C!tnurnrbtu luqrnlngtrul flnut~l!j

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1 C!tnurnrbtu luqrnlngtrul flnut~l!j Continuing LEHRE UND WERRE MAGAZIN PUER EV.-LUTH. HOMlLETIK THEOLOGICAL QUARTERL y-theological MONTHLY Vol. V March, 1934 No.3 CONTENTS W idmung Sldzze und Schriften Dr. L. E. Fuerbringers Predestination and Human Responsibility. T heo. Graebner Die Heilsgewissheit nach der Xonkordienformel. ]. T. Mueller The Thorough Exegetical Study of the Sermon Text the Page Conditio sine qua Non for Good Serrw>nizing. J. H. C. Fritz 178 The Argument of St. Augustine's "Confessions." J(. S. Sommer 185 Die Lehre von der Inspiration nach 1 Petro 1, W.Arndt 192 Hebrew Prophecy a Unique Divine Bestowal. W. A. Maier Lut hers eigene Verbesserungen an seiner Bibeluebersetzung. P. E. Kretzmann li!06 Ottomar Fuerbringer. W. G. Polack Zur Lehre von der Beue. Theo. E nge\der Die gemaessigte Linke im sozialen Reformprogramm der B eformationszeit. R. W. H eintze. The Ca techism in Public Worship. Theo. Lact.ch Indulgences. Theo. Hoyer The Practical AppUcation in the Sermon. E. ]. Friedrich Ein Preclfcer muza IIJcht ajlein wridtft. aiio ciai or die 8chafe unterwei8l, wle ale reehte Ohrilltell IOlJm.In, IIODdem anch daneben dell Woelten toel'lreft.slie die 8chafe DJclit aqr8ifen und mit talacher Lehre 'feifoihnd 1IJId Irrtmn e1n. fuehrer. - Lulher. Ea tat bin Dine. daa die Leute IIIIhr bel der JUrcbe behaelt denn cue pta Predlgt. - Apolot1W. "'ri. II. If the trumpet lift an 1IIIcertafD 1IOIIDd. who &ball prepare hlmaelf to the battle r 1 0.,..4.& Published for the Bv. Luth. Synod of lirtlssourl, Ohio, and Other stat. CONCORDIA PUBLISHING HOUSE, at. Louis, ][0.

2 218 Bur eijre lh.lu ber meue.,,~ie redjte Qe~re bon ber meue ~at nur unfere Iut~e", rifdje ~irdje ~at fie." omart~er, 244.) \Bei ~errfdjt auf eitel ~erttjirrung. linb bie ~ev ttjirrung be~ \Bcgriff~ meue fann nidjt anber~ ar~ benn D. Qu±~er gefdjrieben ~at, finb eitel bunne, unb \Bildjer bon ber \Buf3e bor~anben gettjefen.... ~iel ttjeniger ~at ba~ luon au~ i~ren!l5rebigten unb berttjirrten \Bildjern bon ber \Buf3e faffen mogen ober merren, ttja~ bodj au )lju~rer \Buf3e borne~mndj ge~ort, ttjie ober burdj ttjas ~eife ein.\)cra ttjiffen mu~e unb isrieben fudjen milf3te." (2Ipologie. 252, 5.) ~irb ber theue eine in ber.\)ciisorbnung au~ geltjiefen, filf3t man fie auf einem i~r nidjt funf", tionieren, Die~t man fie in ben.\)anbei ber medjtfertigung, ober madjt man fie awn.\)auptfafior in ber.\)eiiigung, fo fann ber nidjt ber ~ergcbung fommen, unb auf bem cbiet ber &)eiligung ttjirb nidjts anberes nis (3)efe~esttJed eraeug±. betrifft bas.\)era bes bedo~nt fieg barum, bie mannigfadjen ~oirrungen in ber Qegre bon ber meue ttjieber einmal i\u oefeqen. ~ie lueritjirrung, bie D. 2utqer aus bem ~eg geriium± qatte, qat fidj ttjieber mh9jlaegt eingefterrt.,,~ie grof3 ift unier bes!l5ieti mu~ unb bes WCetqobiBmus in ber SHrege btl' linfiarqeit ilber bie [kgriffe \Bercgrung unb ~iebergeourt getdorbeni" (~. 2iltgert, meieg otte~ unb 44.) linb ba~ i\um gro13en ~eii infolge ber luerttjirrung be ~egriff meue. linb ttjir 2ut~eraner bilrfen niegt Feger f ein. ~ie reformierte ~erttjirrung be ~egriff \Buf3e unb bie pie±iftifdj",me±gobiftifege ~nfcf)aullng bon ber meue, bie un bei unferer t~eologif egen 2dtiire entgegentreten, fiinnen gar leiegt unf ere ~enfttjeif e oeeinrlullen. Unb ina ift, bie romifeg~ra±ionanftifdj~ jilbifege ~nfdjauung bon ber meue ftech aueg in unferm arten ~bam. ~uf manegedei ~eife ttjirb ber unoefe~rte unb ber ilber bie meue falfeg oeieqrt 1mb oeraten. ~it inouen fih biesmal bie isragc befeqen, ob bie meue bab &)eii be 0iinber~ oetl1idt. I. ~ie israge, 00 bie ~ergeoung bon ber ernftiiegen meue ao~iinging ift (gana ober teilttjeif e), iditb innergaio ber iiuf3ediegen [qriftengeit bon ociag±. mom bejagt bie israge feqr entfdjieben. ~er!l5apft Ieqri, baf3 ber 9Jlenfdj burdj feine meue, aobili3t, ~ergeout1g oettjidt. ".8u foldjer \Bu13e fe~ten fie brei ~eiie: meue, mit foldjer luertroftung unb.8ufage, ttjo ber ~Renfeg reegt reuie, beiegtete, genugtilte, fo ~iltte er bamit lucrgebung berbient unb bie 0ilnbe bor GI)ott oe3a~ft." (0egmaIf. ~ht. 12.) ~ie momifegen gadcl1 an bicier garfteuung igrer 2eI)te niegt ausil1v fe~en. ~ie Catholic Cyclopedia fagt: "If the detestation of sin arises from the love of God, who has been grievously offended, then contrition is deemed perfect. If it arises from any other motive, such as loss of heaven, fear of hell, or the heinousness of guilt, it is termed imperfect contrition, or attrition. It is the clear teaching of the Ohurch that perfect contrition justifies the sinner even without the Sacrament of Penance." (Sub v. "Attrition.") ~ie Oatholic Oyclopedia fennt igren Oatechismus Romanus. ~a geif3t e :,,~ie ~idung

