REVEREND HENRY WHITNEY BELLOWS NARRATIVE HISTORY AMOUNTS TO FABULATION, THE REAL STUFF BEING MERE CHRONOLOGY

Transcription

1 REVEREND NARRATIVE HISTORY AMOUNTS TO FABULATION, THE REAL STUFF BEING MERE CHRONOLOGY Stack of the Artist of Kouroo Project Henry Whitney Bellows

2 REVEREND 1655 May 9, Wednesday (Old Style): In Concord, John Bellows got married with Mary Wood of Marlborough MA. This couple would produce, as their final child, born probably during 1678 or 1679 at Marlborough MA after the return of the exiles from a safer residence at Concord during King Phillip s War, the Benjamin Bellows of Lancaster who would father the Benjamin Bellows who would found Walpole, New Hampshire.

3 REVEREND 1736 The town that is known to us as Walpole in New Hampshire was created by Colonial Governor Jonathan Belcher of the Massachusetts Bay Colony as merely Number 3, the 3d of a line of fort towns along the Connecticut River. It would long be known either as Great Falls or as Lunenburg. It would be Colonel Benjamin Bellows, for whom Bellows Falls, Vermont is named, who would erect the fort that would defend the local white settlers against native attack. When New Hampshire would separate itself from the Massachusetts colony, the town would be regranted by Governor Benning Wentworth under the name Bellowstown, in honor of this Colonel Benjamin Bellows.

4 REVEREND 1777 September 21, Sunday: Colonel Benjamin Bellows s Regiment of Militia (AKA 16th New Hampshire Militia Regiment) was called up at Walpole, New Hampshire as reinforcements for the Continental Army during the Saratoga Campaign. The regiment would join the forces of General Horatio Gates and face off against the British army under General John Burgoyne in northern New York. (The 16th New Hampshire would then serve in General William Whipple s brigade until, just after the surrender and grounding of arms of Burgoyne s army was witnessed by two Americans on October 27, 1777, it would disband.)

5 REVEREND 1802 Locks were installed to carry flat-bottom boats around Bellows Falls on the Connecticut River in Vermont.

6 REVEREND June 11, Saturday: General Smith s light brigade, Forsyth s regiment of riflemen, and two companies of artillery camped near the mouth of Dead Creek. Henry Whitney Bellows was born in Boston NOBODY COULD GUESS WHAT WOULD HAPPEN NEXT Henry Whitney Bellows Stack of the Artist of Kouroo Project

7 REVEREND 1831 Construction, in Walpole, New Hampshire, of the Walpole Academy.

8 REVEREND 1832 Cornelius Conway Felton became Harvard College s professor of Greek. Henry Whitney Bellows graduated. He would go on into the Divinity School. At the Divinity School, the following gentlemen were completing their studies: John Quimby Day Joseph Angier Charles Babbidge Reuben Bates of Concord Curtis Cutler Charles Andrews Farley Rufus A. Johnson Henry A. Miles (A.B. Brown University) Andrew Preston Peabody John Davis Sweet (A.B. Brown University) Josiah Kendall Waite Horatio Wood NEW HARVARD MEN JOHN G. PALFREY THEOLOGY SCHOOLS LIFE IS LIVED FORWARD BUT UNDERSTOOD BACKWARD? NO, THAT S GIVING TOO MUCH TO THE HISTORIAN S STORIES. LIFE ISN T TO BE UNDERSTOOD EITHER FORWARD OR BACKWARD. Stack of the Artist of Kouroo Project Henry Whitney Bellows

