Index. Cambridge University Press Triumph Forsaken: The Vietnam War, Mark Moyar. Index.

Transcription

1 Abdirascid, Ali Seamark, 377 Agrovilles, 82 83, 101, 157 Aidit, 380 Alamo, Gabriel, 302 Algeria, 161 Alsop, Joseph, 239, 252, 262 Alvarez, Everett, 313 American Friends of Vietnam, 66, 120 Ames, John S., 252 Amory, Robert, 106 Arnett, Peter, 170, 225 Australia, 23, 29, 32, , 388 advocacy of military action in Vietnam, 142, 386 contributions to war in Vietnam, fear of South Vietnam s defeat in, 382, 386 Ba Cut, 49, 53, 54, 64 Ba Gia, battle of, , 392 Ball, George, 237, 239, 242, 244, , 408, 409 Bao Dai, 11, 13, 17, 21, 25, 26, 29, 33, 34, 41, 43, 45, 46, 49, 50, 54 Barrel Roll, 343 Bay of Pigs, 127, 131, 133, 135, 138, 241 Bay Vien, 41, 45, 46 Beech, Keyes, 226, 239, 246 Ben Tre Uprising, 87 88, 91 Benson, George, 381 Berlin, 129, 132, 133 Bigart, Homer, 152, 153, 154, 170, 171 Binh Gia, battle of, Binh Xuyen, 21, 34, 41, 45, 46, 47 51, 53 Bohlen, Charles, 132 Bowles, Chester, 127 Brewster, Daniel B., 315 Brezhnev, Leonid, 332, 360, 362 Brink Hotel bombing, Browne, Malcolm, 170, 176, 179, , 225, 238 Buddhists Communist infiltration of, , 231, 232, 317, 350, 351 influence among general population, 215, 216, 244, 351 influence on student protesters, 316 objectives, 222, 223, 251, 334 opposition to Catholics, 316 press coverage of, 214, protests, , , 222, 230, , 281, 316, 318, 334, 350, 351 representation in government, 216, 296 ties to foreign press, 214, 220 Bui Dinh Dam, 188, 189 Bui Dzinh, 270 Bui Quang Chieu, 17 Bui Tin, 13, 22, 292 Bundy, McGeorge, 122, , 263, 264, 277, 289, 319, 325, , 369, 408, 415 Bundy, William, 290, 315, 319, 340, 408, 409 Burchett, Wilfred, 185, 286 Burdick, Eugene, 40 Burma, 376, 388 Communist subversion in, 24, 138, 142, 326, 379, 386 fear of South Vietnam s defeat in, 382, 386 support for U.S. policy in Vietnam, 386 Cambodia, 32, 107, 116, 139, 151, , 387, 388 Communist subversion in, 138 as conduit for Communist infiltration, 211, 247, 258, 299, 323, 358, 380 as sanctuary for Communist forces, 106 Can Lao, 36, 107, 108, 158, 281, 287, 316 Cao Dai, 21, 41, 45, 46, 49, 51, 54, 98, 215 Cao Van Vien, 267,

2 504 Caravelle Manifesto, 105, 363 Carver, George, 114 Castro, Fidel, 241, 252 Catholics, 7, 215, 316 exodus from North Vietnam, 39 opposition to Communists, 30, 63, 98, 304 Central Intelligence Agency, 39, 183, 227, 238, 239, 249, 250, , 259, 260, 263, 264, 279, 282, 283, 304, 312, 319, 343, 370, 395, 413 Che Bong Nga, 4 Chen Geng, 22 Chiang Kai-shek, 15, 144, 252, 384 Chin Peng, 140 China Civil War, 125, 143, 144 relations with Vietnam, 2, 3 5, 7, 412 Chinese Communists, 309, 389 assistance to Pathet Lao, 117, 118, 138, 162, 379 Cultural Revolution, 379 fear of domino effect, 377 fear of United States, , 413 Great Leap Forward, 126 reaction to Tonkin Gulf reprisal strikes, , 326 relations with Vietnamese Communists, 4, 21 23, 24, 26, 27, 30, 56, 61, 62, 79, 84, , 134, 138, 146, 155, , 184, , , 341, , 379, 408, support of revolution across Southeast Asia, 138, 141, 326, 361, 363, 379, , , 388 Chinese Nationalists, 9, 15, 19, 20 Chung Tan Cang, 300, , 347 Church, Frank, 314 Churchill, Winston, 15 Civil Guard, 70, 81, 88, 91, 99, 101, 124, 129, 142, 157, 159, 182, 206, 258, 281, 