Matrika means Mother Goddess. The mother was regarded as the. supreme creative principle, and perhaps, this belief was responsible

Transcription

1 XI MATRIKAS Matrika means Mother Goddess. The mother was regarded as the supreme creative principle, and perhaps, this belief was responsible for the emergence of the Shakti Cult. All (goddesses are worshipped and respected as the Mothers. The Cult of Mother Goddess existed even before the time of the Vedasj it is the giver of. fertility and fortune both.* In two ways, these goddesses are associated' with their respective male principles, the Gods. One, as a consort.form and second as his Shakti form. These two aspects of the fample counter part of the Gods are treated differently in the Sastras. The Shakti aspect of the female counter part of the Gods are known as Matrikas, The Rig-Veda referred to the concept of seven Mothers or Saptamatrika. 2

2 : 423 : We find variations in the list of the Matrikas with regard to their number and names. Usually, the Matrikas are seven in 3 number, though eight or more of them can be counted. It appears that side by side with the common concept about the stereotyped number of the Matrikas or Shaktis of seven or eight Gods, there existed a belief about the Shaktis of other Gods or their aspects*^ Various versions relating to the origin of the Matrikas are found in the Puranas and Spies. According to the Mythological. legend^ the Matrikas were created to help Shiva in his fight against Andhakasura, the Chief of Asura. When Shiva inflicted wounds On Andhakasura, blood began to flor profusely from his body. Each drop which touches the earth assumed the shape of secondary Asura, An'dhaka, Thus, there were innumerable Asuras fighting against the Lord, To stop the falling of the blood on earth, Lord Shiva created a Goddress called Yogeshvari from the flames issuing out of his mouth. Other Devas, Brahma, Vishnu, Maheshvara, Kumara, Varaha, Indra and Yama also sent their Shaktis to follow Yogesvari in stopping the flow of blood. Thus the Saptamatrikas : Brahmani, Mahesvari, Kaumati, Vaishnavi, Varahi, Indrani and Chamunda,. originated. In the Suprabhedagama,^ these seven Matrikas are said to have been created by Brahma in order to kill Nirrita. 7 It is mentioned in the Varaha Purana/ that these Matrikas represent eight mental qualities viz. Yogesvari represents

3 : 424 : desire, Mahesvari anger, Vaishnavi covetousness, Brahmani pride, Kauraatl illusion, Indrani fault-findings, Yarn! or Charaunda talebearing and Varahi envy. It is also said in the same Purana that the legend of the killing of Andhakasura is an allegory, representing spiritual wisdom fighting against ignorance, Shiva, as the spirit of vidya, fights with Andhakasura, the darkness of avidya. The harder vidya tries to eliminate avidya, the more does, the latter increases. This fact is represented by the multiplication of the figures of Andhakasura. Unless the eight mental qualities are altogether controlled by vidya and kept under restraint, it can never succeed in putting down Andhakara. O The Iconography of each Matrika is found in greater details in the Puranas and Shilpasastras,, It is discussed separately in detailed before the description of the images found in the region under study. The Bruhatsarahita^ and the Vishnudharmottara 10 Purana state that Matrikas should be sculptured in accordance with their respective Gods and have similar emblems. It is 11 stated in the Markandeya Purana, that the Shaktis of the individual Gods are characterised by the respective forms, ornaments and mounts of those Gods. While concluding the origin of Saptamatrikas, Rao, states that these are the female counterparts of the Gods, Brahma, Mahesvara, Kurnara, Vishnu, Varaha, Indra and Yama, and are armed with the same weapons, wear the same ornaments and ride the same Vahanas and carry the same banners as the corresponding male Gods do.

4 425 : As their names suggest, the Saptamatrikas should be seven in number* Most of the texts have adhered to this figure and, are even unanimous regarding the names of six members of this list viz, (1) Brahman!, (2) Vaishnavi, (3) Kaumari, (4) Varahi, (5) Indrani and (6) Ghamunda. However, these texts have different opinion on the seventh member of this set. The Agni Purana, the Amshumadbhedagama, the Shilpratna, the Apara jitapruccha and the Rupamandana suggest that Mahesvari should be included as seventh member. While, according to the 18 Manasara, Bharavi should be the seventh member. The Rupava- 1Q tara has gone a step further by raising the number from seven to eight by adding Chandika in this list. In some texts,^ the figure is raised to nine by dropping Chandika and adding Nrsimhi and Shivaduti to the Astamatrika list. The images of Matrikas, whether in a panel or on their own, however, do not represent them as their origins are described in the Mythological legend, they are shown simply standing or seated at ease alongwith their respective characteristic features. Sometimes, they are also found accompanied by children, in order to emphasise their Mother aspect. The Saptamatrikas a are usually presented in a panel, with Virabhadra and Ganapati on each side of the Saptamatrikas, however sometimes their images on their own are also found.

5 : 426 : The Matsya Purana and the Rupamandana, states that the Saptamatrikas should be accompanied by Virabhadra or Viresvara and Ganapati, Virabhadra or ^iresvara should be placed first on the right hand side, while Ganapati last on the left hand side. However, according to the Aparajitapruccha, J Ganapati should be placed first on the right hand side and Bhairav^ (i.e.virabhadra) last on the left hand side. VIRABHADRA OR VIRESVARA 24 Virabhadra, according to the Amshumadbhedagama, should have four hands carrying Trident, Abhaya Mudra, Mace and Varada Mudra,while the Shilpratna states that he should carry Deer, Tanka, Varada Mudra, and Abhaya Mudra, in his four hands, The Aparajitapruccha^ has laid doim that he should hold Vina in 27 his two hands. According to the Rupavatara, Virabhadra should be sculptured with four hands carrying Bow, Vina, Trident and 28 Arrow. In the Rupamandana, it is stated that he should carry Bow, Vina and Trident, and silent about fourth article. In the same text, It is also stated that he rides on bull* BRAHMANI OR BRAHMI pa The Matsya Purana ^ states that Brahmani should have four hands, but refers to only two articles viz. Aksamala and Kara an- 30 dalu* The Amshumadbhedagama has laid down that four hands of Brahmani should be equipped with Abhaya Mudfca, Trident, Varada 31. Mudra and Aksamala, The Shilparatna has suggested Staff,

6 : 427 : 32 Kalash, Aksamala and Goad in her hands, while the Manasara has prescribed Aksamala, Pot, Abhaya Mudra and Varada Mudfa. 33 According to the Aparajitapruccha ^ she should carry Aksamala, 34 Ladle, Book and Kamandalu. in her hands. The Rupamandana has suggested the same but changed the order, as, Aksamala, Kamandaly, Ladle and Book, Six handed variety of Brahmani is prescribed by the Rupavatara,/^ according^ she should held Varada Mudra, Aksamala, Lotus, Book, Kalash and Abhaya Mudra in her six hands. All these authorities are unanimous in recommending that she should be portrayed with four heads. The MatsyaPurana, the Amshumadbhedagama, the Aparajitapruccha, the Rupavatara and the Rupamandana have recommended that she should be represented with Swan vehicle. MAHESVARI According to the Matsya Purana and the Rupamandana, Mahesvari should have four hands carrying Human skull, Trident, 38 Khatvanga and Varada Mudra. The Shilparatna has laid down that her hands should be equipped with Varada Mudra, Aksamala, Damaru and Human skull, The Manasara states that she should have Varada Mudra, Battle-axe, Deer and Abhaya Mudra in her hands. 3Q The Aparajitapruccha^0 has described her with five articles viz. Aksamala, Trident, Sword, Khatvanga and Bijora,. which suggests that she should be represented with six hands. The Rupavatara has also referred to six handed Mahesvari carrying Varada Mudra, 41 Aksamala, Damaru, Trident, Bell and Abhaya Mudra in her hands.

