UNIT 3. Christian and Islamic Traditions and Art

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1 UNIT 3 Christian and Islamic Traditions and Art

2 EARLY CHRISTIAN IMAGERY Emperor Constantine I (The Great) r CE Relationship with Christianity The Civil Wars As Emperor Edict of Milan (313 CE) Constantinople (c.320s) Chi Roh

3 EARLY CHRISTIAN IMAGERY Christian Art Before Constantine Chi Roh Relationship with Christianity The Civil Wars As Emperor Edict of Milan (313 CE) Constantinople (c.320s)

4 EARLY CHRISTIAN IMAGERY Christian Art Before Constantine Chi Roh In Groups of 3-4 find examples of Christian art before Constantine That is pre-edict of Milan (313 CE) Relationship with Christianity?

5 EARLY CHRISTIAN IMAGERY: ROMAN ROOTS Notice the crown Sol Invictus Unconquered Sun Arch of Constantine CE Coin of Aurelian c. 270s CE

6 The Attic of Constantine s Arch 315 CE

7 The Attic of Constantine s Arch 315 CE To the Emperor Caesar Flavius Constantinus, the greatest, pious, and blessed Augustus: because he, inspired by the divine, and by the greatness of his mind, has delivered the state from the tyrant and all of his followers at the same time, with his army and just force of arms, the Senate and People of Rome have dedicated this arch, decorated with triumphs. Sol Invictus imagery used until 320s CE

8 Disc of Sol Invictus c. 200s CE Repousse Silver

9 EARLY CHRISTIAN IMAGERY Continued use of Greco-Roman Imagery Sarcophagi Images and storytelling Christian storytelling through imagery = clear, simple, descriptive Becomes more simplistic with time Images have a clear, sacred aim in early Christian Art Christian Example Church of S. Maria Antiqua c. 300s CE

10 CHRISTIAN SYMBOLISM, ROMAN METHODS Jonah and the Whale The Muse The Poet The Good Shepherd John the Baptist

11 Catacombs EARLY CHRISTIAN IMAGERY Underground Cemeteries Catacombs of Priscilla c. late 100s-300s CE Christ as the Good Shepherd Other ancient examples? Anyone Know This Reference?

12 GRECO-ROMAN IMAGERY Representation of Christ Good Shepherd

13 THE MIRACLE OF THE LOAVES AND THE FISHES Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo. Ravenna, Italy c. 500 CE Color of the Robe?

14 EARLY CHRISTIAN IMAGERY Light in Christian Art Light as a Christian motif Gold Backgrounds and reflective surfaces Apse of Monreale Cathedral, Sicily c. 1200s CE

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16 Light in Christian Art Light as a Christian motif EARLY CHRISTIAN IMAGERY Deesis Mosaic Hagia Sophia, Istanbul (Constantinople), Turkey c. 1200s CE

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18 JUSTINIAN AND THE BYZANTINE STYLE The Byzantine Empire and Justinian

19 JUSTINIAN AND THE BYZANTINE STYLE The Byzantine Empire and Justinian

20 JUSTINIAN AND THE BYZANTINE STYLE The Byzantine Empire and Justinian Basilica of San Vitale. Ravenna, Italy 547 CE

21 JUSTINIAN AND THE BYZANTINE STYLE The Byzantine Empire and Justinian Basilica of San Vitale. Ravenna, Italy 547 CE Apse mosaic

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23 JUSTINIAN AND THE BYZANTINE STYLE The Byzantine Empire and Justinian Basilica of San Vitale. Ravenna, Italy 547 CE Apse mosaic Justinian and Theodora

24 Pull info from the image.

25 JUSTINIAN AND THE BYZANTINE STYLE The Byzantine Empire and Justinian Basilica of San Vitale. Ravenna, Italy 547 CE Apse mosaic Justinian and his court Essential Characteristics Halo Color of Robe Greco-Roman elements Symbols and symbolism Placement of individuals and groups Archbishop Maximian

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27 JUSTINIAN AND THE BYZANTINE STYLE The Byzantine Empire and Justinian Basilica of San Vitale. Ravenna, Italy 547 CE Apse mosaic Theodora and her court Essential Characteristics Halo Color of Robe Greco-Roman elements Symbols and symbolism Placement of individuals and groups Conceptual representation of objects rather than naturalistic representation? Use of perspective?

28 JUSTINIAN AND THE BYZANTINE STYLE Patronage and the arts

29 Patronage, imagery, and storytelling in art. Location of the narrative? What is the narrative?

30 Realistic space vs. spiritual space Hierarchy of figures? She is further back In space Status of Theodora?

31 Reflects structured nature of Byzantine society. State-sponsored art Why is the emperor and court in spiritual space?

32 EARLY CHRISTIAN/BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE Hagia Sophia Centrally planned church Hagia Sophia, Istanbul (Constantinople) Turkey, 537 CE

33 AFTER THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE Cultural/Political Division

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