KRISTEN PRES Box 676, Modong. NELSON ~~~~~~~e Street. Sydney HOHAO. Printers. Coming from NELSON: BIRDS OF PORT MORESBY AND DISTRICT

Transcription

1

2 New Guinea's Pubishers of inspirationa iterature. educationa and entertainin? hook, Printers of pamphets, books and programmes for a institutions. as we as business stationery with a wide range of books from a over the word Bookseers i Affiiated: C rea t ive with courses and workshops for writers. iransators, editors Training Centre i KRSTEN PRES Box 676, Modong PACFC AND OTHER VERSE Edited by J. G. Brown $1.65 A POETRY BOOK ESPEC1A.LY FOR SCHOOLS N PACFC COUNTRES This n:w anthoogy i\ designed for chidren aged 9-13 ),ears. t contains work by recognised poets about the Pacific are;!, and work by chidren iving there themseve\. Scme of the Contributors - SPKE MLLGAN, U.K. ALSTAR CAMPBELL, N.Z. KATH KALKER, Austraia TED HUGHES, U.K. NOHOMATERANG, N.Z. CHARLES MALAM, U.S.A. ROBERT FROST, U.S.A. BASHO, Japan JUDTH WRGHT, Austraia HONE TUWHARE, N.Z. CHARL ANWAR, W. S. RENDRA, ndonesia W. W. E. ROSS, Canada CHEN TZU-LUNG, China SSA, Japan AN MUDE, Austraia Pubished by LONGMAN Aurtroion Distributors RGBY LMTED Coming from NELSON: BRDS OF PORT MORESBY AND DSTRCT Roy D. Mnckc?. This handist wi be invauabe to anyone interested in the fora and fauna of Papua and New Guinea. Fuy iustrated in back and white with fu-coour frontispiece. Approx $3.95. Srptem her HOHAO Ji Beier arrd Aher! Maori Kiki Hohaos are ancestra boards of the Eema peope of the Papuan Guf. This book describes and anayses the Hohao art form, interprets the reigious significance of the designs and investigates the decine of the cuture. Fuy iustrated with back and white photographs. $3.95 Scp/ember. 597 Litte Coins Street, NELSON ~~~~~~~e Street. Sydney For.rpcciti~or ropics (or1 approva) wrie 10 - i MANAGER, LONGMAN AND OLVER & BOYD ; D\/SON, RGBY >MTED P.O. BOX 104, NORWOOD, S.A. 5067

3 New Guinea Writing - Number 1, August 1970 About This About This Pubication About Our Writers Four Stories by Pauias Matane by Aan Natachee Hunting the Kier by Vincent Eri How the Missionaries Came to Buin 1 1 A Morning at Koki Market by Aain Waike Breaking the Ear by Kumaau Tawai How Wai Deat With a Thief by Bob Giegao by Jacob Simet About Some New Books Edited by Donad Maynard Cover by Esau Reuben Copyright 1970: Bureau of Literature Pub~shed by New Guinea News Service, P.O. Box 5050, Boroko, for the Bureau of Literature, Department of nformation and Extension Services, T.P.N.G., and printed by Papua New Guinea Printing Co. Pty. Ltd., Port Moresby. Production Editor: John Ryan New G~dinea News Service We have caed this coection of stories, poems and artices "New Guinea Writing", and added "No. " to the tite, because we hope it wi be the first of many pubications to appear with that name. A the works in this issue (except for the Editor's review of some new books of poems) have been written by indigenous peope - and that is the main purpose of the pubication. We want to encourage peope of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea to speak to each other through the written word. Though we have caed the coection "New Guinea Writing," we do not mean work done in the northern part of the Territory ony. New Guinea is the name given in atases and geography books to this whoe isand which is made up of West Zrian, Papua, New Guinea and the offshore isands. So "New Guinea Writing'' means writing from the entire area. n this issue, you wi find works written by Mekeos - Aain Waike and Aan Natachee - and there are pieces by John Bonu, from Bougainvie, Pauias Matane and Jacob Simet, from New Britain, Vincent Eri, from the Guf District, Bob Giegao, from the Chimbu District, and Kumaau Tawai, from Manus. For the indigenous peope of this country, writing is one of the newest and youngest arts. Before the coming of the white man, the native races had their own community and decorative arts - dancing, singing, music, and the making of houses, carvings, pottery and weaving. A of these heped them to remember things - about their ancestors and triba aws - but there was no written art; ony the arts of taking cevery (oratory) and of story-teing and singing.. For many years now, both government and mission schoos have been teaching more indigenous peope to read and write the anguages they speak. t is natura that a deveoping country ike New Guinea shoud ook towards its own writers to hep in deveopment. Through writers and thinkers often come ideas

4 NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 1976PAGE 4. - p that wi hep other men to understand themseves and their neighbours better. Sometimes a writer wi want to te his readers what happened to his ancestors or to re-te a fok story that used to be tod around the fires at night. But a1 a ater stage, writers become more interested in themseves and in the peope around them, the probems they have to sove, and the way they ive now. We have incuded a short extract from the first fu-ength nove to be pubished overseas from a New Guinean author. A nove is a ong story divided into many chapters and though it may have characters based on fact or the writer's memories of the past, it is purey imaginative fiction. f you think you are good at writing short stories, then you might ike to try your hand at writing a nove some day. "Hunting the Kier," from chapter six of Vincent Eri's nove The Crocodie, has been reprinted by kind permission of the pubishers, Jacaranda Press, of Brisbane. Writers of this country are invited to send poems, stories, artices - anything they have written - for future issues of "New Guinea Writing." There wi be payment made for anything we find good enough or interesting enough to print. Your stories and poems shoud be sent to: The Editor, "New Guinea Writing," Department of nformation and Extension Services, Konedobu, Porr Moresby. The next issue of "New Guinea Writing" wi appear when we have enough new materia to pubish. Meanwhie, we hope you wi enjoy this first issue of a magazine printed for you - the peope of New Guinea - and written mosty by your own peope for you to read. The writers who wi emerge in this country have many chaenges to meet - and we are ony at the beginning of it. r ~--,,,------,----~-----~ 1 Here is a itte poem entered by a student of St. Pau's Lutheran High Schoo, Pausa, Western Highands District. Kamund's verse may not be the best LTERARY entry, but it is a very moving and coourfu poem 1 to have been written by a deaf boy: 1 COMPETTONS MY COUNTRY t t Highands and mountains, Resuts of the Bureau of Literature Poetry Sunshine and breeze, 1 and Pay Competitions, and of the Second Fowers and moonight, 9 t Annua Territory Short Story Contest wi be t Make a gistening in the dim,ight. announced on or after September 30 in the 1 'Post-Couriera and 'Our News' and 'New Without a ight of its own.! Guinea News Service' pubications. Swaying pam trees, Junges and rivers, i 1 t White cora sand -! There have been so many entries that it has been hard for iha judges to pick the first prize-winners. This is my country, We hope to print some of the best entries soon in This is my and! t New Guinea Writing, Our News and other pubications. Komund Piki i L-. -, -u - i t i 4