9 REVEREND 1837 July 19, Wednesday: At Harvard College, for David Henry Thoreau, Senior vacation began. Although I do not know for sure, I speculate that this day would have been also the point at which, or close to the point at which, Henry Whitney Bellows left the Harvard Divinity School to take up a 1st (shortlived) pastorate, at Mobile, Alabama. Friend Stephen Wanton Gould wrote in his journal: 4 day 19th of 7th M 1837 / Rode with my Wife to Portsmouth & attended their Week day Meeting & Preparative Meeting & also the Select Meeting held afterwards Dined at Benj Freeborn after which with Hannah Almy & Henry Gould We went as a committee from the Moy [Monthly] Meeting to Visit Eliza Buffington who has left the Society & goes to the Church of England thus having forsaken the substance & embraced the cumberous forms & ceremonies of that Denomination We endeavoured to lay a few things before her for her serious consideration & were favoured to do it to our satisfaction & it did not seem as if the course we persued gave her any offence. - but at best it was a time of much dryness, & but little openess, tho at parting she told us she loved us all I was one of the comittee who visited her on her request to be admitted into membership & remember then that it was a low time with us tho she then appeard to be convinced of the principles of friends & seemed to be an improving & exercised young Woman & I very much doubt whether she is now thoroughly satisfied with the course she has taken RELIGIOUS SOCIETY OF FRIENDS DO I HAVE YOUR ATTENTION? GOOD. Henry Whitney Bellows Stack of the Artist of Kouroo Project

10 REVEREND 1839 The Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows was accepted as the pastor of the First Congregational (Unitarian) church in New-York (afterward All Souls church). CHANGE IS ETERNITY, STASIS A FIGMENT Henry Whitney Bellows Stack of the Artist of Kouroo Project

11 REVEREND 1846 The Reverend Edward Everett Hale would be the Unitarian minister of the Church of the Unity in Worcester until 1856 (at which point he would become minister of the South Congregational Church in Boston). The Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows began to edit The Christian Inquirer, a Unitarian weekly paper (he would also edit, for a time, The Christian Examiner). THE FUTURE IS MOST READILY PREDICTED IN RETROSPECT Stack of the Artist of Kouroo Project Henry Whitney Bellows

12 REVEREND 1854 October 11, Wednesday: In Walpole, New Hampshire, the Unitarian Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows dedicated a

13 REVEREND monument in honor of founding father Colonel Benjamin Bellows. COL. BENJ. BELLOWS

14 REVEREND The medallion on the west side: The medallion on the east side: WHAT I M WRITING IS TRUE BUT NEVER MIND YOU CAN ALWAYS LIE TO YOURSELF Henry Whitney Bellows Stack of the Artist of Kouroo Project

15 REVEREND 1855 The Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows s HISTORICAL SKETCH OF COL. BENJAMIN BELLOWS, FOUNDER OF WALPOLE: AN ADDRESS, ON OCCASION OF THE GATHERING OF HIS DESCENDANTS TO THE CONSECRATION OF

16 REVEREND HIS MONUMENT AT WALPOLE, N.H., OCT. 11, 1854 (New York: J.A. Gray). COL. BENJ. BELLOWS

17 REVEREND In New-York, construction was completed on the Reverend s Unitarian church, known as All Souls. The structure would soon become familiar among wags of the era as The Church of the Holy Zebra. THE FUTURE CAN BE EASILY PREDICTED IN RETROSPECT Stack of the Artist of Kouroo Project Henry Whitney Bellows

18 REVEREND 1856 May 20, Tuesday: In Walpole, New Hampshire, Bronson Alcott wrote in his journal: Plant peas, corn, cucumbers, and melons in my little garden plot. Human life is a very simple matter. Breath, bread, health, a hearthstone, a fountain, fruits, a few garden seeds and room to plant them in, a wife and children, a friend or two of either sex, conversation, neighbours, and a task life-long given from within these are contentment and a great estate. On these gifts follow all others, all graces dance attendance, all beauties, beatitudes, mortals can desire and know. In Concord, Massachusetts, Henry Thoreau wrote in his journal: THE ALCOTT FAMILY May 20: See and hear a stake-driver in the swamp. It took one short pull at its pump and stopped. Two marsh hawks [Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus], male and female, flew about me a long time, screaming, the female largest with ragged wings, as I stood on the neck of the peninsula. This induced me to climb four pines but I tore my clothes, got pitched all over, and found only squirrel; yet they have, no doubt, a nest thereabouts. September 1, Monday: William Ellerton Alger was born at Boston. Henry Thoreau wrote to Bronson Alcott in Walpole, New Hampshire. Concord Sep 1 st 56 Mr Alcott, I remember that in the spring you invited me to visit you. I feel inclined to spend a day or two with you and on your hills at this season, returning perhaps by way of Brattleboro. What if I should take the cars for Walpole next Friday morning? Are you at home? and will it be convenient and agreeable to you to see me then? I will await an answer. I am but poor company, and it will not be worth the while for you to put yourself out on my account; yet from time to time I have some thoughts which would be the better for an airing. I also wish to get some hints from September on the Connecticut to help me understand that season on the Concord; to snuff the musty fragrance of the decaying year in the primitive woods. There is considerable cellar room in my nature for such stores, a whole row of bins waiting to be filled before I can celebrate my Thanksgiving. Mould is the richest of soils, yet I am not mould. It will always be found that one flourishing institution exists & battens on another mouldering one.

