Exodus!! Lesson*#12* Book*of*the*Covenant,*Part*2 * (Exodus(22:(6( (24:(18)((

Transcription

1 Exodus Lesson*#12* Book*of*the*Covenant,*Part*2 * Exodus22:6 24:18)

2 Review InLesson#10,welearnedthatthecovenantsBpulaBonstheTen Commandments,orten principles )mustbeappliedinspecific cases,andwebeganexploringthebookofthecovenantexodus20: 22 23:33)tolearnhow*thoseprinciplesareapplied. DrawingontheCodeofHammurabiasasourceandstructural template,thebookofthecovenantmaybedividedintofourparts: 1. CulBcordinances20:22T26); 2. LegalprescripBons21:1 22:16); 3. Religious,moralandculBcinstrucBons22:17 23:19);and 4. Epilogue23:20T33) Exodus24:1T18thenraBfiesthecovenantasawhole.

3 Preview InLesson#12weconBnueexploringthe legalprescripbons, workingourwaytotheendofthebookofthecovenant, whereweconcludewithgodrabfyingthecovenant. 1. CulBcordinances20:22T26); 2. LegalprescripBons21:1 22:16); 3. Religious,moralandculBcinstrucBons22:17 23:19); and 4. Epilogue23:20T33) Conclusion:GodraBfiesthecovenant24:1T18)

4 AsweenterLesson#12weconBnuewherewele[off midwayinlesson#11atexodus22:6. 1. CulBcordinances20:22T26); 2. LegalprescripBons21:1 22:16); 3. Religious,moralandculBcinstrucBons22:17 23:19);and 4. Epilogue23:20T33)

5 Thisseeminglyrandommiscellanyoflawsthatspans21:1 22: 16hasastructurallogictoitthatiseasytomiss,unlessyou knowwheretolook AsRobertAltersuggests,theorderof theselawsislargelydeterminedby recurring*key*words*orthemacc* associacons: AcloselookrevealsaconvenBonusedin biblicalnarrabveoflinkingtwoadjacentunits usingthesamewordtwice,butwithtwo differentmeanings.in22:4,forexample,the verbhiv ir tocausetograze )isused,andin 22:5itisusedinitsothersense, tosetafire. AsforthemaBcassociaBon,verses4&5are linkedtotheclusterofversesattheendof chapter21whichdealwithdamagescausedby one slivestock.

6 LegalprescripBonsregardingstolenordamagedproperty 22:6T16)

7 TheBookoftheCovenant 1. CulBcordinances20:22T26); 2. LegalprescripBons21:1 22:16); 3. Religious,moralandculBcinstrucBons22:17 23:19);and 4. Epilogue23:20T33)

8 YoushallnotletawomanwhopracBcessorcerylive. Exodus22:17) AswemovefromlegalprescripBonsto religious,moralandculbcinstrucbons,the lawsarenolongercasuisbc,but imperabve. TheHebrewwordforonewhopracBces sorcerya witch, medium, or sorceress )isgrammabcallyfeminine, sincesuchpeoplewerepredominately women,aswasthewitchofendorwho adviseskingsaulin1samuel28:8t25. Thebiblicalworldbelievedintheefficacy ofsorcery,butsorceryintrudedintothe spiritualworld,whichwastheexclusive realmofgod,andhenceaseriousoffense.

9 Baal,*bronze,*14 th *century*b.c.)*and*ashteroth* alabaster,*3 rd *century*b.c.).**both*statuemes*are* in*the*louvre*museum,*paris.*** Whoeversacrificestoanygod,excepttotheLord alone,shallbeputundertheban 22:19) Baal,godoftheheavens,and Ashteroth,goddessofferBlityand sexualitybecomegod sprimary rivalsintheheartsandmindsof theisraelitesasourstory conbnues. Ahab,7 th kingofisrael874t853 B.C),andhiswifeJezebel,builda vasttempletobaalinsamariaand maintain450prophetsofbaalin theirroyalresidenceinsamaria.

10 You*shall*not*boil*a*young*goat*in*its*mother s*milk. 23:19). Keep Kosher, my friends The BookoftheCovenant hasalready expressedahumanitarianconcernfor animals: When*you*noCce*the*donkey*of*one* who*hates*you*lying*down*under*its* burden,*you*should*not*desert*him;*you* must*help*him*with*it *23:5). Thus,theprohibiBonofboilingayoung goatinitsmother smilk,a fundamentallycruelthingtodotoan animal. This*is*the*source*of*isolaCng*meat*and* dairy*in*a*kosher*kitchen*

11 Meat Cheese

12 TheBookoftheCovenant 1. CulBcordinances20:22T26); 2. LegalprescripBons21:1 22:16); 3. Religious,moralandculBcinstrucBons22:17 23:19);and 4. Epilogue23:20T33)

13 I*will*set*your*boundaries*from*the*Red*Sea*to*the*sea*of*the*PhilisCnes,* and*from*the*wilderness*to*the*euphrates *Exodus23:31). Israeltoday PromisedLandinthe BookoftheCovenant