5 -p- pp--- NEW GUNEA WRTNG NO. 1, AUGUST PAGE 5 About Our Writers JOHN BONU, who comes from Buin (southern Bougainvie), is a first-year Arts student at the University of Papua and New Guinea, Waigani. VNCENT ER, who was born at Moveave in the Guf of Papua, has been a teachers' coege ecturer and a district inspector and is at present Acting Superintendent of Primary Education. He is one of the first graduates (B.A.) of the University of Papua and New Guinea. BOB GEGAO, born at Chuave in the Chimbu District, has attended writers' courses hed by the Lutheran Mission, is a director of Kristen Pres nc. and circuation manager of the "Post-Courier" in Port Moresby. PAULAS MATANE, who was born at Viviran, East New Britain, has visited African countries, Austraia, New Zeaand and the South Pacific, has been a member of the Pubic Service Board, and is at present Acting Director of Lands, Surveys and Mines, Port Moresby. His stories and artices have appeared in many pubications, incuding "Kum Tumum of Minj" (O.U.P. Stories of Our Peope series). ALLAN NATACHEE is the pen-name of the Mekeo poet, Avaisa Pinongo, whose coection of Mekeo songs, "Aia," is one of the recenty pubished bookets in the Papua Pocket Poets series. Mr. Natachee says that his poem, "Fear," is not a transation of any one Mekeo song, but something he made up and which yet has something of the tone of some of the more warike traditiona songs of his peope. KUMALAU TAWAL, who was born at Tawi, Manus District, is a third-year Arts student at the University of Papua and New Guinea. He was a member of a New Guinea traditiona dance ensembe which recenty visited Austraia. His pay "Manki Masta" has been produced in Canberra, and he won the 1969 Territory Short Story Competition with the story in this issue. ("Breaking the Ear" was first pubished in the "Post-Courier.") ALAN WAKE, a Mekeo, trained for the priesthood but ater became a pubic servant, working for D..E.S. as an extension officer, and ater for the Pubic Service Board. He is now studying at the Pubic Service Training Centre, Waigani. JACOB SMET, from Matuvit, East New Britain, attended the 1968 and 1969 Creative Writing Courses at Rabau, and has had poetry pubished in the iterary magazine, "Kovave." He is now studying at the Papua and New Guinea nstitute of Technoogy in Lae. 1 Four Stories 1 L- \ -., -. - Pauias Matane 72 f7 * The Thief There was once a viage in the Warongoi Vaey, west of East New Britain District. Every morning a the peope of the viage, except a weak od woman, went to their gardens to work. The od woman had a son who often brought back food from his garden in the evenings. When the peope returned in the evenings, they woud find that someone had taken food from their houses. They bamed the od woman for this oss. The son fet ashamed when he heard this. He said to himsef, "Tomorrow ' find out who the thief is." Next day, when a the peope were away, the boy hid himsef up in a big tree just near the viage. After a whie, he saw a very ong and big snake. ts head was ike that of a man. The snake crawed into every house and came out with food. Then it returned to its pace. The boy foowed and put ashes aong the snake's track. t came to a ake known as To Garagaraoko. This was where it ived. When the peope came home, the boy tod them about the snake. n the morning, they put different coours on their bodies and faces, and feathers in their hair. Then

6 NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO., AUGUST PAGE 6 they took their spears and foowed the boy down to the ake. They caught many fish and snakes but had not found the thief. They grew tired and said that the boy tod them ies. They were just about to hit the boy when he said, "s there anything hard in the water?" "We can't find any more iving things here. There is ony a ong og here which some of us are standing on." "That's him. Spear and cut him,'' the boy ordered. They did. Sure enough, it was the thief. They cut the snake to pieces, packed it up and eft for home. When they were on the way, a heavy rain fe, ightning fashed, the thunder boomed, wind bew stronger than before and the earthquake shook the forest and viage. However, this didn't worry them. When they arrived home, they divided the pieces of snake among them. The head was given to the od woman. She roasted it in a hot stone oven. At night when everyone was fast aseep, a great mass of smoke came out of the stone oven. Soon after, she heard a sma voice say, "Thank you very much!, Taking of Books Abert Maori Kiki and Ui Beier have 1 written a new book caed Hohao (Neson; t $3.95) which has many photos and describes t the arts and egends of the Eema peope of, 1 the Guf District. 4 Abert Maori Kiki's popuar first book 1 i Ten Thousand Years in o Lifetime (Cheshires), the story of his ife, has now been put out again at the ower price of $1.95: avaiabe at a bookshops.! Mr. Kiki, who is nationa secretary of 1 Pangu Pati and a eading trade unionist, was t recenty given a Commonweath Literary ' Fund award of $3,000 to work fu-time on 1 another book. Producers of schoo pays and itte theatre groups wi want to buy copies of Two Pays from New Guinea (Hienemann; $1.60). The pays are "Cry of the Cassowary" by John Kaniku, set in the Mine Bay District, and "Kuubob" by Turuk Wabei, from Karkar sand in the Madang District; both pays 1 were first presented at Goroka Teachers Co-, ege. Avaiabe from Books New Guinea, 4 Boroko, and Christian Book Centre, Madang. t ---,-,,v--_-,,,,-,,,-, i for saving my ife. Go and te your reatives to pack up and go away from here as quicky as possibe to the viages up on the mountains. 'm going to destroy this viage and its peope." The head of the snake came out of the oven. t moved from kitchen to kitchen, joining the pieces of its body together again, and waited. When the woman and her reatives had eft, the snake ordered the rain to fa on the viage heaviy. The water came pouring down and rose up around the viage. The snake asked for more rain. More came. This time it was so heavy that the whoe vaey was in food. When the peope woke up, it was too ate. The water carried them down to To Garagaraoko. A the peope died except the od woman and her reatives. Nowadays, one can sti see the bones and skus of the unfortunate drowned peope near the ake. The Man who Wanted to Foat A viager named To Keake, watching the dew rise up into the air when the sun shone on it one morning, got the idea that he might be abe to make himsef foat off the ground. When he had given the matter a itte more thought, he coected four pieces of bamboo and fied them with dew from grass and tar0 eaves. He tied them together, put them on the grass where there was no shade, sat on them and waited. The dew eaked out at the bottom of the bamboo pieces. But nothing happened. He had hoped that as the dew rose up into the air, it woud ift him and the bamboo with it. Next day, he fied the bamboos again and cosed them tighty. He ay down on the grass, put the pieces of bamboo on top of him and waited. The sun sowy rose. The morning was bright, the sky was cear and everything was perfecty sient. To Keake waited patienty. Every moment he was hoping that he woud soon foat into the sky. Sti nothing happened. The sun was now overhead. To Keake fet a itte ight-headed with the heat. t was amost as though he was beginning to foat. The heat became so great that To Keake ost consciousness. The viagers found him, sti ying on his bamboos, at the end of the day. The heat of the sun had kied him.

7 p ---p- p--p. -- p- The Lost Can Many years ago, a number of cans ived in a big viage caed Rakamara. A few mies away ived an enemv can. The Rakamaras hated this can because its had often kied and captured peope of the Rakamara. One night, the Rakamara chiefs hed a secret meeting to decide what woud be the best way to wipe out the hated can. They prepared their bows and arrows, sings, stones and other weapons for fighting. They decided to make an attack the next night. When the time came, they went to the hated can viage. Everyone there was aseep. They arranged themseves into a very big circe. The chiefs gave orders to attack. The batte began. The air was fied with arrows and stones. The famiies of the hated can woke up to find the enemy among them. They were not prepared for the surprise attack. They cried and rushed about but coud not do anything to protect themseves. The attackers went to the houses, set fire to them and burnt them down. The poor peope inside tried to escape but were shot. Others died in the houses. Everyone was kied except two babies - a boy and a gir. On the same night, a pig found the babies, took them one by one into the bush where she made a bed out of dry eaves for them, and nursed them. She ooked after them very carefuy as if they were her pigets. When the chidren grew up, they got married. They had many chidren who grew up and married and had more chidren. n this way the ost can came back again. Today there are more peope at Rakamara than there were before. There is no more fighting between the various cans now, and everybody is happy. The Bird Boys Once in a viage there ived two brothers whose parents had died and eft them aone in the word. One day they eft their home because they were aways hungry. They went to the forest to find food. They found a ot to eat. They grew fat and heathy. NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197GPAGE 7 They aso buit a sma hut in the forest and ived there for a ong time. One day, a hunter came to the boys' hut when they were out ooking for food. He wanted to find out who owned the hut so he hid behind the tree and waited. After a short time, he saw the boys coming. He et them into the hut. Then he ran to the door, and ordered them to come outside. He took them by the hands and brought them home. "Wife", he caed, as they were near the house, " worked hard today ooking for pigs. coudn't find any. nstead, found these boys. We sha have penty of meat tomorrow. We' ki the first one but eave the second because he is sti sma. We' give him a ot of food so that he wi grow big and fat quicky." n the morning, the man kied the first boy. Then he went to the garden to get some taro. The second boy was very sad. He onged to see his brother aive again. Then he whispered to the boy's ear, " beieve that you wi be aive again before the bad man comes back." He opened the dead boy's mouth and hit the tongue with his finger. Then he said, "Brother, move your tongue." The tongue moved. Next he hit the egs and said, "Stand up." And he did. Then he hit the mouth and said, "Speak up." He spoke and thanked his brother because he had saved him. They both ran out through a sma opening and back to their hut. They cooured their bodies with different coours. Then they danced. When the bad man returned from the garden, he found that the boys had run away. He became very angry. He took his spears, caed his dogs and went to the forest to ook for the boys. He first went to the boys' hut. When they saw him, they said some magic words and were at once changed into two beautifu cooured birds. They few up to the taest tree. From there, they sang sweet songs which the bad man iked istening to so much that he didn't try to spear them. Today, if you see two birds fying together, they are ikey to be the ony birds which were once boys.

