Contents. PART 1: INTRODUCTION Part 2: Umrah Step By Step Part 3: Hajj Step by Step Part 4: Visiting al-madinah Part 5: Miscellaneous

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2 Contents NOTE: This presentation consists of 5 parts in 5 separate files. Part 1 is essential to understanding the Hajj and Umrah and should be viewed first. PART 1: INTRODUCTION Part 2: Umrah Step By Step Part 3: Hajj Step by Step Part 4: Visiting al-madinah Part 5: Miscellaneous

3 Contents of Part 1 Introduction Excellence of Hajj and al-hajj al-mabrur Preparation for Hajj - Aspects of Preparation - What to Take Hajj Packages - Dates & Time of Hajj - Hajj Packages: Makkah First vs. Madinah First Geography of Hajj & Umrah - Mawaqeet - Haram of Makkah

4 Contents of Part 1 Introduction Hajj & Umra Related Definitions Kinds of Hajj Hajj & Umra for Women (general principle) The Journey - Day of Departure - Arrival at Jeddah

5 Contents of Part 2 Umrah Step-by-Step UMRAH STEP-BY-STEP اإلإلحرام والتلبیة - Talbiyah - Ihram & الطواف Tawaf - السعي بین الصفا والمروة - Marwa - Sa y between Safa and الحلق أو التقصیر Cutting) - Halq or Taqseer (Shaving or Hair Stay in Makkah

6 Contents of Part 3 Hajj Step-by-Step HAJJ STEP BY STEP - Ihram - Mina (8 Dhul-Hijjah) - Arafah (9 Dhul-Hijjah) - Muzdalifah (9 Dhul-Hijjah night)

7 Contents of Part 3 Hajj Step-by-Step - Mina (10 Dhul-Hijjah) Ramy (Jamrat Al- Aqabah) NaHr (sacrifice) Halq (shave hair of the head) - Makkah (10 Dhul-Hijjah) Tawaf Al-IfaDah Sa y between Safa and Marwa - Mina (11, 12 and 13 Dhul-Hijjah) Ramy (throw pebbles at the 3 Jamarat) - Makkah (last day) Tawaf Al-Wada (Farewell Tawaf)

8 Contents of Part 4 Visiting Madinah VISITING MADINAH - Haram of Madinah - Merits of Madinah - Visiting the Prophet s Masjid - Visiting Masjid Quba - Visiting al-baqee graveyard

9 Contents of Part 5 Miscellaneous Makkah Mina Madinah Expansion Projects - The Haramain Railway - The Makkah Monorail Hajj Statistics

10 Excellence of Hajj The Prophet PBUH said: Umra is an expiation for the sins committed between it and the previous Umra; and the reward of Hajj Mabrur (i.e., one accepted) is nothing but Jannah. [Bukhari and Muslim] Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet PBUH said: Whoever performs hajj and does not commit any obscenity nor commit any evil, will return as sinless as a new-born child. [Bukhari and Muslim]

11 Excellence of Hajj The Prophet was asked: Which deed is the best? He replied: Faith in Allah and His Messenger. Then he was asked: What is next? He replied: Jihad (fighting) in the Cause of Allah. Then he was asked: What is after that? He replied: Hajj Mabrur. [Bukhari and Muslim] Aisha reported that she said: O Messenger of Allah! We consider jihad as the best deed. Should we not fight in Allah's Cause? He replied: For you (women) the best jihad: Hajj Mabrur. [Bukhari]

12 Excellence of Hajj Aisha reported, Allah's Messenger said: There is no day when Allah sets free more servants from Hell Fire than the Day of Arafah. He draws near, then praises them to the angels, saying: What do these seek? [Muslim] Abdullah reported that the Prophet said: Alternate between Hajj and Umrah, for these two remove poverty and obliterate sins just as the blacksmith's bellows removes all impurities from metals like iron, gold and silver. The reward for Hajj Mabrur is nothing short of Paradise. [Nasaee and Tirmidhee]

