Lingua Inglese 2A. Spoken & Written Language Introducing LSP

Transcription

1 Lingua Inglese 2A Spoken & Written Language Introducing LSP

2 Plan of the day Waiting for your class fellows to jump in Warm up: spoken language Spoken and Written Language (in-class activity) Working on Prosody Introducing Language for Specific Purposes EXTRA-CLASS WORK: Read Fixin to, Chp 22 (Technical- Scientific Languages). Fixin to: Fill-in the empty glosses on pp (T06, T07, T08, T09, L06, L08, S04, S05, S07) [in your portfolio]

3 Survey & Course registration Please, make certain that you complete this survey

4 Miss South Carolina 1. Americans inability to locate the US 2. Many Americans don t have maps 3. There must be something about US education system (7). US education should improve 5.South Africa (4). What happens in other countries? 6.Iraq 8. US education should help Asian countries

5 What if we cooperate further? Miss South Carolina 1. Americans inability to locate the US 2. Many Americans don t have maps 3. There must be something about US education system (7). US education should improve 5.South Africa (4). What happens in other countries? 6.Iraq 8. US education should help Asian countries

6 Miss South Carolina 1. Americans inability to locate the US We should change what Americans regard as prominent to their lives 2. Many Americans don t have maps Americans own few cultural concrete tools (7). US education should improve 8. US education should help 5.South Africa 3. There must be something about US education system (4). What happens in other countries? 6.Iraq Asian countries

7 In-class activity: Introductions across different situations Start a worksheet. Use the back of the Frost poem. It MUST be a small notebook size sheet (A5) On top of the page, write: LAST NAME & first name (BLOCK LETTERS, please) ID# today s date Rossi Mario signature

8 Survey & Course registration Joey: I called my producer, I told him I had a family emergency, he totally bought it. Thanks for teaching me how to lie, Phoebe. Phoebe: No problem. Next week, stealing! Monica: Bye plates! Joey: Oh, you told her you broke all the plates, huh? Monica: What?! Something happened with the plates? Joey: Uh, yeah, this raccoon came in How many people are there in the clip? What lines need bits of information to be coherent? What conveys the needed information?

9 Speaking Vs Writing In the next slides, you will look at a table with two columns: one related to writing and the other to speaking language. Very quickly, write the number of the empty cells and try to fill it in. Do not look the answers up in the text-book. In most cases they are intuitive features. You simply have to think of contradictory or opposite qualities.

10 Speaking Vs Writing: contrasting features Writing 1) Speech Speech is acquired naturally, no formal training is necessary. Writing uses the visual channel. 2) The writer and the reader deal with the text at different times. 4) 5) 3) In speech, you can usually see the face of the person in front of you and he/she can let you know if what you are saying is clear. Speech is vanishing.

11 Speaking Vs Writing: contrasting features Writing Writing is often more deliberate: this may include: the choice of vocabulary (we tend, for example, to avoid to use twice the same word in close sentences: we will look for synonyms), the distribution of the different contents, etc, 6) Speech Speech is more immediate: the speaker has limited time and memory, so her/his organization of the speech is less complex and the syntax is less articulate. Speech uses prosodic elements: pauses, intonation, rhythm, and when in presence (face-to-face), gestures and various non verbal signals.

12 Speaking Vs Writing: contrasting features Writing 7) Deictic references must be explained and described E.g.: "Clark," she said, pointing to the ugly pink and white piece of furniture. "Can you pass me that brush over there, please?" (Superman II) The underlined part of the text is not present in the scene: You need to add it to make the reader understand. Speech When you speak you cannot go back and you cannot either delete or modify what you said, you can only add new words or sentences. 8)

13 Speaking Vs Writing: a continuum Recitation of a poem Place these texts at some point of the continuum. You should consider a frequent typical use of the instance. Do not consider special uses. Letter TV news Classroom discussion Tweet Chat (on a website) A newspaper article

14 Next meeting On our next two meetings, make certain that you can access the file I will upload tonight. It is an article about prosody.

15 How would you write the biblio reference?

16 A poem by Robert Frost (Mountain Interval, 1916)

17 What is the opposite of the word that I will show you in a while? It can be used in several contexts. But focus on the meaning related to TASTE, as when describing some food.

18 sweet

19 Chances are Sour / Tart Bitter Salty / Savory

20 A logical difference Opposite A and A (minus A) Contradictory A and non A li to tes /ˈlaɪ təˌtiz, ˈlɪt ə-, laɪˈtoʊ tiz/ This paper is not bad.

21 The road not taken by Robert Frost Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that, the passing there Had worn them really about the same, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: two roads diverged in a wood, and I I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.

22 Prosody: Step 1 1) Mark with the same letter the endings of the verses that rhyme. When the rhyme changes, use another letter. Underline the rhyming syllable. (In these slides, I will do it in green) Ex.: Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood B A A

23 Result Step 1 Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that, the passing there Had worn them really about the same, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: two roads diverged in a wood, and I I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference. A B A A B C D C C D E F E E F G H G G H

24 Prosody: Step 2 2) Using a dictionary, mark in green all the stressed syllables in more-than-one syllable words. Pay attention to es, ed endings (in ages vs. leaves and in looked vs. wanted, they are pronounced differently). Pay attention to /aɪ/ /eɪ/ diphthongs, they are considered one vowel. Ex.: Two roads diverged in a yellow wood di verge [di-vurj, dahy-] /dɪˈvɜrdʒ, daɪ-/ yel low [yel -oh] /ˈyɛloʊ/ Two roads diverged in a yellow wood

25 Result Step 2 Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that, the passing there Had worn them really about the same, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: two roads diverged in a wood, and I I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the diference.

26 Prosody: Step 3 3) Look at the following two verses: And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Can you see the pattern?

27 Prosody: Step 3 3) Look at the following two verses: And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Can you see the pattern? / / / / Each underscore and each slash should be replaced by one single syllable. But metrics, especially the modern one, is not always perfect. Anyway, you can pronounce the words in a way that can make the metrics work and imagine some pauses. Read aloud and mark the monosyllables, pursuing a compromise between the pattern and the way you would normally pronounce the statements.

28 Result Step 3 Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that, the passing there Had worn them really about the same, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: two roads diverged in a wood, and I I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the diference.

29 A ballade Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; (twice) Then took the other, as just as fair And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that, the passing there Had worn them really about the same, (twice) And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. (twice) I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: two roads diverged in a wood, and I I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the diference. (twice)

30 A non-ballade Two roads -----diverged -----in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both>> And be ONE-- traveler,-- LONG I stood>> And looked down ONE-- as far as I could>> To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then-- took the other,-- as just as fair> And having perhaps-- the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as-- for that,-- the passing there>> Had worn them really about the same, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black Oh, -- I kept the first-- for another day! Yet-- knowing how way leads on to way,> I doubted if I-- should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere-- ages and ages hence: two roads diverged in a wood, and I > I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the diference.