8 - NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO 1, AUGUST 1970-PAGE p Fear Aan Natachee Out of the dark of deepest goom we were born to ive in fear from the crade to the grave and never to see the ight of day. To be fied with fear when thunders pea and ightnings fash. When war drums beat and war trumpets bow. when the advancing ye of foes rings through the dark and fearsome forests. when chiefs of peace ca forth: Fee! Fee ye women and chidren, Fee! Foes, foes are advancing! When chiefs of war ye out their word of command : To arms! To arms 111y men! For we are the defenders of our women our home and our and! Beat on our drums and bow on our trumpets of war in answer to drums and trumpets of our foes! Ye out our war chants to et the enemy know that we are going forward. forward to meet them! Behod sway my red pant of war to defeat and scatter the foes, And never to spare the ife of any foe, but to ki and ki aone. Cut off the head of every faen foe! Cut and take out their hearts that we may fced upon their brains and hearts to pease our gods of war and our spirit fathers. -"Post-Courier" Picture T11c Ediro~. of 'New Guirtea Writing' taks to.'ii2cr#rtt Eri nbort his new nove 'The Crocodie', ~v~ic u'iii he i tkc bookshops very soo!~. t is tre fir.rt ~!oi.c. ever p~bished by a Papunr? or- New Gui~enr. The story i.r set i Papua-New Gi~ir~eu before and duririg the Second Word WO,-, utd tris 110w rze peope jron~ a o3er our. c.ou,try bc~gar to fee united. Just pubished is Signs in the Sky, a first seection of n'ineteen very expressive poems by KUMALAU TAWAL. t is one of the Papua Pocket Poets series of bookets, edited by Ui Beier (see "About Some New Books" on Poge 21 1, and costs 45 cents, from Books New Guinea, Boroko.

9 p HUNTNG THE KLLER Vincent. Eri This is an extract from the author's forthcoming nove, The Crocodie. t it set among the Toaripispeaking viages of the Papuan Guf in the ate 1930s. This is what has just happened in the story: Whie the young hero, Hoiri, and his cousin Meraveka are away from their viage, padding a canoe for the kiap's patro up-river, Hoiri's wife, Mitoro, is taken by a crocodie whie fishing. Hoiri's unce, Aravepe, catches up with the patro and tes him that his wife is missing. So Hoiri deserts the patro and returns home to try and find the morta remains of his wife. Hoiri and his father Sevese set out at night to hunt the kier. * * * Dark shadows were aready engufing the bushes and pam trees on the banks of the river. The canoes in the hunt had itte difficuty in finding their way over the gassy water. Three canoes traveed side by side, with Hoiri in the midde one. Severa yards of water separated one canoe from the other. They were a arge canoes capabe of carrying a dozen men. Like everyone ese on board, Hoiri wore a 'sihi,' a narrow strip of bark coth that covered his sex organs, passed between his thighs, up his oins, and around his waist. A tomahawk was stuck firmy in the sihi on his eft hip. Barbed spears and arrows were strewn a over the foor of the canoe. Many of the arrow heads and spears were made of stee rods. There were others that were made of back pam and had as many as six barbs on them. A fu ength crowbar with three barbs was tied to the end of the ongest poe they coud find. NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197hPAGE 9 t was amost pitch dark where Hoiri's canoe inched its way to a stgp, beow towering coconut pams. The tide was nearing its highest so Hoiri was abe to jump from the bow of the canoe on to the damp but firm soi. Whie the darkness swaowed him, his canoe noiseessy pued away. With the aid of his spear, he ocated the coconut trunks as he moved further away from the river. Hoiri seected a sizeabe trunk and stood with his back to it so that he was facing the river. He found that he coud see better. Foowing the ine of rippes, Hoiri was abe to make out the dark shape of his canoe which became smaer and smaer unti eventuay it was engufed by the night. Hoiri pressed his back firmy against the scaeike rings of the pam tree. Comfort and confidence traveed up his arm and into his body as his fingers meticuousy moved from one ring to the next. The tree was a companion, ta, soid and rough-skinned. t did not matter,that no conversation passed between them. n his eft hand, Hoiri hed his bow and arrows. One arrow was in pace ready to be set off at a moment's notice. The spear stood parae to his right side with the stee point just above his head. "How nice it woud be, if peope co-operated in the affairs of their day-today iving ike the two feet of a man," Hoiri thought. "One foot does not boast of hoding up the rest of the body onger than the other. f one is maimed, then the other accepts the respon-- sibiity without a grudge." There was a ruste of coconut fronds directy above Hoiri and something swished past his forehead, missed the tip of his nose by a fraction of an inch, and anded with a thud between his feet. Partices of soi spashed over his ankes. To his dismav, Hoiri discogered that his mind had suddeny decidid to fy were Their scanned the in a four directions without his permission. t eft ine and the surface of the river for that the body, which it was supposed to contro, paraysed. moved. Their ears were on the aert for the sound of the conch she which every canoe carried on board. "She has not been eaten yet," Sevese said in a voice that was deep and fu of anxiety. "No. There's no sme in the water. And there is no oiy substance in the scum when the tide changes. We shoud concentrate on the parts of the river and its tributaries that are on the seaward side." The sky was cear and the stars produced a dim ight, as if to hep the fustered humans down beow. A futter of wings overhead and Hoiri's senses began to return. His fingers oosened their grip on the cod meta on his hip. He was embarrassed that a smey creature no bigger than his fist coud easiy upset him ike that: the fying fox had dropped a smooth young coconut. t certainy was cose. "Coud it have been purposey aimed at me?" Hoiri asked himsef. t was hardy an accident. "The bird must have been directed by some power," Hoiri concuded. Continued next page

