A Harmony of the Gospels. for the study of. The Life of the Messiah

Transcription

1 A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah The arrangement of this harmony is based upon Dr. Arnold Fruchtenbaum s outline of The Life of Messiah from a Jewish Perspective which in turn is based upon A.T. Robertson s A Harmony of the Gospels Compiled by Eric Vear 2013

2 Scripture taken from the NEW AMERICAN STANDARD BIBLE, Copyright 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation All rights reserved. For Permission to quote the text of the NASB, please visit Published by Eric Vear The copyright agreement allowing me to distribute this ebook also allows you, the reader, to make copies of this document for personal use, but prohibits you from redistributing it in any way. If you would like to make this file available to others, please give them a link to its web page: The 'NASB," 'NAS," "New American Standard Bible," and "New American Standard" trademarks are registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office by The Lockman Foundation. The majority of the headings are taken from Dr. Arnold Fruchtenbaum s outline of The Life of the Messiah from a Jewish Perspective Copyright 2006, Ariel Ministries Used by permission. Eric Vear s notes on The Life of the Messiah from a Jewish Perspective can be downloaded from Cover Photo: The southern end of the Sea of Galilee (Lake Tiberias) viewed from the western side looking a little south of east. The hills on the far (eastern) side of the lake were part of Bashan in Old Testament times, and part of the region of the Decapolis in Jesus time. Today they are the southern part of the Golan Heights. Last updated ii A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah

3 Inasmuch as many have undertaken to compile an account of the things accomplished among us, just as they were handed down to us by those who from the beginning were eyewitnesses and servants of the word, it seemed fitting for me as well, having investigated everything carefully from the beginning, to write it out for you in consecutive order, most excellent Theophilus; so that you may know the exact truth about the things you have been taught. Luke 1:1-4 The purpose of this book is to provide a convenient resource for studying the life of the Messiah in the Jewish context of first century Israel. It consists of the text of the four gospels arranged under headings and sub-headings that assist a thematic study of Jesus life in His Jewish context. The text follows the order of Luke's gospel and is arranged so that parallel accounts of the same event are side by side. The order of Luke s account is chosen because he claims to have investigated everything carefully and he has written it out in consecutive order. It is based on A.T. Robertson's A Harmony of the Gospels, originally published in 1923, but differs in that it: adheres more closely to Luke's order has more subdivisions in places uses thematic headings taken from Dr. Arnold Fruchtenbaum s The Life of the Messiah from a Jewish Perspective Puts parallel accounts in the familiar order: Matthew, Mark, Luke, John uses the text of the NASB is set out on A4 sheets for easier reading The sections of this Harmony have been renumbered in consecutive sequence for ease of reference. Appendix 20 provides two tables comparing these numbers with those used by Robertson. The first table is sorted by Robertson s numbers, and the second is sorted by the numbers used in this book. There is also a Scripture index which shows where to find each passage of the Scripture text in the harmony. A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah iii

4 iv A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah

5 May God, Who inspired the gospel writers, give you understanding of what they wrote. A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah v

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7 Table of Contents Prologue A. The Source of Knowledge (Luke s Prologue), 1, Luke 1: B. The Pre-existence of the Messiah (John s Prologue), 2, John 1: I The Introduction of the King, A. The Arrival of the King, The Genealogy of the King, 3, Matthew 1:1-17; Luke 3: The Advent of the King, a. The Announcement of the Birth of John to Zacharias, 4, Luke 1: b. The Announcement of the Birth of Jesus to Mary, 5, Luke 1: c. The Visit of Mary to Elizabeth, 6, Luke 1: d. The Song of Mary, 7, Luke 1: e. The Birth of John, 8, Luke 1: (1) The Birth of John... 5 (2) Zacharias Prophecy... 5 f. The Announcement of the Birth of Jesus to Joseph, 9, Matthew 1: g. The Birth of the King, 10, Luke 2: h. The Announcement to the Shepherds, 11, Luke 2: His Infancy and Childhood, a. The Circumcision, 12, Luke 2: b. The Presentation, 13, Luke 2: c. His Infancy... 7 (1) In Bethlehem, 14, Matthew 2: (2) In Egypt, 15, Matthew 2: (3) In Nazareth, 16, Matthew 2:19-23; Luke 2: d. His Boyhood... 9 (1) His Growth, 17, Luke 2: (2) The Visit to Jerusalem, 18, Luke 2: (3) His Development, 19, Luke 2: B. The Herald of the King, The Message to John, 20, Mark 1:1; Luke 3: The Message by John, 21, Matthew 3:1-6; Mark 1:2-6; Luke 3: A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah vii