7 i 428 : As regards her vehicle, all texts have laid down that bull should be depicted as her vehicle. KAUMARI zip The Maigra Purana states that Kaumari should have two hands carrying Trident and Shakti. While the Vishnudharmottara Purana 43 says that she. should have six faces and twelve hands, two of her hands are held in the Vara da and Abhaya Mudra respectively, while remaining hands carry Shakti, Dhvaja, Staff, Bow, Arrow, Bell, Lotus, Patra and Battle-axe. Am s hum a dbheda g ama ^ has referred to Kaumari as *Mayurdvajavahini and prescribed Shakti, Cock, Varada Mudra and Abhaya Mudra for her four hands. She should 45 carry according to the Shilparatna, Goad, Noose, Khatvanga 46 and Shakti in her hands. The Aparajitapruceha states that she should be equipped with Aksamala, Shakti, Cock and Kamandalu. 47 While the Manasara has recommended to equip her hands with 48 Varada Mudra, Skull, Shakti and-abhaya Mudra. The Rupamandana has laid down that she should carry Trident, Shakti. and Mace, and silent about fourth article. Twelve handed Kaumari is also described in the Rupavatara.^ According^ she helds Varada Mudra, Shakti Banner, Staff, Noose, and Arrow in her right hands, while Bow, Bell, Lotus, Cock, Battle-axe and Abhaya Mudra,in her left hands. An texts referred to peacock as her vehicle.

8 : 429 : VAISHNAVI 50 Vaishnavi helds, according to the Matsya Purana and the 51 Rupamandana, Varada Mudra, Conch, Disc and Mace in her four 52 hands. While, the Vishnudharmottara Purana states that, she should carry Mace, Lotus and Abhaya Mudra in her right hands and Conch, Disc and Varada Mudra in left ones. The Amshumadbhedagama'7'' has referred to Vaishnavi as Garudadvajavahini, and has laid down that Conch, Disc, Varada and Abhaya'Mudra should be 54 placed in her four hands. The Shilparatna has prescribed four articles viz. Disc, Conch, Banner and Chain for her. The Mana- 55 sara has armed her lower hands with Abhaya and Varada Mudra and upper hands with Disc and C0nch respectively, The Aparajita- 56 pruccha" has laid down that she should have Mace, Disc, Conch 57 and Lotus in her four hands. The Rupavatara, has suggested six handed Vaishnavi, however, only four articles viz. Varada ' Mudra, Mace, Conch and Disc«have been mentioned. Garuda is said to be the vehicle of Vaishnavi in all texts. VARAHI Varahi has the face of a boar. Varahi, holds, according to Kp the Matsya Purana, C$towrie, Mace and Disc, and fourth article 59 is not given. According to the Vishnudharaottara Purana, she has six hands carrying Staff, Khadga, Khetaka, Noose, Abhaya Mudra and Varada Mudra. The Amshumadbhedagama0 refers to Varahi as Gajadvajavahini and has laid down that she holds Hala, Varada

9 : 430 : Mudra, Abhaya Mudra and Shakti in her hands. The Shilpa has recommended that she should have articles viz, Thrashx rod, Sword, Bell, Plough and Lotus, and silent about sixth article. According to the Manasara,^ she has four hands carrying Abhaya Mudra, Plough, Noose and Varada Mudra, The Apara^e (53 itapruccha - states that she holds Aksamala, Sword, Bell and Kamandalu in her four hands, while according to the Rupamandana, 64 she helds Bell, Chowrie, Mace and lisc, Six handed Varahi has been described by the Rupavatara, J carrying Varada Mudra, Staff, Sword, Shield, Noose and Abhaya Mudra, The Matsya Purana, the Aparajitapruccha, and the Rupamandana have referred to buffalo as her vehicle, while the Amshumadhe- dagaraa her refer to elephant, INDRANI OR AIMDRI The Matsya Purana and the lupamandana have laid down that Indrani should hold articles viz, thunderbolt, Trident and Mace, silent about fourth article. According to the Vishnudhar- 6s mottara Purana, she should have six hands, and Varada Mudra, Sutra, Thunderbolt, Pot, Patra and Abhaya Mudra should be placed 6q in them. The Amshumadbhedagama y states that she held Goad, Abhaya Mudra, Varada Mudra and Shakti in her four hands, further it refers to her as Gsd^advajavahini. At one place, the Shilpa- ratna^ mentioned that she helds Goad, Tomara, Thunderbolt and

10 : 431 : 71 Disc, and at another place, recommends Thunderbolt, Shakti, Varada Mudra, and Abhaya Mudra as articles to be placed in her 72 four hands. The Aparajitapruccha' states that she should carry 73 Aksamala, Staff, Noose and Kamandalu. While, the Rupavatara refers to her as six handed Goddess and carrying, Varada Mudra* Aksamala, Thunderbolt, Kalash, Pot and Abhaya Mudra. An elephant is prescribed by most of the texts, as her vehicle. CHAMUNDA As a Mother Goddess* Chamunda is the fertility aspect of Durga* She has been also referred to as the fierce aspect of Ambika. She is so named on account of her having caused complete annihilation to two demon brothers, Chanda and Munda, who were under the services of the demon king Sumbha and his brother 74 Nisumbha*/ It is also said that she rendered the invaluable assistance to Burga in slaying Raktavija, another very powerful 73 ally of the demon king Sfcmbha and Nisumbha*' It is- interesting to note that the images of Chamunda are found all over the region under study, however, she has not been found depicted anywhere as engaged in the act of killing the asuras Chanda and Munda or in devouring up the asuras bom out of the blood of Raktavija, Her different poses viz. seated, standing and dancing, are noted. Her images are found separately or in the group of Matrikas. The Agni Purana, the Matsya Puran,