10 NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197GPACE 10 Hoiri was not sorry that the fying fox had dropped the nut. t came down dangerousy cose to knocking him unconscious. But it had aso prevented him from faing aseep standing up. Across the river, the four-star consteation which the peope ca 'Oamaaa' rose steadiy above the darkened greenish mass. Hoiri's eyes moved from the rea star to its refection in the water. t was not a perfect repica of the rea Oamaaa. A the four beams merged into one that reached amost to Hoiri's feet; the high tide had amost reached its highest point. For the time being seep made no further attempts to cast its spe over Hoiri's eyeids. Somewhere aong the same bank of the river, his cousin Meraveka was aso watching the water. t was beieved that this was the pace where the hunting magicians, riding the crocodie, woud meet their masters on the shore, who were waiting to receive the catch. Hoiri thought again about that nut. He was sure now, that someone must have protected him from its deady impact. Then suddeny his bood gathered warmth: why hadn't he thought of his ancestra namesake Hoiri? He remembered the time his father had tod him about the phenomena escape of his grandfather when they were on board the akatoi saiing to Moresby. Hoiri was overcome by a feeing of tremendous reief; he was not without an ay. Hoiri fet no onger dependent upon the steady coconut pam. He did not press his body so hard against its rough trunk. The fingers of his right hand moved, oosey probing areas of the trunk which they hadn't been over before. There was a deep sot that had been cut into the pam. Someone had cut his name deep into the poor tree. No thought of the pain that the tree had to put up with every time the knife or the axe cut deep into its ife. Hoiri's finger foowed the sot and traced the shape of the etter V. A moving object, fainty visibe, attracted Hoiri's attention. The object was moving upstream in a westeast direction. Gente rippes roed away from a baike object that formed the bow, a sure si.gn that the marine creature was a crocodie. The soft ight of the Oamaaa consteation was refected by one of the eyebas. But its coo bue gow was transformed into a reddish brown, morc ike the coas that are eft after the fames are out. Thick matter ike the web of a spider began to weave itsef rapidy in Hoiri's throat. His knees fet weak and then began to shake vioenty. Hoiri grapped with his mind to take contro of it so that he coud hat the vioent shaking. " said oved her and this 0 Browsing af Krisfen Pres booksta, Madartg Mnrkef. is my chance to take my revenge," he said to himsef. The musces in his body tightened. Hoiri bew a ow but fairy oud whiste and waited. "Yes, this is no ordinary crocodie," Hoiri said to himsef when he saw the crocodie make an about turn and head towards him. He heard a whiste, presumaby in repy to his, come from the direction of the crocodie. He did not repy, fearing he might give himsef away the second time. Sti the crocodie kept coming straight towards him. The edge of the water was no more than a foot away from where Hoiri stood. Finding itsef in shaow water, the reptie raised itsef on its egs and hands. The object that had seemed no more than a yard in ength a few seconds ago, seemed to transform itsef into a huge dugout canoe. With sow steps, the horrifying creature advanced; then it stopped. Hoiri did not dare to breathe. His sihi fet oose with the tomahawk out of it. Aready his fingers gripped the hande so tighty that, had it been hoow, it woud have crumbed between his fingers. "f ony coud have somebody here right now who woud throw the spear whie use the axe," Hoiri thought. The coconut pam, which he had eaned on for stabiity and comfort, now shieded him from the hideous beast. He knew that someone was aighting from the tai end of the crocodie. The spashes his feet made in the water were unmistakabe. The head of the crocodie was on dry and, so Hoiri coud not te whether anyone was aighting from that end. His eyes were fixed on the spashing footsteps that were moving towards him. He paced his spear oosey against the trunk, ready to use when he needed it. When the footsteps had come quite cose, Hoiri unged at the invisibe being with a his might. There

11 pppp-pp-- pp-h NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197GPAGE 11 was a scream that amost drowned Hoiri's batte cry. His axe had struck fast into some invisibe object, and before he coud retrieve it for a second bow it had disappeared into the night. Hoiri jumped aside from the tai of the crocodie to avoid having a the bones in his body broken. He hured his spear, and it struck deep behind the crocodie's right shouder. One after another, his arrows penetrated into the sinewy fesh. On the opposite bank of the river, the sound of a conch she rang oud and ong. n the coo night air, the sound was carried a ong way. A the canoes, that heard the origina sound, bew on theirs, reaying the message that the crocodie had been found. From the creeks and different parts of the river, canoes converged on Hoiri. The waves these canoes created apped against the banks of the river, awakening the crabs, frogs and mosquitoes. The shaking of the river reeds aso disodged fish that had found a haven under the dark waters. Many of them angriy streaked off as fast as they coud to the bottom of the river when the canoes came too near. "Son of Hoiri Sevese Ovou," Hoiri yeed, when he coud find the breath to do so. "From now you wi know the power of my hand!" By the time his canoe had reached him, Hoiri was very weak from exhaustion; he was exhausted from his one-man victory dance and not from fighting the crocodie. The peasure of seeing his enemy writhe in agony kept him going. n his exuberance, he shot a his remaining arrows into the air, eaving ony two as companions to his bow in his hand. The crocodie seemed unaware of Hoiri's presence. A the yeing that Hoiri made neither increased the swiping movement of its tai nor made it go into a frenzy. The greatest source of its troubes was Hoiri's big spear which must have gone through the ribs midway between the right arm and the right eg. The point of the spear was ceary visibe from the underside of the reptie as it tried to reieve the pain by keeping it off the ground. Hoiri was amazed at the rapidity at which this enormous creature spun itsef around, sometimes cockwise and at other times anticockwise. t seemed dizzy and confused in its directions. At one time it came to rest with its head pointing directy at the coconut pam which shieded Hoiri. t was ony by pressing his nose and mouth firmy against the coconut trunk that Hoiri avoided inhaing a dangerous quantity of the scorching breath fu of the stench of rotting vegetabe matter. The dawn sky had opened up, and, for the first time since the tragedy, the sun seemed to shine sympatheticay, happy that the exhaustive search had been fruitfu. But just as its ife warming rays had kinded the hope of the men, it aso enabed the crocodie to reconsider its position and act wisey. The stee point of the spear dug a sma trench as it aboured to reach the water. Whenever the point got caught in a shaow root, the crocodie roared ike a bu in pain. But its senses were too ate in returning. Just as its head went under water, it had to stop. Sharp tomahawks were quicky cutting through the base of its tai. n vain its powerfu caws dug deep into the mud as it was being haued up onto the and. Soon these too became useess. When it opened its mouth, a short stick sharpened on both ends was stuck fast between the upper and ower jaws. t was Hoiri's priviege to dea the fata bow. Sevese handed his son a midde-sized axe. The first bow ony made a dent and produced a ot of sparks. On the second bow, the axe stuck fast, embedded in the sku. How The Missionaries Came To Buin John Bonu The viages of the Akanbosi can at the southern tip of Bougainvie were usuay quiet and peacefu paces. The peope went about their tasks -hunting, fishing and gardening-and prospered in a they did. But if they visited each other in their houses at night, they woud usuay tak about the ast big fight. This was the time when the Togana warriors from Shortand sand crossed

12 pp NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197GPAGE 12 - the sea in their canoes, and swept through the viages of the Akanbosi and their coasta kinsmen, the Nomororai can. Some time after that big batte, when the Nomororai dared to return to their ands, they rebuit their viage, Unakau, at the deta of the Moin River. From here, they coud ook out over the sea towards the isand of the Toganas. They coud make out the curs of smo!ce from Togana fires rising into the sky, and, every day, kept carefu watch to make sure that raiding enemies woud not catch them whie they were unprepared. Though the fight with the Togana had taken pace a on? time ago, it was sti taked about so much by the Akanbosi and the Nomororais that even the young chidren of the viages knew they had to be carefu of their enemies who ived across the water. The peope of the two cans used to come together at Unakau viage for meetings with the chief, and, to the west of the viage, a watchtower had been buit. This was in the spreading branches of a huge fig tree that grew up to 120 feet. The watchtower was ike a room buit into the tree-top and was big enough to hod four peope. As the sun sank each evening, the four night watchers cimbed into the tree, and the four who had been there a day woud cimb down and return to the viage. One person was on watch a the time; the other three sept or taked together or prepared food. A of the viage boys had to take a turn in the watchtower, and they were tod that this job was as important as any other done in the viage. And hearing so much about the time the Togana wariors had come made it easy for the boys to beieve that the watch-keeping was very important. The Togana canoes had come on the first day of the south-eastery winds which heped them to sai across the rough waters. Every year since, the Akanbosi and the Nomororai hed a feast on that day in memory of the invasion and how they had stood together. They feared that the start of the south-eastery winds might once again bring the Topana to their viages, and by havinq a feast and brineing a the peope together on that day, they woud be more ready to meet invaders. At the feast, oods were bartered, gifts exchanged, and marriages were arranged. Both cans had been busy preparinq for the annua feast when one morning, they heard the "Tung! tung!" of the chiefs specia drum caing them to a meeting at Unakau. The chiefs and the counci of