3 {JUt \Jd)te bon bet aleue. 219 ber hla~ren meue, t)j)n ber ooen bie mebe gcil1efen, ift berart, bat hlir haft berfeiben fogleid) ~eraei~ung bom erlangen." (II, 5, 30. iyrage.) Unb ber Oatechisnms Romanus rennt fein ~riben~ re~rt, bat... e mand)mai gefd.)ie~t, bat biefc meue botifommen ift buref) bie Eieoe unb berfo~nt, e~e [ber \BuBe] ±atfiid)iid) em,pfangen hl1rb." (8ess. XIV, cap. IV.) iyreiiic~ rann nid)t genmt hliffen, ob fetne D'leue eine botifommene ift; e hliire gefii~riief), lid) barauf au beriaffen. ;tier leicfj±ere unb aubcr1iiffigere jilleg ift ber ber fafrmnen±iief)en \Bute. ;tiie au ber iyuref)t entfte~enbe Dteue treiot i~n an, au en±jagen unb hlitiigiief) au oeief)ten; auf bie botifommene \Beid)te foigt bie ~{ofo~ Iution; ba6 mit, baburef) bie.\)aloreue aur borren, hlitiigcn, freubigen meue (contritio) hlirb; ber ~onitent Teiftd bie finb ~inhleggetan. in bie 338.) ;tia ift ridjtig, fagt ba :it'ribentinum. "jillcnn jemanb Ieugnet, aur giinaiief)en unb boilfommenen )8ergeoung feten oeim \Bullcnben brei.\)anbiungen erforberhd), gieid)fam ai bie WCa±erie ber \Bute, niimtief) bie meue, bie Q3etef)±e unb tuung..., ber fei berfiuef)tl" (Sess.14, can. 4.) Unb Sl!Iee ra±~oiifef)e ;tiogmatif f agt gar, inbem fie fief) auf ben 5. Si:allon oeruf±, "bie unborr~ Iommene Dleue, ba bcr WCenfef) bie oeieibig±e fiird)tet, bor ber ~ofef)euiief)fei± fief) entfei2t, ben jillitien fatt, nid)t me~r i3u filnbigen, ag uuefie ilu Heuen oeginnt, ift ilur ~lac'fjlaffung ~inreid)enb". s. v.,,\bute".) ~a, Die romifef)e Si:iref)e Ie~rtentfef)ieben, bat burdj bie meue ba ~dr erh1l1gt. Unb bem ftimmt ber mationaii um bon ganaem ~erilen ilu. ~ie )Befc'fJrung ()Butc), hloburd) ber IDccnf ef) ba 5 ~ch erlangt, 6eite~t naef) bem 1JlationaIi mu in ber moraiifef)en \Befferung be Eeoen 5, unb bicfe )Befferung oeginnt unb oeiunbd ltdj in ber m:cue. ;tiie mit ni unb iheraofcljenung beginncnbe Q3cfferung be 5Wcenfef)en ift ber jilleg bc ~eii. ;tier ane mahonaiif± )Bre±fef)neiber re~rt:,,;tile ~niiinbigung, mit hlefdjer ~efh bor bem ~on auftrat, hlar mai)l1ung ilu einer fittlief)en Umiinbcrung (,tut Q3uBe')... benen, hla er feinen ~ilngern bortrug, ift in ber fogenann~ ten \Bcrg,prebigt cnt~aitcn, belen ~n~ait fummari] ef) bier er ift: Iief)c m:ein~cit ift bie erfie \Bebingung reid)e.... ~,ur @efei? mad)t be ehligcn Eeocn 5 hlilrbig 1mb teii~aftig." (;tife 281.) :tjer fagt:,,@oft ift oerch, un 3U red)tfertigen, un hlieber ani\une~men, hlenn hlir au i~m Tommen mit giiiuoigem, bertrauen bouem ~eraen, inbem hlir ller~ fud)en, feinen jilliuen 13U tun ai 9'ladjfolger ~~rifti.. " ;tiie ~au,pt~ oebingung Hnb biefieidjt bie einaige, unter hleldjer luir ~ergeoung ber cmpfangen, ift ein 2m, hlelef)er f ciner ~Catur naclj SZlev bienft au fdjlicf3±. (;l; ift ein 2fft ber iyutfaii eine ber ~ft bc aufridjtigen \Bcfenn±~ nille;;; unb ber Q3ute, mit einem jillort ber ~H hlcid)er {1enannt hlirb." @l. 234.) ;tia if±, naturnemiif3, bie Ee~re arrer berjenigen, bie bie ~~rifti Ieugnen. "The Socinians, who deny the atonement for sin by the death of Ohrist, maintain that repentance is the onl.y atonement required." (R. Shaw, Exp. of Westm. 183.) ~ie lioerate Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics (~. ~afting 5) Iegt bar, hlie unb

4 220,(jUt 2e~te bon bet liteue. toarum bie!jl:eue bai3 ~eii i3utoege liringt: "The sorrow of repentance reacts on the soul, strengthening it to meet the new task of moral reformation.... How can a man be freed from the burden of his past sins sincc this burden is itself the creation of his own free spiritual activity~ The answer is that the law of continuity is not the only law that obtains in the spiritual realm. There is also a law of recovery or redemption. If the law of moral sequence alone held good, the very purpose of its existence would be frustrated, for it would paralyze all efforts to achieve a life of virtue and righteousness. Moveover, the very fact that man is capable of self-condemnation is proof that evildoing is not an adequate expression of his personality. How could he condemn himself if there was not in him the consciousnes8 of an ideal to which he owes allegiances ~ In condemning himself, the penitent has already risen above the self that he condemns. In repentance, what does the penitent man really do? By an inward act he dissociates himself from his sin; he takes the side of God and of all good men in judging it unworthy of his nature and at war with the real order of life." (S. v. "Repentance.") SNei3 ift ber ~eiii3toeg naef) "'Repent ye and believe in the Gospel,' Mark 1, Jesus came, bringing Good News of God. The kingdom of God was at hand; to receive its benefits, there were required a change of mind and a readiness to accept and trust the Good News.... The demand that the kingdom of God made from man was that they should live as children of the God whosc gracious will for men was now Tevealed... If we seek to earn God's favor by obedience, it is not enough that we should abstain from evil deeds. We must perfectly fulfil His will, and that means perfect love and purity of heart..., Severe as were the requirements which God made of His children, Jesus could thus speak of His message as Good ~ ews." linb in ift ill! berftefjen: "The prodigal has to come to himself and, in order that he may do so, has to experience the connection between sin and sorrow." (What shall We Sa.y of ~n ber iiibifef)en :itfjeologie nimm± bie!jl:eue bief ein toie im!jl:anonaiii3mui3 unb ~atfjoiiai!3mu!3. linb ei3 fann nur bon muten f rin, luenn toit uni3 bai3 bergegentoiirtigen. SDiejenigen, bie bon ber!jl:eue ba!3 ~eii ertoarien, foliten fief) mit biefei3 grunb" ftiirilenben ~rrtumi3 berhaut maef)en. 1:liefer ~rr±um ift auf jiibifef)em jboben fjeimifef). ~ie tom ber ~ube fefig toerben? "It is within the power of every man to redeem himself from sin by resolutely breaking away from it and turning to God, whose loving-kindness is ever extended to the returning sinner.... The prophets demanded a regeneration of the heart, i. e., a determined turning from sin and returning to God by striving after righteousness.... 