14 See,*I*am*sending*an*angel*[ messenger ]*ahead*of*you,*to*guard*you*on*the* way*and*bring*you*to*the*place*i*have*prepared.**be*amencve*to*him*and*obey* him.**do*not*rebel*against*him,*for*he*will*not*forgive*your*sin.**my*authority*is* within*him. ***23:20T21) Epilogue, RewardforFidelity 23:20T33). Deësis*Mosaic, *depiccng*christ*pantrocrator*c.1261),* South*Gallery,*Hagia*Sophia,*Istanbul,*Turkey.* * * *Photography*by*Ana*Maria*Vargas Giventhestronglyanthropomorphic imagerythroughoutexodus,wemight imaginethis messenger asanagent ofgod,perhapsinhumanform;thus St.*Paul*idenCfies*the*messenger*with* the*pre[incarnate*christ: [Our*ancestors]*all*ate*the*same* spiritual*food,*and*they*all*drank*the* same*spiritual*drink,*for*they*drank* from*a*spiritual*rock*that*followed* them,*and*that*rock*was*the*christ. * 1Corinthians10:3).

15 Codex*VaCcanusinkonvellum),c.325T350. VaBcanLibrary,Rome. This*and*Codex*SinaiCcus*are*the*two*most*important* 4 th [century*biblical*manuscripts.* BiblicalInterpretaBon ChrisBanbiblicalexegesis understandsthatscripturehas levelsofmeaningbeyondthe literalwordsofthetext.such understandingdatesbackto Greekplatonicphilosophyand theearlyrabbinicalschoolsof Judaism. EmbracingmulBplelevelsofthe textisafundamentalpreceptof RomanCatholicbiblical interpretabon.

16 SandroBolcelli.Saint*AugusCne*in*His* Study*Temperaonpanel),1494.Uffizi Gallery,Florence. BiblicalInterpretaBon St.AugusBne,priortohisconversiona ProfessorofRhetoricinMilan,waswoefully disappointedinscripturesinceitlackedthe styleandeleganceofcicero,probesbeneath thesurfaceofscriptureinbooks11t13ofhis Confessions*A.D.398).ReadingthecreaBon story,augusbnegoesbeyondtheliteral meaningofthetexttodiscoveradeeper,more sabsfyingallegoricalmeaning. AugusBnedevelopsthisallegoricalapproachto ScriptureinDe*doctrina*chrisCana*A.D. 397T486),inwhichhedescribeshowto interpretandteachscripture. AugusBne smethodologyprofoundlyaffected ScripturalinterpretaBonthroughtheMiddle Ages,andhisinfluenceconBnues.

17 TodaytheCatechism*of*the*Catholic*Church*2 nd edibon)offers guidelinesforreadingandinterprebngscripturethathavetheir rootsinaugusbne sthinking. AccordingtoanancienttradiBon,onecandisBnguishbetweentwosenses* ofscripture:theliteral*andthespiritual,thelaperbeingsubdividedinto theallegorical,moral,andanagogical*senses. Theliteral*sense*isthemeaningconveyedbythewordsofScriptureand discoveredbyexegesis,followingtherulesofsoundinterpretabon: All*other* senses*of*sacred*scripture*are*based*on*the*literal. * Thespiritual*sense.ThankstotheunityofGod splan,notonlythetextof ScripturebutalsotherealiBesandeventsaboutwhichitspeakscanbesigns. Theallegorical*sense.Wecanacquireamoreprofoundunderstandingof eventsbyrecognizingtheirsignificanceinchrist;thusthecrossingofthe RedSeaisasignortypeofChrist svictoryandalsoofchrisbanbapbsm. Themoral*sense.TheseeventsreportedinScriptureoughttoleadustoact justly. Theanagogical*sense.WecanviewrealiBesandeventsintermsoftheir eternalsignificance,leadingustowardourtruehomeland.

18 BiblicalInterpretaBon Suchanapproachto Scripturedeepensour understandingandgreatly enrichesourexperienceof thebiblicaltext.

19 TheBookoftheCovenant 1. CulBcordinances20:22T26); 2. LegalprescripBons21:1 22:16); 3. Religious,moralandculBcinstrucBons22:17 23:19); and 4. Epilogue23:20T33) Conclusion:GodraBfiesthecovenant24:1T18)

20 Moses*then*went*up*.*.*.*[and]*beheld*the*God*of*Israel.*Under*his*feet*there* appeared*to*be*sapphire*cle*work,*as*clear*as*the*sky*itself *24:9T10).

21 QuesBonsfordiscussionandthought ** 1. IntheBookoftheCovenant,whatisGod saltude towardthepoor? 2. HowarethelawsintheBookoftheCovenantapplied todayinjudaism? 3. ArethelawsintheBookoftheCovenantrelevantto ChrisBanstoday? 4. Godsendsan angel [messenger]toguardtheisraelites ontheirjourney.whoisit? 5. OnMt.Sinai thegloryofthelordwasseenasa consumingfireonthetopofthemountain and Moses enteredintothemidst ofit,wherehespendsfortydays. IfyouwereanIsraelitewatchingfromthefootofthe mountain,5,000feetbelow,whatwouldyouthink?

22 Copyright 2014byWilliamC.Creasy All rights reserved. No part of this course audio, video, photography, maps, Bmelines or other media may be reproducedortransmipedinanyformbyanymeans,electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any informabon storage or retrieval devices without permission in wribngoralicensingagreementfromthecopyrightholder.