13 --p- NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197hPAGE 13 eders sat on stoos in the cearing, and Chief Pinike of the Akanbosi rose to speak to a the viagers who came running. "My peope," he said. "This morning the watchers saw a big canoe disappear behind the point. We are afraid the Togana might be returning. The chiefs have taked together and we think it wi be best for everybody to eave the viages. We must pack up everything we can carry and take it into the mountains." The peope a murmured together, aarmed at the news, and Chief Baisi rose to speak. He asked for vounteers - some of the fighting men - to remain behind with him and watch what went on. Then he said, "My peope! We shoud eave nothing for the enemy to use. Let him come and find nothing. Then he may not want to come back at another time. When we eave the viages, et us set fire to a the houses." Though the viagers did not want to destroy what had taken them so ong to make, they agreed with Chief Baisi's pan. Everyone went back to their own houses, and each viage was a scene of great activity as women, girs, chidren, and the od, packed their beongings into bundes ready for their escape into the his. Far to the north were mountains, and in the mountains, caves, which woud do to ive in unti they coud safey return to the coast. At ast the "Tung! tung!" of the big drums sounded again - the signa for the viagers to eave on their ong wak. Soon the air was fied with smoke from the fames that ept up from the burning houses, and Chief Baisi and his vounteers fet sad as their viages fe into ash around them. From the watchtower and the branches of other trees, they peered at the coastine, especiay at the point behind which the big canoe had been seen. They had not ong to wait. Attracted by the smoke from the viages, a party of men soon came over the brow of the hi towards the pace where Chief Baisi and his vounteers were hiding. But to the surprise of the chief and his men, they saw that the newcomers were not Togana warriors. They were strange-ooking men with white skins. The viagers had never seen men of this kind before, and they were fied with fear. They watched whie these strange new men moved about the burning viage, taking about what was happening. Why was the viage burning? Where had a the peope gone? Some of the white men moved towards the fig- tree where Chief Baisi and some of his men were hiding. They did not want to be caught up the tree, so they jumped to the ground and ran quicky into the forest. When they were safey shetered among the banana pams, they hid again to watch the strangers. One of the white men had foowed them, and he advanced towards them making signs with his hands. He went back to the other white men and picked up some things from the ground, and came back towards Chief Baisi's watchers, hoding out his gifts for them. There was an axe, a banket, and some beads. Then Chief Baisi saw that the white men had some natives with them, and that the white men were abe to tak with them in a strange anguage. These natives were then abe to tak with Chief Baisi, and so the white men and the Akanbosi and Nomororai were abe to uderstand each other. The white men were French missionaries who had come in peace to te the peope of Bougainvie about their God. The big canoe that had been seen by watchers in the tower was the Mission ship, "Santa Maria," which was now at anchor behind the point. As the sun set, the missionaries returned to their ship and the eders set off towards the mountains to take their news to the escaping viagers. By the next morning, most of the peope had returned to their viages, and many of them thought they had been far too hasty in destroying everything before they ran away. Now it woud a have to be buit up again - the houses, the pig fences, and the gardens. The missionaries came ashore again and said that some of them were wiing to stay and hep the peope in their rebuiding. One of the natives, who coud speak the white -man's anguage, was Pau Baonan, and he tod the viagers that he was a Togana. 'LYou have nothing more to fear from the Togana," he said. "The white men now ive among the Togana and have taught us the ways of peace. They want to do the same thing here." The Akanbosi and Nomororai were deighted with this news. That is how the missionaries came to Buin, and with them, a ong time of peace for the coasta peopes. "Read", the quartery adut iteracy magazine (25 cents a copy: from the Summer nstitute of Linguistics, P.O. Box 43, Ukammpa, E.H.D.), shoud be of interest to our readers.

14 NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST PAGE 14 A Morning At Koki Market Aain Waike Koki Market - about a mie and a haf from the main shopping area of Port Moresby - has become the unofficia town centre for the Papuan peope. Here, members of the many coasta and isand tribes gather each day to trade their goods, to gossip, to earn what is going on in other parts of their country. Koki Market is famous throughout the Pacific, and attracts tourists from a over the word when they come to New Guinea. Amost any day you wi see visitors from other countries wandering among the stas, cameras sung over their shouders, waiting to take their pictures of the characters and the sights that beong to Koki. And the peope of Koki are not sow in their trading ways. Some of them charge tourists a sma fee before they wi et photographs be taken. Seing is the very ife-bood of Koki Market, and anything that can be sod is put to use. Though Koki Market can certainy be caed an exciting pace, it is by no means a beauty spot. t is hot, dusty, often dirty, and very often smey as we. Peope who come from Lae, Goroka and Rabau say that Koki is nowhere near as good as the markets in their towns. t has not so much to offer in the way of fruit and vegetabes, and the prices are said to be much higher than in the other markets. A great rnany of the Koki Market traders wi not argue over prices; they set their figure and stick to it, and wi not be "beaten down" by those who think the prices are too high. Koki Market had its humbe beginnings at the end of Word War 11, when there were ony two sma market houses there. But it has grown amost each month since then, and now covers about two acres of ground. Further deveopments are panned. Land in Koki Bay is being recaimed from the sea, and Gabudu sand, which is joined to Koki by a causeway, is being eveed by budozers to provide further market amenities as we as recreationa areas. Gabudu sand has a grim history. Tt was once a prison where those who did not behave as they shoud served the sentences imposed upon them by the courts. There are sti men to be found at Koki who remember Gabudu when it was a prison, and who wi jokingy reca having spent a hoiday thcre "at Government expense." n the eary days of Koki Market, ony a few traders, from Hua, Mekeo, and Rigo, took their goods - to se there. Now they come from a much wider area, and on a busy Saturday morning, you may even see Europeans getting rid of their od cothes and furniture at a Koki sta. A sma fee of ten cents is charged to trade in the market. Koki is ths ony market in the Territory which is open seven days a week, and ike most other markets in the country, Saturday is the big day. Whie other markets in the territory have we buit stas under soid roofs for the traders, Koki Market authorities have done itte to give their traders sheter from sun and weather. There arp severa sections of roofed stas under a thin thatch, b ~ many t of the traders spread their goods out op bags or mats in the open. n the rainy season, shopping at Koki can be a very muddy adventure, whie in the dry weather, dust coats everything thicky. There are three distinct sections of Koki Market: the fish market, the meat and game market, and the fruit and vegetabes section. The fish section is argey run by the Hua tribe, famous as fishermen, whose home territory is about 60 mies from Port Moresby aong the south-east coast. The Hua peope are thought to be Poynesian. They wi go fishing by day and by night, and whie at Koki, draw their canoes up on the beach and seep in them. Fish that is not sod on the day it is caught wi be smoke-cured on the beach for sae at the next day's market. Between the market area and the beach where. many of the market peope ive in houseboats, great pies of rubbish - eaves and branches from the fruit and vegetabe stas-are kept pied up ready to burn for smoking the fish. Many of the Hua peope have their base at Daugo or Fisherman's sand in Moresby harbour, fishing by night, and taking the catch to Koki in the eary morning.

15 - ~.-~ NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197O--PACE? Chief among the gardening peope are the tribestien from Rigo whose home is some 40 mies from Port Moresby. A good road now enabes them to bring their produce to Koki without too much troube. The traditiona hunters are the Koeari and Doura peope, who, though short in stature, are known as fierce fighters and dangerous foes in time of war. They come from the Sogeri and Brown River districts. Apart from hunting, the Doura peope are aso famous for their dancing. Mekeo peope come from the coasta pain, and are ta and we-buit, most remarkabe for their fuzzy hair and their ove of brighty cooured cothes. Many Mekeo women are tattoed, and at home they do the garden work. The Mekeos bring their bete-nut and vegetabe crops to market by canoe, but sometimes they wi even come by pane to se them. Among the other tribes to be found seing goods at Koki are the Toaripi peope who trave over a hundred mies to se their sago. The Toaripi women aso make a very fine white ime which is used with bete-nuts. To cover the great distance from their home ground to the market, the Toaripi's often use doube-canoes driven by outboard motors. One of the reasons given for the higher prices at Koki Market is that in Papua transport is so much more difficut and more costy than in other parts of the Territory. n other centres, such as Rabau, market gardens and fishing grounds are paced cose to the market, and the produce does not have to be carried over ong distances to the seing-point. n the Centra District, though, the road system is not good, nor do crops grow easiy in the poorer soi of the south. A of these things add to the scarcity of goods. and their costs, at Koki Market. Sti, Koki Market remains one of the more coourfu paces to visit in Port Moresby. Without question, it coud be improved, both in terms of appearance and in genera faciities. Without very great cost, it coud be made a most attractive Papuan centre, something which the peope of Papua and New Guinea coud be proud of. and which woud make a memorabe pace for our visitors to see when visiting our capita city.