'Repentance and works of charity are man's intercessors before God's throne.' (Shab. 38a.)... Where Paulinism speaks of a 'saving grace' of God through Ohrist, Judaism emphasizes the redeeming power of teshuba ('return'), which is nothing else than man's self-redemption from the thraldom of sin... Repentance is not an outward act, as Weber (Juedische TheoZogie. p.261) endeavors to represent it, but an inner cleansing of the heart (Pesik, 161 b). It must be perfectly sincere, true contrition, coupled with shame and self-reproach, and confession (Ber.,12b; Hag.. 5a, etc.). It is well analyzed by Philo, in De Execrationibu8, 8, as a feeling of shame and self-reproach, which leads to a frank and sincere confession and a change of heart and of conduct.... In the Oatholic Ohurch contrition, confession, and satisfaction become parts of the sacra-

5 3m: 2el)re bon ber!rene. 221 mental act of poenitentia. whereas the Protestant churches follow the Pauline teaching pure and simple. (See Herzog-Hauck 'ReaZ-Enzy: s. v. 'Busse.')" o oefdjteiot bie Jewish Encyclopedia (s. v. "Repentance") bie jiibifdje m:eue. Unb fie fagt fidj entfdjieben 1013 bon bet bie fleaugtidjen Ee1)te ~auii unb bes ~td±ef±anti mu. (!is giot nun aoet bieie ~totef±anten, Die fidj bie jubijdje Ee1)te bon bet meue gefalien Iaffen. ~ie tiimifdj~tationanftifdj~jubifdje Ee1)te bon einet feiigmadjenben meue if! nidjt auf i1)t (!intfte1)ung gefliet oefdjtiinft geoiieflen, f onbetn ift in roeite Sheif e ber jnoteftantif djen S\;it:djen ein~ gebrungen. IDCit bem ~egtiff satisfactio operis opetieren biefc S\;teife gctabc nidjt. "But we must direct attention to one feature of the error which is so much in vogue even among Protestants as to constitute a menace to the Ohristian life. It is the wide-spread notion that contrition itself is an atonement for sin. The thought is that the regret for a transgression is an adequate satisfaction to righteousness for the wrong done, - that sorrow felt fully pays for the sin and balances the account." (M. Loy, The A ugsburg Oonfession,. 746.) linb D. ~art~er 1)at e fur niitig gefunben, gerabe audj Iu±1)erifdje ljsrediger not biefem grooen ~tdull1 ou toamen.,,(!i gef djieijt Ieiber aliiluor±. baf3 ljsrebiget, roeldje edjt Iu±qetifdj fein roolien, in biefer ~eife efe:\3 unb (!ibangeiium b ermifdj en, bab fie bie meue fo 1)inf±elIen, ai fei biefelfle eine l1tfadje ber mergeflung ber unben." ( efe:\3 u. (!ib.,. 240.) g;oigenbe ~eifpiere miigen Beigen, roie infoige "ber pietiftifdjen ~lj~ roanbiung be refotmatorifdjen ~bangciiums, roeidje fidj im ID(;etIjobis~ mus bolienbet" (Eutgert, op. cit.,. 43), unb bes gefe:\3iidjen ~egtiffs ber ~efe1)rung, ber bon Wnfang an in bet reformiet:±en ;it1)eologie 1)eimifdj roar, unb ber un alien anueoenben jiibifdj~rationaiiftifdj~riimifdjen opinio legis bie IDceinung ineiiberoreite± if±, bab bie meue ott gnabig ftimme, baf3 bet iinbenfdjmera unb bie angeljiidj bamit betflunbene ~effetung bie mergcflung bet iinben nadj fidj aieije. ~ie ~eihliele folien audj bat:±un, bab bet iioe! oera±en ift, bet cinet ~o1)anbiung iiilet bie meue fliof3 bei3roegen au foigen geneigt if±, roeir fie nidj± bon einem riimifdjen ;it1)eoiogen gefdjrieflen ift. ~as Federal Oouncil Ie1)t± Die iinber aifo fle±en: "Almighty God,... here and now may overy selfish passion and desire be quiet that by the sorrows of repentance our souls may be purified." Unb e gifl± biefe Wnroeifung: "If we desire the good with all our hearts and put forth our will to turn absolutely from all selfishness and sin and hold fast to the faith, we shall have the assurance of forgiven sin." "An honest confession opens the door to God's forgiving grace.... The soul that makes confession to Ohrist is washed through and through, and the seeds of iniquity are driven out." "Repentance1) brings forth deeds that tend to destroy, or atone for, the evil that one has done. Revulsion at one's sin frequently leads to unusual endeavor for good. Turning from evil and seeking to do right, one loses the sense of separation from God that sin brings. One feels forgiven." (Fellowship of Prayer, 1925; 1928; 1930.) :itrafta±e bet Apostolic Faith Mission btiicren e fo au : "There is only one way back to God, and this through repentance and godly sorrow for sin... God will save you if you give Him a chance. He will blot out the clouds of sin, dispel the darkness, and set you free. Do you feel real repentance down in your heart?... The moment you are honest enough to admit your condition before God, repent of your sins, get 1) 5DaU in bel' repentance gemiil)nfidj nidjt ~efel)rnti\jr fonbern!rene nnb ~kliens[)efietung l)eiut, mird f1>iiter barge1egt merben.