13 The Goal: Hajj Mabrur Hajj Mabrur (an accepted Hajj) is: A Hajj performed with the intention of seeking Allah's pleasure only (complete sincerity) A Hajj free of sin; i.e. conducted with full obedience to Allah A Hajj performed in accordance to the Sunnah of the Prophet A Hajj that is not followed by disobedience

14 The Goal: Hajj Mabrur Jabir narrated that the Prophet PBUH said: The Hajj Mabrur has no reward except Jannah. He was asked: What makes Hajj Mabrur? He said: Providing food (to people) and spreading good word. [Ahmad, Tabarani (hasan), Ibn Khuzayma (in his Sahih), al-bayhaqi, al- Hakim (Sahih)]

15 Preparation for Hajj Sincerity Repentance from all past sins Resolve outstanding differences and seek forgiveness from others Pay/record all debts Write/update your will Make sure the wealth to be used for Hajj is from Halal sources Choose the company of the righteous Learn as much as possible about Hajj and Umra - Fiqh and how to - Meanings, spiritual and historical aspects

16 Preparation for Hajj Memorize some Du a from Quran and Sunnah Learn how to pray Salat al-janaazah (funeral prayer) Learn the etiquette of visiting the graves Learn the rulings of Salat as-safar (traveler s prayer), and wiping over socks in Wudu Mental and physical preparation Medical checkup

17 Preparation for Hajj Being debt free is NOT a precondition for performing Hajj. But debt is a very serious matter that should not be taken lightly, especially when leaving for Hajj. Narrated Salama bin Al-Akwa: A dead person was brought to the Prophet (pbuh) so that he might lead the funeral prayer for him. He asked, "Is he in debt?" When the people replied in the negative, he led the funeral prayer. Another dead person was brought and he asked, "Is he in debt?" They said, "Yes." He (refused to lead the prayer and) said, "Lead the prayer of your friend." Abu Qatada said, "O Allah's Apostle! I undertake to pay his debt." Allah's Apostle then led his funeral prayer. [Al-Bukhari, Book #37, Hadith #492]

18 Preparation for Hajj Pay all your debts before going for Hajj, if possible. If you are not able to, make arrangements for their payment during your absence, or in the event of your death. Ensure that family members are aware of any outstanding debts. Write an Islamic Will and make sure all your debts are recorded therein.

19 Makkah Climate Because of its relatively low-lying location, Makkah sees seasonal flash floods despite the low amount of annual precipitation. There are less than 5 inches (130 mm) of rainfall during the year, mainly in the winter months. Temperatures are high throughout the year and in summer may reach 45 C.

20 Madinah Climate In general, Madinah s climate is continental; hot and dry in summer and cold to moderate in winter. Temperatures fall between degrees Celsius and sometimes fall below zero in winter. Relative humidity is about 35% throughout the year. Rain is rare and often falls between November and May. Wind movement is relatively calm in winter, while a Northerly, dusty wind is probable in summer.

21 What to take When packing things for Hajj, keep in mind: Stay light. Extra items you don't need will just increase the weight you will have to carry around. Take necessary items like your prescription medication. Choose compact and light items. The camping section is a good place to look in. Do not take valuables. You run the risk of loosing them, and it just adds to your worries. Most items are available in Makkah, Madinah and Jeddah, and usually more affordable. The advantage is that you will buy only things that you really need.

22 What to take All necessary documents. Prepare travel documents (passport, etc.) well in advance. Make 2 sets of photocopies. Leave one at home and keep one with someone traveling in your group. Medication; especially prescriptionmedication. Money (bills of $100 get you a better exchange rate). One credit card for emergencies (don t keep it with the money). A small book of authentic Du a. Hajj guide & checklists. Travel size toiletries, nail clipper, small scissors, comb, band-aids.