284 Civilian Irregular Defense Groups, 183 Colby, William, 107, 108, 114, 219, 244, , 266 Collins, J. Lawton, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52 Comintern, 9, 10 Conein, Lucien, , 240, 256, 258, 259, 260, 261, 267, 271, 272, 279 Confucianism, 36 Confucians, 215, 216 Cottrell, Sterling, 143, 160 Counter-Terror Teams, 303 Cox, Gordon, 233 Crawford, Kenneth, 179 Cuban Missile Crisis, Dai Viets, 18, 316, 318 Dang Sy, 296 Dang Van Quang, 364 Davis, James Thomas, 148 Davis, Jefferson, 198 de Gaulle, Charles, 15, 129 de Kalb, Jean, 199 de Lafayette, Gilbert, 199 de Lattre de Tassigny, Jean, 25 defoliation, 144 Denno, Bryce F., 206 Denounce the Communists campaigns, 57, 58, 65 66, 80 81, 90 DePuy, William, 410 Devillers, Philippe, 80 DienBienPhu,26 29, 289 Dien Bo Linh, 3, 403 Do Cao Tri, 270 Dobrynin, Anatoly, 360 Dong Sy Nguyen, 323 Dong Xoai, battle of, Donlon, Roger, Douglas, William O., 33, 66 Duc Nghiep, 231 Dulles, Allen, 38, 39 Dulles, John Foster, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 39, 42, 45, 46, 48 49, 52, 53, 313 Dunn, John Michael, 238, Duong Tam Kha, 2 Duong Van Big Minh, 114, 227, 231, 234, 235, 241, , 255, 256, 258, 268, 272, 273, 276, 280, 282, 284, 285, 294, 295, 318, 328 Duong Van Duc, Durbrow, Elbridge, 68, 78, 99, , , 109, , 112, 113, 115, 123, 143, 224 East Germany, 132 Eisenhower, Dwight D., 27 28, 29, 31, 32, 35, 39, 44, 45, 48, 49, 52, 76, 78, , 117, , , 163, , 306, 313, 376, , 409 Ellsberg, Daniel, 319, 408 Ely, Paul, 47, 50, 51 Erhard, Ludwig, 378 Etherington-Smith, Gordon, 233 Faas, Horst, 170 Fall, Bernard, 40, 161 Faure, Edgar, 51, 53 Feisal, King, 376 Felt, Harry D., 153, 203, 204, 265 First Indochina War, 20 29, 322 Fishel, Wesley, 33 Flaming Dart, 353, 361, 376, 377 Flexible Response, 120, 124, 135, 137 Flott, Frederick, 238, 269

3 505 Forrestal, Michael, , 240, 244, 276, 340 Fraleigh, Albert, 210, 282 France, 7, 32, 125, 126, 137, 332. See also First Indochina War colonization of Vietnam, 6, 7 influence on Vietnam, 7, 53, 92 policy toward Ngo Dinh Diem, 34, 41, 42 43, 49 reclaiming of Vietnam, 15, 19, 20 relations with United States, 24, 25, 28, 29, 31, 44, 377 suppression of Vietnamese revolts, 8, 11 Fulbright, J. William, 315, 414 Galbraith, John Kenneth, 137, 275 Garcia, Carlos, 141 Geneva Agreement on Laos (1962), 163, 164, 184, 211, 299 Geneva Conference (1954), 5, 29 31, 58 59, 117, 144, 145 Gilpatric, Roswell, 148, Goldwater, Barry, 293, 325, 326, 332 Gore, Albert, 314 Grant, J.A.C., 75 Great Britain, 29, 32, 125, 126, 137, 290, 377, 378 Greene, Graham, 40 Greene, Michael, 205 Greene, Wallace M., Jr., 412 Gruening, Ernest, 314 Ha Minh Tri, 67 Hai Chua, 365 Hai Hoang, 193, 194 Haig, Alexander, 289 Halberstam, David, , 175, 177, , 194, 195, , 204, 205, 208, , 214, 215, 222, 225, , 228, 231, , 238, 239, 241, , , 275, 282, 285 Halleck, Henry W., 198 Hamil, Richard C., 178 Harkins, Paul D., 144, 148, 149, 150, 155, 159, , , 208, 226, 238, 241, 251, , 262, , 293, 294, 309 Harriman, Averell, 128, 135, 137, 144, 162, , 184, , 218, 221, 222, 224, , 242, 244, 245, 246, 263, 275, 279 Heath, Donald, 42, 43, 44, 45 Heavner, Theodore, 158, 160, 181 Helms, Richard, 238 Herter, Christian, 66, 125 Hickerson, Elzie, Hickey, Gerald, 302 Higgins, Marguerite, 