6 222 {lur S3d)te bon bet meue. down before Him and seek forgiveness, begin at the bottom and be willing to make the past right, God will forgive you. Like David, who sinned against God, go down before Him, repent of your sins, and God will restore you. Salvation comes only through repentance and forsaking sin." ID,al1C~cr, bet betgleidjen lieft unb fjott, witb bao3 D1cdj±e fjerauo3fjoten unb in feinet 6unbcnangft ot± um ~etgeoung um lifjtifti wiilen antufen. SJie meiften juetben fidj aoet butdj ba ~edefjt±e unb blltdj ben Bufmnmmfjang beo3 an fidj etwa D1idjtigen mit bem ~edefjt±en tjetwitten Iaff cn unb meinen, bat bie 6unbenangft unb bie gcfotbetie' Wofagc an bie 6unbe bie s:bebingungen bet ~etgebung finb. :;Sm St0111~ mentat il),a±±~eju ~entljo3 ift ou Ief en: "Repent; for your sins shall be pardoncd UPOll your repentance. Return to God in a way of duty, and He will, through Ohrist, return to you in a way of mercy." (ftnat±fj. 3,1 ff.) W. D1obemet)et,,,6ammlung bon s:beifpieien", :,,~ie' s:buf3e fufjtt aum ~toft bet 6unbenbetgeoung, inbem ot± feinet Watu! nadj bem nidjt tjetgeoen fann, bem f cine 6unben nidj± Ieib finb." SJa fonnie man alienfali tedjt betftefjen. ~bet e fjeif3t weitet: "s:but~ ±riinen, weidje auo3 einem aednitfdjten ~etilen fommen, etweidjen ba ; ~etil witb ge±tud± ein 6 pie gel awat, bodj witb bet 6 eel e 6piegeI "Oonfession separates the man from the sin, being a kind of violent ejection of the latter. But it has an influence, too, on Him againstwhom we have sinned, It has a kind of atoning power." (The Ethic of Jes1is, 6,166,) li. ("Siffe: "All worthy penitence, whether with. sacramental confession OT without it, surely receives God's fullest fotgiveness.... He, and He only, forgives, and there can be no doubt that He freely forgives all in whom He sees the movements of contrition." (Thp Faith by which We ) A New Commentary on II. S. (Bishop Gore): "John emphasized the ethical requirements as a condition of entrance into the Kingdom.... Assuredly any theory of the atonement which leads us to imagine that there is in the heart of God any other requirement of the individual' sinner than that of penitence and self-humiliating return, any reluc- tance to meet penitence with plenary absolution, is very much in the' wrong." (N ) m5ie fjaocn bie pietiftif djcn \.lsrebiget prahiaiett, unb wie teben fie: nodj fjeuie? "D1eue ift notig, ba fag± auf allen s:bliihern. ~a fagt eudj fdjon eute ~ernunft, baf3 oh eudj nidj±0 betgeoen fann, l1jenn ifjt au eudj nidj± madj±. :;sfjt muf3t D1eue fjaoen'" (m5aitfjer, efe~ 6.241), a bie ~etgeoung bon bet D1eue' ab~inge.,,~ie \.lsietiften fjaoen etft bie atmen 6eeIen in fdjtecuidje Wo± fjinein!1e±rieoen, inbem fie fagien: :Ilit gefjlit± nidjt efjet ~toft, a10 oi : bu eine rec~±l cfjaffcne D1euc etfafjren fjaf±. m5enn jemanb aber erhiit±e: ~dj fjaoc genun nebde±, nenug auf meinen Stnien getungen, genug ge~ weint unb ge~eui± llnb gdlagt bot oit, aoet mein ~et6 oieib± luie 6tein, bann ~aljcn fie audj fo gefagt: IDCodj±eft bu benn nidjt getm D1elle fjaljen'? Unb luenn bann biefe ("Srage ljejafji wutbe, 10 fptadjen fie: Wun, bonn itoftc bidj nutl m5cii bu fo nerne D1eue fjaoen modjief±, fo juitb bir oh gniibig 1 ein unb bit beine 6iinben bergeoen. ~a ift aljet cine bet~ fiudjtc 52e~tel:Ila ~eif3t bie eienbe, miferaole, tjetiidjtiic~e D1euc be ~~ttn.:;s@fu 1ei2en." ( efe~ ~gl ftneufei, <~. ~., s. v. "s:buf3fam1jf".) - m5ie foll man ba berftefjcn, jua~ ~. W. m5. ~aa fdjteiot? "There are moral conditions of forgiveness. If it is rightly sought and properly used, it must be preceded by genuine repentance. A change of mind and heart must take place

7 .sur XJd)te 11 on bet ffieue. 223 which condemns, and is sorry for, the wrong that has been done and ihe sin that has been committed. Where this change of mind has occnrred, forgiveness becomes the assnrance which the troubled conscience needs." (What Ought I to 75.) Unb in einer )re,t;±vearveitung filr einen S1:inbergotie bienf± am laull~ unb laetiag, bie,,~aftoraifjliiiier" (Sjcrau gever tnt Wobemver~ef± bon 1932 barvoi, ljciflt e gar:,, ott ruft un au:,0ljr fomm± niclj± bmclj, menn iljr in faifcljem 6±01a auf bie eigenen Eeif±ungen poel)±' :;Sljr fommt nicljt wet±er, luenn iljr in blofl an euclj felbf± benu. ~ar±et ein! m:m (l;nbe bief e 2Bege fteljt ba einen anbern :Ilemut unb :Ilanf, - &JHf bereitfcljaf± unb freubige Dpfer: ba ift ber 2Bcg aum Eeven, ba ift ber 2Beg au oit. in 60 mirb in mannigfl1cljen ml1ril1tionen in pro±ef±antifcljen, ja auclj futljertf cljen