THE FIQH OF HAJJ ABDULLAH BIN HAMID LAMP POST PRODUCTIONS THE BOOK OF HAJJ

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1 کتابالحج THE BOOK OF HAJJ word Qasd - is -حجججج linguistically synonymous with the word Hajj - The.( Aim,intention )-قصد In the Shariahitappliestothewell-knownreligiouspilgrimagetoMeccaanditssurroundingprecincts,whichis tobecarriedoutbyamuslimatleastonceinhisorherlifetime. ح مالحج TheRulingofHajj ح مالحج Hajjisbindingwhenthefollowingconditionsarefulfilled.Thefirstsetofconditionsiscalled prerequisites :{شروطالوجوب} forbeinganobligation :{شروطالوجوب - Thatoneisafreeperson(i.e.non-slave) - Thatoneisatleastpubescent - Thatoneissane - AndthatonehasthecapacitytofulfilltheHajj.Thismeans, a. Thatthepathtakenissecureasnottoputtheperson slifeorpropertyindanger b. ThatonehassufficientmeanstoreachMecca c. ThatonehasthestrengthtoreachMeccaonfootorriding d. Andthatoneisphysicallyfittocompletetherites 1 {شروطالصحة} Thereisanothersetofconditionsknownas prerequisitesforthevalidity ForHajj,this.{شروطالصحة isonlyone: : - Islam 1 AllofthismeansthatHajjisnotcompulsoryforaslave,anon-pubescentchild,aninsaneperson,oronewhoisn t fullycapable.despitethat,thehajjofeachofthosementionedisconsideredtobevalid,buttheyaremerelygiventhe rewardofperformingavoluntaryactwiththeexceptionofthepersonwhoisphysicallyandextraneouslyincapableof carryingoutthehajj,aslongashisintentionistofulfillanobligationasopposedtoavoluntaryact. 1

2 ا رکانالحج TheCompulsoryActsofHajj ا رکانالحج TherearetwotypesofCompulsoryActsfortheHajjintheMalikiSchool: -1 ThecompulsoryActsthatare -الواجباتغيرالا رکان arenot notchiefelementsofthehajj -2 الواجباتالا رکان ThecompulsoryActsthatareChiefElementsoftheHajj -الواجبات Thedifferencebetweenthetwoisthatthefirsttypecanbecompensatedforifabandonedbysubstitutingit withananimalsacrifice 2,ifheorsheintentionallyandwillfullyabandonsanyoneofthem.However,if someone forgetfully abandons one or more of these types of compulsory acts or if abandoning it is the resultoffearingthatonewillmissthestandingin Arafah 3,onewillnotberequiredtosacrifice. As for the second type of prerequisites, the Hajj is rendered invalid as a result of any of them being relinquished.asacrificecannottaketheplaceofoneoftheseacts. Nowlet shaveacloserlookatthecompulsoryactsofhajj.first,we llhavealookatthecompulsoryacts thatarealsochiefelementsofthehajj. - TheCompulsoryActs-ChiefElements الواجباتالا رکان TheCompulsoryActs-ChiefElementsofHajjareasfollows: al )الا حرام al-ihram ihram) )- That is, making the intention to begin the Hajj and adorning ones self in the attireofthepilgrim al )السعي al-sa y sa y) ) Thatis,runningbetweenthetwohillsofSafaandMarwahseventimes. 4 هدي) ThesacrificialslaughteroftheHajjiscalled Hady 2. Thehadyisacamel,acow,orasheep.(هدي 3 Thepersonwhofearsmissingthestandingintheplainof Arafahbecauseheisperforminganotheractconnected مراهق) withthehajjiscalledamurahiq.(مراهق ا فعالالسعي TheActsofSa y 4 ا فعالالسعي (فروطاالسعي) TheConditionsofSa y.i II. 1. TheCompletionofSevencircuits 2. BeginningatSafa 3. PerformingTawafbeforeit (سننالسعي) TheSunnahsofSa y 2

