144 INDEX. Bülent Ecevit, 39 Bush administration, 10 12, 17, 18, 20, 22, 46

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1 INDEX A Abdal Majid al Zindani, 62 Abdel Fatah Al Sisi, 126 Abdullah Bishara, 20 Abdullah Gül, 53, 64, 65, 70, 94 Abdullah, King of Jordan, 53 Abdullah, King of Saudi Arabia, 102 Abdullah Ocalan, 37 9, 71n4 Abu l Ala Mawdudi, 61 Adawiyya Massacre, 128 Adly Mansour, 125, 126 African Union, 22 Ahmed Shafik, 98 Ahmed Yassin, 68 Ahmet Davutoğlu, 60, 76n84, 87, 91, 114n16, 114n17, 123, 134n1, 134n2 Ali Abdallah Saleh, 89, 90 Ali Al Qaradaghi, 65 Ali Khamenei, 26 7 Ali Larijani, 51 Al Jazeera, 42, 59, 60, 72n17, 72n18, 76n78, 76n83, 77n86, 77n87, 84 6, 89, 90, 113n5, 113n7, 114n8, 114n12 114n14, 115n30, 115n31, 118n63, 118n74, 119n80, 126, 135n11 Al Nahda, Tunisia, 95, 99 Al Qaddafi International Prize for Human Rights, 54 al Qaeda, 7 10, 12, 21, 25, 26, 90, 108, 121n104, 132 Angela Merkel, 84 Anti-Defamation League, 55 Arab League, 38, 67, 89, 91, 103 Arab Spring, 4 6, 6n1, 6n4, 28, 31n36, 74n45, Axis of Evil, 11, 17, 18 B Bani Tamim, 111 Barack Obama, 28, 102, 132 Bashar Al Assad, 22, 28, 105 Bekir Bozdağ, 129 Broader Middle East and North Africa Partnership Initiative (BMENA), 10, 46, 47 Brookings, 49, 69 Bülent Arınç, 64 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 B. Başkan, Turkey and Qatar in the Tangled Geopolitics of the Middle East, DOI /

2 144 INDEX Bülent Ecevit, 39 Bush administration, 10 12, 17, 18, 20, 22, 46 C Colin Powell, 9 Condoleezza Rice, 11, 13n11 Council on Foreign Relations, 26 Foundation of Turkey Voluntary Organizations (TGTV), 63, 64, 77n95 Freedom Agenda, 12, 21 Freedom and Justice Party (FJP), 95, 98, 99, 110 Free Syrian Army (FSA), 90, 91, 93, 129 FSA. See Free Syrian Army (FSA) D democracy promotion, 13n15, 21, 30n25, 30n27, 31n36. See also Freedom Agenda Dhahi Khalfan, 110, 121n110 Doha Agreement, 57 E ECFR. See European Council of Fatwa and Research (ECFR) Education City, 43, 59 Ehud Barak, 41 EU. See European Union (EU) European Council of Fatwa and Research (ECFR), 64 European Union (EU), 37, 46, 47, 50 2, 93, 112 F Fatah, 57, 66, 106, 126 Federation of Islamic Organizations in Europe (FIOE), 62 4 FIOE. See Federation of Islamic Organizations in Europe (FIOE) First Gulf War, 37, 40 FJP. See Freedom and Justice Party (FJP) Foundation of Human Rights and Freedoms (IHH), 64, 70 G Gaza, 55, 56, 66 8, 70, 77n99, 92, 101, 105, 106, 118n71, 119n76, 131, 137n28 GCC. See Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) George W. Bush, 7 11, 12n8, 13n12, 22, 23, 47, 48, 74n42, 114n15 Gezi Park/ Gezi Protests, 130, 131 Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), 18, 20, 27, 30n20, 39, 40, 51, 54, 67, 74n54, 74n55, 89, 127, 129, 130, 133, 136n21 Gulf Security, 5, 6, 20, 29n19, 110, 114n15, 139 Gulf Security Dialogue, 20, 29n19 H Hafez al Assad, 22 Hamad bin Jassim Al Thani, 48 Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, 40, 48 Hamas, 3, 18, 19, 28, 35, 56, 57, 64, 66 71, 78n105, 78n108, 78n111, 79n117, 90, 92, 93, 102, 105, 106, 112, 116n38, 116n39, 120n97, 120n99, 120n100, 131, 132 Hasan al Banna, 57, 61, 66, 98 Hasan al Turabi, 60, 62 Hasan Nasrallah, 19