S1:reif en bie IDceinung au gefprocljen, bab bmclj feine meue unb Eeveni3befferung bei3 ~ehi3 tehljaftig laflt ficlj fo fcljmcr au brang fcljon frillj3eitig in bie cljriftiicljc S1:irclje ein, biefe "gefetficlj fl1lfclje morfteriung, ai maren bie meue unb iljre ~htberungen in 15aften unb S1:l1fteiungen berbienftiiclj unb ±iigung beljirfiiclj, ar fonne unb milffc ber 6ilnber burclj freimihig ilver~ nommene Eeiben feine 6ilnbe viibete iiclj feit bem 'britten :;Sl1ljrljunbert rin beftimmt geregerte merfaljren ber S1:ircljc gegen biejenigen au, meiclje naclj ber )raufe in f cljtuere 6ilnben gefaucn unb 'barum au ber emeinbe au gefcljloffen, avcr aur m:vvilflung bereh finb unb bie 2Biebcraufnl1ljme fjegeljren. :Ila ift bie in betf cljiebenen 6tabien beriaufenbe jeubbi aipfin in ber arten SHrclje." (IDCeule!, S1:ircljI. &JanbIe;t;., S. v. "laube".) :Ilie meformation riium±e mit bem ~rrtum auf - unb et fcljieiclj± ficlj immer luieber ein1 (I; ift batum notig, immer wieber baran au erinnern, ma bie 6cljrift bon ber meue unb ifjrer ~cotmenbigfeit fag±. 2Betclje 6terIung nimmt nl1dj bet 6cljtif± bie meue in ber ~eh ~..orbnung girt ljier, Bwei 2Bafjrfjeiten 13U vetonen unb fie babei auf rcinhcljfte au einanberaufjl1r±en, bamit nicljt l1uizi ber ~eii orbnung :eine UnljeiI orbnung gemacljt mirb. :Ilie erfte ift bie1 e: Bur me±tung be '6ilnber ift hie meue abfoiut notmenbig. :Ilie ameite: :Ilie meue ber~ [cljaff± in reinet 2Beife baizi ~eil :Ilie meue, bie (l;denntni ber 6ilnbe, be unb ber :11Joljlberbien±en merbammni, ift notmenbig, mei! e oljne nie; nicljt aur ~efefjtung be 6iinber rommt. ~n jebem iran, ba ein 6ilnber aum Iauven ram, ift angft bor otte Born unb ber broljenben merbammni borljergegl1ngen. :Iler S1:erfermeifter tuarb aitiernb, m:poft. 16, 29, ben :Ilreitl1ufenb ging' burclj ~er3, m:poft. 2, 37, <ber SorIner fcljlug an feine laruft, Eut 18, '13, ber boriorne 60ljn fpraclj: "mater, iclj ljl1be gefiinbigd", EnL 15, 18, unb oft fpricljt: "laefeljre± euclj au mit bon ganaem &Jer3en mit 15aften, mit 2Bcinen, mit S1:lagen. SerreiBet eure &JerDen! II :;Soei 2, 12 fommt e aur laefefjtung: n :Ilurclj biefeizi IDCitM, niimhclj bie ~rebigt feine 2BorteiZi,,midt oft unb vticljt unf ere ~erden unb ileucljt ben IDCenf cljen, bab er 'burclj bie ~rebigt beizi ef ete f Sorn etfennt unb wafjrfjaftiges 6cljrecfcn, meue ltnb Eeib tm &Jeraen empfinbe± unb burdj 'bie ~rebigt unb laetracljiung be bon ber gnaben~ rdcljen mergevung in [ljrifto ein 15ilnffein beizi fauvenizi in iljm angeailnbet wirb." (F. O. T1'igl., 902, 54.) :Iler muf aur laube,,au mafjrfjaftiger 6ilnbenerfennini, mufl ber ~rehigt be (l;bangefium immer, in jebem 15aH, unter ahen Umftanbeu borangefjeu. 60 ljrebigie

8 224,Bur \!,eljte bon bet lihue. ber &jeiianb:,,~ui ~uf3e unb glaulii an bab ~bangciiuml" IDCarf. 1, 15.. Unb er fjai feiner Sl:ircfje ben ~uftrag gegelien, in feinem Wamen 011.prebigen "Q3n13e nnb l8ergeliung ber lsiinbcn", Bul'. 24, 47.2) ()fjne bie meue fann e 3U feiner Q3efcfjrung rommen. ~arum nicfjh ~eii ber IDCcnfcfj, ber feine ~iinbennoi nicfjt fenni, fein l8er~ Iangen nacfj ber reitenben nabe o±±e fjalien fann. ~er ficfjere llnb f eiljftgerecfjic iinber beracfjtct ba ~bal1geiium. ;BaB briicft ber.\)chanb fo au :,,~ie efunben ljebiirfen be ~h,lteb nicfji, fonbern bie Shanren.,i cfj liin rommen, 3U rufen bie iinber crur Q3uf3e unb nicfji bie erecfjten", But 5, 31 f. Buifjcr briicf± e fo aub:,,~oiange ber ~afjn bon ber eige~ nen erecfjtigreit im IDcenfcfjen oleilii, fjidlii aucfj ein unermcf3hcfjer ~tola, l8crmeffenfjcit, &jaf3 l8eracfjtung ber ncrbe unb Q3annfjcrBig~ feit, UnttJiffenfjeit in lie3ug auf bie l8erfjei13ungen unb auf ~fjrifiub. ~6 lommi nicfjt in ba &jers, cb f cfjmecft aucfj nicfjt bie \{Srebigi bon bcr l8er~ geliung ber ~iinben umfonfi, um ~fjrifti ttjilien." (IX, 411.) ~ie ~po~ Iogie briich e fo au :,,~icfjere unb fleifcfjhcfje &jersen, bie otie Born unb ifjre ctliinbe nicfjt fiifjlen, acfjten feine 5trofte." (Trigl., 264, 51.) ~arum ift bie meue burcfjau notlljcnbia; fie ift bie unerliif3iicfje l8oroereitung auf bie ( ntftefjung ~cnn bie ~onner~ a!::± be cfe~e!'3 ba ficljerc &jercr 5crmalmi, ba rccfjte &jcr3deib, Beiben unb 8'iifjlen be 5tobe gettjidt fjat, "ba fjeif3i bie recfjte ~ute anfangen,... auf ba13 fie ficfj erfenne±en ai berlorne IDCenfcfjen unb alfo bem &j~rrn liereite± ttjiirben, bie nabe all empfangen unb ber ~iinben l8ergeliung bon ifjm au gcttjatien". ( cfjmah. ~rt. Trigl., 478, 2 ff.),,~enn bie ctliinber nur erfcfjrocfen finb bor otie Born unb ber &joue, bann