphate was founded in 661 by Mu awiya the governor or the Syrian province during Ali s reign. Mu awiya contested Ali s right to rule, arguing that Ali was elected
More informationChapter 9: Islam & the Arab Empire, Lesson 1: The First Muslims
Chapter 9: Islam & the Arab Empire, 600 1000 Lesson 1: The First Muslims World History Bell Ringer #39 11-28-17 Write down what you know about Islam in the lines provided below. It Matters Because Early
More informationIslam These are the faiths we ve learned:
Islam These are the faiths we ve learned: Judaism Christianity Hinduism Buddhism Old Testament (Torah) Old & New Test. (Bible) Vedas Yahweh (God) God Brahman Brahman Moses Jesus avatars (Vishnu) Buddha
More informationIslam. The Arabian Peninsula. "Islam (Mini Unit)." Learwood 7th Grade Social Studies. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 June 2014.
Islam Review of Monotheistic Religions You have previously learned about two major world religions, Judaism and Christianity. Both religions are monotheistic, meaning a belief in only one god. Judaism,
More informationQuestion of Periodization
Question of Periodization Periodization: AP World History is broken into six chronological periods of study. Period 3(Ch9-16): Regional and Transregional Interactions, c. 600CE to 1450 CE (20% of AP Exam)
More informationTeachings of Islam. 5 Pillars of Islam (cornerstone of religion)
Teachings of Islam 5 Pillars of Islam (cornerstone of religion) Shahada الش هادة Declaration of Faith Salah الصالة - Prayer Zakah الزكاة - Almsgiving Sawm الصوم Fasting (Ramadan) Hajj الحج - Pilgrimage
More informationSection 1. Objectives
Objectives Understand how Muhammad became the prophet of Islam. Describe the teachings of Islam. Explain how Islam helped shape the way of life of its believers. Terms and People Bedouins nomadic herders
More informationWhat are the five basic Pillars of Islam? : ; ;
JUDAISM MINI-QUIZ STUDY GUIDE The quiz will consist of approximately 20 short questions. Use the BBC Islam Guide as your resource. To be prepared, know the answers to the following. Questions are organized
More informationISLAM Festivities Ending Ramadan Microsoft Encarta 2006.
ISLAM Three of the great religions of the world have a number of things in common. These religions are one-god centered. They worship a personal God. Two of them, Christianity and Islam, stem from the
More informationYour Period 3 Maps are due NOW! Make sure your name is on the front page- submit it in the tray. This week s HW/Reading Schedule
Your Period 3 Maps are due NOW! Make sure your name is on the front page- submit it in the tray. This week s HW/Reading Schedule Tonight s HW: Intro to Period 4 (610-615), Ch. 13 pp. 617-626. Finish taking
More informationOverview of Islam. Today, Islam is the world s fastest growing religion with more than 1 billion followers throughout the world
Overview of Islam Today, Islam is the world s fastest growing religion with more than 1 billion followers throughout the world What was Arabia like before Muhammad? Arabia, the Birthplace of Islam The
More informationThe Umayyad Dynasty. Brett Coffman Liberty High School AP World History
The Umayyad Dynasty Brett Coffman Liberty High School AP World History The death of Muhammad Muhammad died in 632. Set off a problem that exists today the succession of the Islamic state Caliph Islamic
More informationUnit 3. World Religions
Unit 3 World Religions Growth of Islam uislam developed from a combination of ideas from the Greeks, Romans, Persians, Indians, and Byzantines to create its own specialized civilization. ØEarly in Islamic
More informationLesson 24 The Origins and Spread of Islam Setting the Stage - Islam in Medieval Times
Lesson 24 The Origins and Spread of Islam Setting the Stage - Islam in Medieval Times If you could zoom out a satellite picture of the Arabian Peninsula to see the surrounding land, you would find that
More informationWarm-Up: 10/2 Quotations from Holy Books
Warm-Up: 10/2 Quotations from Holy Books Each statement below comes from a Holy Book. Indicate whether you think the source of each statement is: (A)the Old Testament; (B)the New Testament; (C)the Qur
More informationIslam emerges on the scene
Graphic Organizer The prophet Muhammad gains followers as he shares the new religion. He becomes both a political and religious leader. Leaders who follow him were known as caliphs, and their kingdoms
More information