8 3. The Explanation by John, 22, Matthew 3:7-10; Luke 3: The Promise by John, 23, Mark 1:7-8; Matthew 3:11-12; Luke 3: C. The Approval of the King, At His Baptism, 24, Matthew 3:13-17 Mark 1:9-11; Luke 3: Through the Temptation, 25, Matthew 4:1-11; Mark 1:12-13; Luke 4: By His Herald, a. Testimony of John before Leaders, 26, John 1: b. Testimony of John to Jesus, 27, John 1: II The Authentication of the King, A. Acceptance of His Person, In the Belief by the First Disciples, 28, John 1: The Belief through the first Miracle, 29, John 2: The Sojourn in Capernaum, 30, John 2: The Possession of the Temple the First Passover, 31, John 2: Acceptance in Judea, 32, John 2:23-3: a. Faith in His Signs b. The Explanation to Nicodemus The Witness of John, 33, John 3: The Imprisonment of John, 34, Matthew 4:12; Mark 1:14; Luke 3:19-20; 4:14; John 4: The Acceptance in Samaria, 35, John 4: The Acceptance in Galilee, 36, John 4: B. The Authority of the King, Messiah s Authority to Preach, 37, Matthew 4:17; Mark 1:14-15; Luke 4: Messiah s Authority to Heal, 38, John 4: The Rejection in Nazareth, 39, Luke 4: The Headquarters in Capernaum, 40, Matthew 4: Messiah s Authority over Demons, 41, Mark 1:21-28; Luke 4: Messiah s Authority over Disease, 42, Matthew 8:14-17; Mark 1:29-34; Luke 4: viii A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah

9 7. Messiah s Authority to Preach, 43, Matthew 4:23-25; Mark 1:35-39; Luke 4: Messiah s Authority over Nature, 44, Matthew 4:18-22; Mark 1:16-20; Luke 5: Messiah s Authority over Defilement, 45, Matthew 8: 2-4; Mark 1:40-45; Luke 5: Messiah s Authority to Forgive Sin, 46, Matthew 9:1-8; Mark 2:1-12; Luke 5: Messiah s Authority over Men, 47, Matthew 9:9-13; Mark 2:13-17; Luke 5: Messiah s Authority over Tradition, 48, Matthew 9:14-17; Mark 2:18-22, Luke 5: Messiah s Authority over the Sabbath, a. Through the Healing of the Paralytic, 49, John 5: b. Through the Controversy over Grain, 50, Matthew 12:1-8; Mark 2:23-28; Luke 6: c. Through the Healing of the Man with a Withered Hand, 51, Matthew 12:9-14; Mark 3:1-6; Luke 6: Messiah s Authority to Heal, 52, Matthew 12: 15-21; Mark 3: The Choosing of the Twelve, 53, Mark 3:13-19; Luke 6: Messiah s Authority to Interpret the Law, 54, Matthew 5-7; Luke 6: a. The Occasion, Matthew 5:1-2; Luke 6: b. The Characteristics of True Righteousness (1) The Characteristics of Those Who Attain True Righteousness i. In Relationship to God, The Beatitudes Part 1: Matthew 5:3-6; Luke 6: ii. In Relationship to Man, Matthew 5:7-12; Luke 6: (2) The Characteristics of Those Who Fail, Luke 6: (3) The Characteristics of True Righteousness in Relationship to the World, Matthew 5: c. The Code of Righteousness, Matthew 5: (1) Introduction, Matthew 5: (2) Examples of the Code of True Righteousness: Matthew 5:21-48; Luke 6: d. The Conduct of True Righteousness, Matthew 6: e. The Practice of True Righteousness: Matthew 6:19-34, 7:1-12; Luke 6: f. The Warning Concerning True Righteousness (Four Pairs), Matthew 7:13-27; Luke 6: g. The Conclusion, Matthew 7:28-29; 8: Recognition of Authority in Capernaum, 55, Matthew 8:5-13; Luke 7: Recognition of Authority throughout the Land, 56, Luke 7: III The Controversy over the King, A. The Rejection of the Herald, 57, Matthew 11:2-19; Luke 7: A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah ix

10 1. A Deputation from John Jesus Tribute to John Responses Reasons for Rejection B. Curses on the Cities of Galilee, 58, Matthew 11: C. The Reception of a Sinner, 59, Luke 7: D. The Witness to the King, Ministering Women 60, Luke 8: E. The Rejection of the King by the Leaders, $ The Unpardonable Sin, 61, Matthew 12:22-37; Mark 3: a. The Rejection, Matthew 12: 22-24; Mark 3: b. The Defence, Matthew 12:25-29; Mark 3: c. The Judgement, Matthew 12:30-37; Mark 3: The New Policy Concerning Signs, 62, Matthew 12: a. The Sign for that Generation b. The Judgement of that Generation F. Revelation in view of Rejection, The Repudiation of all Earthly Relations, 63, Matthew 12:46-50; Mark 3:31-35; Luke 8: The Course of the Kingdom Program in the Present Age, 64, Matthew 13:1-53; Mark 4:1-34; Luke 8: Jesus Teaches in Parables, Mark 4:1-2; Matthew 13:1-3a; Luke 8: The Reason Jesus Teaches in Parables, Matthew 13:10-17, 34-35; Mark 4:10-12, 21-25, 33-34; Luke 8:9-10, a. The Parable of the Sower, Matthew 13:3b-9, 18-23; Mark 4:3-9, 13-20; Luke 8:5-7, b. The Parable of the Seed that is sown, Mark 4: c. The Parable of the Tares, Matthew 13:24-30, d. The Parable of the Mustard Seed, Matthew 13:31-32; Mark 4: e. The Parable of the Leaven, Matthew 13: f. The Parable of the Hidden Treasure, Matthew 13: g. The Parable of the Pearl of Great Price, Matthew 13: h. The Parable of the Net, Matthew 13: i. The Parable of the Householder, Matthew 13: Power over Nature, 65, Matthew 8:18, 23-27; Mark 4:35-41; Luke 8: Power over Demons, The Gerasene Demoniac 66, Matthew 8:28-34; Mark 5:1-20; Luke 8: x A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah

11 5. Power over Disease and Death, 67, Matthew 9:18-26; Mark 5:21-43; Luke 8: Power over Blindness, 68, Matthew 9: G. The Final Rejection in Nazareth, 69, Matthew 13:54-58; Mark 6:1-6a H. Witness in view of Rejection, 70, Matthew 9:35-11:1; Mark 6:6b-13; Luke 9: Introduction, Mark 6:6b; Matthew 9: The Ministry of the Twelve, Matthew 10:1; Mark 6:7; Luke 9: Practical Instructions for the Mission, Matt. 10:5-15; Mark 6:8-11; Luke 9: Instructions in View of the Coming Persecution, Matthew 10: Instructions in View of Rejection, Matthew 10: The Results of Rejection, Matthew 10: Rewards for Individuals Who Accept, Matthew 10: The Fulfilment, Matthew 11:1; Mark 6:12-13; Luke 9: I. The Death of the Herald, 71, Matthew 14:1-12; Mark 6:14-29; Luke 9: IV The Training of the Twelve by the King, A. The Feeding of the five thousand, 72, Matthew 14:13 21; Mark 6:30 44; Luke 9:10 17; John 6: B. Messiah s Rejection of the Galileans Offer to make Him King, 73, Matthew 14:22 23; Mark 6:45 46; John 6: C. The Training through the Storm, 74, Matthew 14:24 33; Mark 6:47 52; John 6: D. The Reception in Gennesaret, 75, Matthew 14:34 36; Mark 6: E. Instruction Concerning the Bread of Life, 76, John 6: F. Instruction Concerning Defilement, 77, Matthew 15:1 20; Mark 7:1 23; John 7: G. The Reception in Tyre and Sidon, 78, Matthew 15:21 28; Mark 7: H. The Reception in Decapolis, 79, Matthew 15:29 38; Mark 7:31 8: I. The Rejection in Magadan, 80, Matthew 15:39 16:4; Mark 8: J. The Warning against Rejection, 81, Matthew 16:5 12; Mark 8: A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah xi

12 K. The Confession of Peter, 82, Matthew 16:13 20; Mark 8:27 30; Luke 9: Jesus questions and Peter s confession of His Messiahship Jesus Response to Peter Jesus Policy L. Instruction Concerning the Death of the King, 83, Matthew 16:21 26; Mark 8:31 37; Luke 9: M. Instruction Concerning the Kingdom, The Promise of Revelation, 84, Matthew 16:27 28; Mark 8:38 9:1; Luke 9: The Transfiguration: The Revelation of the Kingdom, 85, Matthew 17:1 8; Mark 9:2 8; Luke 9:28 36a N. Instruction Concerning Elijah, 86, Matthew 17:9 13; Mark 9:9 13; Luke 9:36b. 84 O. Instruction Concerning Faith, 87, Matthew 17:14 20; Mark 9:14 29; Luke 9:37 43a P. Instruction Concerning the Death of the King, 88, Matthew 17:22 23; Mark 9:30 32; Luke 9:43b Q. Instruction Concerning Sonship, 89, Matthew 17: R. Instruction Concerning Humility, 90, Matthew 18:1 5; Mark 9:33 37; Luke 9: S. Instruction Concerning Exclusiveness and Pride, 91, Matthew 18:6 14; Mark 9:38 50; Luke 9: T. Instruction Concerning Forgiveness, 92, Matthew 18: U. The Challenge by the Brothers, 93, John 7: V. The Journey to Jerusalem, 94, Luke 9:51 56; John 7: W. Instruction Concerning Discipleship, 95, Matthew 8:19 22; Luke 9: V THE OPPOSITION TO THE KING, A. The Conflict at the Feast of Tabernacles, 96, John 7: Messiah's Authority Questioned, John 7: Messiah's Explanation, John 7: Messiah's Person Questioned, John 7: xii A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah

13 4. Messiah's Explanation, John 7: The People's Response, John 7: Messiah's Invitation, John 7: The Pharisaic Response, John 7: B. The Conflict Over the Law, 97, John 7:53 8: C. The Conflict Over the Light, 98, John 8: D. The Conflict Over His Person, 99, John 8: Messiah the True Object of Faith, John 8: Messiah the True Deliverer, John 8: a. From Sin, John 8: b. From Satan, John 8: c. From Death, John 8: E. The Conflict Over the Healing of the Man Born Blind, 100, John 9: Physical Healing, John 9: The First Interrogation, John 9: The Interrogation of Parents, John 9: The Second Interrogation, John 9: Spiritual Healing, John 9: F. The Conflict Over the Shepherd, 101, John 10: Messiah the True Shepherd, John 10: Messiah the Door, John 10: Messiah the Good Shepherd, John 10: The Division, John 10: G. The Witness of the Seventy, 102, Luke 10: The Seventy Sent, Luke 10: The Seventy Return, Luke 10: Messiah's Prayer, Luke 10: H. The Conflict Over the Question of Eternal Life, 103, Luke 10: A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah xiii