finb fie liereite±, ba ~bangeiium au emljfangen." ( ef. u. ~b., 229.) ~ lileilit balid:,,~afjre meue mu13 borfjergefjen." (F. O. Trigl., 922, 23.) ()fjne meue feine ~efefjrungl ~er faulie, llie ~nnaijme llet l8ergebuna ber ~iinben, ijai nicfjt lraum in einem &jeraen, ba bie WotttJenbigreit ber l8ergeliung nicfjt rennt. Iaulie unb ~elliftgetecfjtigfeit fonncn nicfjt lieicinanber bjofjnen. "Fides concjpitur in terroribus conscientiae" (21:po1. Trigl., 160, 21), unb niemag anller. ~o notttjenmg unb unerliitiicfj ift Me mene ag l80rliereitung auf bie ~ntftefjung be Iaulien, bat man fie gehoft u[ aur ~efeijtllng geijorenb lieaeicfjnen barf. "Unb ift ttjafjre, recfjte Q3ute eigentricfj meue unb Betb ober ~cfjrecfen fjaben iilier Me ~iinbe unb bod) baneben giuulien an ba;:; ~bungeiium." (~ug li. Sl:onf., ~rt. XII. ~por. Trigl., 258, 28.) "m5ie bide ~ilicfe gefjoren aur mute? BttJei: bie meue unb ber Iaulie." (~ietricfj Sl:ate~ cfji mu, 8'rage 136.),,~a niemanb Me im ~bangeiiltm annimmt, ber nicfjt anbor fetner ctliinben lljegen ficfj ettjig ber~ Iorengilit, fo mu13 ber ~rebigt be ~bangeiium bie \{Srebigt be efe~e boran~ unb aur ctleiie gef)en. mom. 3, ~itb bie Q3efefjrung bm.:cfj ba ( bangeiium unter Buijilfenafjme be efete gettjidt, fo finb bamit aucfj fdjon hie inneren l80rgiinge lieaeicfjnei, unter benen eine me~ feijrung ficfj bolliliefjt. ( finb bie a. bie ettjiff en;:;f cfjrecfen (terrores conscientiae), iljelcfje bab.q;leril oli bet aus bem efe~ edannten ctliinbe etn\:lfinbet, 21:poft. 16,29.30; b. bu l8erirauen be!'3 &jeraen (:fiducia cordis) auf Me l8ergeliung ber ~iinben, ttjelcfje im ~bangenum augefagt bjirb, ~poft. 16,31. Bur ~efefjrung gefjoren alfo meue (~ijriftr. ~ogm. II, ~. 551.) 2) ~n etiid)en,orten bet &;leiligen!5d)tift mitb mu\le flir "bie gun,e me, feljrung be~m~nfd)en" genommen, an anbem, "ba unterfd)ieblicf:) gefe~t mitb bie mufle unil bet: taulle", flir ireue. (F. C. Trigl., 952,7 f.)

9 225 Dfjne meue fcine mefefjrung I iyiir bief en 6aJ;} barf man aoer nun nidjt ofjne tljeitete~ ben 6aJ;} fej;}en: ofjne meue feine!8ergeoung ber 6iinben. ~iefer nalfte 6aJ;} tljiirbe oefagen, bab bie!8ergeoung ber 6iinben irgenbtijie an bie meue gefniipfi tljiire. ~ie 6djrift fdjiirft aoer auf~ entf djiebenfie bief e atijcite )illafjrfjeit ein: bie meue oringt in feiner )illeife, tljeber gana nodj teiitljeife, audj nidjt aum iaufenbfien 5teiI, bie!8ergeoung autijege. ~ie terrores conscientiae in feiner )illeife unb in fciner jinfidjt, bie 6iinbe au bergeoen. ~ie 6iinbenangft unb bie borgeohdj mit ber 6iinbenangft einfej;}enbe mefferung be~ 2eoen~ nidjt gniibig. 05~ ift nut e i n ~ing, gniibig ftimmen lonnie. ~a~ ift ba~ aur 6iiljnung unferer 6iinben bergoffene mlut ift bem 6iinber um ~fjrifti tljiiien gniibig, fjat ber 6iinbertIJert um ~ljrifti tljiiien bie 6iinben bergeoen, unb inbem ber 6iinber bur dj I a u 0 en bief e!8ergeoung annimmt, fommt er perfonhdj in ben mefij;} ber!8ergeoung.,,60 ljarten tljir e~ nun, bab ber.anenf dj geredjt tljerbe oljne ej;}e~ )illede, ailcin burdj lien", mom. 3, 28. ~ie meue gefjort nidjt in ben janbel ber medjtfer" tigung. )iller fagt, bab bie meue bie mebingung unb!8orau~fej;}ung ber!8ergeoung ift, ben 6iinber be~tljegen gniibig anfiefjt, tljeii er feine 6iinbe oefiagt, tljeii er eoen bamit ein anberer, ein fittridj oefferer.anenfdj getijorben ift, ber in ben jan" bel ber medjtfertigung unb ftobt bie djriftridje medjtfertigung~ieljre tljartet nidjt barauf, baf3 fidj im.anenfdjen erft aeige, elje er iljn madjt geredjt", mom. )illede redjtfertigen nidjt, unb bie meue be~ nodj UnfJefeljrten ift nidjt einmal cin gute~ )illeri. 6ie ift mit jab berounben. Wur lennt unb ljanbert nut: ba~ bem 6iinber nidjg anbere~ oidet Born, ber nidjt Heoen. 05r ljabert 05r aoer, ber idj midj, fo untabeiljaft idj audj ai~ IDCondj Ieoie, ai~ cinen 6iinber oefanb unb cin feljr ljafte, audj bie BUberfidft nidjt faffen fonnie, bab er butdj tuung berfoljnt tljerbe, HeO±e nidjt ben ber bie 6iinber f±taft; ia idj ljabte ifjn." (2utljer, XIV, 447.) redjt" fertigen Unb audj bie meue be~ ~ljri" ften fann ber medjtfertigung fein. 6ie geljort ia freiiidj in bie ~ategorie ber guten )illede. ~a~ nefiagi feine 6iinbe au~ meoe 05~ ift cine ljeilige meue. ~a finbet fidj ber goft" tljolj1gefiiiiige jab gegen bie 6iinbe. ~er bamit berment ber ~ljrift nidjt Me!8ergeoung fciner 6iinben. ~iefe~ 6tiid ber jeiligung ift tljie aile anbern guten )illede untjoiifommen, mit 6iinbe bermifdjt, ift fteg mit ber medjtifdjen iyurdjt berounben. Unb e~ ift ia bie iy 0 I g e, fann