16 NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197GPAGE pppp Breaking The Ear Kurnaau Tawai "Have you hearci?" asked Makaras. "What is the thing?" wondered Hian. "They say they are going to break the ear of ToLios' son." "To some of us the ear breaking means a ot. Rut Tokios woud say that it is nothing." "Maybe the boy's unces have saied to Lumhucho sand." "Eh! A ong time ago. By now they wi have drowned their canoes with coconuts. They may be on their way home." "The boy's mother must be very busy." t was true. At the other side of the viage there was much noise as the preparations for the ceremony went on. "One hundred sago are at the od man's house," said the mother. "t's Poin's." Father just nodded. He was taciturn. Now his mind was saiing far away. He was worried about his brothers-in-aw. t was the season of the chiar, the north-west wind. For the past two weeks it had been bowing strongy and incessanty. But the day they saied it had been unusuay cam. t was sti cam now, though the chiar had begun to bow softy again. "Te Kanawi and the other chidren to cimb up some coconut trees to see if they are coming!" Kanawi was ony too wiing to do so. He cimbed up a taisa tree. "Eh, eh, they are coming! They are saiing there! They have amost reached the two rocks," Kanawi shouted and cimbed down from his tree. Aready the conch shes were sounding from the canoes: ponooo - poooooo - poooooo. "Eh, it's them," said the mother. "Both canoes. Two sais, two sais." "When they and, bring them to the house. They must a eat, before they unoad the coconuts," the father said. "Oh, my cousin Poin!" shouted Kanawi, as the first canoe came in. "You sai ike you do not sai. You sai ike you fy." The second canoe was aso coming in now. "Poin! Chapau! A come in," the mother invited. "Oh, you a have come." "Oh! Ua! We have come." -"Post-Courier" Picture They a sat down. Whie the father taked to the men, the mother quicky cooked sago and mixed it with scraped coconut. She paced the sago into severa bows and paced them before her brothers. They ate the sago with tuna fish that had been caught the same day. When they had finished the sago they drank soup. They washed their hands. The father went into his sma store house and brought some bete nuts and pepper eaf. They chewed the bete nuts and taked about the expedition. * * * "Makaras, did you hear the shouts? Who were they?" asked Hian. "t was them! The ones who went to Lumbucho." "Where are they a?" "Where ese, but at kanau's house? The father of the boy must feed them first. Soon they' come punting over here to unoad their coconuts." "Here they come. This is Poin's canoe anding now." Hian pushed her head through the window, to ook. "Siai! The coconuts are drowning their canoes!" ''Where are they going?" "To Weya's house. The breaking of the ear wi take pace there." * * * The next day was the day of the ceremony. Kanawi was amazed to see how many peope contributed food for his big day. A mother's reatives contributed. Even the most distant ones. Atogether there were two hundred sagos, five hundred taros, two hundred tunas, ten turtes and many other things. How much work was invoved in it a, Kanawi thought? One day he woud have to do this himsef for his sister's chidren. The cooking of the food went on unti mid-

17 NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 1970-PAGE 17 afternoon. The piercing of the ears was to take pace then. Kanawi was sitting on the foor in the midde of the house. His unce Poin came and he began to pinch his earobes with thumb and forefinger unti they became red and thin. This 'was to make the piercing easier. Then the painfu part of the ceremony began: "Kanawi is my name and gave it to him. Now, when break his ears, this is my mark. When they ask: Who broke Kanawi's eais? They wi say: Poin, the son 'of Tai Weya. Now that am piercing his ears, want him to be ike me." Kanawi fet a sharp pain when his unce pierced the ears, but it was soon over. There was bood fowing down from the obes. The piercing instrument was a cyindrica piece of imbung wood, sharpened at one end. The hoes made in the obes were fied with * * * For the next two weeks Kanawi had to remain twisted coconut fibres. in the house of his grandfather, the house of Weya. t seemed a ong time to Kanawi. For at the end of that time he woud be aowed to go out with the men on their fishing trips to prove himsef a man. He waited impatienty. But at ast.... "The waiting days for the boy are over, " said Unce Poin. "We' take him to his father and mother." Then he padded Kan'awi over to his parents' pace by canoe. His father was very happy to see him. And that day he began to put the dogs' teeth and shes together, with which to pay his in-aws for the ceremony. That evening the father and his cousin Kichawen were panning to go fishing. "Tomorrow, at first cock crow. Don't hod on to your wife for too ong, or you won't wake up," the father teased his cousin. "The tide wi be ow and the sma fishes wi not be abe to return to the deep water quicky. They' be waiting for us. So just carry your body and your testices and come!" When Kichawen had gone, Kanawi asked his father: "Where wi you go?" "Both of us are going to catch kepa. Then over to Lcmpwan to hook some mopers there." " am coming aboard." Kanawi said. "You may, if you ike." Kanawi said nothing, which meant he was coming. * * * Just before the first cock crew Kanawi heard his father saying: "kanau! kanau! Wake up. and cook some food for the boy. He is coming with us." Then he went and started to scrape some coconut; the mother it the fire and started to fry some 1 WANTOK 1 The Pidgin Newspaper for f Popuans and New Guineons 1 Pubished 1 Fortnighty Write to: 1 Wantok Pubications nc. f 1 P.O. Box 298, Wewak, 1 1 New Guinea 4 i sago. When the sago was cooked she mixed it with coconut and paced it in a bow. She put a smoked muet on top and the father brought the bow over to his son. "Kanawi, Kanawi!" "Oi!" "Are you coming, or not?" At this Kanawi jumped up ike ightning. "This is your food. Do you want to eat it now?" "No, 1'11 eat it on the canoe." t was sti dark when they went aboard. They taked in soft voices. "We' go," the father said. "We' go. What ese?" said Kichawen. "Nothing more." The father took one padde and went to the prow, Kichawen took the other padde and went to the stern. The first cock crew, when the canoe was afoat. They padded and padded without ever breaking the rhythm. "Neary," said the father, breaking the ong sience. "There is the point!" They padded around the point and he said again: "We've gone!" By now they coud see each other ceary. "There! Can you see them? They're being

18 NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197GPAGE 10 scattered by some gropers," said Kichawen. "Bring out the net, Kanawi." Kanawi went and took the net from its pace near the out-rigger. He started to unro it. "Can you do it?" his father asked. "t seems not," Kanawi said, embarrassed. "Give it to me and watch. This goes up, and this goes down. Then you can start tying it up" The men, hoding the net between them, waded through the ow tide. "Kanawi, hod the canoe and stay behind us." The men made for the matachau, a depression in the reef, where the water was a itte deeper. They waited. Then the sma fish were bombarded by gropers and they came swarming through the matachau. Like cranes staking fish, the two men moved up sowy. "Ekiu," said one of them and they pushed the two poes in on both sides and the sma fish fooded the net. That one catch was enough for that day. They padded on to Lompwan. Kanawi threw the ive bait overboard and in answer severa young gropers came up darting. So they anchored and fished. When their ive bait was finished some seventy gropers were ying in their canoe. Enough for a day's expedition. They turned towards home. They stopped briefy at Pei sand. Kanawi cimbed some coconut trees and cut some of the nuts. They ate and drank them on their way home. t was quite dark when they arrived. That night, when the mother cooked the evening mea, Kanawi tried to reca what he had earned that day: how to tie the net; how to put the bait on the hook; how to catch the sma fish with the net. t a seemed simpe enough. He was od enough now. His father had been doing these things since he was his age. But Kanawi knew that he woud have to earn a great dea more. He was not a "rea man" yet. He woud have to prove his manhood by his doings. The young girs woud be watching him now. They were not ooking for beauty - they were ooking for a good fisherman, a man of strong character. The task ahead was big. But he was now on his way: his ear had been broken. How Wai Deat With A Thief Bob Giegao n the od days before the white man came to the Highands of New Guinea, the Korou tribesmen were known far and wide as fierce fighters. Their fighting eader was a young man named Wai. His father had taught him to shoot the bow and to carry a shied and spears whie he was sti a young boy, and most of the games the boys of the viage payed were about fighting and shooting. As they grew oder, the boys joined with the men when they went on their war parties. By this time, they had had penty of practice in fighting. The Korou tribesmen ony went on war parties in the daytime. At night, women and chidren were ocked up in the houses, whie the men guarded the viage. Wai became such a good fighter that he was made fight eader whie he was sti a young man and his name became known a over the district. The Korou won a battes with their enemies. When Wai ed his men into batte, he woud often carry ony his cubs. Throwing aside his shied, spears, and the bow and arrows, he woud run towards