23 What to take Comfortable and modest clothes like Indo- Pak shalwar-qamees as well as the Saudi thoub (a one-piece head-to-toe garment) are ideal and are recommended for men. Women wear their normal comfortable clothes. Avoid nylon clothing as it tends to be uncomfortable in hot weather. Warm jacket, especially for Madinah at Fajr time. Slipper socks or rubber soled slippers: useful for Tawaf and Sa y, except Tawaf al- Qudoom (arrival) and its Sa y (for men) when you will be in a state of Ihram. Slippers/thongs/sandals/comfortable shoes.

24 What to take For Men during Ihram: It is highly recommended to also bring: Vaseline (petroleum jelly) Travel belt / Bum bag. Large safety pins (for the ihram towels)

25 What to take You may want to bring: MP3 Player for Quran Ear Plugs and Eye Covers during your flight Travel Pillow during your flight Coloured Packing Tape Face Masks Handy Draw-String back pack for your shoes. Small Draw-String bags for pebbles

26 What to take Cell phones can make communication much easier while in Makkah/Madinah/Mina, especially if traveling with relatives. Cell phone requirements: - GSM - SIM-Unlocked - Multi-band (tri-band or quad-band) that includes the 900 MHz band. Currently, this is the only frequency working in Saudi Arabia. You buy SIM cards (Saudi Telecom, Mobily, Zain, Sawa) from Saudi Arabia. Never buy anything from the airport workers though. Buy your SIM Card from either a mobile handset seller or from some pharmacies or money exchangers.

27 What to take A LOT OF PATIENCE! And keep most of it towards the end. That's when you will need it most. Do not get angry. You will see a lot of irritating and misguided behaviour. Try to change it with wisdom and nice words if you can control yourself; otherwise keep silent. Ask Allah to give you patience. Be positive. Hope for the best, but be prepared for the worst. Have only one concern:

28 HAJJ PACKAGES

29 Months & Days of Hajj Islamic Lunar Months of the Year 1. Muharram 2. Safar 3. Rabee al Awwal 4. Rabee Ath-Thaani 5. Jumada Al-Ula 6. Jumada Ath-Thaani 7. Rajab 8. Shabaan 9. Ramadan 10. Shawwal* 11. Dhul-Qedah* 12. Dhul-Hijjah* *Months of Hajj All in the 12 th Month, Dhul-Hijjah: 8 th Dhul-Hijjah: Day of Tarwiyah 9 th Dhul-Hijjah: Day of Arafah 10 th Dhul-Hijjah: Day of Nahr (Eid al-adha) 11 th Dhul-Hijjah: 1 st Day of Tashreeq* 12 th Dhul-Hijjah: 2 nd Day of Tashreeq* 13 th Dhul-Hijjah: 3 rd Day of Tashreeq* *Days of Tashreeq Days of Hajj

30 Hajj Packages Most Hajj packages consist of 3 periods: - Stay in Makkah - Stay in Madinah - Hajj days: 8th 13th of Dhul-Hijjah Your Hajj package will be a combination of those 3 periods depending on the chronological order. Makkah gets very crowded the week before the Hajj days, i.e. 1st to 7th of Dhul-Hijjah, while Madinah gets less busy. Fasting, whether in Makkah or Madinah, during the first days of Dhul-Hijjah is recommended; but not during the days of Hajj, because of the physical effort required during those days.

31 Hajj Packages If Makkah is your first stop, then you assume Ihram for Umra before landing in Jeddah. Jeddah is beyond the Meeqat. Make the Niyah and say Talbiyah when Meeqat is announced during the flight, approximately minutes before landing in Jeddah. You need to have a pair of Ihram towels with you for your Umra before travel. You can buy a second one for your Hajj from Makkah or Madinah, or wash and reuse the ones you used for Umra. Make sure you keep the Ihram towels in your handbag. Do not put them in your luggage. Put on Ihram towels in the airport at the last stop of your trip before boarding your flight to Jeddah. It s extremely difficult to put on Ihram towels in the airplane.