19 REVEREND The Present itself is parasitic to this extent. Your fellow traveller Henry D. Thoreau Lemuel Shaw, Herman Melville s father-in-law, wrote to his son Samuel that: I suppose you have been informed by some of the family, how very ill, Herman has been. It is manifest to me from Elizabeth s letters, that she has felt great anxiety about him. When he is deeply engaged in one of his literary works, he confines him[self] to hard study many hours in the day, with little or no exercise, & this specially in winter for a great many days together. He probably thus overworks himself & brings on severe nervous affections. He has been advised strongly to break off this labor for some time, & take a voyage or a journey, & endeavor to recruit... September 10, Wednesday: Here are some comments on the events of this day by Steve King: Ralph Waldo Emerson spoke On the Affairs in Kansas at a Kansas Relief Meeting in Cambridge, Mass. Two years earlier, the Kansas-Nebraska Act had repealed the Missouri Compromise banning slavery in the new territories and granted residents the right to choose for themselves on the issue. Pro-slavery gangs had been shooting and even scalping Abolitionists, and the Cambridge Relief Meeting was one of many such, as was Emerson s appeal: The people of Kansas ask for bread, clothes, arms, and men, to save them alive, and enable them to stand against these enemies of the human race. The Relief movement generated money and support for John Brown when he came east from Kansas the following January. When Brown was hanged for the events at Harper s Ferry, Emerson allegorized him in tones designed to keep him from a-mouldering in the grave : For the archabolitionist, older than Brown, and older than the Shenandoah Mountains, is Love, whose other name is Justice, which was before Alfred, before Lycurgus, before slavery, and will be after it. Emerson thought Brown himself a pretty fair speaker, ranking his trial speech in a league with the Gettysburg Address for passages such as this: This court acknowledges, as I suppose, the validity of the law of God. I see a book kissed here which I suppose to be the Bible, or at least the New Testament. That teaches me that all things whatsoever I would that men should do to me, I should do even so to them. It teaches me, further, to remember them that are in bonds, as bound with them. I endeavored to act up to that instruction. I say I am yet too young to understand that

20 REVEREND God is any respecter of persons. I believe that to have interfered as I have done as I have always freely admitted I have done in behalf of His despised poor was not wrong, but right. Now, if it is deemed necessary that I should forfeit my life for the furtherance of the ends of justice, and mingle my blood further with the blood of my children and with the blood of millions in this slave country whose rights are disregarded by wicked, cruel, and unjust enactments I submit; so let it be done! In CLOUDSPLITTER, Russell Banks s historical novel on these events (1998, finalist for Pulitzer and PEN/Faulkner), Brown is more interested in the mighty sword than the ringing word. After listening with his son, Owen, to one of Emerson s talks in Boston, Brown walks out on the Sage of Concord while the sophisticated crowd applauds wildly: That man s truly a boob! Father blurted. For the life of me, I can t understand his fame. Unless the whole world is just as foolish as he is. Godless? He s not even rational! You d think, given his godlessness, his sec-u-laahr-ity, he d be at least rational, he said, and gave a sardonic laugh. When Owen offers that Emerson s language was thrilling, whatever it meant, Brown gives notice that he s interested in more than talk: His language? Come on, Owen. Airy nonsense, that s all it is. For substance, the man offers us clouds, fogs, mists of words... Thoreau made it amply clear in his journal on this day that although he would willingly make use of what he found in George Bancroft s A HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES, FROM THE DISCOVERY OF THE AMERICAN CONTINENT, he was not at all impressed by this manner of presentation. Bancroft s history was emasculated, it was cursed with a style. Our guy would rather read a history that was off the wall such as Peters s old history of Connecticut with its claim of a waterfall so powerful that one could not thrust a crowbar into it. Sept A.M. Took the cars to Bellows Falls, through Dummerston, Putney, and Westminster. Looked at the falls and rocks. River higher than usual this season, yet could cross all but about twenty feet on the rocks. Some pot-holes of this form: real pot-holes, but commonly several curves commingled, thus: or the whole more rounded. Found, spreading prostrate on the rocks amid the pot-holes, apparently a small