3 .3 al )الوقوفبعرفةليلا al- arafah arafah) ) Beingpresentintheplainof Arafah(i.e.atsunset) 5 الا فاضة.4 tawaf )طواف al-ifadah ifadah) 6 -Thecircumambulationofissuance.Thiscircumambulationis performedoncethepilgrimhascarriedoutthemajorritesofthehajjandshavedorshortenedhis orherhair. III. 1. KissingtheBlackStoneafterperformingthe2unitsconnectedwithTawaf 2. AscendingthetopofSafaandMarwah 3. Joggingbetweenthetwogreenmountainsduringall7circuits 4. Supplication (مستحباتالسعي) TheFavorableActsofSa y 1. RitualPurity 2. Cleanliness 3. Coveringone snakedness 5 Thatis,tobepresentintheplainof ArafahatthetimeofsunsetisacompulsoryactandachiefelementoftheHajj. Asforbeingpresentintheplainbeforethen,itisalsocompulsory.Butitisnotachiefelement.Soonewouldbeable tocompensateforthisabandonmentbysacrificing. ا فعالالطواف TheActsofTawaf 6 ا فعالالطواف (واجباتالطواف) TheCompulsoryComponentsofTawaf.I II. 1. Ritualpurity 2. Cleanliness 3. Coveringone snakedness 4. Sevencompletecircuits 5. Continuitybetweenthecircuits 6. PerformingtawafinsidetheMosque 7. PerformingtawafbeyondtheShirdhawanandatleast6cubitsfromtheBlackStone 8. Performingtawafcounterclockwise (سننالطواف) TheSunnahsofTawaf 1. Performingtawafonfoot 2. KissingtheBlackStoneatthebeginningofthefirstcircuitandtouchingtheYamaniCornerduring thefirstcircuit 3. SupplicatingandsendingprayersontheProphet 4. Walkquicklyduringthetawafofarrival(formen) 3

4 - TheCompulsoryActsthatareNotChiefElements الواجباتغيرالا رکان Next,we llhavealookatthecompulsoryactsthatarenotconsideredtobechiefelements.remember thatslaughteringisthedispensationfortheabandonmentoftheseacts.theyareasfollows: tawafal )طوافالقدوم tawafal-qudum qudum) ) ThecircumambulationofarrivaltoMeccaafterenteringihram waslutawafal )وصلطوافالقدومبالسعي waslutawafal-qudumbial qudumbial-sa y sa y) ) Performingsa yimmediatelyaftertawaf al-qudum في الطواف.3 al )المشي al-mashyu fi al-tawaf tawaf) ) Performing sa y on foot as opposed to riding or being carriedifoneisable 7 towalk.4 )الرکعتانبعدالطواف al )الرکعتانبعدا al-rak ataneiba daal rak ataneiba daal-tawaf tawaf) ) Thetwounitsofprayerperformedaftermaking tawaf 8.5 al )النزولفيمزدلفة al-nuzulfimuzdalifah nuzulfimuzdalifah) ) SpendingthenightinMuzdalifahonthenightofthe10 th after Arafah.6 al )المبيتفيمنىثلاثليالبعدعرفة al-mabitfimina mabitfimina) ) Spendingthethreenightsafter ArafahinMinato stonethethreestonepillars(jimarpl.ofjamrah) من الميقات.7 al )الا حرام al-ihram min al-miqat miqat) ) Entering the state of ihram from the set points(almawaqit) 9 التجرد من مخيط الثياب.8 ( (al al-taj tajarrud arrud min makhit al-thiyab thiyab) Removing all knitted and sewn garments 10.9 al )التلبية al-talbiyah talbiyah) ) SayingtheTalbiyah 11 0 al )الحلاق al-hilaq hilaq) ) Shavingthehead 12 1 ramyal )رميالجمار ramyal-jimar Jimar) ) Stoningthethreestonepillars 13 7 Ifithappensthatsomeoneperformstawafridingabeastorbeingcarriedbysomeone,thetawafhastoberepeatedon footifonehasn tbegunthenextrite.ifonehasalreadybegunthenextrite,asacrificemustbedone. 8 Thisisfortawafal-qudumandtawafal-ifadah.Ifsomeoneabandonsthesetwounitsafterthetwotawafsandgetsfar frommecca,hemustsacrificeananimal. 9 Whoeverentersihramafterpassingthemiqatmustsacrifice. 10 Thisconditionisspecificforaman,notawoman. 11 Meaning,thatifonecompletelyabandonssayingthetalbiyahduringhisHajjor Umrah,abandonsitatthe beginningofhisihramuntilhemakestawafal-qudumorsaiditatthebeginningoftheihramandabandoneditforthe rest of the Hajj or Umrah, he must sacrifice. Ibn Arafah stated that this is the Mashhur(popular view), but the apparentunderstandingtakenfromsheikhkhalilisthatabandoningthetalbiyahdoesn trequireasacrifice. 12 Aman,whodoesn tshaveuntilhereturnstohiscountryorafteralongtimehaspassedaftercompletingalltherites ofhajj,mustsacrifice. 13 Apersonhasuntilnightfalloneachdayofstoningtostonethethreecolumns.Ifoneabandonsthestoninguntil nightfall,hemustsacrifice.thesameappliesifonedoesn tthrowtherequirednumberofstones. 4

