Damascus: the Street Called Straight and the Umayyad Mosque

Transcription

1 Syria April 2007

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5 Damascus: the Street Called Straight and the Umayyad Mosque

6 the Umayyad Mosque the Treasury; the shrine with the heart and lungs of John the Baptist

7 Resafe Photo Horst Fiedler Sena Lobo

8 Resafe, from the north

9 Resafe: aerial view from the north-east Krautheimer, Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture, pl 96

10 Resafe, north gate, c AD 500 reconstruction & detail view Peter Bamm, The Kingdoms of Christ: the Story of the Early Church (London 1959), p 79

11 Resafe plan view inside the north wall Soubhi Saouaf, Six Tours in the Vicinity of Aleppo (Aleppo 1957), fig 93

12 Martyrium or tetraconch church, Resafe, before 553 view from the east & plan Soubhi Saouaf, Six Tours in the Vicinity of Aleppo (Aleppo 1957), fig 93

13 martyrium church, Resafe interior view of the apse with vestigial synthronon & cathedra

14 martyrium church, Resafe nave seen through south conch

15 tetraconch plans Martyrium, Resafe, before 553. Audience hall or library in Hadrian's Stoa, Athens, early C5th. San Lorenzo Maggiore, Milan, c 460. Krautheimer, Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture p 188. MacDonald, Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture, pls 38, 37

16 Shaqqa Southern Syria

17 Secular Basilica at Shaqqa, AD C2nd view & reconstruction by De Vogüé & Duthost Robertson, Greek and Roman Architecture, p 238

18 Secular Basilica at Shaqqa plan & cross-section H C Butler, Early Churches in Syria (Princeton [New Jersey]), pp 16, 17

19 Palace complex, Shaqqa,. AD C2nd: west or entrance front

20 Palace, Shaqqa corner span in first court

21 Palace, Shaqqa: first hall

22 Palace, Shaqqa the bluestone slab roofing system

23 fortified house, Shaqqa doorway of?mausoleum

24 fortified house, Shaqqa mausoleum door & pintle detail

25 Bosra Southern Syria

26 the Roman theatre, Bosra

27 the Nabatean Gate, Bosra

28 Capital from the Nabatean Gate, Bosra

29 cloister vault of the Military Baths, Bosra

30 an inscribed tetraconch Cathedral at Bosra, Syria, 512 nave, lookig east

31 Cathedral at Bosra plan & reconstruction view Crowfoot, Churches at Bosra and Samaria-[?Seraste] detail of the south wall (marked orange on plan)

32 Cathedral at Bosra existing plan previous plan possible original plan

33 St George, Ezraa, Syria, c 515 south-west view apse interior

34 St George, Ezraa plan & section Cecil Stewart, Early Christian, Byzantine and Romanesque Architecture (London 1954 [1905/8]), p 63, after De Vogué

35 St George, Ezraa roofing of the ambulatory

36 Madreseh Halawaya, Aleppo

37 the remains of a possible C5th martyrium church, later the Cathedral of St Helen, incorporated in the Madreseh Halawaya, Aleppo reconstruction plan from S Guyer, 'La Madrasa al-halâwiyya Alep', Bulletin de l'institut Français d'archéologie Orientale de Caire, XI, sketch plan of existing structures

38 detail of the Madreseh Halawaya, Aleppo

39 wind-blown capitals the Madreseh Halaweyeh, Aleppo Qalat Siman, c H Demetrios, Salonika, Krautheimer, Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture, pl 45 B Stewart, Early Christian, Byzantine and Romanesque Architecture, p 56

40 crusader castles the citadel, Aleppo Krak des Chevaliers

41 Citadel, Aleppo, Syria, mainly late C12th, superstructure mainly 1292, outer walls rebuilt C16th

42 Citadel, Aleppo: plan and section Stierlin, Islam, I, p 208

43 Citadel, Aleppo the barbican or bretesse

44 Krak des Chevaliers, or Qal'at el Hosn, mainly early C13th

45 Krak des Chevaliers: west wall, looking south

46 Krak des Chevaliers: bastion of the west wall, showing machicolation

47 Krak des Chevaliers: south wall & detail of garderobe

48 Krak des Chevaliers: detail at the entrance (?C16th Arab work)

49 Krak des Chevaliers plan the lower ramp Toy, Castles: a Short History of Fortifications

50 Krak des Chevaliers the cistern the inner walls

51 Krak des Chevaliers: the upper ramp

52 Krak des Chevaliers, storeroom adjoining the Great Hall

53 Krak des Chevaliers the Great Hall, mid-c13th view & detail of foliated console

54 crusader castles the citadel, Aleppo Krak des Chevaliers

55 Citadel, Aleppo: plan and section Stierlin, Islam, I, p 208

56 Citadel, Aleppo the barbican or bretesse

57 Krak des Chevaliers, or Qal'at el Hosn, mainly early C13th

58 Krak des Chevaliers: west wall, looking south

59 Krak des Chevaliers: bastion of the west wall, showing machicolation

60 Krak des Chevaliers: south wall & detail of garderobe

61 Krak des Chevaliers: detail at the entrance (?C16th Arab work)

62 Krak des Chevaliers plan the lower ramp Toy, Castles: a Short History of Fortifications

63 Krak des Chevaliers the cistern the inner walls

64 Krak des Chevaliers: the upper ramp

65 Krak des Chevaliers, storeroom adjoining the Great Hall

66 Krak des Chevaliers the Great Hall, mid-c13th view & detail of foliated console

67 Krak des Chevaliers portico adjoining the Great Hall

68 Krak des Chevaliers the Chapel, C12th view & detail of surviving decoration

69 Krak des Chevaliers upper part of the south tower; filled moat from above

70 Krak des Chevaliers view from the tower across the inner court

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