11 & : 432 : the Vishnudharmottara Purana, the Agamas and the Rupamandana have described the iconographical features of Chamunda in detailed The images of Chamunda should be represented as a skeleton in appearance flesh dried.up, bones showing through the skin, eyes sunken and abdomen contracted. She has pendant breasts and three eyes. She has a terrific face with powerful tusks, and should be made laughing horribly. She should have a garland of skulls and bones. She should be dressed in tiggr*s skin. She should have a human corpse or an owl as her vehicle. 77 Chamunda, according to the Agni Purana, should have four hands carrying Scissors, Trident, Skull and Pattisa (Spear). 78 While the M.atsya Purana mentions Shakti or Human head and Skull 7Q as her attributes. The Vishnudharmottara Purana provides her with ten arms carrying Musala, Kavacha, Arrow_, Goad, Sword, Khetaka Noose, Bow, Staff, and Battle-axe, The Amshumadbhedagami5 describes Chamunda as holding Skull, Trident, Varada Mudra and Abhaya Mudra in her four hands. The Shilparatna states that she should have Trident and Skull in two hands. The Aparajita- 82 pruccha has given three articles only viz. Skull, Khatvanga and Trident. The _ Rupavatara R3 provides her with tea hands carrying Thrashing rod or Disc, Arrow, Goad, Sword, Bow,-Shield, Noose, Bow, Staff and Battle-axe, The Rupamandana describes Chamunda as holding Thrashing rod, Disc, Arrow, Goad, Sword, Shield, Noose,Bov;, Staff and Battle-axe in her ten hands. The Rupaman- 85 dana also refers to her with two arms, but does not prescribe any articles for this form.

12 : 433 : The images representing Matrikas are found in a group in one panel, or sometimes separately on their town. In the region under study, different varieties of Matrikas with various names and attributes are found. In this work, Matrikas those are found in panels are discussed first, thereafter individual images and forms of Matrikas. PANCH MATRIKA Above the porch of the Ambaji temple, jagat, a set of five Matrikas, is found. In this set, the Goddess Hingulaj has occupied centre position, two Goddesses are carved on each side of her. All the Goddesses are portrayed standing in Dvibhanga pose, and they are. endowed with four hands. In this set, except the Goddess Hingulaj, each of them has a baby with her. The Goddess Mahesvari has baby under her right hand, while others have under their left hands,. The attributes and other details are given in the following table. Sr. No. Name of the Deity Articles Vehicle 1. Mahesvari Lost Varada+Aksamala # Cobra Kamandalu Nil 2. BrahmanI Book Varada+Aksamala % Lotus janghahasta Nil 3. Hingulaj Trident Varada+Aksamala «Bell K&lash Lien 4. Aindri Staff(?) Varada+Aksamala «Noose Kalash Elephant 5. Mahakali Trident Varada+Aksamala Khatvanga (Lost) Nil

13 : 434 : SAPTAMATRIKA PANELS One beautiful panel representing complete set of Saptamatrika, is found in the niche of western wall of the Ratneswar. Kund (water tank), Chittor Fort. The presence of Saptamatrika panel on the wall of water tank or Bsvadi, indicates their rela~ tion with water resources. In the Rig-Veda, the relation of 86 Saptasindhv* (Goddesses) with water is shown. Recently, Prof, Dr.R.N.Mehta has discovered a panel representing Saptamatrikas from the Ambapur step well near Gandhinagar, in Gujarat, which supports above logic and such practice in the past. The Saptamatrika panel from Chittor Fort.'.is illustrated in figure 1, 2 & 3.. Nine deities are figured in this panel in the following sequence. It starts with Virabhadra and ends with Ganapati. (1) Virabhadra (3) Mahesvari (5) Vaishnavi (7) Aindri or Indrani (2) Brahrnani (4) Kaumari (6) Varahi (8) Chamunda (9) Ganapati All the deities represented in this panel are found seated in Ardhaparyanka asana and their respective vehicles are also depicted near their feet. Their attributes and other details are as follow:

14 : 435 : Sr. Name of the No. Deity- Attributes Vehicle 1. Virabhadra Trident : Cobra Bull Vina in lower two hands 2. Brahmani (three faces seen) Ladle : Abhaya Mudra s Cup in palm Kalash in palm Swan 3. Mahesvari Trident : Abhaya Mudra : Cobra Kalash in palm Bull 4. K aumafi Shakti i Kalash in palm (Borken) Peacock 5. Vaishnavi 6. Varahi Mace : Lotus L Disc Conch Mace : Bell Abhaya Mudra : i?ish Garuda Buffalo 7. Aindri or Indrani 8. Chamunda 9. Ganapati Thunderbolt s Kalash in palm Elephant Trident : Khatvanga(?) Human Sword : Cup Corpse Lotus *, Battle-axe Nil Tusk i Basket of Modakas Another panel of Saptamatrikas is found in a small temple located in the courtyard of the Eklingji temple, Eklingji. The panel found in the compound of Eklingji temple appears to have been brought from some other place and fixed up on a rectangular platform in the present habitation. In this panel all nine deities are shown standing in Dvihh- anga pose and except one, all are depicted with two hands. The

15 : 435 vehicles, are carved with the respective deities, near their feet. In this panel the images of Virabhadra and Ganapati are included, however, they are not occuping the first and last position respectively. They are placed in between the goddesses Chamunda and Kaumari are dropped, and they are replaced by the.goddesses, Ambika and Bhairavi (or Mahakali), In this panel the deities are depicted in the following order. (1) Brahmani (2) Aindri (3) Ambika1 (4). Virabhadra (5) Mahesvari (6) Vaishnavi (?) Ganapati. (8) Varahi- (9) Bhairavi The.attributes and vehicles of the deities are tabulated as under? Sr* Name of the t[o. Deitg Attributes Vehicle 4 1. Brahmani Veda ; Ladle Swan 2. Aindri Thunderbolt : Varada Mudra Elephant 3. Mahesvari Trident i Cobra Bull 4. Virabhadra Vina held in bsth the hands Bull 5 Ambika Lotus ; Kalash Lion

16 : 437 : Vaishnavi Mace ; Kalash Garuda 7. Ganapati Lotus ; Varada Mudra Mouse 8. Varahi ^isc ; Vatsalya Mudra Indistinct 9. Bhairavi Thunderbolt(?) ; Lotus Sword L Bijora Dog One more group of Saptamatrifea not placed, in one slab, but placed one in each cardinal point of the ceiling of Sabha Mandap, of the ruined Surya temple, located near cement factory at Udaipur, is found. In this group, Virabhadra is noted, but Ganapati is omitted. If we start from Virabhadra, and move in the clockwise direction, it forms the following sequence; (1) Virabhadra (3) Mahesvari (5) Maishnavi (7) Aindri (2) Brahmani (4) KaUmari (6) Varahi (8) Chamunda, All the deities of this group are depicted seated in Padma- sana and with four hands. The attributes and vehicles of these deities are tabulated as under;