21 REVEREND willow [Prunus depressa], with shining dark-red stems and smooth, spatulate, rather obtuse serrate leaves. (Vide press.) I read that salmon passed these falls but not shad. When the water is lowest, it is contracted to sixteen feet here, and Peters s, an old history of Connecticut, says it was so condensed that you could not thrust a crowbar into it. It did me good to read his wholesale hearty statements, strong, living, human speech, so much better than the emasculated modern histories, like Bancroft s and the rest, cursed with a style. I would rather read such histories, though every sentence were a falsehood, than our dull emasculated reports which bear the name of histories. The former, leaving a human breath and interest behind them, are nearer to nature and to truth, after all. The historian is required to feel a human interest in his subject and to so express it. President Dwight, speaking of the origin of those pot-holes, says, The river now is often fuller than it probably ever was before the country above was cleared of its forests: the snows in open ground melting much more suddenly, and forming much greater freshets, than in forested ground. (Vol. ii, page 92.) Ascended the Fall Mountain with a heavy valise on my back, against the advice of the toll-man. But when I got up so soon and easily I was amused to remember his anxiety. It is seven hundred and fifty feet high, according to Gazetteer. Saw great red oaks on this hill, particularly tall, straight, and bare of limbs, for a great distance, amid the woods. Here, as at Brattleboro, a fine view of the country immediately beneath you; but these views lack breadth, a distant horizon. There is a complete view of the falls from this height. Saw a pair of middle-sized black hawks hovering about this cliff, with some white spots, with peculiar shrill snapping notes like a gull, a new kind to me. Descending the steep south end of this hill, I saw an apparent Corydalia glauca, mostly withered, three feet or more, and more than usually broad and stout in proportion. (Vide press.) My shoes were very smooth, and I got many falls descending, battering my valise. By the railroad below, the Solanum nigrum, with white flowers but yet green fruit. Just after crossing Cold River, bathed in the Connecticut, evidently not far from site of the old Kilbourn fort. Clay-muddy shore. Near the site of the old Bellows Fort, saw completely purple Polygala verticillata abundant in road. Rode the last mile into Walpole with a lumberer, who said that when he commenced operations at Bellows Falls be thought that there was not more than one hundred thousand there, but they had already got out four millions. He imported some of those masts I had seen go through Concord from Canada West. They were rafted along Lake Erie (a Mr. Dorr of Buffalo afterward told me that he did this part with steamers, merely running an inch chain through the butt of each log and fastening the ends to a boom, which surrounded the whole, leaving the small ends to play) and in small rafts by canal to Albany, and thence by railroad via Rutland to Portland, for the navy; and it cost only one third more to get them from Canada West than from Bellows Falls. Remembering the difficulty in old times of loading one of these sticks in New Hampshire for the King s Navy, this seemed the greatest triumph of the railroad. In Walpole, the Chenopodium Botrys. September 11, Thursday: At Walpole, New Hampshire, where Henry Thoreau was visiting the Alcotts, Bronson Alcott wrote in his journal (JOURNALS. Boston MA: Little, Brown, 1938, pages 284-5) as follows: Thoreau is persistency manly and independent as of old. His criticisms on men and the times as characteristic, individual, and urged with all the honest pertinacity befitting a descent of the Scandinavian Thor. A man of a genealogy like his Franko-Norman-Scottish-American may well be forgiven for a little foolhardiness, if not pugnacity, amidst his great

