DBG Caesar, De Bello Gallico (DBG), Book 5.44, Lines 1-28; Book 5.45, Lines ; Book 5.46, Lines 1-11

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1 DBG Caesar, De Bello Gallico (DBG), Book 5.44, Lines 1-28; Book 5.45, Lines ; Book 5.46, Lines 1-11 Book 5.44 [1] Erant in eā legiōne fortissimī virī, centuriōnēs, quī There were in this legion very brave men, centurions, who. prīmīs ōrdinibus appropīnquārent, Titus Pullō et Lūcius were approaching the first rank, Titus Pullo and Lucius Vorenus. Vorēnus. Hī perpetuās inter sē contrōversiās habēbant, quīnam These [men] had perpetual disputes between them [as to] which anteferrētur, omnibusque annīs dē locīs summīs simultātibus should be preferred and, because of their very great rivalry, every year they competed for the highest places [5] contendēbant. Ex hīs Pullō, cum ācerrimē ad mūnītiōnēs in rivaly. Of these, Pullo, when the fighting was fiercest at the fortifications, pūgnārētur, 'Quid dubitās,' inquit, 'Vorēne? said, Why are you hesitating, Vorenus? aut quem locum tuae probandae virtūtis spectās? hīc diēs Or for what opportunity for praise of your courage are you waiting? This day dē nostrīs contrōversiīs iūdicābit.' Haec cum dīxisset, prōcēdit

2 will decide about our dispute(s). When he had said these [words], he advanced extrā mūnītiōnēs, quaeque pars hostium cōnfertissima est vīsa outside the fortifications and he burst into the part of the enemy which seemed most closely packed. [10] irrumpit. Nē Vorēnus quidem tum sēsē vāllō continet sed Nor indeed does Vorenus at that point keep himself within the rampart but, omnium veritus exīstimātiōnem subsequitur. Tum having feared everyone s judgment, follows after. Then mediocrī spatiō relīctō Pullō pīlum in hostēs immittit, atque with a fairly small space having been left, Pullo sends his javelin into the enemy and ūnum ex multitūdine prōcurrentem trāicit; quō percussō et pierces one running from the crowd; with this one having been struck and exanimātō, hunc scūtīs prōtegunt, in hostem tēla ūniversī knocked unconscious, they cover him with their shields, throw their spears all together at the enemy (i.e., Pullo), [15] cōniciunt neque dant regrediendī facultātem. Trānsfīgitur and do not give an opportunity of retreating. scūtum Pullōnī et verūtum in balteō dēfīgitur. Āvertit hīc Pullo s shield is pierced through and a short spear is stuck firmly in his sword belt. This misfortune turns aside cāsus vāgīnam et gladium ēdūcere cōnantī dextram morātur his scabbard and hinders his right hand from trying to draw his sword,

3 manum, impedītumque hostēs circumsistunt. and the enemy surround the hindered [man]. Succurrit inimīcus illī Vorēnus et labōrantī subvenit. Ad hunc His rival Vorenus runs to help and comes to the aid of that {man] struggling. [20] sē cōnfestim ā Pullōne omnis multitūdō convertit; illum verūtō The entire crowd immediately turns itself away from Pullo toward this one (i.e., Vorenus): arbitrantur occīsum. Gladiō comminus rem gerit Vorēnus, atque they think that that one (Pullo) has been killed by a javelin. Vorenus carries on the fight with his sword in hand to hand combat and, ūnō interfectō reliquōs paulum prōpellit: dum cupidius īnstat, with one having been killed, drives the rest away a little: while he presses on more eagerly, in locum dēiectus īnferiōrem concidit. Huic rūrsus circumventō having been thrown down onto a lower place (i.e., on the ground) he falls down. fert subsidium Pullō, atque ambō incolumēs complūribus Pullo brings help to him having been surrounded again and, both unharmed, with several [men] [25] interfectīs summā cum laude sēsē intrā mūnītiōnēs recipiunt. having been killed, they retreat inside the fortifications with the higest praise. Sīc fōrtūna in contentiōne et certāmine utrumque versāvit, ut Fortune, in the rivalry and the competition, dealt with each of them in such a way that