14 I. The Example of Fellowship, 104, Luke 10: J. Instruction in Prayer, 105, Luke 11: K. Conflict Over Healing of the Dumb Man, 106, Luke 11: The Charge, Luke 11: The Defence, Luke 11: The Condition of the Nation, Luke 11: The Sign to that Generation, Luke 11: The Call to the Nation, Luke 11: L. The Conflict Over Pharisaic Ritualism, 107, Luke 11: M. Instruction of the Disciples, Hypocrisy, 108, Luke 12: Covetousness, Luke 12: a. Occasion, Luke 12: b. Instruction, Luke 12: c. Application, Luke 12: Watchfulness, Luke 12: Faithfulness, Luke 12: The Effects of His Coming, Luke 12: The Signs of the Times, Luke 12: Concerning Repentance, 109, Luke 13: Concerning Israel's Need, 110, Luke 13: Concerning the Kingdom Program, 111, Luke 13: N. The Conflict at the Feast of Dedication, 112, John 10: VI THE PREPARATION OF THE DISCIPLES BY THE KING, A. The Withdrawal from Judea, 113, John 10: B. Instruction Concerning Entrance into the Kingdom, 114, Luke 13: C. Instruction in a Pharisee's House, 115, Luke 14: True Sabbath Rest, Luke 14: xiv A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah

15 2. Humility, Luke 14: Respect of Persons, Luke 14: The Rejection of the Invitation, Luke 14: D. Instruction Concerning Discipleship, 116, Luke 14: E. Instruction Concerning God's Attitude toward Sinners, 117, Luke 15: The Occasion The Parable of the Lost Sheep, Luke 15: The Parable of the Lost Coin, Luke 15: The Parable of the Prodigal Son, Luke 15: F. Instruction Concerning Wealth, 118, Luke 16: The Parable of the Unjust Steward, Luke 16: The Conflict with the Pharisees, Luke 16: The Story of the Rich Man and Lazarus, Luke 16: G. Instruction Concerning Forgiveness, 119, Luke 17: H. Instruction Concerning Service, 120, Luke 17: I. The Resurrection of Lazarus: The First Sign of Jonah, The Sign of Resurrection, 121, John 11: a. The Death of Lazarus, John 11: b. Jesus and Martha, John 11: c. Jesus and Mary, John 11: d. Jesus and Lazarus, John 11: The Rejection of the First Sign of Jonah, 122, John 11: Instruction in Light of Rejection, 123, Luke 17: a. The Personal Witness to Caiaphas, Luke 17: b. The New Form of the Kingdom Program, Luke 17: c. Instruction Concerning the Second Coming, Luke 17: J. Instruction in Prayer, 124, Luke 18: Perpetual Prayer, Luke 18: Humble Prayer, Luke 18: A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah xv

16 K. Instruction on Divorce, 125, Matthew 19:1 12; Mark 10: L. Instruction on Entrance into the Kingdom, 126, Matthew 19:13 15; Mark 10:13 16; Luke 18: M. Instruction on Eternal Life, 127, Matthew 19:16 20:16; Mark 10:17-31; Luke 18: N. Instruction Concerning His Death, 128, Matthew 20:17 28; Mark 10:32 45; Luke 18: O. The Healing of the Blind Men, 129, Matthew 20:29 34; Mark 10:46 52; Luke 18: P. Instruction Concerning the Kingdom Program, 130, Luke 19: Personal Faith, Luke 19: Postponed Kingdom, Luke 19: VII THE OFFICIAL PRESENTATION OF THE KING, A. The Arrival in Bethany, 131, John 11:55 12:1, 12: B. The Triumphal Entry, 132, Matthew 21:1 11, 14-17; Mark 11:1 11; Luke 19:29 44; John 12: C. The Authority of the King, , Matthew 21:18 19a, 12 13; Mark 11:12 18; Luke 19: The Cursing of the Fig Tree, 133, Matthew 21:18 19a; Mark 11: Possession of the Temple, 134, Matthew 21:12 13; Mark 11:15 18; Luke 19: D. The Invitations by the King, 135, John 12: The Invitation, John 12: John's Summary of Messiah's Ministry, John 12: a. Summary of Israel, John 12: b. Summary of Jesus, John 12: E. The Proof of Authority, 136, Matthew 21:19b 22; Mark 11: F. The Authority of the King Challenged: The Testing of the Lamb, 137, By Priests and Elders, 137, Matthew 21:23-22:14; Mark 11:27 12:12; Luke 20: a. The Attack, Matthew 21:23; Mark 11:27-28; Luke 20: b. The Answer, Matthew 21:24 27; Mark 11:29 33; Luke 20: (1) The Parable of the Two Sons, Matthew 21: xvi A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah

17 (2) The Parable of the Householder, Matthew 21:33 46; Mark 12:1 12; Luke 20: (3) The Parable of the Wedding, Matthew 22: By Pharisees and Herodians, 138, Matthew 22:15 22; Mark 12:13 17; Luke 20: a. The Attack, Matthew 22:15-17; Mark 12:13-15a; Luke 20: b. The Answer, Matthew 22:18 22; Mark 12:15b 17; Luke 20: By Sadducees, 139, Matthew 22:23 33; Mark 12:18 27; Luke 20: a. The Attack, Matthew 22:23 28; Mark 12:18 23; Luke 20: b. The Answer, Matthew 22:29 33; Mark 12:24 27; Luke 20: By Pharisees, 140, Matthew 22:34 40; Mark 12: a. The Attack, Matthew 22:34 36; Mark 12: b. The Answer, Matthew 22:37 40; Mark 12: G. The Challenge by the King, 141, Matthew 22:41 46; Mark 12:35 37; Luke 20: H. The Judgment by the King, 142, Matthew 23:1 39; Mark 12:38 40; Luke 20: To the Disciples and Multitudes, Matthew 23:1 12; Mark 12:38 40; Luke 20: To the Pharisees, Matthew 23: The Lament, Matthew 23: I. Instruction at the Treasury, 143, Mark 12:41 44; Luke 21: VIII THE PREPARATION FOR THE DEATH OF THE KING, A. The Prophecies of the King, 144, Matthew 24 25; Mark 13:1 37; Luke 21: The Historical Setting, Matthew 24:1-2; Mark 13:1-2; Luke 21: The Three Questions, Matthew 24:3; Mark 13:3-4; Luke 21: The General Characteristics of the Church Age, Matthew 24:4-6; Mark 13:5-7; Luke 21: The Sign of the End of the Age, Matthew 24:7-8; Mark 13:8; Luke 21: The Personal Experiences of the Apostles, Mark 13:9-13a; Luke 21: The Sign of the Fall of Jerusalem, Luke 21: The Great Tribulation, Matthew 24:9-28; Mark 13:13b a. The First Half, Matthew 24:9-14; Mark 13:13b, b. The Second Half, Matthew 24:15-28; Mark 13: A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah xvii

18 8. The Second Coming, Matthew 24:29-30; Mark 13:24-26; Luke 21: The Regathering of Israel, Matthew 24:31; Mark 13: The Exhortation, Luke 21: The Parable of the Fig Tree, Matthew 24:32-35; Mark 13:28-31; Luke 21: The Rapture, Matthew 24:36-42; Mark 13:32; Luke 21: Parables Urging Watchfulness, Readiness and Labour, Matthew 24:43-25:30; Mark 13: a. The Parable of the Porter, Mark 13: b. The Parable of the Master of the House, Matthew 24: c. The Parable of the Faithful Servant and the Evil Servant, Matthew 24: d. The Parable of the Ten Virgins, Matthew 25: e. The Parable of the Talents, Matthew 25: The Judgment of the Gentiles, Matthew 25: Luke Summary, Luke 21: B. The Preparation for Messiah's Death, The Prediction of His Death, 145, Matthew 26: The Conspiracy of the Rulers, 146, Matthew 26:3-5; Mark 14:1 2; Luke 22: The Pouring of Ointment, 147, Matthew 26:6 13; Mark 14:3 9; John 12: The Promise to Betray, 148, Matthew 26:14 16; Mark 14:10 11; Luke 22: The Last Passover and the First Lord's Supper, a. The Preparation for the Seder, 149, Matthew 26:17 19; Mark 14:12 16; Luke 22: b. The start of the Passover Observance, 150, Matthew 26:20; Mark 14:17; Luke 22: c. The First Cup, 151, Luke 22: d. The Washing of the Feet and the First Prediction of Judas' Betrayal, 152, John 13: e. Carpas: The Second Prediction of Judas' Betrayal, 153, Matthew 26:21-25; Mark 14:18-21; Luke 22: f. The Breaking of the Middle Matzah, 154, Matthew 26:26; Mark 14:22; Luke 22:19; 1 Corinthians 11: g. The Sop: The Third Prediction of Judas' Betrayal, 155, John 13: h. The Third Cup, 156, Matthew 26:27-29; Mark 14:23-25; Luke 22:20; 1 Corinthians 11: i. A Lesson in Greatness, 157, Luke 22: j. The Prediction of Peter's Denial, 158, Matthew 26:31-35; Mark 14:27-31; Luke 22:31-38; John 13: k. The Hallel, 159, Matthew 26:30; Mark 14: xviii A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah

19 C. The Promises and Admonitions by the King, In the Upper Room, 160, John 14: On the Way to Gethsemane, 161, John 15:1-27, 16: D. The High Priestly Prayer, 162, John 17: Concerning Himself, John 17: Concerning the Apostles, John 17: a. Preservation, John 17: b. Protection, John 17: c. Sanctification, John 17: Concerning All Believers, John 17: a. Unity, John 17: b. Glorification, John 17: Concerning His continued work, John 17: E. The Agony of Gethsemane, 163, Matthew 26:36-46; Mark 14:32-42; Luke 22:39-46; John 18: IX THE REJECTION OF THE KING: THE TRIAL AND THE DEATH OF THE MESSIAH, A. The Arrest, 164, Matthew 26:47-56; Mark 14:43-52; Luke 22:47-53; John 18: B. The Religious Trial, The Trial Before Annas, 165, John 18:12-14, The Trial Before Caiaphas, 166, Matthew 26:59-68; Mark 14:53, 55-65; Luke 22:54a; John 18: The Denial by Peter, 167, Matthew 26:58, 69-75; Mark 14:54, 66-72; Luke 22:54b-62; John 18:15-18, The Mockery and Beating, 168, Luke 22: The Condemnation by the Sanhedrin, 169, Matthew 27:1; Luke 22:66-71; Mark 15:1a The Death of Judas, 170, Matthew 27:3-10; Acts 1: C. The Civil Trial, The First Trial before Pilate, 171, Matthew 27:2, 11-14; Mark 15:1b-5; Luke 23:1-5; John 18: A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah xix

20 2. The Trial before Herod, 172, Luke 23: The Second Trial before Pilate, 173, Matthew 27:15-26; Mark 15:6-15; Luke 23:13-25; John 18:39-40; 19: a. First attempt to release Him b. Second attempt to release Him c. Third attempt to release Him d. Fourth attempt to release Him e. Fifth attempt to release Him f. Sixth attempt to release Him g. Sentence pronounced The Mockery, 174, Matthew 27:27-30 ; Mark 15: D. The Procession to Calvary, 175, Matthew 27:31-34; Mark 15:20-23; Luke 23:26-33a; John 19: ) He carries His own cross ) Simon of Cyrene carries His cross ) The Lament over Jerusalem ) The arrival at Golgotha ) The refusal to drink a mixture E. The Crucifixion, The First Three Hours: The Wrath of Men, 176, Matthew 27:35-44, 55-56; Mark 15:24-32, 40-41; Luke 23:33b-43; John 19: ) The crucifixion ) The first statement from the cross ) The dividing of the garments ) The erection of the superscription ) The co-crucifixion of two other men ) The fifth mockery by passers by ) The sixth mockery by Jewish leaders ) The seventh mockery by Roman soldiers ) The eighth mockery by the co-crucified robbers ) Conversion of the man co-crucified with Him ) The second statement from the cross ) The third statement from the cross The Second Three Hours: The Wrath of God, 177, Matthew 27:45-50; Mark 15:33-37; Luke 23:44-46; John 19: ) Darkness covered the whole land xx A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah

21 19) The fourth statement from the cross - Eli, Eli, Lama Sabachthani ) The response of those standing by ) Fifth statement from the cross I thirst ) He partakes of the vinegar ) The sixth statement from the cross It is finished ) The seventh statement from the cross - Father, INTO YOUR HANDS I COMMIT MY SPIRIT ) His physical death The Accompanying Signs, 178, Matthew 27:51-54; Mark 15:38-39; Luke 23:45b, ) The Accompanying Signs F. The Burial of the Messiah, 179, Matthew 27:57-60; Mark 15:42-46; Luke 23:50-54; John 19: ) The piercing of Jesus ) The request for the body of Jesus ) The removal of the body from the cross ) His actual burial G. The Sealing of the Tomb, 180, Matthew 27:61-66; Mark 15:47; Luke 23: ) The Preparation for embalming ) The sealing of the tomb X THE RESURRECTION AND THE ASCENSION OF THE KING, A. The Dawning of Resurrection Day, 181, Matthew 28:1; Mark 16: B. The Opening of the Tomb, 182, Matthew 28: C. The Visit of Mary Magdalene, 183, John 20: D. Mary s Report to the Apostles, 184, Luke 24:12; John 20: E. The First Appearance: Mary Magdalene, 185, Mark 16:9-11; John 20: F. The Visit of the Women, 186, Matthew 28:5-8; Mark 16:2-8; Luke 24:1-9a; G. The Second Appearance: The Women, 187, Matthew 28: H. The Women s Report to the Apostles, 188, Luke 24:9b I. The Report of the Guard: The Rejection of the Second Sign of Jonah, 189, Matthew 28: J. The Third Appearance: To the Two on the Emmaus Road, 190, Mark 16:12-13; Luke 24: A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah xxi