22 REVEREND common sense and faithfulness to the core of natural things... In the evening Thoreau reads Dr. Bellow s HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE FOUNDER S FAMILY, and takes all there is known of Walpole to bed with him, to be used for such ornaments of his jaunt this day as our traveller s humour shall dictate. COL. BENJ. BELLOWS Sept. 11. P.M. Walked over what Alcott calls Farm Hill, east of his house. Erigeron annuus, four feet high, by roadside: also Ranunculus Pennsylvanicus, or bristly crowfoot, still in bloom. Vide press. A fine view of the Connecticut valley from the hilltop, and of Ascutney Mountain, but not of Monadnock. Descended a steep side of the hill by a cow-path, made with great judgment regularly zigzag, thus: well worn and deep. Visited the graveyard and Colonel Benjamin Bellows, the founder s, gravestone and more recent monument. In the evening read an interesting pamphlet account of the Bellows family of Walpole, prepared by Dr. Bellows of New York, on occasion of the family gathering and erection of the monument. A large part of the inhabitants of Walpole are descendants of Colonel B. Bellows. The writer quotes from a paper in the Cheshire Gazette of April 28, 1826, understood to be prepared by our respected townsman, Dr. Morse, Dr. B. saying first, A Mrs. Watson of Germantown, Pennsylvania, was alive in 1826, who resided in Walpole in 1762, then only 8 years old, but she had a remarkable memory. He then quotes Morse, who states that her father came and built a house in Walpole in The roof of the house was covered with bark, and the gable ends remained open some time, which enabled them to hear the barking of foxes, the howling of wolves, and the cries of the panther, while sitting before the fire. The latter resembled the voice of a woman in distress, and [seemed] intended to decoy people into the woods, where the salutations of these roving gentry were apt to prove troublesome, unless prevented by the presence of fire-arms. According to this woman (and Morse), a shad was taken near the falls which had a rattlesnake s head in its stomach. Dr. B. states that there is a tradition that the founder, Colonel B., once killed, on Fall Mountain, two bears and a very large panther, which last alarmed him considerably. According to Morse and the woman, a large portion of pin money was derived from the sale of golden thread, ginseng, and snakeroot, which were procured from their [the ladies ] own hands. This should probably be lands, or the preposition, by. In Alcott s yard, sprung up from his bird s seed, hemp, like common except fragrant. 1 These are the plants I obtained on this excursion: Panicled elder berries, Fitchburg. Aster concinnus (?), Frost, Brattleboro. Solidago Canadensis. A. cordifolius. Urlica gracilis (?). Pear-hipped rose. Vitis cordifolia. Eupatorium ageratoides. Helianthus decapetalus. Solidago arguta. A. tenuifolius (?), Frost. Hepatica triloba, leaves. Tiarella cordifolia, leaves and dried stem. Sium lineare (?). Urtica Canadensis. 1. So is ours.

23 REVEREND Phryma Leptoslachya. Campanula rotundifolia. Polygonum Virginianum. Cornus stolonifera (?). Dirca palustris, leaves. A. miser var. hirsuta (?). Viburnum lantanoides, leaves. Acer spicatum, leaves. Ribes cynoebati, in fruit. Taxus Canadensis, in fruit. Solidago Muhlenbergii. Tussilago Farfara, leaves. Epiphegus Americana. Equisetum scirpoides. Veronica Americana, not in flower. Nabalus altissimus. Oxalis Acetosella, leaves. Viola rotundifolia (??), radical leaves. Erigeron annuus. Polypodium Dryopteris, in fruit. Heavy scented plant. Gerardia tenuifolia. Platanthera orbiculata (?), out of bloom Tufted and divided leaves on mountain. Aster, longifolius-like, on Island.

24 REVEREND 1857 Publication of Horatio Alger, Jr. s long poem, Nothing to Do, a Tilt at our Best Society. He entered the Harvard Divinity School to become, like his father and his cousin, a Unitarian reverend. NEW HARVARD MEN At the Lowell Institute, the Unitarian Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows delivered a series of lectures on The Treatment of Social Diseases. Before the American Dramatic Fund Society at the Academy of Music in New- York, the Reverend Bellows delivered an address on The Relation of Public Amusements to Public Morality, Especially of the Theatre to the Highest Interests of Humanity. This would be published by C.S. Francis as THE RELATION OF PUBLIC AMUSEMENTS TO PUBLIC MORALITY, ESPECIALLY OF THE THEATRE TO THE HIGHEST INTERESTS OF HUMANITY: AN ADDRESS, DELIVERED AT THE ACADEMY OF MUSIC, NEW YORK BEFORE THE AMERICAN DRAMATIC FUND SOCIETY, FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE FUND.