3 INDEX 145 Hashemi Rafsanjani, 27 Hawar Islands, 41 Hezbollah, 19, 28, 57, 68, 92, 93 Hikmet, 64 Hosni Mubarak, 16, 85, 86, 102, 103 Houthi/Houthis, 16, 28, 57, 131 4, 141 Hussein, King of Jordan, 68 I Ibrahim Ghousheh, 69 Ibrahim Kalın, 127 IHH. See Foundation of Human Rights and Freedoms (IHH) Imad al Alami, 92 IMF. See International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Monetary Fund (IMF), 103, 125 International Union of Muslim Scholars (IUMS), 64, 65 Iranian Revolution, 16, 26 Iraq s Invasion of Kuwait, 24, 27, 48, 62, 108, 139 Islah Society, the UAE, 110 Islamic Community Milli Görüş, 63 Islamic Quartet, 104, 120n90 Islamic Society of Germany, 63 Islamic State in Iraq and Damascus (ISID)/Islamic State in Iraq and Levant (ISIL), or Islamic State (IS), 132, 137n32, 141 Islamic World, 9, 53, 55, 63, 65, 92, 114n15, 115n23, 129 Ismail Haniya, 92 Issam al Bashir, 65 Istanbul Initiative, 53 IUMS. See International Union of Muslim Scholars (IUMS) Iyad Allawi, 53 Izz al Din Ibrahim, 59 J Jabhat al Nusra, 90 Jacques Chirac, 19 Jamal Abdal Nasser, 95 Jassim Sultan, 58 JDP. See Justice and Development Party (JDP) Jihad, Holy War, 108 John Kerry, 69 Justice and Development Party (JDP), 36, 37, 39, 45, 46, 51, 52, 55, 60, 61, 63 5, 69, 70, 85, 95, 114n16, 123, 129 K Khairat al-shatir, 96, 97, 117n53 Khaled Meshaal, 68 King Faisal International Prize for Service to Islam, 53, 54 Kurdish Separatism/Kurdish Separationism, 36, 37, 39 M Mahmoud Ahmedinejad, 18, 19, 51, 54, 104 Mahmoud al Zahar, 106 Mamoun Al Hudaibi, 62 Mavi Marmara, 55, 65, 70 MB. See Muslim Brotherhood/ the Brotherhood (MB) Mehmed Zahid Kotku, 61 MEPI. See Middle East Partnership Initiative (MEPI) Middle East, 4 6, 8 12, 12n7, 13n15 Middle East Partnership Initiative (MEPI), 9, 10, 12n7 Moammer Qaddafi, 22 Mohammed Bouazizi, 84 Mohammed ibn Abdal Wahhab, 111, 121n113