barum nidjt bie U r f a dj e ber!8ergeoung ber 6iinben fein. 05~ giot nut: e i n ~ing, ba~ ben 6iinber geredj± madjt: Me bon ~fjrifti. ~n ber 1utfjerifdjen ~irdje ift bie mebe nidjt edauot, bab bie meue ba~ jeu oetijide. ~a~ Iuiljerifdje mefenn±ni~ Ieljrt fiar unb oeftimmt:,,2:(lfo audj bediibi fidj in ber medjiferligung tljeber auf bie meue nodj auf bie mefje ober anbere 5tugenben, fonbern ailein auf <rljriftum ~ ift audj tljeber meue ober meoe ober anbere 5tugenben, fonbern ailein ber ~lauiie ba~ einige IDCitteI unb )illedaeug, bamit unb ba~!8erbienft ~ljrifti unb!8ergeoung ber 6iinben, fo un~ in ber!8erljeibung be~ 05uangeIii borge±tagen tljerben, empfangen unb annefjmen fonnen." (F. O. Trigl., 924, 30 f. 2:(poL, 298, 51 f.),,~arum ljiite bidj, bab):iu nidjt auf beine meue ber±taueft 15

10 226.gUt 2eljte bon bet lreue. ober beinem edjmera ber eunben aufcqreiveft. SDenn ott fieq± bidj nidj± bamm an, fonbcrn um bcine Iauvcn lumen." (2u±qcr, XIX, 84; XIII, ) SDer djrifthdje ~rebiger qa± fidj bor allen mebeltjenbungen au quien, Me bie,aneinung fjerbonufen fonn±en, ba13 bie meue itgenbltjie ou aur j8crgevung veltjege ober bie j8ergevung oebinge. ~ft folgenbe SDat:~ fteuung ridjtig: "eo ridj±e± er freunbhcg f cinen ~ etm auf, al bief er bie fdjltjere edjuld ber breimaligen j8erlcugnung mit einer 3'1ut gci13er mu13trancn befannt qaue"? (~, 2. e. 420.) ~fjriftu gat nidjt erft bann ~etm freunblidj aufge~ ridjtet, af er feine eunbe mit qei13en mu13tranen belannt qaite. SDat ~etm bittcrhdj ltjeinte, hlar Me 3'ofge ber bon ~qrifto bargereidjten finb nun einma1 nidjt bie muttranen, bie otie &Jera ertucidjen, ltjcbcr Die, ltjeldje au einem unvefeqrten ilcdnitfdjten &Jerilen lommen, nodj bie, ltjeldje au einem giiiuvigen aerfnitfdjten &Jeraen lommen. ~m erften 3'alle finb e feine fj e iii g en muttranen, fonbern unfjeilige j8eraltjeiflung tranen. Unb bie fjeitcn mu13tranen be me~ feqrten finb allerbing qeiiig, entftammen ciner got±ltjoqigefaliigen e~ finnung; bavei finb fie aver audj ltjegen be 3'Ieifdje be ~qriften un~ rein. ~eher hie meue, bie bem raubcn borqergefjt, nodj bie, uic bem 1auoen fo1gt, taugt aum Iauven gmnb. ~JCan barf Me eadje audj nidjt 10 barftelien, ltjie e in~. etump "SDogmatif" gefdjieqt: "Nowhere in all the pages of Holy Scripture is a promise of fotgiveness held out to any persons but the penitent and contrite. And since a man cannot possibly believe a promise which has not been made nor accept a gift which has not been offered, the impenitent man cannot possibly have saving faith. Before he can have it, he must first genuinely acknowledge and lament his sins and earnestly desire deliverance from them; for only then will he have a promise in which to place his trust." (The Ohr. Faith, e. 214.) 3'rcHidj ift ber, ber feine eunbe nidjt bereut, fein Iaubiger. zyreiiidj barf man ben, ber f dne eunbe nidjt bercut. nidjt mit ±roften. man barf bie ~et1en nidjt bor Me eaue ltjerfen. etump ltjm ltjoq1 nidjt meqr ai bie fagen. rver man barf untet fcinen Umftanben fagen, bat ber eunber nut bann, ltjenn er feine eiinbe beteut, Die j8erqe.if3ung bet j8ergevung qat, nut bann Darauf bauen fann. Wean barf nidjt 10 reben, af gave e feine objeftibe, au" gcmeine, allen eunbern geitcnbe itunbe fdjiimm, ltjenn bet eunber erft bann eine j8erqeif3ung ber j8ergebung fjatte, ltjenn er banadj entftefjt fein Q3erIangen nadj j8ergebung urn ~qri1ti ltjiiien, ltjenn nidjt etf± Mefe j8etgebung bargeboien ltjirb. SDie j8er~ qeiflung ift unbebing±.3) SDie falfdje Beqre bon ber &Jeif hjidfamfeit ber Dteue ift rein ge~ tinge SDing, fein nebenfadjiidje rbltjeidjen bon bet reinen Befjre. 3) 3a~n gibt biefer 6aclje dne ausgef,ptocljen ft)nergiftifclje mlenimng: lisl)as (fbangelium bediinbigt ben ljj1enicljen eine augemeine tut bies aber bon uotnl)etein unb ftets nut unter bet \8ebingung bet fwca. Ow. unb niotl,.... Sl)cr bon ben!j.lrcbigetn bes (fbangehums bargcliotene 6iinbenetrafl gut trot bet UnillCtfantiit bet unb ~(ffu bon botui)etein ntd)t auen) f onbcrn f 0) wie ~@fus es ljiet barfteut) immer nut einigen ljj1enfd)en) niimhclj benjenigen) welclje bie gefteute \8ebingung 3U etflluen gewiut finb./i (@b. ~0I).),R.ap, 20) 23.) - uorigens) weld) dne eine llni: berfahtiit bet bic auf cine maffe bon ljj1enfd)en oefd)tltntt wiu aue tctten) abct nut bie) bie gcwiffc \8ebingungen iu etfllucn gewiut unb fiii)ig finb. Sl)et 6l)ncrgiSmus f,pielt fld) llelanntliclj ab lrettet bet gratia universalis auf) tiiumt abcr infolgc gtllnbtid) mit bet llni: betfalwit bet giittncljen ~eigabfid)t auf.