229, 239 High National Council, 328, , 346 Hilsman, Roger, 151, 196, 218, 221, 222, 224, 228, , 239, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 279, 285 Hmong, 117, 118 Ho Chi Minh, 1, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 26, 27, 37, 53, 61, 62, 83, 84, , 217, 297, 310, 311, charisma of, 16 deference to Chinese Communists, 4, 22, 23, 138 efforts to gain American support, 1, 17 efforts to mend Sino-Soviet rift, 9, 102, 138 elimination of potential rivals, 15, 17, 55, 213 ideology of, 1 4, 8 11, 25, 83, 359, 377 on overthrow of Ngo Dinh Diem, 286 praise for Chinese Communists, 4, 138 quality of leadership, 96 views on governance, 55 Ho Chi Minh Trail, 163, 299, 356 expansion of, 298 formation of first route, 84 formation of second route, , magnitude of infiltration, 84, 90, 133, 146, 184, 211, 298, 300, 335 severing of first route, , strategic importance of, 91, 103, 134, 184, 185, 211, , 309 vulnerability of second route, Ho Quy Ly, 4 Ho Van Nga, 17 Hoa Hao, 21, 41, 45, 46, 49, 51, 53, 64, 98, 215 Hoang Co Thuy, 109, 114 Hoang Van Chi, 16 Hoang Van Thai, 340 Holyoake, Keith, 387 Hop Tac program, 365 Hope, Bob, 347 Houston, John Lucius, Hungary, 9 Huyen Quang, 351 Huynh Phu So, 21 Huynh Tan Phat, 347 Huynh Van Cao, , 176, 178, 182, , 241, 270 India, 24, 277, 376, 388 fear of South Vietnam s defeat in, 382, 388 support for U.S. policy in Vietnam, 388 war with China, 142 Indonesia, 24, 27, 142, 277, 376, , 388, 390 Communist subversion in, 24, 138 influenced by Vietnam War, strategic importance of, 140, 290, 389

4 506 Indonesian Communist Party (PKI), , International Control Commission, 30, 164, 184 Iran, 377 Jackson, Thomas J. Stonewall, 198 Japan, 23, 24, 27, 90, 142, 376, 388, 389 contributions to war in Vietnam, 387 fear of South Vietnam s defeat in, 382, occupation of Vietnam, 1, 13, 15 support for U.S. policy in Vietnam, 387 Javits, Jacob, 77 Johnson, Harold K., 305, 319, 368 Johnson, Lyndon B., 277, , 280, 299, 358, 381, , 409 appearance of timidity, , 329, 332, 348, 349, 361 approval of sustained bombing program, 354 background, concealment of troop deployments, 355, 369 deference to Henry Cabot Lodge, 279, 293, 309 deployment of U.S. forces to South Vietnam, , 368, 369, 370, 396, 414, expected duration of commitment, 415, 416 final deliberations, on importance of Vietnam, , 309, , 390, 415 influence of domestic politics on Vietnam decisions, , 305, 309, 319, , 329, 330, 355, interest in military action beyond South Vietnam, 304, , 307, , 322, , , 352, 353, 361, 414 Johns Hopkins speech, misleading of Congress, , 315, , 416 pessimism, , 406, , 416 public approval of, 314 reaction to Tonkin Gulf incidents, 311, , 315, 320, 324, 329 refusal to call up reserves, relations with U.S. military, 289, 341, 342, 409 secretiveness, 289 and Tonkin Gulf Resolution, 313, 315, 316, 414, 416 as Vice President, , 142, 244 willingness to negotiate, , Joint Chiefs of Staff, U.S., 28, 44, 126, 135, 148, 293, 304, 312, , 358 forecast for U.S. intervention, 412 recommendations for action in Laos, 127, 135, 162, 299, , 315, 330, 343 recommendations for action in Vietnam, 129, , 315, 319, 330, , 348, 352, 354, 358, 366, 368, 369, 371, 395, 409, 413 relations with civilian authorities, 289, 331, 341, 367, 