5 ThereareothercompulsoryactsoftheHajjthatarenotchiefelements,whichwehavenotmentioned.But thesearethemostprominentofthem.while,imamal-hattabmentionedinhisbook,al-manaasik,more than40ofthem. المواقيت TheSetPointsoftheHajjRites المواقيت TheSetPointsofHajjareoftwotypes: al )الميقاتالم اني al-miqatal miqatal-makani makani) ) TheSetPointwithrelationtoplace al )الميقاتالزماني al-miqaatal miqaatal-zamani zamani) ) TheSetPointwithrelationtotime Asforthesetpointwithrelationtoplace,itcanbedefinedasthatpointfr thatpointfromwhichthepilgrimistobegin omwhichthepilgrimistobegin hishajj,whichisdonebymakinghisintentionandwearingtheattireofthepilgrim. The set point with relation to place differs according to the particular region of the world the pilgrim is comingfrom.thesetpointswithrelationtoplacearefiveinnumber: Dhual )ذوالحليفة Dhual-Hulayfah Hulayfah) ) Thefirstsetpointisknownas Dhual-Hulayfah. Thisisthepoint ofthepeopleofmedinaandanypilgrimwhopassesthroughmedinaevenifheisnotoneofits inhabitants. Al )الجحفة Al-Juhfah Juhfah) ) ThepointofthepeopleofEgyptandtheSham(i.e.Palestine,Jordan,Basra, andsyria)iscalled Al-Juhfah..3 ( DhatuQarn )ذاتقرن ) ThepointofthepeopleoftheNajdis DhatuQarn..4 ( Dhatu Irq )ذاتعرق ) ThesetpointforthepeopleofIraqis Dhatu Irq..5 Yalaml )يلملم Yalamlam am) ) ThesetpointforthepeopleofYemeniscalled Yalamlam. Asforthesetpointwithrelationtotime,itcanbedefinedasthatperiodwithinwhichitispossibleforone thatperiodwithinwhichitispossibleforone toenterthestateofihramforhajjandremaininituntilhecompletestheritesthereof. heritesthereof. 5

6 ThesetpointwithrelationtotimebeginsattheoutsetofthemonthofShauwal(afterRamadan),andends atdawnonthedayofsacrificeduringthemonthofdhual-hijjah(themonthofhajj). الا حراممنم ة IhramfromMecca الا حراممنم ة Ifsomeoneisapermanentortemporaryresident 14 ofmecca,itisrecommendedthatheenterthestateof ihramforhajjfromthesacredmosque. Ifthereistimeforthetemporaryresidenttogoouttohissetpoint(miqat),heshoulddosoifhecan. Whoeverentersihrambeforehisparticularsetpointhascommittedanoffenseandmustdoasacrifice. Andwhoever shomeisbetweenmeccaandthemiqat,hishomebecomeshismiqat. المقيم- Thetemporaryresident 14 istheonewhoatonetimeenjoyedthestatusofbeingatravelerasaresultofnot -المقيم beingsettledinaparticularplaceforatleast4days(or20prayers)ordidn thavetheintentionofbeingthereforsucha period. 6