Schola Antiqua of Chicago. Michael Alan Anderson, Artistic Director. Special Guest: Roger S. Wieck, The Morgan Library & Museum

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1 MUSIC OF THE HOURS Schola Antiqua of Chicago Michael Alan Anderson, Artistic Director Special Guest: Roger S. Wieck, The Morgan Library & Museum The Belgian scholar L.M. Delaissé called the Book of Hours "the late medieval best-seller, and the characterization has persisted as a way of describing the unusually high rate of survival of these devotional manuals for the laity. Art historians have been drawn to these books for their magnificent illuminations, and this program in part offers a guided tour of the fascinating artwork that one encounters in these books of devotion. The projected images are taken from the outstanding collection of Books of Hours housed at The Morgan Library & Museum and presented by the library s Curator of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts, Roger S. Wieck. Music also takes center stage in this special presentation. Specifically, the visual highlights of these manuscripts will be accompanied by music set to texts commonly found in Books of Hours. Although Books of Hours do not feature musical notation, they indisputably make reference to copious musical works (mostly plainchant). The core of the book the celebration of the Little Office of the Virgin Mary is a collection of texts modeled on the music sung in monasteries, from psalms and antiphons to versicles and responsories. Even scripture readings (lections) that are recopied in the Hours were to be sung in the liturgy. Other complete liturgies are detailed in the Hours, including those for the Mass for the Dead and Offices for the Cross and for the Holy Spirit. The texts of some choral motets by Renaissance composers can directly be traced to sections of short sanctoral prayers in Books of Hours known as suffrages. It is our hope that this unique exhibition brings the visual and aural realms together harmoniously to produce window into late-medieval lay piety, particularly among the nobility, who could afford this unparalleled quality of art and music at court. PROGRAM I. Gospel readings o John 1:14 II. Hours of the Virgin o Invitatory: Ave Maria gratia plena (with Psalm 94) o Hymn: Quem terra pontus aethera (Binchois) III. Prayers to the Virgin o Obsecro te (anon., late 15th c.?) IV. Penitential Psalms o First Penitential Psalm [Psalm 6] (Lassus)

2 INTERMISSION V. Litany of the Saints VI. Accessory Texts o Stabat Mater/Comme femme desconfortée (Josquin des Prez) VII. Suffrages o Inter natos mulierum (Jean Mouton) o Celeste beneficium/adiutorium nostrum (Mouton) VIII. Office of the Dead o Qui lazarum (plainchant antiphon with Magnificat) GOSPEL READING (John 1:14) Dominus vobiscum. Et cum spiritum tuo. Sequentia sancti evangelii secundum Ioannem. Gloria tibi domine. In principio erat Verbum et Verbum erat apud Deum et Deus erat Verbum. Hoc erat in principio apud Deum. Omnia per ipsum facta sunt et sine ipso factum est nihil quod factum est. In ipso vita erat et vita erat lux hominum. Et lux in tenebris lucet et tenebrae eam non conprehenderunt. Fuit homo missus a Deo cui nomen erat Iohannes. Hic venit in testimonium ut testimonium perhiberet de lumine ut omnes crederent per illum. Non erat ille lux sed ut testimonium perhiberet de lumine. Erat lux vera quae inluminat omnem hominem venientem in mundum. In mundo erat et mundus per ipsum factus est et mundus eum non cognovit. In propria venit et sui eum non receperunt. Quotquot autem receperunt eum dedit eis potestatem filios Dei fieri his qui credunt in nomine eius. Qui non ex sanguinibus neque ex voluntate carnis neque ex voluntate viri sed ex Deo nati sunt. Et Verbum caro factum est et habitavit in nobis et vidimus gloriam eius gloriam quasi unigeniti a Patre plenum gratiae et veritatis. The Lord be with you. And with your spirit. [A reading] from the holy Gospel according to John. Glory to you, O Lord. In the beginning was the Word: and the Word was with God: and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning with God. All things were made by Him: and without Him was made nothing that was made. In Him was life: and the life was the light of all. And the light shineth in darkness: and the darkness did not comprehend it. There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. This man came for a witness, to give testimony of the light, that all men might believe through him. He was not the light, but was to give testimony of the light. That was the true light, which enlightens every man that comes into this world. He was in the world: and the world was made by Him: and the world knew Him not. He came unto his own: and his own received him not. But as many as received him, he gave them power to be made the sons of God, to them that believe in his name. Who are born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God. And the Word was made flesh and dwelt among us (and we saw his glory, the glory as it were of the only begotten of the Father), full of grace and truth. INVITATORY: Ave Maria gratia plena (with Psalm 94) Ave Maria gratia plena Dominus tecum. Venite exsultemus Dominum iubilemus Deo salutari nostro; Praeoccupemus faciem eius in confessione in psalmis iubilemus ei; Quoniam Deus magnus Dominus et rex magnus super omnes deos; quoniam non repellet Dominus plebem suam Quia in manu eius sunt omnes fines terrae et altitudines montium ipse conspicit; Hail Mary, full of grace, The Lord is with you. Come, let us exult with joy to the Lord; let us rejoice in God our salvation. Let us come before him with thanksgiving and extol him with psalms. For the Lord is the great God, a great King above all gods; for he will not spurn his people. For the ends of the earth are in his hand, and the mountain peaks belong to him.

