Section 3c - Pronouns - Possessive

Transcription

1 Section 3c - Possessive Pronouns Vocabulary Possessive Pronouns Section 3c - Pronouns - Possessive The Grammatical rules for indication of possession in pronouns are fairly complex, and require a referral to the previous sections explaining the difference in Singular and Plural forms of the Emphatic state of nouns. Exercises Answers Click Here for Printer-Friendly PDF File Return Aramaic Word Vocabulary Transliteration English Meaning 0mxr Rakh-ma Friend 0rhwn Nuh-ra Light Fwlc Slu-tha Prayer 0nplm Mal-pa-na Teacher Fwdx Kha-du-tha Joy 0nqrwp Pur-qa-na Salvation Fwbyt Tay-bu-tha Repentance 0m4 Shma Name Fmys Sim-tha Treasure Possessive Pronouns The indication of possession in Aramaic is specified by the addition of particular suffixes to the Emphatic state of nouns in both the singular and plural forms. The following tables will be referenced throughout this section: Table 1 Usage Singular Suffix Pronunciation Plural Suffix Pronunciation 3rd Masculine h -eh Jwh -hon 3rd Feminine h -ah Nyh -hen 2nd Masculine < -akh Jwk -kon 2nd Feminine Yk -kee Nyk -ken (1 of 6) [11/4/2000 8:46:18 PM]

2 1st Person Y -ee J -an Table 2 Usage Singular Suffix Pronunciation Plural Suffix Pronunciation 3rd Masculine Yhw -ohy Jwhy -ayhon 3rd Feminine hy -eeh Nyhy -ayhen 2nd Masculine Ky -aykh Jwky -aykon 2nd Feminine Yky -aykee Nyky -ayken 1st Person Y -ay Ny -ayn For the singular Emphatic, both masculine and feminine nouns/pronouns utilize the suffixes from Table 1. The final '-a' is dropped, and replaced with the suffix. For plural Emphatic, the masculine form utilizes Table 2, whereas the feminine form utilizes Table1. For the masculine, the entire '-eh' is dropped and replaced with the suffix. For the feminine, the final 'a' of '-ata' is dropped and replaced with the suffix. For the first example, we will use the singular and plural form of the Emphatic state of "House", Fyb (Baytha). The plural form is F^b (Batheh). This word is feminine in the singular yet masculine in the plural (one of the irregularities documented in the Emphatic section of this grammar.) Singular (suffixes from Table 1): htyb Bayth-eh His house Jwhtyb Bayth-hon Their (m) house htyb Bayth-ah Her house Nyhtyb Bayth-hen Their (f) house <tyb Bayth-akh Your (ms) house Jwktyb Bayth-kon Your (mp) house Yktyb Bayth-kee Your (fs) house Nyktyb Bayth-ken Your (fp) house Ytyb Bayth-ee My house Jtyb Bayth-an Our house (2 of 6) [11/4/2000 8:46:18 PM]

3 Plural (suffixes from Table 2): Yhwt^yb Bath-ohy His houses Jwhyt^yb Bath-ayhon Their (m) houses hyt^yb Bath-eeh Her houses Nyhyt^yb Bath-ayhen Their (f) houses Kyt^yb Bath-aykh Your (ms) houses Jwkyt^yb Bath-aykon Your (mp) houses Ykyt^yb Bath-aykee Your (fs) houses Nykyt^yb Bath-ayken Your (fp) houses Yt^yb Bath-ay My houses Nyt^yb Bath-ayn Our houses For the next example, we will use the singular and plural form of the Emphatic state of "Brother", 0x0 (Akha). The plural form is 0x^0 (Akheh). This word is masculine in both singular and plural forms of the Emphatic. Singular (suffixes from Table 1): hx0 Akh-eh His brother Jwhx0 Akh-hon Their (m) brother hx0 Akh-ah Her brother Nyhx0 Akh-hen Their (f) brother Kx0 Akh-akh Your (ms) brother Jwkx0 Akh-kon Your (mp) brother Ykx0 Akh-kee Your (fs) brother Nykx0 Akh-ken Your (fp) brother Yx0 Akh-ee My brother Nx0 Akh-an Our brother Plural (suffixes from Table 2): (3 of 6) [11/4/2000 8:46:18 PM]

4 Yhw^x0 Akh-ohy His brothers Jwhy^x0 Akh-ayhon Their (m) brothers hy^x0 Akh-eeh Her brothers Nyhy^x0 Akh-ayhen Their (f) brothers Ky^x0 Akh-aykh Your (ms) brothers Jwky^x0 Akh-aykon Your (mp) brothers Yky^x0 Akh-aykee Your (fs) brothers Nyky^x0 Akh-ayken Your (fp) brothers Y^x0 Akh-ay My brothers Ny^x0 Akh-ayn Our brothers For the final example, we will use the singular and plural form of the Emphatic state of "City", Fnydm (Mdintha). The plural form is Fn^ydm (Mdinatha). This word is feminine in both singular and plural forms of the Emphatic. Singular (suffixes from Table 1): htnydm Mdinth-eh His city Jwhtnydm Mdinth-hon Their (m) city htnydm Mdinth-ah Her city Nyhtnydm Mdinth-hen Their (f) city <tnydm Mdinth-akh Your (ms) city Jwktnydm Mdinth-kon Your (mp) city Yktnydm Mdinth-kee Your (fs) city Nyktnydm Mdinth-ken Your (fp) city Ytnydm Mdinth-ee My city Jtnydm Mdinth-an Our city Plural (again, suffixes are from Table 1): (4 of 6) [11/4/2000 8:46:18 PM]

5 htn^ydm Mdinath-eh His cities Jwhtn^ydm Mdinath-hon Their (m) cities htn^ydm Mdinath-ah Her cities Nyhtn^ydm Mdinath-hen Their (f) cities <tn^ydm Mdinath-akh Your (ms) cities Jwktn^ydm Mdinath-kon Your (mp) cities Yktn^ydm Mdinath-kee Your (fs) cities Nyktn^ydm Mdinath-ken Your (fp) cities Ytn^ydm Mdinath-ee My cities Jtn^ydm Mdinath-an Our cities Exercises: (A) Translate the following into English: (1) <t^wlc (2) Jwhtwdx (3) Yhwb0 (B) Translate the following into Aramaic: (1) Our friends (2) Their (f) names (3) Your (fs) teacher Answers (5 of 6) [11/4/2000 8:46:18 PM]

6 Exercise A: (1) Your prayers (Sluath-akh) (2) Their (m) joy (Khaduth-hon) (3) His father (Ab-ohy) Exercise B: (1) Nmxr (Rakhm-an) (2) Nyh^ym4 (Shm-ayhen) (3) Ykynplm (Malpan-aykee) (6 of 6) [11/4/2000 8:46:18 PM]