19 NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197kPAGE 19 the enemy waving his cubs and yeing the most terribe cries. The sight of Wai running towards them used to fi the enemy with terror. Though they were using bows and arrows, none ever seemed to hit Wai, so the enemy probaby thought he had magic powers and that no arrow coud touch him. And so the name, GR, was added to his own name, and he was then caed Waigiri. "Giri" means "spirit." When he was given the new name, Waigiri became more fierce, brave, and crue than ever before, and because the Korou beat them in so many fights, the neighbouring tribes started to move further and further away from where the Korou ived. With so much fighting, in those days, many of the tribes had itte time for gardening. They moved from pace to pace gathering their food by fishing, or hunting birds, and coecting roots and fruit. But because nobody dared attack the Korou viages, they started to have bigger gardens and to grow more of their own food. One day, Waigiri's father, who was growing too od to fight, and who spent most of his time growing food. went and compained to his son. "Somebody has been steaing bananas from my garden." "Tonight wi watch for you," said Waigiri. That night, Waigiri took four of his favourite warriors, and they went to hide in his father's garden. Just as they were about to get through the fence. they heard a noise from inside. Waigiri put one of the warriors to watch on each side of the garden, then quiety he et himsef in. Tt was dark, and Wai~iri thought he coud see someone moving about in the garden, but he sat down and waited for the moon to rise. Soon, when the moon rose above the trees, Waiqiri coud see quite ceary a man moving among the trees. He rose to his feet, sprang suddeny, and gabbed the man by the neck. He screamed and tried to escape, but Waigiri's four warriors rushed into the earden, and there was no hope for him. Peope from the viage came running to the garden to see what the noise was about. Among them was Waigiri's father. "That's the feow who's been steaing my bananas," he said when he saw the thief, and struck him a bow on the face. The thief was very frightened. Everybody wanted a turn at hitting him. Waigiri ordered his peope to coect firewood and strong ropes. The thief screamed and strugged to get free but he was quicky tied up. "Now," said Waigiri, "Light the fire and we' cook the bananas that our friend has cut for us." The fire was it and begun to burn fiercey. Waigiri ordered more wood to be thrown on. "Now throw on the bananas," he said, and his peope did as they were tod. "Now throw on the thief," said Waigiri. The thief strugged and cried,. but he was picked up and thrown into the heart of the fire and hed there with ong poes. "Nobody wi rob the viage or the gardens of Waigiri," the fight eader said oudy for a to hear. "We wi not et any of our enemies off easiy." Some of Waigiri's peope thought they might be attacked by the thief's friends when they heard about what had happened to him. But there were none brave enough to do it. When the news of how Waigiri had burned the thief in his garden got around a that happened was that the other tribes seemed to move even further away from the ands of the Korou.

20 p--. - NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197GPAGE 20 - pp The Pakupak Jacob Simet The moon had gone to the west to take its rest, and the sun was coming over the his, sending its tentace-ike rays through the forest. The morning was quiet except for the singing of birds. But far, far away from his viage a man was running breathessy through the forest. He had started his run at about midnight and now it was six in the morning and he was sti on his way. He was a itte short man of about 30 with short back hair and beard. His eyes ooking straight ahead, he foowed the footpaths that ed from viage to viage. With his dark sma eyes ooking straight ahead and his mind working on the business he was after, he ran over his, down gueys, across streams. He was itte ToPakupak, the message carrier, trying to deiver the message to the viagers that one of their reatives had died. He had been doing this job for a coupe of years. Most viages in which he operated had some sympathy for him. They gave him canoes whenever he needed them, trying to make his job easier. This time, a man had died in the night and he was trying to deiver his messase to friendy viages. t sometimes took him days but he usuay got the message through. The dry season had gone - it was now the wet. A man ay dead in his house, with reatives weeping over him. t was six o'cock, and itte ToPakupak was sti on his way. But he was running much sower and was ooking very sad. Was it because he was tired? Was it a reative of his who was dead? Anyway, he was trying hard to deiver the message. t was raining and cod but he urged himsef on. At the top of a hi he coud see the sun's rays. and knew it was aready morning. He was peased at this, because he had been running in pitch darkness. As he neared the top of the hi, he saw a figure against the skyine. The sihouette was sti. and he recognised it as that of an od woman. Without the sightest feeing of fright he ran up to this woman who was standing in his path. He stopped about five yards from her. The spirit-woman ordered him to advance. He obeyed her and came coser. Putting her hand on his shouders, she started to speak. She said that she had seen ToPakupak running on the path many times, in bad weather, ooking very exhausted. And now, she said, since he had no chidren and had been a very hepfu itte man, she was going to change him into a bird, so he coud do his job much faster. After some magic words. ToPakupak was changed by the woman into bird form. There he was, sitting on the ground in front of her. A few more magic words sent ToPakupak fying off in the direction he had been going. n every viage he made a specia cry. which the peope had never heard before, and they understood that something was wrong somewhere. After deivering the message he went back to ive with the od ady, and when anything important happened he went around spreading the message. And sti today, when a person dies or somebody is attacked by a beast, ToPakupak goes around spreading the news. And the itte bird, the Pakupak. is respected everywhere. Today's Stories from New Guinea (Kristen Pres; 40 cents) contains three good modern stories. One, caed "Kai Firtds t Tough", is hr Worike Narewe, from Morobe District; the other two are oy Austraian missionaries. Avaiabe from Christian Book Centre, hadang; C.L.C. Bookshop, Boroko; Namasu Bookshop, Lae.

21 NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197GPAGE 2! Officers of the Government Department of information and Extension Services recording interviev~s with Koki Market vendors. About Some New Books... A number of sma books, some of which have in then: poems written by peope of Papua and New Guinea, are cow being p~~bished. The books beong to the Popun Porker Ports series, which is being coected by Uii Beier. Senior Lecti~r-r in Engish at the University of Papua and New Guinea, Port horesby. Mr. Reier has done : ot of work in coecting writings by the native peopes of African countries, and has pubished many books about it. He has heped many Africans to write and print books. Not a of the Pnpra Pocket Poets series is written by peope of the Territory. Some haw been written by Af~icans, some by ndians, and ndonesians and haays. Others are by peope of many isands in the Pacific Ocean. But they have been written by the dark-skinned peop-s who beong to those paces. These poems are put into the books so that Mr. Heier's st~~dents at the ~nivcr~sity can read them and know what the native peope of other ands have done. One of :hese books is caed "Aia", and is a coection of hekeo songs, written into Engish bj, the poet Aan Natachee. Some of them te of the creation of the earth