17 : 438 : Sr. No. Name of the Deity Articles in Hands Vehicle Illustra' ted in figure number 1. Virabhadra Trident * Staff Not found Fig. 4 Indistinct Indistinct 2. Brahmani (Three Ladle Book Swan Fig. 5 faces are seen)abhaya Mudra Kalash 3. Mahesvari Trident Cobra Indistinct Fig.6 Lost» «Kalash 4. Kaumari Shakti Cock A Peacock(?) Fig.7 Indistinct Kalash 5. Vaishnavi Mace * Lotus Garuda Fig.8 Disc(?) 9 9 Conch 6. Varahi Dsn da «Indistinct Buffalo Fig.9, Vardda+ Aksamala 9 (Lost) 7. Aindri Thunderbolt 9 Goad Elephant Fig.10 Vara da-i- Aksamala «Kalash 8. Chemunda Trident Khatvanga Indistinct Fig.11 Dagger(?) 0 & Khappar(?) New set of Saptamatrika New group of Matrikas is found, in the Kumbhashyam temple, Chittor Fort. These Matrikas are carved on two slabs, one of which is fixed in the inner side of the compound wall and the other one on the outer side of the same wall. Probably, this division of one slab was not from the beginning, ^he first slab which is fixed on the inner side of the compound wall, has seven figures, one male and six females, while other slab has

18 : 439 : eight figures. Amongst the eight figures of second slab, fi., two, one male and second female, seems to be a part of first slab. If we consider this, we can have the panel representing the group of Saptamatrika, which is led by Virabhadra and ended by Ganapatl. In between these two male figures, seven images of various goddesses are found. It is interesting to note here, that their,names are also inscribed on their pedestals. No doubt, in it, that* this panel goes to compose an altogether (unknown) new set of Saptamatrika. An the deities represented in this group are portrayed with four hands and standing in Saii^ihanga pose. Some are represented with his/her vehicle. The following deities are found in this new set. (1) Virabhadra (3) Vijayantika (5) Chandra'!duti (7) Usha (2) Ghantakami (4) Shivaduti (6) Tripurasundari (8) Siddhi. (9) Ganapsti (1) Virabhadra:Virabhadra is patterned after the Mahakala form of Shiva. He helds Varada+Aksaraala,Trident,Khatvanga and lijora in hands, (2) Ghantakami : The Agni Purana ' refers to Ghantakam as a o/- form^shiva (Bhairava), Which supports the creation of the image of Ghantakami. Here, she helds Bijora(?), Sword and Shield, and her lower left hand is lost, (3) Vi.jayatlka : She helds Chowrie, Goad.-, IChatvange and Bijora in her four hands.

19 : 440 : (4) Shivaduti : Here, she is portrayed with Dagger(?) Mace, Noose and Khappar in hands. (5) Chandraduti : The name inscribed below this image is partly damaged, but it can be safely read as Chandraduti. She helds Varada+Aksamala, Trident, Cobra and Bi$ora in hands. (6) Tripurasundari : She is represented with an elephant as a vehicle and Varada+Aksamala, Noose, Goad, and Kalash are placed in her four hands. (7) Usha : Usha is figured here with swan vehicle. The lower left hand of the deity is lost, and the remaining hands carry Varada+ Aksamala, Arrow and Bow, (8) Siddhi : This goddess holds Varada +Aksamala, Mace and Disc in her first three hands, while her lower left hand is lost. (9) Ganapati : He holds Battle-axe, Tusk., Trident and Sweet ball in his hands. No vehicle is depicted. INCOMPLETE SETS OF S APTAMATRIKA One incomplete set of the Matrikas is found from Kumbhalgarh, now preserved in the Museum of Archaeology, Udaipur. In this set only six members viz. Brahmani, Mahesvari, Kaumari, Vaishnavi, Varahi and Aindri are Represented. The images of Virabhadra, Chamunda and Ganapati are absent here. These images represent the Matrikas with four hands, and seated in Ardhaparyanka asana, alongwith their respective vehicles Lower left hand of each Goddess is placed around baby sitting on her left lap. Articles 'and vehicles found with each of them are tabulated as under:

20 : 441 : Sr. No. Name of the Deity. Articles Vehicle Brahmani ^adle «Book Swan Lost «Kalash Mahesvari Trident ««Khatvanga Bull Aksamala * Bijora 1 KaumaM Lost «Lost Peacock Banner 0 Mace. Vaishnavi Mace «Disc Garuda Lotus a Conch Varahi Chowrie Bell Buffalo Mace «Lotus Aindri Trident «Thunderbolt Elephant Mace «Goad Another incomplete, set of the images of the Metrikas is also found in the courtyard of the temple at Vasthanji (Abu). Here images of five Matrikas and one image of Bhairava are found, while images of Vaishnavi, chamunda and Ganapti are missing. Except Kaumari and Brahmani, all the Goddesses are depicted standing in Dvibhanga pose. The figure of baby is found with all the Matrikas. Other details are given below: Sr. Name of the Articles Vehicle No. Deity 1. Kaumari Shakti : Bijora Baby (Multilated) Peacock 2. Brahmani Lola Hasta : Baby (Lost) 3. Mahesvari Trident : Cobra Bull Bijora : Baby 4. Aindri Thunderbolt j Goad Elephant Varada. - w Mudra : Bab r 5 5. Bhairava Damaru : Shield Dog Sword : Human Head 6. Varahi Mace : Indistinct Nil Indistinct ; Baby,

21 : 442 : One more incomplete set of Saptamatrika is noted from Devangana, near Abu. Fortunately, these images are preserved in Jodhpur Museum,.Rajasthan. All of them identicle in size and style. Five members, viz. Mahesvari, Chamunda, Varahi, Vaishnavi, and Aindri, are found here, while other viz. Kaumari, Brahmani, Virabhadra and Ganapati are not there. All 61 them are' in seated posture. The Goddess Mahesvari, illustrated in figure 12 has four hands. Her lower right hand is placed on her right breast and the remaining hands hold Trident, Cobra and Baby. Bull, her vehicle is also found. Indrani or Aindri helds a Baby in her left hand and article placed in her right hand is mutilated. An elephant is depicted as a vehicle of the Goddess (Figure 13). ASTRMATRIKA PANELS The group of Astamatrika are also common in the state of Rajasthan. Such groups are found in the region under study. Three groups are noted from Nagada, near Eklingji. The deities represented in these groups are seated in Ardhaparyanka asana and with four hands, and also alongwith their respective vehicles. Most of the images agree with the forms of their respective male counterparts. These images are found, one in each cardinal point, of Sabha Mandap of the temple. They are not carved in one slab, eventhough, they form a group in each temple. It is interesting that the inclusion of Virabhadra and Ganapati, is not taken care off in these groups. Three such groups of Astamatrika found in Nagada are described in the following char.