4 alter alterī inimīcus auxiliō salūtīque esset, neque dīiūdicārī one rival was a source of help and salvation to the other, and posset, uter utrī virtūte anteferendus vidērētur. Book 5.45 it could not be decided which seemed preferable to the other in courage. [1] Quantō erat in diēs gravior atque asperior oppūgnātiō, By how much the assault was more serious and more adverse every day, et māximē quod māgnā parte mīlitum cōnfectā vulneribus and particularly because, with a large part of the soldiers having been exhausted from [their] wounds, rēs ad paucitātem dēfēnsōrum pervēnerat, tantō crēbriōrēs the matter had come down to a small number of defenders, by so much more frequent litterae nūntiīque ad Caesarem mittēbantur; quōrum pars letters and messengers were sent to Caesar; some of whom [5] dēprehēnsa in cōnspectū nostrōrum mīlitum cum cruciātū were caught and killed with torture in sight of our soldiers. necābātur. Erat ūnus intus Nervius, nōmine Verticō, locō nātus There was inside [the Roman camp] a Nervian, Vertico by name, born in a respected position, honestō, quī ā prīmā obsidiōne ad Cicerōnem perfūgerat, who had fled for refuge to Cicero at the beginning of the siege suamque eī fidem praestiterat.

5 and had bestowed on him his good faith. Hīc servō spē lībertātis māgnīsque persuādet praemiīs ut litterās This man persuades a slave, by the hope of freedom and with great rewards, to [10] ad Caesarem dēferat. Hās ille in iaculō illigātās effert, et carry a letter to Caesar. That man (i.e., the slave) carries it out fastened inside a spear and, Gallus inter Gallōs sine ūllā suspiciōne versātus ad Caesarem pervenit. having moved without any suspicion as a Gaul among Gauls, arrived at Caesar. Ab eō dē perīculīs Cicerōnis legiōnisque cōgnōscitur. From him it is learned about the dangers of Cicero and [his] legion. Book 5.46 [1] Caesar, acceptīs litterīs hōrā circiter ūndecimā diēī, statim nūntium Caesar, with the letter having been received at about the eleventh hour of the day, immediately in Bellovacōs ad Marcum Crassum quaestōrem mittit, cūius sends a messenger into [the territory of] the Bellovaci to Marcus Crassus the quaestor, whose hīberna aberant ab eō mīlia passuum XXV; iubet mediā nocte winter camp was 25 miles from him; he orders the legion to set out in the middle of the night legiōnem proficīscī celeriterque ad sē venīre. Exit cum nūntiō and to come to him quickly. Crassus departs along with the messenger.

6 [5] Crassus. Alterum ad Gāium Fabium lēgātum mittit, ut in He sends another [messenger] to Gaius Fabius the legate, that Atrebātium fīnēs legiōnem addūcat, quā sibi iter faciendum he should bring his legion into the territory of the Atrebates, where he (i.e., Caesar) knew that he sciēbat. had to travel. Scrībit Labiēnō, sī reī pūblicae commodō facere posset, cum He writes to Labienus, if he could do so without detriment to the state, legiōne ad fīnēs Nerviōrum veniat. Reliquam partem exercitūs, that he should come to the territory of the Nervii. He does not think that he should wait for the remaining part of the army [10] quod paulō aberat longius, nōn putat exspectandam; equitēs because it was a little too far away; circiter quadringentōs ex proximīs hībernīs colligit. he quickly collects about 400 cavalry from the nearest winter camps.

Week 16: Translation

Week 16: Translation Caesar, De Bello Gallico (DBG), Book 5.42, Lines 1-11; Book 5.43, Lines 1-24; Book 5.44, Lines 1-28; Book 5.45, Lines 1-1- 12; Book 5.46, Lines 1-11; Book 5.47, Lines 1-15; Book 5.48,