371 Jones, Richard A., 178, 179 Jorden, William, 143 Kalischer, Peter, 225 Karnow, Stanley, 215, 251 Kennedy, John F., 33, 66, , , 153, 252, 253, 409 appointment of Henry Cabot Lodge, 198, 223, 259, 265, 273 commitment to South Vietnam, , 129, 130, 133, , , 144, , 391 fear of sending troops to Vietnam, 137 and Laos, , 132, 135, 138, , 164, 184, 211 leadership, 122, 144, 221 and plotting against Ngo Dinh Diem, , 240, , 250, , , 262, , 273, 276 press policies, 137, , , 225, 253 Kennedy, Robert F., 149, 244, 263, 277, 278, 391 Khan, Ayub, 142 Khrushchev, Nikita, 27, 60 61, 102, 121, , 135, 138, 139, 163, , 298, 332 Kidder, Randolph, 51, 52 Knowland, William, 66 Koelper, Donald, 246 Kong Le, 117 Kopti, Russell, 193 Korean War, 69 American aversion to repeating, 29, 32, 305, , 413 Chinese aversion to repeating, 27, 61, 90, 126, 146, 321 North Vietnamese aversion to repeating, 321 Kosygin, Alexei, 332 Krulak, Victor H., 206, 246, 248, 262, 282 Ky Quan Liem, 110 Lai Van Sang, 47, 48, 50 Lam Quang Tho, 188 Lam Son, 267 Lam Thanh Nguyen, 49, 53, 54 Lam Van Phat, Lansdale, Edward G., 34, 38 40, 45, 48, 49, 51, 52, 57, 67, 106, 108, 115, 123, 129, 130, 251 Laos, 32, 90, 127, 131, 139, 161, 326, 376, 379, 387, 388 advocacy of military action in Laos, 342

5 507 as conduit for Communist infiltration, , 125, 211, 212. See also Ho Chi Minh Trail support for U.S. policy in Vietnam, 384 Le Duan, 58, 90, 124, 161, 201, , 310, 326, 339, 340, 359, 362, 370, 401 Le Khac Quyen, 317 Le Loi, 4, 5, 19, 94 Le Nguyen Khang, 110 Le Quang Tung, 232, 241, 267, 304 Le Quoc San, 194, 209, 300 Le Van Kim, 57, 231, 235, 236, 237, 255 Lederer, William, 40 Lee Kuan Yew, 384 LeMay, Curtis, 319 Lenin, V. I., 8 9, 10, 93, 332 Life, 77 limited war theories, 126, , 409 Lincoln, Abraham, 176, 197, 210 Liu Shaoqi, 102, 362 Lodge, Henry Cabot, 198, , 227, , 253, 258, 264, 276, , , 282, 293, 294, 295 changes in views after coup, conversations with Diem, , 254, , , 271 relations with press, 238, 239, support for overthrow of Diem, , 241, , 250, , , 263, 264, 272, , 275, 364 Luce, Clare Booth, 262 Ly Tong Ba, , 191 Macapagal, Diosdado, 291 MacArthur, Douglas, 306, 331, Macmillan, Harold, 132 Madame Nhu, 35, 75 76, 107, 111, 152, 160, 169, 210, 220, 228, 230, 249, 262, 275 Magsaysay, Ramon, Mai Tho Truyen, 343 Malaya, 24, 27, 28, 90, 290 Communist subversion in, 11, 24, 140 fear of South Vietnam s defeat in, 139, 140 Malaysia, 290, 333, 376, 378, 387, 388 advocacy of military action in Vietnam, 313 Communist subversion in, 379 fear of South Vietnam s defeat in, 382, 384 Malik, Adam, 382 Manning, Robert, , 238 Mansfield, Mike, 33, 66, 77, 137, 353, 414 Mao Zedong, 21, 22, 25, 26, 61, 102, 138, 252, 298, 321, 324, 326, , , 372, Marcos, Ferdinand, 385 Marjadi, 381 Market Time,358, 359 Marshall, George, 143, 144 Martin, Harold, 179 Matthews, Herbert, 241, 252 Mays, Robert, 189, 190 McCarthy, Eugene, 66 McCone, John, 145, 162, 238, 240, 241, 244, 249, 250, 251, 263, 283, 305, 354, 367 McGarr, Lionel C., 114, 124 McGovern, George, 355 McNamara, Robert S., 135, 144, 148, 237, 238, 240, 241, 244, 246, , 259, 263, 283, 290, 306, 320, 367, 371, 395, , 407, , 411, 414, 416 and Tonkin Gulf Resolution, background, concealment of troop deployments, 355 forecast for