22 i 444 : A Group of Astamatrika is also found in the Ambaji temple, Jagat. The group is divided into two parts, each of four Goddesses, carved on the side bars of the entrance of the main temple. The Goddesses on the right hand side bar (from fefctom to top) are (1) Brahmani (2) Kaumari (3) Varahi and (4) Chamunda, while on the left hand side (from top to bottom) are (5) Chamuda (6) Aindri (7) Vaishnavi (8) Mahesvari, An the Goddesses are depicted seated in Ardhaparyanka asana and with their respective vehicles. As noted in the previous panels of Astamatrika, here also, no image of Virabhadra or Ganapati is found. The details regarding the articles and vehicles are given below. Sr. Marne of the Mo. Deity Articles Vehicle 1. Brahmani Ladle : Veda Varada Mudra : Bijora 2. Kaumari Shakti JL Cock Varada Mudra : Bijora 3. Varahi Mace : Lotus arada Mudra : Conch 4. Chamunda Trident ; Khatvanga in bent of arm Dagger : Khappar 5. Chamunda Trident : Khatvanga Dagger ; Khappar 6. Aindri Thunderbolt : Soad Varada Mudra : Bijora 7. Vaishuavi Mace : Lotus Varada Mudra : Conch 8. Mahesvari Trident : Cobra Varada Mudra s Bijora ^wan Peacock Buffalo Human Corpse Human Corpse Elephant Garuda Bull

23 :t445 : In the same Ambaji temple, at Jagat, one more group of Astamatrika is found on the main gate of the temple. It is noteworthy that the Goddess Viyavi with baby in hand is included in this group. Virabhadra is depicted in the centre of the group. It is also noted that except Chamuda, all other Matrikas have a Baby on their left lep. The Goddesses are shown seated in Ardhaparyanka asana and with respective vehicles. Other details are given below. Sr. No. Name of the Deity' Articles 'in Hands Vehicles 1. Brahmani Book : Lotus Varada Mudra : Baby 2, Mahesvari Trident : Cobra Varada Mudra : Baby Swan Bull 3. Kaumari Shakti : Baby Peacock 4. Vaishnavi. Mace : Lotus Varada Mudra : Baby 5. Virabhadra Trident & Cobra Vina in two hands 6. Varahi Bell : Chowrie Varada Mudra ; Babjr 7. Aindri Thunderbolt: C-obd Varada Mudra : Baby Garuda Bull, Buffalo Elephant 8, Vayavi Banner : Baby Deer 9. hamunda Trident : Khatvanga Dagger : Bi.jora Human Corpse

24 : 446 : NAVSHAKTIS Nine images representing different Goddesses are foutmd on the upper part of the wall of the Vindhyavasini temple in Ekli- ngji. Of these, seven images represent the Goddesses traditionally known as Matrikas', viz. Brahmani, Vaishnavi, Mahesvari, Aindri, Varahi, Kaumari and Chamunda. Remaining images represent Bhairavi and Nrsimhi. As stated before, the number of the Matrikas is raised from eight to nine, by dropping Chandika from the list of Astamatrika, prescribed by the Rupavatara and adding CQ Nrsimhi and Shivaduti. However, in this set from Eklingji, Bhairavi is substituted for Shivaduti. No doubt, in this set nine matrikas i.e. Shaktis are depicted, but it is found difficult to conclude that the artists had in mind here the idea of presenting a set of Navmatrikas. All the Goddesses represented in this set are four handed and portrayed standing in Dvibhanga pose with their respective vehicles. Other details are as follows;

25 447 Sr. Name of the No. Deity Articles in Hands Vehicle 1. Bhairayi Lotus : Shield Dog Sword : Human Head 2. Mahesvari Trident : Cobra'. Bull Varada Mudra : Bijora 3. Kaumari Shakti : Cock Peacock Varada Mudra! Kalash 4, Mara hi Mace s Indistinct Indistinct Varada Mudra : Bell 5. Brahmani Lotus : Ladle Swan Varada Mudra : Kalash 6. Nrsimhi Sword : Shield Placed on her Breast : Cup Nil 7. Aindri Thunderbolt: Goad Elephant Varada Mudra : 'Kalash 8. Vaishnavi Mace : Disc Garuda Lotus : Conch 9. Chamunda Trident : Khatvanga in bent of arm Dagger : Cup Human Corpse STR'IY IMAGES OF THE MATRIKAS Besides the sculptural representation of the Matrikas in one panel or in one set, several stray imager, representing various forms of the Matrikas are also found from the region under study. These images, not only represent various forms hut also different nomenclatures for the Goddesses, Their attributes are not found stereotyped, hence they create different forms.

26 : 448 : It is also noted that such forms have their root basis in the forms of their male counterparts. It indicates that the artists of the region do not seem to have adhered either to the attributes or to the nomenclatures of the Matrikas. Stray, images of all the Matrikas and more than hundred and eight are found in. the area under study. To describe them systematically and In details, the tabular formate is used. The attributes, vehicles, nomenclatures if any, forms and other details of the images, are described under the different groups of the Matrikas, in the forthcoming charts.

27 r. Find spot and Location 2 Number of hands' Attributes shorn in the,, hands of the' deity Vehicle Posture Number if illustrated. 4 7 Remarks. 8 BRAHMANI On the1parapet of the Hast! Mata temple,; Udaipur Vrushabhdevji temple. Chittor Fort.lain temple,near Kirtistamhha., Chittor Fort.1.. Kumbhashyam temple, o Chittor Fort Jawar Mata temple, jawar - Toran Bavadi,Udaipur. Museum of Archaeology, Udaipuf, Golera Jain temple, Kumbhalgarh. Vijayastambha, Eight storey, Chittor ^ ort.» OMJ Lola MudrasBaby Swam; -in Dvibanga pose La&leiBook V arada Mudra:Kal ash Seated in Fig, 14 The name 'Devi* Brah Ardhapar- mani is inscribed yajhka below the image, asana «Lal&lesSadk Varada * Aksamala skalash Swan, 1 - The name 'Devi Kshatasangha BrahmanI? is inscribed below the image. LadlejBook V arada-f Aksamala :Kal ash Swam: Standing. - in Dvibhanga pose Not found Seated in ~ yanka asana LadlesBook LotussKalash Swan Standing in Dvibhanga pose.so ok; Lotus Varada+Aksamala -skalash Swan Lotus SpiralsBookC?) Varada-r-Aks amslas Ksl ash tr B Fig,15 The name'brahmani1 is inscribed below ** the image. Her lower right hand and upper

28 12.. varkadhish tem ple, D elw ara, n e a r Abu. 13. D ilap id ated, tem p le, n e a r B aghela Tank, Nagada 14. D ila p id a te d tem ple, lo c a te d between th e Jaw ar Mata tem ple and C harbhuja tem ple in ja w a r. 25. Compound o f th e V as th an tegiple in V astha-. n j i, n e a r Abu, MA.h~E5y.ARI. 16, On th e p a ra p e t o f th e H ast! Mata tem ple, U daipur 17. R atnesw ar Mahadev tem p le, C h itto r Fort: 18. lin ji tem ple, E k lin g ji 9. = 0. Sam adhiswar Malia dev tem p le,,c h itto r F o rt ~i. E k lin g ji tem p le. S k iin g j i, 2, C.ircua am bulatory pas s ag e, Kumbhashyam tem pi e,,c h itto r 5 o r t.3. B a ra d a ri 1, s e c.9, W avchauki,r ajnagar LotussBook V ara da M udraskalash L ad le :L o tu s V arada M udraskalash Wot found S eated in Ardhaparyanka asana L o st» (L o a t);l o tu s Varada i ~:%Ks la s h +Aksamala Swan. r - A. L otussl adle Varada+Aksamala:K alash Wot found S tanding in Dvibhanga pose Two.o la MudrasBaby B u ll Standing in Dvibhanga pose,.. TridexitsC obra V arada*a ksam ala: K alash B u ll Not found v':h-- T rid en t:c o b ra Y arada+aksam alaik alash (Damaged) T rid e n t: Cobra V arada+a ksam ala:k alash Cobra:Aksam ala S h ak ti :K a ti H asta S eated in Fig.,16 Ardhaparyanka asana" m - Dvibhanga pose T rid e n t: Khatvanga B u ll Human Heads. Abhaya Mudra S eated in - Ardhaparyanka u The nam e*chandravali i s in s c rib e d below th e im age.