3 Quoniam ipsius est mare et ipse fecit illud et aridam fundaverunt manus eius; Venite adoremus et procidiamus ante Deum: ploremus coram Domino qui fecit nos; Quia ipse est Dominus Deus noster, nos autem populus eius et oves pascuae eius. Hodie si vocem eius audieritis nolite obdurare corda vestra, Sicut in exacerbatione secundum diem temptationis in deserto: ubi tentaverunt me patres vestri probaverunt me et viderunt opera mea. Ave Maria... The sea is his, for he made it, and his hands formed the dry land. Come, let us bow down in worship before God let us cry aloud before the Lord who made us; For he is our Lord God, we are his people, the flock of his pasture. Today, if only you would hear his voice, do not harden your hearts, As in the provocation, according to the day of temptation in the wilderness, where your ancestors tested me; they tried me and saw my works. Hail Mary... HYMN: Quem terra pontus aethera (Binchois) Quem terra, pontus, aethera colunt, adorant, praedicant, trinam regentem machinam claustrum Mariae baiulat. Cui Luna, Sol, et omnia deserviunt per tempora, perfusa caeli gratia, gestant puellae viscera. Beata Mater, munere, cuius supernus artifex, mundum pugillo continens, ventris sub arca clausus est. Beata caeli nuntio, fecunda Sancto Spiritu, desideratus gentibus, cuius per alvum fusus est. Iesu, Tibi sit gloria, qui natus es de Virgine, cum Patre, et almo Spiritu, in sempiterna saecula. Amen. The one whom earth, and sea, and sky adore, laud, and proclaim, Ruling over the threefold scheme, the Virgin's spotless womb carries. The one whom moon, sun, and all things serve through all times, Clothed with heavenly grace, Was carried in the flesh of a girl. O blessed Mother, in whose shrine the heavenly maker, whose hand held the world, vouchsafed, as in His ark, to lie. Blessed by the divine messenger; Fertile by the Holy Spirit; desired by the peoples, he was cast in the womb. All glory be to you, O Jesus, born of the Virgin, with the Father and the nourishing Spirit, forever and ever. Amen. PRAYER TO THE VIRGIN: Obsecro Te (anon., 15th c.) Obsecro te, Domina Sancta Maria, Mater Dei, pietate plenissima, summi regis filia, Mater gloriosissima, Mater orphanorum, consolatio desolatorum, quam filius tuus unigenite coronavit. Salva me, honorificentia populi mei. I implore you, Holy Lady Mary, Mother of God, most full of piety, daughter of the highest king, most glorious Mother, Mother of orphans, consolation of the desolate, whom your only begotten son crowned. Save me, you who are the highest honor of my people. PENITENTIAL PSALM: First Penitential Psalm [Psalm 6] (Lassus) Domine, ne in furore tuo arguas me, neque in ira tua corripias me. Miserere mei, Domine, quoniam infirmus sum; O Lord, rebuke me not in your indignation, nor chastise me in your wrath. Have mercy on me, O Lord, for I am weak:

4 sana me, Domine, quoniam conturbata sunt ossa mea. Et anima mea turbata est valde, sed tu, Domine, usquequo? Convertere, Domine, eripe animam meam; salvum me fac propter misericordiam tuam. Quoniam non est in morte, qui memor sit tui, in inferno autem quis confitebitur tibi? Laboravi in gemitu meo, lavabam per singulas noctes lectum meum; lacrimis meis stratum meum rigabo. Turbatus est a maerore oculus meus, inveteravi inter omnes inimicos meos. Discedite a me omnes, qui operamini iniquitatem, quoniam exaudivit Dominus vocem fletus mei. Exaudivit Dominus deprecationem meam, Dominus orationem meam suscepit. Erubescant et conturbentur vehementer omnes inimici mei; convertantur et erubescant valde velociter. Gloria Patri et filio et spiritui sancto, Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper, et in saecula saeculorum. Amen. heal me, O Lord, for my bones are troubled. And my soul is troubled