U.S. intervention, 408, 410, 411, 412, 413 influence on Lyndon B. Johnson, 289, 348, 352, 369, 396 on bombing of Ho Chi Minh Trail, 411 relations with Joint Chiefs of Staff, 289, 331, 342, 371 support for covert action against North Vietnam, 304 McNaughton, John, 290, 319, 340, 408 Mecklin, John, , 165, 259, 260, 262 Mendenhall, Joseph, 246, Mendes-France, Pierre, 41 Menon, Krishna, 138 Menzies, Robert G., Merchant, Livingston, 107 Michigan State University, 57, 70, 81 Miller, Russ, 114 Minh Mang, 7 Minh Tranh, 209 Mohammad-Reza Pahlavi, Shah, 377 Montagnards. See Uplanders Morgan, Thomas E., 315 Morse, Wayne, 314 Mounier, Emmanuel, 36 Muoi Huong, 214 Nam Dong, battle of, Nasser, Gamal Abdul, 377 Nasution, 381, 382 National Liberation Front, , 217, 292, 360, 370 National Revolutionary Movement, 37, 65, 80, 86 National Security Agency, 312 Ne Win,

6 508 New York Times, 77, 81, 152, 170, 172, 221, , 235, 239, 241, 252, 253, 275, 280, 332 New Zealand, 23, 29, 32, 388 contributions to war in Vietnam, 387 fear of South Vietnam s defeat in, 382, 387 Newsweek, 152, 154, 169, 170, 179, 257, 280 Ngo Dinh Can, 34, 36, 276, 281, 296 Ngo Dinh Diem, 4, 6, 8, 11 13, 18, 21, 33, 34, 37, 57 58, 66 67, 76 78, 81, 105, , 174, 201, 239, 254, 263, 265, 266, , 279, 284, , 294, 327, , 345, 352, 364, 366, 402 American support of, 39, 42 43, 46, 51, 52, 68, 120, 133, , 144 Cultivation of new leaders, 72, 82, 96, 136, 155, 158, 168, 281 handling of Buddhist problem, , , , , , 230, , 242, , 255 leadership methods, 34 37, 72, 73, 74 75, 158, 208, loyalty as factor in appointments, 43, 100, 197 nationalism, 4, 11, 13, 36, 42 press policies, , 152, 169, 170, 176, relations with Americans, 39, 40, 45, 46 47, 48, , 115, 123, , 155, 156, , 164, , 218, , 224, 227, 230, 255, 260, 261, 266 resettlement of refugees, 39 40, 72 and South Vietnamese military leaders, 136, 232, 240, 246, 248, 250, 251, 262, 265 suppression of rivals, 42, 45, 53, 54, 64, 214, Vietnamese supporters of, 18, 33, 34, 43, 47, 52, 66, 74, 81, 123, 216, 234, 240, 248, 270 views on governance, 13, 43, 44, 58, 158, 160, , 281, 294 views on Laos, 127, 162, 223 Ngo Dinh Kha, 11, 12 Ngo Dinh Khoi, 17 Ngo Dinh Luyen, 35 Ngo Dinh Nhu, 8, 35, 36, 41, 45, 73, 105, 107, 108, 114, 130, 152, 162, 224, 227, 249, 255, 265, 266, leadership of strategic hamlet program, 156, , 208, 243, 249 role in pagoda raids, 232, 233, 234, , 239, 249 Ngo Dinh Thuc, 35, 249 Ngo Quyen, 2, 11, 19 Nguyen Anh, 5, 6, 7, 19, 198 Nguyen Cao Ky, , 351, 371, , 410, 411 Nguyen Chanh Thi, 109, 112, , 351, 364, 396, 402, 403 Nguyen Chi Thanh, 297, 326, 336, 340, 359 Nguyen Dinh Thuan, 106, 110, 143, 227, , 237, 261 Nguyen Duc Thang, 410 Nguyen Dynasty, 5, 29 Nguyen Huu An, 404 Nguyen Huu Co, 265, 266, 270, 318, 403 Nguyen Khanh, , 231, 270, 271, 279, 313, , , 375 advocacy of U.S. military action against North Vietnam, 311 conspiring with Tri Quang, 334, contacts with Communists, 307, 347 desire for action outside South Vietnam, intimidated by Buddhists, , 316, , 327, 329, 352, 363 opposed by other general officers, 318, 327, 334, 352, 363 as political leader, , 327, 328, takeover of government, Nguyen Minh Man, 134 Nguyen Ngoc Son, 17 Nguyen Ngoc Tho, 222, 224, 230, 231, 241, 276, 280 Nguyen Ta Thu Thau, 18 Nguyen Than