11 :tiie gemajiigte.\linfe im f 03. ij{,efotmptogtllmm bet lrefotmlltionsaeit. 227 ~ 5 geljt Uln ben &;>auptadifei ber djriftridjen 2elJre.,,&;>ier mut mit vefonberem ~feit barauf gar gute m:djt gegeoen Itlerben, menn ber m:rtifei ber Wedjtfedigung rein oicioen foil: bat nidj± ba 5jcnige, lt1u 5 bor bem fauoen ljergelj± unb Itla bemfdoen nadjfoig± ["borgefjenbe Weue unb nadjfofgenbe gute illierre "J ilugfeidj mit in ben m:rthei ber Wedj±fcrtigung, a1 5 baau notig unb geljiirig, eingemengt ober eingefdjooen lderbe." (F. O. TrigZ., 922, 24; 794, m:pol, 272, 75.),,@3j.1redjen Itlir e bon bornfjerein au 5: e 5 gim fein merf±iinbni 5 ber lutfjerif djen m:edjtfertigung feljre, Itlo nidj± oeibe 5 in fefigefjaiten Itlirb: ~(idjte6iftena be 5 Iauoen 5, Itlo nidjt bie Weue bor~ fjergefjt, unb ~(idjte6iften3 ber meue innerfjaio ber ~rage nadj ber c~ redjtigfeit be 5 faulien 5." mranf. 5tlJeoL b.. ~onf. II, 61.) Unb e 5 geljt um bie eltlitljeit ber mergeoung, um ba 5 &;>eh be mut beri\illeifein, Itlenn bie eltlitljcit beg &;>ei1 5 irgmblllie, auf groo ri:imifdj~jubifdje obet auf feine j.1ietiftifdj~metljobif±ifdje illieife, bon ber emiii 5berfaffung ober bem fittridjen BUftanb be 5 j))cenfdjen aoljiingig gemadj± 11lirb. 91elJmen illtr bie ernf±en illiode D.5.jSieper 5 illl &;>er3en I "illieber ltla 5 bem lauven im j))(:enfdjen borljergelj± (bie ffieue, contritio), nodj ltla 5 bem lauoen foigt (unio mystica, &;>ciiigung unb gute illierre ufltl.) barf bem Iauoen nf 5 ~fneignunggmi±te! ber mergedung roorbinied ober mit iljm berounben Itlerben. efdjiefj± bie, fn Itlirb bie gan3e djriftridjc &;>eii 5orbnung bcrfcljd unb in cine Unfjcif :~ orbnung bertuanbeh." ([ljriftr. ~ogm. II, 473.) ltnb bie ernf±ctt illiode D. illiartljer :,,@3oIdje 5.jSrebigten Itliden fdjiibiidj unb berfufjren oringen fie ilu faifdjem CSlIauben, 3U falfdjer &;>offnung, 3U faifdjer meue, 111adjen nur &;>eudjler unb ftiiraen oft audj in mer3itleiflung." ( ef u. ~b., 238. Of. m:j.1ol, 260, 34.) ltnb bie ernf±en illior±e D. 2utlJer :,,~anndj benre, bat ober mergeliung ber eiinben nidjt fte~± auf un1 erer melle ober illiurbigfeit, Itlie fie IelJren unb bedefjren; benn ba ift gan3 j.1elagianifdj, ±iirfifdj, fjeibnifdj, jubifdj, Itliebediiuferifdj, fdjltliirmerifdj unb cnbedjriftifdj; fonbern luiebennl1, bab unfere melle, illied, ~era unb Itla Itlir finb, forren fidj auf bamn... meuen foilf± bu (ba ift Itlafjr), aber bat barul11 bie mergedllng forae gelllib merben unb bc illied bef±iiiigen, ba ljeitt ben Iauoen beriaffen unb ~ljrif±um bericugnet. ~r ltliii bit: nidjt um beinetilliiien, fonbern um fcin fe10i± ltliiien, au0 Iauter naben, burdj bergcoen unb fdjenren." (XIX, 943 f.) (i}'l1ttietung fo1gt.) 5t n g e r b e r. ;Die gemiifiigte infe hn fdijialen ffiefdfmvfdgfamm ber ffiefdfmatidns&eit. illienn Itlil: uoer bie naibe morfteiiul1g fjinau :gef0111men finb, aig 00 fidj bie firdjiidj ~reiigiiif e ltl11feljr be f edjaefjnten ~nljrfjl1nbed in gia±±em, uoerail gieidj bouaogen fjii±te, erf±aunen Itlb: nidjt baruoer, bafl in jener oeltlegten Beit neoen ben ~llligfei± 5gebanfen mandjertei ~ie 5feH ltlunfdje unb ~fjoffnungen raut reben. ~abei ben~ fen unb reben &;>umaniften, ffieforma±oren unb ~iebcdiiufer anbere nnb in anberer illicife. ~ie illiiebertiiufer geljoren ber gan3 rabifalcn 2infen an. Bltlifdjen iljnen unb ben meforl11a±oren ftefjen j))ccinungen,