25 REVEREND February 28, Saturday: Aboard the whaler Addison out of New Bedford, Mary Chipman Lawrence confided to her diary: Saw finbacks and blackfish today; did not go after them. Samuel made a nice chowder of those skipjacks that were caught yesterday. It tasted very nice to me, nicer, I imagine, than if anyone else had cooked it. I knew that it was clean. If I had not eaten my peck of dirt before I came to sea, I am very sure that it will be filled good measure, pressed down and running over, before I return. February 28: It is a singular infatuation that leads men to become clergymen in regular, or even irregular standing. I pray to be introduced to new men, at whom I may stop short and taste their peculiar sweetness. But in the clergyman of the most liberal sort I see no perfectly independent human nucleus, but I seem to see some indistinct scheme hovering about, to which he has lent himself, to which he belongs. It is a very fine cobweb in the lower stratum of the air, which stronger wings do not even discover. Whatever he may say, he does not know that one day is as good as another. Whatever he may say, he does not know that a man s creed can never be written, that there are no particular expressions of belief that deserve to be prominent. He dreams of a certain sphere to be filled by him, something less in diameter than a great circle, maybe not greater than a hogshead. All the staves are got out, and his sphere is already hooped. What s the use of talking to him? When you spoke of a sphere-music he thought only of a thumping on his cask. If he doesn t know something that nobody else does, that nobody told him, then he s a telltale. What great interval is there between him who is caught in Africa and made a plantation slave of in the South, and him who is caught in New England and made a Unitarian minister of? In course of time they will abolish the one form of servitude, and, not long after, the other. I do not see the necessity for a man s getting into a hogshead and so narrowing his sphere, nor for his putting his head into a halter. Here s a man who can t butter his own bread, and he has just combined with a thousand like him to make a dipped toast for all eternity!

26 REVEREND 1860 The Unitarian Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows s RESTATEMENTS OF CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE IN TWENTY-FIVE SERMONS. The Reverend Horatio Alger, Sr. was accepted as the minister of the Unitarian church in South Natick, Massachusetts. His son Horatio Alger, Jr. completed Harvard Divinity School and then instead of seeking a church, would travel in Europe for the following ten months.

27 REVEREND 1861 The Unitarian Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows planned the United States Sanitary Commission, the major source of spiritual and physical aid for wounded Union soldiers during and after the American Civil War. He would become the Commission s only president. A new edition of the Reverend William Rounseville Alger s THE POETRY OF THE ORIENT, OR METRICAL SPECIMENS OF THE THOUGHT, SENTIMENT, AND FANCY OF THE EAST, PREFACED BY AN ELABORATE DISSERTATION (originally published in Boston in 1856). Also, his A CRITICAL HISTORY OF THE DOCTRINE OF A FUTURE LIFE, with a bibliography by Ezra Abbot comprising some 5,000 titles. Also, his THE GENIUS OF SOLITUDE; OR THE LONELINESS OF HUMAN LIFE. Since his shortness (he was 5 foot 2) and poor eyesight were keeping him from being accepted into the military, in this year or the following one the Reverend Horatio Alger, Jr. would accept a position as the Unitarian pastor of the 1st Parish Church in Brewster. The ordination sermon would be delivered by the Reverend Edward Everett Hale.

28 REVEREND 1863 The Unitarian Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows s sermon Unconditioned Loyalty, a pro-union sermon which would be printed up and widely circulated during the Civil War. A (white) North Carolina railroad executive optimistically assured his (white) stockholders that the value of their investment in slaves would be doubling as soon as there was a Southern triumph that brought this Civil War to a successful conclusion.

29 REVEREND 1865 The Unitarian Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows proposed and organized a national conference of Unitarian and other Christian churches. 2 Until 1880 he would chair this conference s council. 2. I suppose that by other Christian churches they meant any Christian dignitaries who might be willing to be in the same room with a bunch of Unitarians at the same time for certain sure, that s not everyone.

30 REVEREND 1866 Charles J. Still s HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES SANITARY COMMISSION (Philadelphia). REV.

31 REVEREND 1868 The initial volume of the Unitarian Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows s THE OLD WORLD IN ITS NEW FACE: IMPRESSIONS OF EUROPE IN (New York: Harper & brothers; the 2d volume would appear in the following year).