Phuong, 51, 54 Nguyen The Nghiep, 17 Nguyen Thi Dinh, Nguyen Van Hinh, 41, 42, 43, 44 Nguyen Van Sam, 18 Nguyen Van Thieu, 271, 318, 334, , 347, 368, 371, , 410 Nguyen Van Vy, 50, 52 Nhat Le, 4 Nixon, Richard, 223, 379 Nolting, Frederick E., 130, 134, 136, 143, 149, 150, 152, 155, 158, , 167, 169, 208, 219, 223, 224, 226, , 238, , 244, 266 Norodom Sihanouk, 106, 113, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 24, 78, 132, 332, North Vietnam, 55, 61, 309, 321, agricultural production, 56, 64 assistance to Pathet Lao, 117, 133, 138 economic development, 61, 64 fear of American intervention, 83, 90, 322, , 348 infiltration of materiel to South Vietnam by sea, 186, 211, 247, , 323, 335, 336, 357, 358

7 509 initiation of insurgency in South Vietnam, 83 85, 87, liberal reforms attempted, support of revolution across Southeast Asia, 138, 326, suppression of internal subversion, 63 willingness to negotiate, 160, 209, 361, , North Vietnamese Army, 286 in Laos, 117, 118, 125, 126, 133, 162, 184, 211, 298, 299, 394 in South Vietnam, 129, , , 365, 369, 370, 372, 392, , 404, 405 Nysewander, Carlton, 189 O Daniel, John Iron Mike, 52 Office of Strategic Services, 1, 15, 17 O Meara, Andrew P., 196 OPLAN 34-A, 304, 310, 313, 314, 315, 319 pagoda raids, Pakistan, 32, 78, 125, 142, 380 Palmer, Dave R., 192 Park Chung Hee, 384 Parsons, J. Graham, 115 Pathet Lao, , 125, 126, 162, 184, 211, 298, 299, 383 Patti, Archimedes, 17 People s Revolutionary Committees, 317, 319 People s Revolutionary Party, 104 Personalism, 36 37, 93, 158 Pham Khac Suu, 328, 345, 396, 402 Pham Ngoc Thao, 214 Pham Quynh, 17 Pham Van Dong (North Vietnamese), 8, 161, 307, , 380 Pham Van Dong (South Vietnamese), 352, 364, 403 Pham Xuan An, 214, 215 Phan Huy Quat, 363, , 366, 371, 375, 396, 402, 404 Phan Quang Dan, 76, 113 Philippines, 23, 24, 29, 32, 38 39, 78, 90, 125, 376, 388 Communist subversion in, 24, concern about Communism in Indonesia, 291, 385 contributions to war in Vietnam, 385 fear of South Vietnam s defeat in, 141, 382, 385 Phillips, Rufus, 57, 155, , 235, 247, 249, 251, Phoumi Nosovan, 117, 118, 126, 133, 162, 307 Picou, Lloyd, 177 Pike, Douglas, 74 Popular Anti-Communist Front, 115 Porter, Daniel Boone, 196, 199, Puckett, Ralph, Jr., 173 Pushkin, Georgi, 135 Quang Duc, , 227 Quang Lien, 366 Quang Trung, 5 Quynh Luu uprising, 63 Race, Jeffrey, 104 Radvanyi, Janos, 26 Raphael-Leygues, Jacques, 42 Reinhardt, G. Frederick, 55 Reischauer, Edwin, 388 Republican Youth, 86, 98, 156, 158, 281, 287 Reston, James, 133, 252 Rhee, Syngman, 53, 107 Richardson, John H., 226, 243, Robinson, Jim, 170, 226 Rolling Thunder, , 359, 361, 369, 370, 371, 384, 411 Roosevelt, Franklin D., 15 Rostow, Walt W., 136 Rowny, Edward, 210 Rusk, Dean, 122, 144, , 245, 253, 263, 277, 289, 290, 312, 331, 348, 355, 376, 377, 380, 387, 390, 402, 406, 408 Russell, Richard, 292, 293 Salinger, Pierre, 225 Saltonstall, Leverett, 312 Sather, Richard C., 313 Sato, Eisaku, 387 Saudi Arabia, 376 Scanlon, James, 189, 191, 195 Schelling, Thomas, 306, 312, 325 Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr., 223 Seaborn, J. Blair, 307, 324 Self-Defense Corps, 70, 81, 86, 91, 99, 101, 142, 156, 157, 182, 206, 258, 281, 284 Sequa, H. E. Omar, 376 Serong, Francis P. Ted, 207, 282 Sharp, U. S. G., 312, 315, 330, 348 Sheehan, Neil, 165, , 177, 179, , , 196, 197, , 215, 225, 238, 250, 282, 302 Shen Chang-huan, 384 Sherman, William Tecumseh, 176 Shields, Marvin G., , 400 SIGMA simulations, 319 Singapore, 11, 140, 384