29 4. Templet located in the compound of the. C harb.hu j a temple, Jawar 5. Adbhootnath temple,, Chittor Port 69 M.B.College Museum, Udaipur 7, Aaba.ii temple, Jagat, 8 f P a rshvana tn temple, Chittor Fort 9* Parshvanath temple, Ayad, near Udaipur 0» Shringar Chauri, Chittor Port,. Tridentj-Staff coil- Bull ed with snake Varada+Aksaaala:Kalash Standing in Dvibhanga pose Trident:Khatvanga 'Varada Mudra:Kalash Bull Trident:Khatvanga Abhaya Mudra: Bijora Bull Seated in Ardhaparyanka a sana Trident:C obra (LostJ ;Bijora Indistinct! Tridentg Cobra 'Varada Mudra i;b i.1 ora Not found Standing in Dvibhanga pose (Lost)sCobra (Lost):Baby Trident.: Cob ra Lo st %Yats alya Mudra and placed on the head of Ganapati, 8 One image with the name Chandraduti^is found in the Saptramatrika panel from the Kumbhashyam tempie Chittor Fort,She helds 7 arada+aksam-ala, Trident, Cobra and Bijora in hands,. So this image from Jagat perhaps represents the form of Chandraduti. Fig do* Usually in the representation of Matrikas, the, baby is found depicted. But, here, Ganapati is substitut for. the child. This i in one way,.unique image representing th Mother aspect of Mahe svarl. '

30 o * Temple located between Bklingji and Nagada 39. Vijayastambha,,. eighth storey, C.hitter Fort 38. Charbhu.ja temple, TJdalsagar 37, Ambaj.i templq^jagat, Pour 36. Ra tries war Mahadev temple,cbj.ttor Fort* jtnoj VA1SHHAVI 35 *.Ambika temple, jagat. <inoj- "e'ettmeq.' *y ncty ^eaeapeq ( \ 33.* Mahav.tr*a-swami temple, Ayad 32*. Hi pa Ka Mandir, Chittor Fort 'p3ii\r *at-dub^. q-^.subaqsg^j *p Two I W M W l f' I.«*»*» *«>+ W Peacock Seated in Ardhaparyanka as ana ShaktiiCock V a rada-!- Aks amala; Kelas h Hot found M ShaktlsC-cck ara&a+aksam alai(lost) Peacock 0 Shskt.i:Cock Yarada-i-Aksamala:B i j ora t Peacock...Standing in Dvibl pose AksamalaiCoeg placed Hot found; Seated in onshakti- Padmasana Yarada Mudra sbi$.ora('?) (damaged) Mace jdisc ada+lctusigonch Garuda Seated in Ardhaparyanka as ana it "" $, «**»»** W «* <w» i ^ w n t:,51 Hot found ft Mace(? ) B r okeni 0 i sc (?) Broken Lotus(Broken::Conch tng in Dyibhanga pose Maoe:C onch V arada+lotys:disc Garuda. It is interesting to note that.severs images of Vaishnavi Si-STd it i different' forms of Vishnu* are found i the area under stud The name is inscribed below the image*

31 , Jawar Mata temple,, j awar 43, Ratneswar Mahadev temple,chittqr lap* 51, Toran Bavaat,Udaipur Pour Mace:Bell ii IHVHVA ib&ej?' ^excjyiaij. -fcsqmy *2t Pour DiscjMace V arada+lotus:c onch Garuda Seated in - Ardhaparyanka asana on flying Garuda Mace:Disc Varada+Aksamala:Conch Garuda Seated in Fig,20 Ardhaparyanka asana Disc?Geneh Varada+Botns smace 44; Temple located between Ekling.ji and Nagada. Mottfound;Standing in Dvibhanga pose 45. Baradari 1* sec*9> Haucbauki?F-a,d Jagar Mace: Lotus. Disc:Conch(?) Seated in Ardhaparyanka asana 46* Temple located between Eklingji and Naga&a ConchsLotus DistEMace Garuda Standing in - Dvibhanga pose. Samadhiswar Mahadev temple., Chittor Port itour Conch:Lotus MacetDisc Disc ilotus. Mace: (Lost) ("Broken) Garuda Lest '9. Toran Bavadi,-Udaipur Conch;: Disc Varada MudrajMace : found Seated in Ardhaparyanka asana. 0; State Museum?Mt,Abu Mace: Disc Lower two hands are engaged in fondling a child seated on her

32 52t Madavaji temple,, Madavaji,. near Abu 53. Vindhyavaslni temple, Ekling-] Museum of Archaeology, Udaipur AINDRI or INDRAH1 55,. M.B.College Museum, Udaipur Two 56. Museum of Archaeology, Udaipur (Image from jagat) Two 57. Mira Ka Mandir, Ay ad Two 58 i State Museum,Mt. Abut 59. V fj ayastambha,fifth Storey,Chittor Fort 60. Eklingji temple, Eklingji Bagger: Cup Not fouh Varada Mudra:Bijora(?) Seated in Ardhaparyanka pose Mace:Disc Lost Varada+Mudra:C onch Standing.in DrfbbBnga pose C ho writ?)usqbost) Buffalo Maces engaged in fondling a child seated on her left lap Seated in. Fig. 22 Ardhaparyanka - a sana Thunderbolt:left'hand Not found Seated in is supporting a baby seated pn her left lap Ardhaparyanka a ssna Standing in Dvibhanga pose Fig 23 Kati Hastas-Thunderbolt Elephant (Lost)sThunderbolt Elephant, Seated in Lower right handlower left Ardhaparyanka is supporting hand is su- asana a baby seated pporting a on her right baby seated on her left lap -Two babies, one seate.on her right lap and another on her left lap, are depicted in this sculptural representation of Aindri, LotusjLotus Aksamala :Kalash or Bijora Lotus:Goad Varada-*-Aksamala: Kalash -Seated in Ardhaparyanka 'asana Not found Standing in Dvibhanga The name 'Ainclrl!< is inscribed below the image. A