exceedingly: but you, O Lord, how long? Turn to me, O Lord, and deliver my soul: O save me for your mercy's sake. For there is no one in death, that is mindful of you: and who shall confess you in hell? I have labored in my groanings, every night I will wash my bed: I will water my couch with my tears. My eye is troubled through indignation: I have grown old amongst all my enemies. Depart from me, all you workers of iniquity: for the Lord hath heard the voice of my weeping. The Lord has heard my supplication: the Lord received my prayer. Let all my enemies be ashamed, and be very much troubled: let them be turned back, and be ashamed very speedily. Glory to the Father and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit. As it was in the beginning, is now, and shall be forever. Amen. LITANY OF THE SAINTS The Litany is a series of invocations to numerous saints made by a leader coupled with fixed interjections from the choir and congregation. Although we will not list the dozens of entities whose intercession is sought in this particular litany, some of the holy figures can be discerned from the predictable format. Litanies often accompanied by processions, and this recitation of the Litany will be performed in this way. ACCESSORY TEXTS: Stabat Mater/Comme femme desconfortée (Josquin des Prez) Stabat mater dolorosa juxta Crucem lacrimosa, dum pendebat Filius. Cuius animam gementem, contristatem et dolentem pertransivit gladius. O quam tristis et afflicta fuit illa benedicta, mater Unigeniti. Quae merebat et dolebat, Et tremebat dum videbat nati poenas incliti. Quis est homo qui non fleret, Christi matrem si videret in tanto supplicio? Quis non posset contristari Piam Matrem contemplari dolentem cum Filio? The grieving Mother stood weeping beside the cross where her Son was hanging Through her weeping soul, compassionate and grieving, a sword passed. O how sad and afflicted was that blessed Mother of the Only-begotten! Who mourned and grieved and trembled looking at the torment of her glorious child. Who is the person who would not weep seeing the Mother of Christ in such agony? Who would not be able to feel compassion on beholding Christ's Mother suffering with her Son?

5 Pro peccatis suae gentis vidit Jesum in tormentis, et flagellis subditum. Vidit suum dulcem natum morientem desolatum, dum emisit spiritum. Eia, Mater, fons amoris me sentire vim doloris fac, ut tecum lugeam. Fac, ut ardeat cor meum in amando Christum Deum ut sibi complaceam. Virgo virginum praeclara, iam mihi non sis amara, fac me tecum plangere. Fac, ut portem Christi mortem, passionis eius sortem, et plagas recolere. Fac me plagis vulnerari, Cruce hac inebriari, Ob amorem Filii. Inflammatus et accensus, per te, Virgo, sim defensus in die iudicii. Fac me cruce custodire, Morte Christi premunire Confoveri gratia. Quando corpus morietur, fac, ut animae donetur paradisi gloria. Amen. Tenor: Comme femme desconfortée... For the sins of his people she saw Jesus in torment and subjected to the scourge. She saw her sweet offspring, dying and forsaken, as He gave up his spirit. O Mother, fountain of love, make me feel the power of sorrow, that I may grieve with you Grant that my heart may burn in the love of the Lord Christ, that I may greatly please Him Chosen Virgin of virgins, do not be bitter with me, let me weep with thee. Grant that I may bear the death of Christ, the fate of his Passion, and commemorate His wounds. Let me be injured by his wounds, inebriated by the cross because of love for the Son. Inflamed and set on fire, may I be defended by you, Virgin, on the day of judgment. Let me be guarded by the cross, armed by Christ's death and His grace cherish me. When my body dies, grant that to my soul is given the glory of paradise. Amen Tenor: As a disconsolate woman... SUFFRAGE for John the Baptist: Inter natos mulierum (Jean Mouton) Inter natos mulierum non surrexit maior Iohannes Baptista, qui viam Domino preparavit in eremo. Fuit homo missus a Deo cui nomen erat Iohannes. Hic venit in testimonium, ut testimonium perhiberet de lumine, ut omnes crederent per illum. Elisabeth impletum est tempus pariendi, et peperit filium, innuebant patri eius quem vellet vocari eum. Et postulans pugillarem scripsit dicens: Iohannes est nomen Among those born of women, none has arisen greater than John the Baptist, who prepared the way for the Lord in the wilderness. A man was sent by God whose name was John. He came for a witness, to give testimony of the light, that all might believe through him. When it was time for Elizabeth to give birth, she bore a son. They made signs to his father, to say what name was to be given to him. Asking for a writing tablet, he wrote, saying: His name is

6 eius. Apertum est os Zachariae et prophetavit dicens: Benedictus Dominus Deus Israel quia visitavit et fecit redemptionem plebis suae Israel. John. The mouth of Zechariah was opened and he prophesied, saying: Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, because he has visited and wrought the redemption of His people Israel. SUFFRAGE for St. Anne: Celeste beneficium/adiutorium nostrum (Jean Mouton) Celeste beneficium introivit in Annam, Per quam nobis nata est Maria virgo. O beata Deo grata, Mater matris nati patris. Anna nos cum filia, Christo reconcilia. Adiutorium nostrum in nomine Domini Quis non confitebitur tibi? Orat, plorat, et exorat Anna sibi; Te orantes deprecamur; Fac ut cito adiuvemur Per tuam clementiam. O Renate tam beate Ludovicus clamat ad te; Audi queso vocem nostrum. A divine favor entered into Anne, Through whom the Virgin Mary was born to us. O blessed one, pleasing to God, The mother s mother, born of the father. Anne, reconcile us to Christ With your daughter. Our help is in the name of the Lord Who will not be confessed to you? Anne prays, weeps, and pleads for herself; Praying, we beseech you, act that we might quickly be helped By your clemency. O René so blessed, Louis cries out to you; I beg you: hear our call. OFFICE OF THE DEAD: Qui lazarum (plainchant antiphon with Magnificat) Qui Lazarum resuscitasti a monumentum fecidum tu eis domine dona requiem et locum indulgentie. Magnificat anima mea Dominum: Et exultavit spiritus meus in Deo salutari meo. Quia respexit humilitatem ancillae suae: ecce enim ex hoc beatam me dicent omnes generationes. Quia fecit mihi magna qui potens est: et sanctum nomen eius. Et misericordia eius a progenie in progenies timentibus eum. Fecit poténtiam in bráchio súo: dispersit superbos mente cordis sui. Deposuit potentes de sede, et exaltavit humiles. Esurientes implevit bonis: et divites dimisit inanes. Suscepit Israhel puerum suum, recordatus misericordiae suae. Sicut locutus est ad patres nostros, Abraham et semini eius in saecula. Gloria patri... You reawakened Lazarus from the foul grave. O Lord, grant them rest and a place of pardon. My soul magnifies the Lord, And my spirit rejoices in God my salvation. For he has regarded the humility of his handmaid: henceforth all generations will call me blessed. For he who is mighty has magnified me: and Holy is his name. His mercy is from age to age on those who fear him. He has shown strength in his arm: he has scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts He has put down the mighty from their seat, and lifted up the humble ones. He has filled the hungry with good things, and has turned the rich away empty. He has helped Israel his servant mindful of his mercy, As he spoke to our fathers Abraham and his seed forever. Glory to the Father... [Qui Lazarum...]