8 510 Sino-Soviet relations, 9, 25, 61, 102, 118, , 360 worsened by Vietnam War, 320, 361, 362, 379 Smathers, George, 293 Smith, Paul, 208 Somalia, 377 Song Be, battle of, , 400 Souphanouvong, 117, 128, 164 South Korea, 107, 376, 388 advocacy of military action in Vietnam, contributions to war in Vietnam, 385, 395 fear of South Vietnam s defeat in, 382, 384 South Vietnam, 71 72, 303, 304, 313, 385. See also Ngo Dinh Diem; Duong Van Big Minh; Nguyen Khanh; Tran Van Huong; Phan Huy Quat; Nguyen Cao Ky attempts to block infiltration by sea, 300 decline of police, 317 economic development, elections in, 55, 71, 76 fear of negotiations within, 291 land reform, 72 73, 92 perceived will to fight, 128, 136 recruiting problems, 303, 328, South Vietnamese Army, 80, , 281, 375 as counterinsurgency force, 99, 159, 303, decline in size, 328, 405 development of, 68 69, 81, , 124, 133, 157 effectiveness, 124, 146, 153, , 206, 301, 303, 328, , 365, 366, 368, 373, 389, 394 equipment, 69, 154 participation in pagoda raids, , , 239, 251 Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), 32, 78, 118, 125, 126, 132 Souvanna Phouma, 117, 118, 128, 162, 211, 212, 299, 342, 343 Soviet Union, 23, 126, 141, , 406 and Laos, 117, 118, 132, 135, 139, 184, 299 relations with Vietnamese Communists, 4, 22, 30, 56, 60 61, 83, 102, 134, 138, 162, 184, , 332, , 379 Spellman, Francis Cardinal, 33 Stalin, Josef, 17, 21, 22, 61 Starnes, Richard, Steel Tiger, 384 Steuben, Friedrich von, 199 Stilwell, Richard, 327 strategic hamlets, , 165, 166, 167, 169, , , 209, , 249, 252, , 274, 281, 282, 283, Stump, Felix, 78 Subandrio, 333, 380 Suharto, 382 Sukarno, 141, 290, 381 collaboration with Indonesian Communist Party, 291, friendship with Communist countries, 291, 333, overthrow of, 379, 381 Sullivan, William, 327, 342 Sully, Francois, 152, Sulzberger, Arthur, 253 Sun Tzu, 193 Taiwan, 376, 388 advocacy of military action in Vietnam, 141, 384 fear of South Vietnam s defeat in, 382, 384 Tam Chau, 317, 351 Tay Son, 5 6, 94, 198 Taylor, Maxwell, 120, , 144, 148, 238, 240, 241, 244, 245, , 263, 276, 277, 278, 281, 293, 311, 315, 320, 335, 341, 343, 348, 350, 351, 371, 403 advocacy of military action beyond South Vietnam, 319, 330, 331, 341, 342, 348, 352, 358, 366 opposition to introduction of U.S. troops, 368, 371 relationship with Nguyen Khanh, 308, , selected as ambassador, 308 Terrin, Terrance D., 302 terrorism, 79 80, 87, 91, 93, 134 Thailand, 29, 32, 78, 125, 128, 140, 162, 163, 363, 376, 379, 387, 388, 389 advocacy of military action in Vietnam, 313, 383 Communist subversion in, 11, 90, 106, 138, 139, 326, 379, contributions to war in Vietnam, 383 fear of South Vietnam s defeat in, 139, 376, 382, 383, 407 as possible conduit for Vietnamese Communist infiltration, 323 Thanat Khoman, 376, 383 Thien Minh, 317, 350 Thieu Tri, 7 Thomas, Norman, 66 Thompson, Robert, 156, 166, 207, 245, 247 Throckmorton, John, 347 Time, 152, 179, 199, 280, 281, 295 Tito, Josip Broz, 3, 9, 25, 361