33 61, Samadhiswar Mahadev temple, Chittor Fort 62.» 63. Dilapidated temple, Near Baghela Tank, Nagada 64. Mira Ka Mandir, Chittor Fort. 65s- Jawar Mata temple, Jawar* 66. Parshvanath temple, Ranakpur 67t Mira Ka Mandir, Chittor Fort 6S. Toran Bavadi,Udaipur S9v Museum of Archaeology, Udaipur CHAMUNDA 70. Mira Ka- Mandir, Ayad GoadsThunderbolt Varada+Aksamala:Kalash GoadjThunderbolt Varada+A Mudra"'.sKalash GoadsShakti Varada+Aks amala:res ting on knee Thunderbolt:Goad V arada+aks amala ;Bijora " Thunderbolt:Goad Varada Mudra : Bijora Hammer;Goad Varada^ksamala smace Trident sshakti Resting on her ;Resting on right leg, knee and supporting a child seated on her left DamaruiKati Hasta and with Khatvanga in bent of arm it Not found Seated in Fig.24 A r-cihap 3 ry an ka as ana Elephant Standing in Dvibhanga pose- Not found-- Seated in A rdhaparyanka as ana Elephant 15 " Standing in Dvibhanga pose " Standing in Samabhanga. pose Notf; founds eat ed in A rclhai) a ry anka as ana Elephant Seated in Pig.,25 Ardhapa ryanka 3,s sn s Not found Standing in Dvibhanga pose Here, she is-port- - rayed as a beautiful layd. Her face, left arm and article in left hand are partly damaged. She has round breasts. -

34 8 1-r Dilapidated temping' near the Baghela Tank, Nagada 2-7 In the Garden of the State Museum, Mt.Abu 5. Mahasatiyan,. Ayad. 4r Charbhuja temple, Udaisagar 5t Ratneswar Mahadev temple, Chittor Fort f6. On the exterior of the Vijayastambha, Chittor Fort 7. Ambaji temple, Jagat w 8. Mahavirswami 'temple, Trident; (Lost) Ayad Engaged in ;Kham>a OMJ, Resting on;resting on thigh knee Not found Seated in Paryankasana Fig. 27 Badly mutilated,. She is terrific in appearance, and wit withered belly and pendant breasts. All these features help in identifying her as Chamunda. Image of Chamunda without articles in hands,is really a rare specimen. Trident:Lajja Mudra with, Khatvanga'in bent of arm Dagger;Khapper Dog and Human corpse Seated in Paryankasana TridentjLajja Mudra ^n Bijora(?);Khatvanga n Human corpse Seated in Ardhaparyanka asana Here, she is represented as fatty and impressive layd. Generally, this features are not found in the case of Chamu nda. Fig 28 She represents here traditional features Cup with staff;lajja Mudra " in the bent of with Khatv~ arm anga in bent of aria ClubiKhappar Standing in Fig,29 Badly mutilated. Dyibhanga pose Trident;Khatvanga " Dagger;Bijora Seated in P ardyanka sun a

35 79. Chamunda Mata temple,, Ekllngji 80..Sabha Mandap, Ambaji temple, Jagat. 81. Templet near the Ambaji temple,jagat Six 82. Mahasatiyan,Ayad Six 83, In the Garden of the State Museum, Mt.Abu* Six 84t Gangodbhav temple, opp.bajrang Vyayam Shala,AyadjUdaipur Six 85. -templet, the Samadhiswar Mahadev Chittor Fort. to Six T rident;khatvanga Varada Mudra;] Not found Seated in Pamyankasana BelljKhappar Varada Mudra:Human Head Trident :Lajja Jludra Human ^ Seated in (Khatvanga corpse in bent of arm). Dagger; Khapper Varada Mudra;(Lost) Trident :LajJa Mudra n (Khatvanga in bent of arm) Lost: Human Head Varada+Aksa*:Khappar mala LostiLajja Mudra Human in bent of arm). Lost;Human Head Lotus;Lost Cobra in upper two arms Tridentslajja Mudra (Khatvanga in'bent of arm) Dagger;Khapper Human corpse and Bog Cobra in upper two arras Not found 1 (Lost) jlajja Mudra (Khatvanga in bent of armjj (Lost)sKhappar Fig..30

36 : 458 In the store of the 431, Chittor Fort. Six, Adbhodtnath temple, Eight - Chittor Fort. Nanbateswar Mahddev Eight tempi e, Eklingj i. Templet near the Eight Devika MandirjEklingjl.. 0. Mahasatiyam,Ayad Eight 1. Ktambhashyam temple, Eight Chittor Fort 4 8 HomiKhappar Damaged Seated in Fig, 31 (Lost):Lajja Mudra (Indistinct)Ardhaparyanka (Khatvanga as ana in bent of arm) (Lost):Indistinct She is represented here with fatty belly, round breasts and wit impressive features. Cobra in upper two arms Damaru: Khatvanga Bo w; La j 3 a( N ritta ) Mudra Dagger:(Lost) (Trident in bent of arm) Not found Standing Fig.32 Her pose and features indicate,,that, this be a form of. might Mri11 a Chamunda. Lower part of the ima is badly damaged. Damaru:Cobra by tail DaggersLajja Mudra Trident:Khatvanga (Lost):Khappar Human Seated in corpse Paryankasana Cobra in upper two arms DamarusLajja Mudra Dagger:Khatvanga T rident:khappar Not found Cobra in upper two hands Trident :Laj ja Mudra (Khatvanga in bent of arm) DamaruLHuman Head Dagger:Khappar Human. corpse and Dog H n Damaru:Lajja Mudra Trident:Khappar CupiKhatvanga DaggersHuman Head Human corpse Seated in Paryankasana (?)Look like standing in Atibhanga Fig.33 N ratt&. C hamunda

37 : C o u rty ard, Ambaj i tem p le, ja g a t 4. D evasthanji,m t,a bu R ig h t hand s id o f th e E ig h t en tran ce to th e Main Sanctuary,A m baji tem p le, J a g a t 6. Sabha Mandap, Amba.ji te m p le,ja g a t 7. Kukadeswar Mahadev te m p le,c h itto r F o rt E ig h t D am aru:lajja Mudra (Khatvanga in b e n t o f arm) T rid e n t: Khatvanga V arada Hudra: Khappar Dagger:Human Head E ig h t T rid e n t :L a jja Mudra D agger:k happar. ( L o s t) :Khatvanga (Lost);Hum an Head T rid e n t:khatvanga Damaru:Abhaya Mudra Sword:Human Head V aradd M udra:khappar E ig h t T rid e n t: Khatvanga *' Damaru:Abhaya Mudra Sword:Human Head Varada Mudra: (L o st) Ten C obra:c obra( damaged)- Dog Hand p la c e d :L o st on her. head CupsM ilking h er own b r e a s t Sw ord(broken): Khatvanga ( broken) Bell:Human Head 8. M ahasatiyan, Ayad Ten Cobra in upper two hands Damaru T hunderbolt T rid e n t Dagger Horn L a jja Mudra Khatvanga M ilking h er Human S eated in co rp se and Paryankasana Dog ( one on each s id e ) Human co rp se Dog and Human co rp se Standing in N r i t t a p o se(?) Not found S eated in Paryankasana U ii it ig.3 4 P a r tly damaged, Her pose in d ic a te s th a t t h i s m ight be a form o f N r itta Chamunda,