32 Hajj Packages If Madinah is your first stop, then you do not need to assume Ihram on your way to Madinah. You can buy Ihram towels from Madinah. Your Meeqat for Umra is Dhul-Hulayfah (Abyar 'Ali). If you leave Madinah on the 7th or the 8th of Dhul-Hijjah, then it may be difficult to do a Umra before Hajj. A few slides at the end of the Hajj procedure will explain how one can change his/her Niyah and show a number of possible scenarios

33 Leaving Madinah A newly enforced policy from the Ministry of Hajj would require all pilgrims to leave Madinah by the 5th of Dhul-Hijjah. If Madinah was your first stop then you will assume Ihram for Umra that you perform upon arrival to Makkah. On the 8th of Dhul-Hijjah you assume Ihram for Hajj from your place in Makkah (or Aziziyah). If Makkah was your first stop and you already performed a Umra then you have the following options: Assume Ihram for Hajj from Dhul-Hulayfah. However, in this case you will be in a state of Ihram for a longer time, which may involve some hardship for some people. Alternatively, Assume Ihram for a second Umra that you complete upon arrival to Makkah, and then assume Ihram for Hajj on the 8th from your place.

34 WHERE IS IT LOCATED?

35 Mawaqeet Mawaqeet is the plural of Meeqat the geographical boundary that a person intending Hajj or Umra may not cross without assuming Ihram for Hajj or Umra, or both. A Muslim intending Hajj or Umra who crosses the Meeqat without Ihram must return to the Meeqat and make Ihram from there. If he/she does not return and make Ihram from the Meeqat, then he/she must offer an animal sacrifice (Fidya).

36 Mawaqeet Narrated Ibn Abbas: Allah's Apostle made Dhu-l Hulayfa as the Meeqat for the people of Madinah; Al-Juhfa for the people of Sham; Qarn al-manazil for the people of Najd; and Yalamlam for the people of Yemen; and these Mawaqeet are for the people at those very places, and besides them for those who come through those places with the intention of performing Hajj and Umra; and whoever is living within these boundaries can assume lhram from the place he starts, and the people of Makkah can assume Ihram from Makkah. [Bukhari & Muslim]

37 Mawaqeet Abu Zubair heard Jabir b. 'Abdullah saying: I heard (and I think he carried it directly to the Messenger of Allah) him saying: For thepeople of Medina Dhu'l-Hulaifa is the place for entering upon the state of Ihram, and for (the people coming through the other way, i. e. Syria) it is Juhfa; for the people of Iraq it is Dhatu 'Irq; for the people of Najd it is Qarn (al-manazil) and for the people of Yemen it is Yalamlam. [Muslim] Narrated Ibn 'Umar: When these two towns (Basra and Kufa) were opened, the people wentto 'Umar and said: O Chief of the faithful believers! The Prophet fixed Qarn as the Meeqat for the people of Najd, it is beyond our way and it is difficult for us to pass through it. He said: Take as your Meeqat a place situated opposite to Qarn on your usual way. So, he fixed Dhatu 'Irq (as their Meeqat). [Bukhari]

38 Mawaqeet

39 Haram of Makkah The Haram of Makkah is the sanctified area surrounding Makkah. It was delimited by Ibraheem under the guidance of Jibreel. After FatH Makkah (the opening of Makkah), Prophet Muhammad sent Tameem Ibn Asd al-khuza'ee to renew the boundaries of the Haram. Flags have been put on the mountains and hills to indicate the limits of the Haram. The number of flags reached 943 at some point, but most of them are ruined. Area of the Haram = 212 mi2 (550 Km2) Perimeter of the Haram = 79 mi (127 Km)

40 Haram of Makkah

41 Limits of Haram of Makkah Tan eem: 4.6 Miles North Nakhlah: 8 Miles N.E Hudaybiyah: 13.5 Miles West Adhah Libn: 10 Miles S Arafah: 13.5 Miles E Ji ranah: 13.5 Miles N.E