32 REVEREND 1869 The final volume of the Unitarian Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows s THE OLD WORLD IN ITS NEW FACE: IMPRESSIONS OF EUROPE IN (New York: Harper & brothers; the initial volume had appeared in the previous year).

33 REVEREND 1877 The Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows became the 1st president of the 1st Civil Service Reform Association to be organized in the United States of America.

34 REVEREND 1879 The Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows s HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE UNION LEAGUE CLUB.

35 REVEREND 1880 April 7, Wednesday: On the centenary of the birth of the Reverend William Ellery Channing, the Unitarian Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows delivered at Newport, Rhode Island a discourse William Ellery Channing, His Opinions, Genius and Character. This would be printed and distributed by G.P. Putnam as WILLIAM ELLERY CHANNING, HIS OPINIONS, GENIUS AND CHARACTER: A DISCOURSE GIVEN AT NEWPORT, R.I., ON THE CELEBRATION OF THE CENTENARY OF HIS BIRTH, APRIL 7, 1880.

36 REVEREND 1882 John White Chadwick s HENRY W. BELLOWS: HIS LIFE AND CHARACTER (New York). January 30, Monday: Henry Whitney Bellows died in New York City. Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born near Hyde Park.

37 REVEREND 1886 On Manhattan Island, the El was extended all the way to the Bronx. The Unitarian Reverend Henry Whitney Bellows s TWENTY-FOUR SERMONS IN ALL SOULS CHURCH, New York, , a volume in which the sermons recollected had been selected by his son Russell N. Bellows. A bronze memorial tablet in his honor (prepared by Augustus Saint-Gaudens) was dedicated at All Souls church.

38 REVEREND 1897 Russell N. Bellows s Henry Whitney Bellows (Keene, New Hampshire; reprinted from T.B. Peck s BELLOWS FAMILY GENEALOGY). MAGISTERIAL HISTORY IS FANTASIZING, HISTORY IS CHRONOLOGY Stack of the Artist of Kouroo Project Henry Whitney Bellows

39 REVEREND COPYRIGHT NOTICE: In addition to the property of others, such as extensive quotations and reproductions of images, this read-only computer file contains a great deal of special work product of Austin Meredith, copyright Access to these interim materials will eventually be offered for a fee in order to recoup some of the costs of preparation. My hypercontext button invention which, instead of creating a hypertext leap through hyperspace resulting in navigation problems allows for an utter alteration of the context within which one is experiencing a specific content already being viewed, is claimed as proprietary to Austin Meredith and therefore freely available for use by all. Limited permission to copy such files, or any material from such files, must be obtained in advance in writing from the Stack of the Artist of Kouroo Project, 833 Berkeley St., Durham NC Please contact the project at <Kouroo@kouroo.info>. It s all now you see. Yesterday won t be over until tomorrow and tomorrow began ten thousand years ago. Remark by character Garin Stevens in William Faulkner s INTRUDER IN THE DUST Prepared: May 23, 2014

40 REVEREND ARRGH AUTOMATED RESEARCH REPORT GENERATION HOTLINE This stuff presumably looks to you as if it were generated by a human. Such is not the case. Instead, someone has requested that we pull it out of the hat of a pirate who has grown out of the shoulder of our pet parrot Laura (as above). What these chronological lists are: they are research reports compiled by ARRGH algorithms out of a database of modules which we term the Kouroo Contexture (this is data mining). To respond to such a request for information we merely push a button.

41 REVEREND Commonly, the first output of the algorithm has obvious deficiencies and we need to go back into the modules stored in the contexture and do a minor amount of tweaking, and then we need to punch that button again and recompile the chronology but there is nothing here that remotely resembles the ordinary writerly process you know and love. As the contents of this originating contexture improve, and as the programming improves, and as funding becomes available (to date no funding whatever has been needed in the creation of this facility, the entire operation being run out of pocket change) we expect a diminished need to do such tweaking and recompiling, and we fully expect to achieve a simulation of a generous and untiring robotic research librarian. Onward and upward in this brave new world. First come first serve. There is no charge. Place requests with <Kouroo@kouroo.info>. Arrgh.