38 B a ttle -a x e T hunderbolt Arrow Sword B ijo ra Varada +Aksamala Khatvanga Noose BosiplY Conch Bow Abhaya Mudra 0 4. V ijayastam bha,s eventh s to re y, C h itto r Ferot E ig h teen G oad:shield T rid e n t: Cobra Thunderbolt ^Thunderbolt 0 3. Circum am bulatory passage Kumbhashyam tem ple, C h itto r F o rt T rid e n t s Khatvanga Cobra: Khapp a r 02.Ambaji te m p le,ja g a t T ridentsk hatvanga V arada: B ijo ra +Aksamala MAHAKALI 0 1.Gangodbhav, Ayad Twelve Cobra in upper two arms Damaru:Horn T rid e n t:l a jja Mudra ( Khatvanga in b en t o f arm) S h ak tism irro r D aggersfl ost) C L ost)%(l o st) Varada:Human Head Mudra E k lin g ji QO.Amreswar Mahaclev tem ple Twelve Cobra in upper two arms Main tem ple Campus, Damaru C & d istin ct) Dagger T rid e n tsl o st L a jja Mudra Khatvanga Khappar I iro «ii i i iii i i i ii i i i» i i iuj i ii i ii i i l4" i ii i i i ii i i i -p- <j\ o Lion S tandih a m Dvibhanga nose S eated in A rd.hapa ry an k a sana F ig.33 The name JM ahakalir 3 i s in s c rib e d below th e image*. S eated in Ardhaparyanka ssana The image o f Ma ha k a li' i s in clu d ed in th e panel o f A stam atrika found, from Nagada re g io n. Not fo u n d ; Semi stan d ing p o s itio n iul I I i I { ICTY I! i E I ( f!s ( 1 f-j i E EI I i ICO'i i i i i i i! I I i I f! I i S I! I i! I I I

39 461 AMBIKA 0 7.s amadhiswar Mahadey te m p le,u h itto r F o rt OS.Museum o f A rchaeology, Pour U daipur L tu s:l o tu s (L o st)s Holding a baby on h e r w aist L otus?l otus T h u n d erb o lt:s u p p o rtin g a baby s i t t i n g on h e r la p. og S eated in Ardhaparyanka asana Lion S tanding in Dvibhanga pose Not found S eated in Ardhaparyanka asana The image o f Arabika i in clu d ed in th e p an el o f S ap tam atrik a from S k iin g ji, however, Ambika g e n e ra lly, i s n o t co n sid ered as e s tin g to n o te h ere M s trik a,. I t is i n t e r t h a t in t h i s image, s i s shown h o ld in g a ba baby. The a t t r i b u t e s found in th e upper two arms are resem ble w ith th o se found in th e image d e sc rib e d again S r.n o.lo 4. a Ob.Ambaji tem ple,. Ja g a t B am aru:shield Sword:Human Head

40 : 462 : REFERENCES : 1. Kar, Chintamoni, Classical Indian Sculpture, London, 1950, p Rig-Veda, 9/102/4; also see Agrawala,V.S., Devi Mahatmya, Preface III* 3. Banerjea, J.B., DHI, p Ibid., p.504* 5. Rao,T.A.G., EHI,I/II pp ; Varaha Purana, Ch.27; Matsya Purana, 179/2-9; Shivamana Purana-Rudra Samhita,V/ 44-49, Adh.; Markandeya Purana, ch Suprabhedagama, See EHI, I/II, appendix, p.l EHI, I/II p Ibid., p Bruhatsamhita, 57/ Vishnudharmottara Purana, III/ Markandeya Purana, 88/ EHI,I/II, pp, Agni Purana, 50/18-23* 14. Amshumadbhedagama, 46/67-68, 15. Shilparatna, 11/24/ Aparajitapruccha,223/ Rupamandana, 5/63-72* 18. Manasara,54/63-64, Rupavatara, 8/62-75.

41 : 463 : 20. I am Indebt to Prof, Dr.A.R.G.Tiwari for this information. 21i Matsya Purana, 261/ Rupamandana., 5/ Aparajitapruccha,223/ Amshumadbhedagama,46/70 see EHI,I/II, appendix,p Shilparatna, 11/24/ Aparajitapruccha, 223/12, 27. Rupavatara,8/ Rupamandana, 5/ Matsya Purana, 261/ Amshumadbhedagama, 46/72, see EBI,I/II, appendix,p.l Shilparatna,11/24/ Manasara,54/79-80, 33. Aparajitapruccha,223/ Rupamandana,,5/ Rupavatara, 8/ Matsya Purana,261/ Rupamandana,5/ Shilparatna,11/24/ Manasara,54/ Aparajitapruccha,223/21, 41. Rupavatara,8/ Matsya Purana, 261/ Vishnudharmottara Purana; see EHI,I/II, appendix,p Amshumadbhedagama,See EHI, I/II, app.p.147.

42 : 464 : 45. Shllparatna, 11/24/ Aparajitapruccha, 223/ Manasara, 54/ Rupamandana, 6/65, 49. Rupavatara, 8/ Matsya.Purana, 261/ Rupamandana, 5/ Vishnudharmottara Purana, see EHI,I/II app.p Amshumadbhedagama, see EHI,I/II, app.p.149, 54. Shilparatna,11/24/ Manasara,54/ Aparajitapruccha r 223/ Rupavatara,8/ Matsya Purana,261/ Vishnudharmottara Purana, see EHI,I/II, app,p Amshumadbhedagama,see EHI,I/II app.p Shilparatna, 11/24/ Manasara,54/75-76, 63. Aparajitapruccha,223/ Rupamandana, 5/ Rupavatara., 8/67-68, 66. Matsya Purana,261/ Rupamandana,, 5/ Vishnudharmottara Purana, see EHI,I/II, app.p Amshumadbhedagama,see EHI,I/II,app.p.153.

43 : 465 : 70. Shilparatna,II/24/ Ibid.,11/24/ Aparajitapruccha,223/ Rupavatara, 8/71* 74. Markande3),a Purana, Devi mahatmya, Ch,85,86,87 and Ibid., Ch.88.; also see Saraswati, Hariharanda Swami, JISOA, Vol.XIII,pp Agni Purana,50/21-22; 50/30-37; Matsya Purana,261/33-37; for Amshumadbhedagama, Purvakaranogama and Vishnudharmottara Purana, see EHI,l/II.app.pp,151-52; Ruparaandana, 5/ Agni Purana, 50/ Matsya Purana,261/ Vishnudharmottara Purana, see EHI,I/II, app.p Amshumadbhedagama, see EHC,1/11, app.pp * 81. Shilparatna, 11/24/ Aparajitaprucoha?223/15, 83. Rupavatara, 8/72-74, 84. Rupamandaha,5/ Ibid.., 5/72, 86. I am indebt to Prof. Dr.R,N,Mehta for this valuable information and hint, 87. Agni Purana, 50/41-42, 88. Rupavatara, 8/62-75.