9 511 Ton That Dinh, 231, 232, 241, 261, 265, 266, 268, 276 Tonkin Gulf incidents, , 320 Tonkin Gulf Resolution, Toumorong, battle of, 404 Tran Chanh Tranh, 65 Tran Dinh, 351 Tran Thanh Ben, 364 Tran Thien Khiem, 110, 112, 231, 240, 241, 255, 266, 295, 318 Tran Van Don, 227, 231, 232, 233, 237, 250, 255, , 260, 261, 262, 264, 265, 268, 271, 272, 276 Tran Van Huong, 273, 328, , 344, 345, , , 363, 375 Tran Van Huu, 42 Tran Van Minh, 279, 364 Tran Van Soai, 46, 49, 53, 54 Tran Van Tra, 16 Tregaskis, Richard, , 181, 196 Tri Quang, 212, 213, 219, 220, 222, 309, 316, 317, , 363, , anti-catholicism, 316, 366 duplicity, 224, , 343, 350, 352, 366, 396 motives, , 223, 251, 317, 334, 350, 352 Trinh Dynasty, 5 Trinh Minh The, 34, 45, 51 Trotskyites, 18 Truehart, William, 169, , 221, , 224, 225, 227, 228, 259 Truman, Harry S., 15, 23, 24, 25, 27, 144, 331, 390 Truong Chinh, 62, 297 Truong Dinh Tri, 18 Truong Tu Anh, 18 Tu Duc, 7 Tunku Abdul Rahman, 140, 291, 313, 384 Turner, Nick, 170 Turner, Ralph, 81 Unger, Leonard, 299 United Arab Republic, 377 United Nations, 234 United States, 78, , 293, 321. See also Eisenhower, Dwight D; Kennedy, John F; Johnson, Lyndon B advisers in South Vietnam, 155, , 177, 181 advisory strength in South Vietnam, 67, 155 Civil War, 176, covert action against North Vietnam, 124, 304 politicization of appointments, reduction in aid to South Vietnam, 254, 256, 260 War for Independence, Uplanders, 183, 211, 327 Vann, John Paul, , 178, 180, 188, , , , 197, , 204, 205 Viet Cong appeal to peasantry, 92 98, 365 creation of new communist man, infiltration of student protests, 317 large attacks, 88 89, 134, , 180, 207, , 335, , 356, 372, 373, 393 North Vietnamese personnel in, 292, 308, 328, 336 and religion, 97 shadow government, size of armed forces, 101, 124, 153, 335 use of weapons infiltrated from North Vietnam, 87, 91, 186, , 357 Viet Minh, 1, 14 15, 16 17, 19, 20, 21, 29, 39, 55. See also First Indochina War destruction of other Vietnamese groups, 17 18, 19, 21, 30 Vietnam historical divisions, 5 7 terrain, 6 7, , 189, , 257, 392 unification, 6 Vietnam Nationalist Party, 8, 17, 19, 20 Vietnamese Communist Party, 8, 10, 11, 14 infiltration of non-communist movements, 57, 65, 66, land reform, 18, 23, 56, 62, 98 Vietnamese Confederation of Labor, 327 Vinh Loc, 404, 405, 410 Vo Nguyen Giap, 8, 19, 26, 62, 201, 297, 298, 310, 322, 324 Vo Van Hai, 235, 236, 237 Vung Ro incident, Wagner, Robert F., 76 Ware, Fletcher, 193 Washington Post, 275 Washington, George, 151, 199, 210 West Germany, 377, 378 Westmoreland, William, 303, 308, 315, 319, 330, 348, 358, 366, advocacy of military action beyond South Vietnam, 319, 330, 358, forecast for U.S. intervention, , 410 military tactics, 335 optimism, 309

10 512 requests for U.S. ground forces in South Vietnam, 354, 364, 369, 370, , , 407, 410 Wheeler, Earl G., 342, 348, 370, 412, 413 Whiz Kids, 121, 122, 289, 319 Williams, Charles Q., Williams, Samuel Hanging Sam, 67 71, 81, 89, 99, 100, 106, 301 Wilson, Charles, 44 Wilson, Harold, 378 Wilson, Jasper, 294, 364 Wilson, Wilbur, 206 Wirtz, Alvin J., 288 World Federation of Buddhists, 343 Xuong Van, 2, 279 Young Turks, Young, Kenneth, 139 Yugoslavia, 2, 9, 361 Yung Lo, 4 Zablocki, Clement J., 262 Zhou Enlai, 27, 298, 333, 361, 377, 380 Ziegler, Richard, 187