4 146 INDEX Muhammed Khatami, 27, 38, 41 Muhammed Mehdi Akef, 62 Moussa Abu Marzouk, 92 Moza bint Nasser, 44, 73n29 Muhammed Abdal Rahman Khalifa, 61, 121n113 Muhammed Morsi, 3 5, 83, 98, 101, 112, 113, 118n66, 120n96, 131, 140 Muhammed Qutb, 61 Muslim Brotherhood Crescent, 105, 106, 121n101, 124, 140 Muslim Brotherhood/ the Brotherhood (MB), 3, 5, 64, 75n72, 76n77, 77n90, 77n94, 77n99, , 109, 111, 117n49, 117n50, 117n60, 121n101, 121n108, 121n112, 124, 140 Muslim World League, 107 Mustafa Mashour, 62 N Nabil Al Arabi, 104 National Order Party, 36 National Salvation Party, 36 National Transitional Council, Libya, 89 NATO, 47, 53, 69, 74n52, 89, 115n24, 115n26 Nayif bin Abdal Aziz al Saud, 109 Necmettin Erbakan, 36, 61, 63, 64, 69 New Cold War in the Middle East, 51 9/11 attacks, 5 12, 15, 36 Non-Aligned Movement, 104 Nouri Maliki, 28 Nuclear Fuel Swap Deal, 52 Nuclear Program (of Iran), 12, 19, 20, 30n23, 75n70, 141 Nureddin Şirin, 61 O OIC. See Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC), 104, 105 Osama bin Laden, 8, 25, 108 Oslo Accords, 66, 67 Outstanding Personality in the Islamic World Award, 55 P Palestine Issue/Palestine-Israel Conflict, 18, 69, 70 Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO), 37, 67 Palestinian National Authority, 78 Pan-Arabism, 107 Paul Wolfowitz, 47 Persian/Arab Gulf or the Gulf, 5, 6, 13n10, 16, 18 20, 23 7, 29n10, 29n11, 30n20, 31n41, 31n45, 31n46, 53, 67, 72n11, 84, 86, 93, 94, 114n115, PKK, 7, 38, 39, 52, 71n4, 71n5 Platform of Common Wisdom, 63, 64, 77n95 Political Islam, 36, 39, 45, 61, 69, 71, 77n88, 78n109, 99 Q Qatar Foundation, 43, 44, 49 Qatar Investment Authority (QIA), 50 R Raed Saleh, 70 RAND, 25, 29n13, 29n16, 49 Rashid Ghannoushi, 60, 62 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, 3, 45, 53, 60, 64, 65, 73n34, 112, 136n20

5 INDEX 147 Republican People s Party (RPP), 39 Ruhullah Khomeini, 26 S Saad Hariri, 53 Saddam Hussein, 10, 16, 19 Sahwa/Sahwis, 107, 108 Saud Al Faisal, 16, 20, 133 Saudi-Iran Rivalry, 5, 26 8, 51 4, 57 Shia Crescent, 28n5 Shia Revival, 17, 29n8 Shia/Shias/Shi ites, 16, 17, 19, 21, 26, 28, 28n5, 29n7, 29n8, 30n28, 88, 115n21 Shimon Peres, 41, 54, 55 Soft power, 42, 50, 75n68, 78n113 State Branding, 44, 58, 72n24 Sykes-Picot, 124 Syrian Accountability and Lebanese Sovereignty Restoration Act, 22 Syrian National Council, 91 T Taksim, 130 Taliban, 8, 12, 16, 18, 38, 48, 108 Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, 3 Tariq al Suwaidan, 65 TGTV. See Foundation of Turkey Voluntary Organizations (TGTV) Theodore Herzl, 69 Tim Sebastian, 56 Tom Lantos, 22 TSK. See Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) Turkey-GCC High Level Strategic Dialogue, 130 Turkey-Iran High Level Strategic Cooperation Council, 141 Turki al Faisal, 20, 133 Turkish Armed Forces (TSK), 36, 45, 71n6 Tzipi Livni, 55 U Union of NGOs of the Islamic World (UNIW), 63, 64 Union of the Good, 70 UNIW. See Union of NGOs of the Islamic World (UNIW) UN Millennium Summit, 41 UN Security Council, 19, 55, 66, 89, 130 W Wadah Khanfar, 60, 76n84, 77n88 Wahhabism, 40, 111 War on Terror, 8, 9, 18, 31n43 Welfare Party, 36, 62, 64, 69 World Assembly of Muslim Youth, 107 World Economic Forum, 54 Y Yasser Arafat, 66 Yitzhak Rabin, 66 Yusuf al Qaradawi, 58, 59, 64, 65, 71, 76n74 Z Zein el Abidine bin Ali, 84