7 SINGERS Soprano: Stephanie Sheffield, Laura Lynch Alto: Tom Crawford Tenor: Matthew Dean, Andrew Fredel, Keith Murphy, Frank Villella Bass: William Chin, Jack Parton ABOUT SCHOLA ANTIQUA OF CHICAGO Schola Antiqua of Chicago is a professional vocal ensemble dedicated to the performance of music before the year An ensemble that executes the pre-modern repertory with sensitivity and style (Early Music America), Schola Antiqua takes pride in providing the highest standards of research, performance, and education involving many underserved repertories in the Western musical canon. Founded in 2000 under the artistic leadership of Professor Calvin M. Bower from the University of Notre Dame, the organization has received invitations to perform from the Indianapolis Early Music Festival, Chicago s Newberry Library, the Chicago Cultural Center, the University of Chicago, the University of Notre Dame, the American Guild of Organists, and other institutions across the Midwest. In , Schola Antiqua was Artist-in-Residence at the University of Chicago. The ensemble is currently Artist-in-Residence of the Lumen Christi Institute. Schola Antiqua has recorded the CD accompanying Theodore Karp s Introduction to the Post-Tridentine Mass Proper, (American Institute of Musicology, 2005) and in 2009 released its first independent CD, Long Joy, Brief Languor, which contains the only known recording of the Missa Quem malignus spiritus, one of the earliest cyclic masses known in Western music. The group s second album West Meets East: Sacred Music from the Torino Codex features first recordings of music from an important fifteenth-century manuscript. In October 2011, Schola Antiqua released its third commercial CD entitled The Kings of Tharsis, which contains medieval and Renaissance music from the Feast of Epiphany. Again, much of this music has never been recorded. The ensemble s commercial recordings, all issued on the Discantus label, have aired on the national broadcasts of With Heart and Voice and Millennium of Music and have received reviews in Early Music America, Fanfare, the Journal of Plainsong and Medieval Music, and Notes (Music Library Association). ABOUT THE ARTISTIC DIRECTOR Michael Alan Anderson, a founding member of Schola Antiqua of Chicago, was named the ensemble s second Artistic Director in He is Assistant Professor of Musicology at the Eastman School of Music (University of Rochester), where he specializes in devotion in late-medieval music. Anderson received a Ph.D. in the History and Theory of Music at the University of Chicago in 2008 and is completing a book on late-medieval and Renaissance music for St. Anne. His awards include the National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Stipend, the Alvin H. Johnson American Musicological Society 50 Dissertation-Year Fellowship, the Grace Frank Grant (Medieval Academy of America), the Whiting Foundation Fellowship (University of Chicago), and several travel and research grants. He has published articles in several journals including Early Music, Early Music History, Journal of Plainsong and Medieval Music, and Studi musicali. In 2010, Anderson was named a finalist in the Early Music Scholars Competition, presented by the Chalice Consort (San Francisco). He is also a member of the editorial board for the American Choral Review, a semiannual journal of Chorus America, as well as for the ninth edition of A History of Western Music (Norton & Co).

8 ABOUT OUR SPECIAL GUEST: ROGER S. WIECK Roger S. Wieck is Curator of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts at the Morgan Library & Museum; he has also held curatorial positions at the Walters Art Museum and the Houghton Library at Harvard. He is the author of The Hours of Henry VIII: A Renaissance Masterpiece by Jean Poyet (2000), Painted Prayers: The Book of Hours in Medieval and Renaissance Art (1997), Time Sanctified: The Book of Hours in Medieval Art and Life (1988), and many other books and articles on medieval manuscripts. SPECIAL THANKS * * * Schola Antiqua of Chicago wishes to thank specially the Lumen Christi Institute and Thomas Levergood for generous support of the ensemble s artistic residency. We are also indebted to Roger Wieck for accepting our invitation to share his expertise with audiences in Chicago. For their support of innumerable concert details, we would like to acknowledge Ursula Pawlowski, Matthew Dean, Elizabeth Davenport, Paul Nicholson, Gabriel Mayhugh, the staff at St. Isaac Jogues, Mary Channen Caldwell, Ellen Hargis, and David Douglass for their wide-ranging contributions. MARK YOUR CALENDARS FOR DECEMBER 7 AND 9, 2012 Schola Antiqua of Chicago returns in December 7 and 9 (2012) for a two-concert series featuring medieval and Renaissance music for Advent. The centerpiece of the program will be a full performance of a polyphonic Mass for the Immaculate Conception by Pierre de la Rue, the esteemed composer of the Habsburg-Burgundian court of the early sixteenth century. These concerts will be supplemented by other seasonal music written before the year Don t miss it!