22 NEW GUNEA WRTNG, NO. 1, AUGUST 197WAGE 22 by the gods of the Mekeo, others sing of war, of sorrow, of poverty, and of everyday feeings. Here is the poem "Aia", from which the book gets its name: Aia waks on the road Aia a naked. He waks on the road. Aia my hand is fautess, Aia a naked, My hand is faotess. Aia you shake your spear, Aia a naked, You shake your spear. Aia in war decoration Aia a naked Aia in war decoration. Another of the books is caed "Love Poems of Papua and New Guinea". They have been coected and written down by high schoo students and students at the university. From Rigo comes this short poem, "The Snake Bride". written down by Lahui Sabadi: 0 mother, o father, what tai am hoding? Python's tai is sticky, python's tai is sippery. Daughter of a chief, a gift to the python. Poems about the ove between young men and women are often very short and very tender. They seem to have ony one thing they want to say, but the poets find many different and beautifu ways of saying it. E. Emori, a university student, wrote this one: Last night you came to ie on my head rest. With futtering stomach awoke from my dream. This poem, written down by James Numbaru, of Goroka Secondary Teachers Coege, comes from Yuo sand: Two white birds Fy fy together, Sit sit together, One fruit on a tree Stea stea together, Eat eat together, Swaow swaow together, Take off, take off, together, Fy fy away together, Sit sit together. Another book is caed "Birds Pierce the Sun". A of the poems in it were written by chidren in different parts of the word. gnas Benny, from Brandi High Schoo, wrote th~s short poem which he caed 'The Sea": The sea is an angry dog. t ros and bursts on the white angry shore. When the sea is hungry you cannot swim or surf in it. t swaows you ike a bird swaowing insects. Aso from Brandi High Schoo, at Wewak, comes this poem "Back Home", written by Skphen Andimba. t is a sadder poem than the others: Two years 'd been to schoo and went home. n the viage saw my sister. She tod me, "Our mother is dead." put my baggage in my sister's room, And ooked around the house. Then started to memorise my mother's face. saw every singe thing ying dusty - Her kitchen, cooking pots, knives, her bium and waking staff. eft the house and went down the steps, And waked around the house. saw nothing. Ony the tick grass and bushes. coudn't imagine her face, My mind was fu of sorrow and saw the trees going around. My eyes started with tears. There are two other books, which are coections of New Guinea songs, caed "Lim Libur" and "Akaru". "Lim Libur" - which means "wakabout songs" - is a coection of songs and poems from New Britain. They are printed in both Kuanua and Engish. Some of them are od songs of the Toai peope, but many more are modem and funny and te you about young peope in ove. n the same way, "Akaru" is a coection of traditiona songs from southern Bougainvik, printed in both the Buin anguage and Engish. Here are some of the striking images in a ong poem, "Renremu", which is a woman's song at a young boy's initiation ceremony: Bamboo shoot, come down so we can see you, o you fedgeing parrot! from where you are shut up in the house... Your unce, the hornbi, seaed the door with your own beongings... Your brother, the scented fern, seaed the door with the Bibe... Your grandfather, the ficus, seaed the door with red she money... Two more books wi aso be in the bookshops soon. They are caed "Kakaie Kakaie" (Toai Songs) and "Wiiwi" (Pidgin Songs). These books are ony a beginning, but they show us how interestingy our peope can write. f you want to read more of them, you can buy copies at most of the bookshops in Papua and New Guinea.

23 ----p -p- NEW GUNEA WRTNG. NO. 1. AUGUST 1970-PAGE 23 By Keith Buchanan LOVE 1: Lyrica essays on ove and vioence and the dehumanization of our word PRNTNG & STATONERY suppying the Territory with ji Letterpress Printing ji Offset Printing ji Stationery ji Office Equipment this hook "-The Advertiser, Adeaide New 'nstant Printing' Service jt Annua Report Printing ji Specia Bookets. Pamphets, Magazines Port Mcresby Box 633, phone 2981 Lae Box 759, Phone 3344 Mt. Hagen Box 30, phone 230 Cabe: 'PRNTER', Port Moresby

24 Ten Thousand Years in a Lifetime By Abert Maori Kiki A paperback edition of the best-seing autobiography has been reeased. Avaiabe now: $1.95. The Cheshire Group Pubishers 346 St. Kida Road, Mebourne 3004 i Some hate it.... others aud it, but every- 1 1 body's reading THE HOT LAND By John Ryan Macmian $5.95 i Macmian says: "... the ) most exciting book ever pubished by the Mac. mian Company of Austraia'* Author Ryan: "The New Guinea sand is far too compex for any one writer, especiay a European. 'd ike to see oca peope--those who know exacty what is happening here - start writing their own books, quicky." ORDER NOW TO CATCH THE FNAL COPES A journaist's view of Papua-New Guinea and ndonesian West rian... a hard-hitting, sometimes anti-government story of ordinary peope, their probems, their comments, tbzir thoughts about what's been happening on the New Guinea sand, especiay since 1962.! i 107 Moray Street, 1 Macmian south Mebourne, Victoria 3205 ( 4 NEW t 1 GUNEA 1 NEWS SERVCE News,PubishingandPubic Reations Representing: American Associated Press, Time- Life nternationa, Reader's Digest, Pacific sands Monthy, Pacific sands Trade News, Wantok 4 Pubications (Wewak!, Copey News Service, NBC News, Macquarie Broadcasting Service, Radios 1 2GB (Sydney), 3DB, 3LK, 3AW (Mebourne), N ZBC, Sunday Express. Pubishing: P.S.A. BULLETN for P.S.A., COUNCLLOR/KAUNSLA for Loca Government Asociation, KUMUL for Poice Association, COUNTRY WOMAN far C.W.A., THE KB for t 1 Co-operatives Movement, NEW GUNEA WRTNG for Bureau of Literature, BABALAU itor Medica Coege students, PANGU PAT1 NUS, and the hard-hitting weeky newsetter on i 1 i business and poitics..... 'NSDE NEW GUNEA' Pubic reations for: Loca Government Association, South Cabes:"Newsboy" 1 t Pacific Motor Sports Cub, Federation of Commonweath Mai: Box 5050, Boroko 1 Chamber of Commerce, South Pacific Aero Cubs, Eric White 'Phones: t Associates (A.H ) t i i i

25 Shaping a Nation An apprentice at the Eectricity Commission's Hohoa Training Centre works with a athe. n the Commission wi spend over haf a miion doars training young Papuans and New Guineans to shape this Nation. tomorrow is eectric

26 And more. n fact you' probaby give up counting. t's the mirace poymer coating on the edge that gives you unbeievaby ong asting comfort, more smooth cose shaves h than a. any other bade, every one as easy as the first... shm after shave after shave after shave.after shave after shave after shave...

27 p- -p p - -p- --p -- AB C PUBLCATONS These pubications are now on sae: ' 1. Beethoven Centenary Poster. Originay printed to advertise A.B.C. concerts in ihis Beethoven Centenary Year. 'The design is particuary striking. $1.00-each. The posters measure 27" X 33" and are printed in purpe and back. They show Beethoven's face and the egend "A.B.C. Concert Series Beethoven Centenary Year." 2. Around the Bush, with Vincent Senenty. A companion to the TV series of the same iite. 60 cents. 3. Astronomica nsights. 60 cents. 4. Three Litte Pigs (Tripea Likik Pik). 1 Re-recorded and is now avaiabe. 30 cents. 5. Famiy Law. 1 From the weeky segment in Morning Ca. 25 cents. -j$- THE A.B.C. COOKBOOK 1 Of the hundreds of recipes broadcast during the past decade in Morning Ca this book contains a seection of the most often requested. 60 cents. 1) i! THE PRVATE MAN The 1969 Boyer Lecture by Professor Zeman Cowen. 30 cents. *. LATE NGHT SEMNARY A specia A.B.C. Radio series recorded by six authorities which sets out to answer questions such as: What are the ivey areas of debate about Christianity today? 30 cents. DALOGUE ON THE RESURRECTON OF JESUS Four taks by the A.B.C. March/Apri The Rev. Norman Webb and the Rev. Dr. Kevin Wash. 20 cents. fi THE FARMER'S WAY A seection of country taks by Fraser Parkes. 25 cents. -j$- SMALL FARMERS N TROUBLE A series of six A.B.C. Radio taks originay broadcast under the tite of The Probems of Austraia's Low-ncome Farmer;. 25 cents.

28