42 Haram Boundary

43 The Haram is Sanctified "Surely (as for) those who disbelieve, and hinder (men) from Allah's way and from the Sacred Mosque which We have made equally for all men, (for) the dweller therein and (for) the visitor, and whoever shall incline therein to wrong unjustly, We will make him taste of a painful chastisement. [Surat al-hajj, 25]

44 Restrictions During your stay in Makkah, restrictions to certain actions apply: Its plants must not be cut, Its game must not be frightened, Articles lost in it must not be picked up except by someone making announcement to find the owner, Nor is any man to bear arms for fighting in it. Note: the above is part of a Hadith of the Prophet These restrictions apply to the haram of Madinah as well. They apply to everyone whether in a state of Ihram or not, during any time of the year.

45 Mawaqeet & Haram of Makkah

46 DEFINITIONS

47 Some Definitions Pillar a compulsory act of Hajj, such as the standing in Arafah, the lack of which invalidates the Hajj. Obligatory Act an obligatory act of Hajj, such as stoning of the Jamarat, which if missed for any reason, then a Fidya (animal sacrifice) becomes incumbent for compensation. Sunnah: desirable act of Hajj other than a Pillar or an Obligatory Act. Manasik plural of mansak a ritual of Hajj or Umra. Prohibitions of Ihram all acts a person in a state of Ihram is prohibited from doing. Fidya compensatory act for missing an obligatory act (Wajib) or violating a restriction of Ihram. Fidya is the fasting of three days, feeding of six needy people or an animal sacrifice. Missing a Wajib requires an animal sacrifice. Hady animal sacrifice for performing Tamattu or Qiran.

48 KINDS OF HAJJ

49 Kinds of Hajj Tamattu - Umra then Hajj during the months of Hajj - Pilgrim called Mutamatti - Requires Hady (animal sacrifice) Qiran - Combined Umra and Hajj during the months of Hajj - Pilgrim called Qaarin - Requires Hady (animal sacrifice) Ifrad - Hajj only during the months of Hajj - Pilgrim called Mufrid - Does not require Hady The Prophet asked his companions to do Tamattu, even though he did Qiran because he brought the Hady (animal for sacrifice) with him.

50 HAJJ FOR WOMEN

51 Hajj for Women Narrated Jabir: Aisha accompanied him (i.e. the Prophet) to Makkah while she got her menses. The Prophet commanded her to perform all the Manasik except Tawaf and Salat until she gets clean [Bukhari]

52 THE JOURNEY

53 Day of Departure Double check necessary items to take. Use a checklist. - Passport. Put a distinctive mark (like a bright tape on the side) on your passport. - Vaccination record. This is usually stapled to your passport. - Money / credit card. - Phone numbers and addresses (of your Hajj operator, hotels in Makkah, Madinah, and Jeddah). Leave early for the airport as some airlines tend to overbook during the Hajj season. Pray two Rak'at at home before you leave. Recite Du'a for travel once you get in the car

54 Dua for Travel Allah is the greatest, Allah is the greatest, Allah is the greatest, How perfect He is, The One Who has placed this (transport) at our service, and we ourselves would not have been capable of that, and to our Lord is our final destiny. O Allah, we ask You for birr and taqwaa in this journey of ours, and we ask You for deeds which please You. O Allah, facilitate our journey and let us cover its distance quickly. O Allah, You are The Companion on the journey and The Successor over the family, O Allah, I take refuge with You from the difficulties of travel, from having a change of hearts and being in a bad predicament, and I take refuge in You from an ill fated outcome with wealth and family. [Narrated by Imam Muslim]

55 Arrival to Jeddah You will have assumed Ihram before arriving at Jeddah if Makkah is your destination. First you go through the Customs/Immigration, and then wait for a bus (of the Hajj Ministry Transportation Service) to take you to Makkah. Perform your Salat on time and with the Jama'ah. Jeddah will be a first test for your patience. The wait time in the Hajj Terminal can be 2 to 12 hours or even more. Show patience and be nice to the staff. This is a good opportunity to get to know some people in your group.

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