22 K. The Fourth Appearance: Peter, 191, Luke 24:33-35; 1 Corinthians 15: L. The Fifth Appearance: The Ten, 192, Mark 16:14; Luke 24:36-43; John 20: M. The Sixth Appearance: The Eleven, 193, John 20:26-31; 1 Corinthians15: N. The Seventh Appearance: The Seven, 194, John 21: O. The Eighth Appearance: The Five Hundred, 195, Matthew 28:16-20; Mark 16:15-18; 1 Corinthians 15: P. The Ninth Appearance: James, 196, 1 Corinthians 15: Q. The Tenth Appearance: The Eleven, 197, Luke 24:44-49; Acts 1: R. The Ascension of the King, 198, Mark 16:19-20; Luke 24:50-53; Acts 1: Sequel to the Life of Christ A. The Elements of Signs, 1 Corinthians 1: B. The Relationship of the Life of Christ to the Book of Acts, Acts 6 8; 1 Peter 3: C. The Relationship of the Life of Christ to the Book of Hebrews, Luke 21:20-24; Hebrews 13: D. The Third Sign of Jonah, Zechariah 4:1-14; Revelation 11: APPENDIX 1 Interpretation Rules for Understanding Prophecy and Scripture APPENDIX 2 John s Seven s and the Three Messianic Miracles APPENDIX 3 Personification of the WORD (Hebrew Davar, Aramaic Memra) APPENDIX 4 When was Jesus Born? APPENDIX 5 The Four Lists of the Apostles APPENDIX 6 Yod and Tittle APPENDIX 7 Old Testament Prophesies about the Outpouring of the Holy Spirit xxii A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah

23 APPENDIX 8 The Place of the Dead APPENDIX 9 Map Messiah s Last Week A.D APPENDIX Laws of the Sanhedrin Regarding Trials APPENDIX 11 Chronology of Jesus last week APPENDIX 12 The Resurrection Appearances of the King APPENDIX 13 Summary of the Parables of the Mystery Kingdom APPENDIX 20 A. T. Robertson s Section Numbers Scripture Index Index A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah xxiii

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25 1 Prologue 1-2 A. The Source of Knowledge (Luke s Prologue), 1, Luke 1:1-4 Luke 1:1 4 1 Inasmuch as many have undertaken to compile an account of the things accomplished among us, 2 just as they were handed down to us by those who from the beginning were eyewitnesses and servants of the word, 3 it seemed fitting for me as well, having investigated everything carefully from the beginning, to write it out for you in consecutive order, most excellent Theophilus; 4 so that you may know the exact truth about the things you have been taught. John 1:1 18 B. The Pre-existence of the Messiah (John s Prologue), 2, John 1:1-18 The Deity of Jesus Christ 1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2 He was in the beginning with God. 3 All things came into being through Him, and apart from Him nothing came into being that has come into being. 4 In Him was life, and the life was the Light of men. 5 The Light shines in the darkness, and the darkness did not comprehend it. The Witness of John 6 There came a man sent from God, whose name was John. 7 He came as a witness, to testify about the Light, so that all might believe through him. 8 He was not the Light, but he came to testify about the Light. 9 There was the true Light which, coming into the world, enlightens every man. 10 He was in the world, and the world was made through Him, and the world did not know Him. 11 He came to His own, and those who were His own did not receive Him. 12 But as many as received Him, to them He gave the right to become children of God, even to those who believe in His name, 13 who were born, not of blood nor of the will of the flesh nor of the will of man, but of God. The Word Made Flesh 14 And the Word became flesh, and dwelt among us, and we saw His glory, glory as of the only begotten from the Father, full of grace and truth. 15 John * testified about Him and cried out, saying, This was He of whom I said, He who comes after me has a higher rank than I, for He existed before me. 16 For of His fullness we have all received, and grace upon grace. 17 For the Law was given through Moses; grace and truth were realized through Jesus Christ. 18 No one has seen God at any time; the only begotten God who is in the bosom of the Father, He has explained Him. A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah 1

26 3 I The Introduction of the King, 3-27 A. The Arrival of the King, The Genealogy of the King, 3, Matthew 1:1-17; Luke 3:23-38 Matthew 1: The record of the genealogy of Jesus the Messiah, the son of David, the son of Abraham: 2 Abraham was the father of Isaac, Isaac the father of Jacob, and Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers. 3 Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez was the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram. 4 Ram was the father of Amminadab, Amminadab the father of Nahshon, and Nahshon the father of Salmon. 5 Salmon was the father of Boaz by Rahab, Boaz was the father of Obed by Ruth, and Obed the father of Jesse. 6 Jesse was the father of David the king. David was the father of Solomon by Bathsheba who had been the wife of Uriah. 7 Solomon was the father of Rehoboam, Rehoboam the father of Abijah, and Abijah the father of Asa. 8 Asa was the father of Jehoshaphat, Jehoshaphat the father of Joram, and Joram the father of Uzziah. 9 Uzziah was the father of Jotham, Jotham the father of Ahaz, and Ahaz the father of Hezekiah. 10 Hezekiah was the father of Manasseh, Manasseh the father of Amon, and Amon the father of Josiah. 11 Josiah became the father of Jeconiah and his brothers, at the time of the deportation to Babylon. 12 After the deportation to Babylon: Jeconiah became the father of Shealtiel, and Shealtiel the father of Zerubbabel. 13 Zerubbabel was the father of Abihud, Abihud the father of Eliakim, and Eliakim the father of Azor. 14 Azor was the father of Zadok, Zadok the father of Achim, and Achim the father of Eliud. 15 Eliud was the father of Eleazar, Eleazar the father of Matthan, and Matthan the father of Jacob. 16 Jacob was the father of Joseph the husband of Mary, by whom Jesus was born, who is called the Messiah. Luke 3: When He began His ministry, Jesus Himself was about thirty years of age, being, as was supposed, the son of Joseph, the son of Eli, 24 the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, the son of Melchi, the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph, 25 the son of Mattathias, the son of Amos, the son of Nahum, the son of Hesli, the son of Naggai, 26 the son of Maath, the son of Mattathias, the son of Semein, the son of Josech, the son of Joda, 27 the son of Joanan, the son of Rhesa, the son of Zerubbabel, the son of Shealtiel, the son of Neri, 28 the son of Melchi, the son of Addi, the son of Cosam, the son of Elmadam, the son of Er, 29 the son of Joshua, the son of Eliezer, the son of Jorim, the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, 30 the son of Simeon, the son of Judah, the son of Joseph, the son of Jonam, the son of Eliakim, 31 the son of Melea, the son of Menna, the son of Mattatha, the son of Nathan, the son of David, 32 the son of Jesse, the son of Obed, the son of Boaz, the son of Salmon, the son of Nahshon, 33 the son of Amminadab, the son of Admin, the son of Ram, the son of Hezron, the son of Perez, the son of Judah, 34 the son of Jacob, the son of Isaac, the son of Abraham, the son of Terah, the son of Nahor, 35 the son of Serug, the son of Reu, the son of Peleg, the son of Heber, the son of Shelah, 36 the son of Cainan, the son of Arphaxad, the son of Shem, the son of Noah, the son of Lamech, 37 the son of Methuselah, the son of Enoch, the son of Jared, the son of Mahalaleel, the son of Cainan, 38 the son of Enosh, the son of Seth, the son of Adam, the son of God. 17 So all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations; from David to the deportation to Babylon, fourteen generations; and from the deportation to Babylon to the Messiah, fourteen generations. 2 A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah

27 4 2. The Advent of the King, 4-11 a. The Announcement of the Birth of John to Zacharias, 4, Luke 1:5-25 Luke 1: In the days of Herod, king of Judea, there was a priest named Zacharias, of the division of Abijah; and he had a wife from the daughters of Aaron, and her name was Elizabeth. 6 They were both righteous in the sight of God, walking blamelessly in all the commandments and requirements of the Lord. 7 But they had no child, because Elizabeth was barren, and they were both advanced in years. 8 Now it happened that while he was performing his priestly service before God in the appointed order of his division, 9 according to the custom of the priestly office, he was chosen by lot to enter the temple of the Lord and burn incense. 10 And the whole multitude of the people were in prayer outside at the hour of the incense offering. 11 And an angel of the Lord appeared to him, standing to the right of the altar of incense. 12 Zacharias was troubled when he saw the angel, and fear gripped him. 13 But the angel said to him, Do not be afraid, Zacharias, for your petition has been heard, and your wife Elizabeth will bear you a son, and you will give him the name John. 14 You will have joy and gladness, and many will rejoice at his birth. 15 For he will be great in the sight of the Lord; and he will drink no wine or liquor, and he will be filled with the Holy Spirit while yet in his mother s womb. 16 And he will turn many of the sons of Israel back to the Lord their God. 17 It is he who will go as a forerunner before Him in the spirit and power of Elijah, TO TURN THE HEARTS OF THE FATHERS BACK TO THE CHILDREN, and the disobedient to the attitude of the righteous, so as to make ready a people prepared for the Lord. 18 Zacharias said to the angel, How will I know this for certain? For I am an old man and my wife is advanced in years. 19 The angel answered and said to him, I am Gabriel, who stands in the presence of God, and I have been sent to speak to you and to bring you this good news. 20 And behold, you shall be silent and unable to speak until the day when these things take place, because you did not believe my words, which will be fulfilled in their proper time. 21 The people were waiting for Zacharias, and were wondering at his delay in the temple. 22 But when he came out, he was unable to speak to them; and they realized that he had seen a vision in the temple; and he kept making signs to them, and remained mute. 23 When the days of his priestly service were ended, he went back home. 24 After these days Elizabeth his wife became pregnant, and she kept herself in seclusion for five months, saying, 25 This is the way the Lord has dealt with me in the days when He looked with favor upon me, to take away my disgrace among men. A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah 3

28 5 b. The Announcement of the Birth of Jesus to Mary, 5, Luke 1:26-38 Luke 1: Now in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God to a city in Galilee called Nazareth, 27 to a virgin engaged to a man whose name was Joseph, of the descendants of David; and the virgin s name was Mary. 28 And coming in, he said to her, Greetings, favored one! The Lord is with you. 29 But she was very perplexed at this statement, and kept pondering what kind of salutation this was. 30 The angel said to her, Do not be afraid, Mary; for you have found favor with God. 31 And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall name Him Jesus. 32 He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High; and the Lord God will give Him the throne of His father David; 33 and He will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and His kingdom will have no end. 34 Mary said to the angel, How can this be, since I am a virgin? 35 The angel answered and said to her, The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; and for that reason the holy Child shall be called the Son of God. 36 And behold, even your relative Elizabeth has also conceived a son in her old age; and she who was called barren is now in her sixth month. 37 For nothing will be impossible with God. 38 And Mary said, Behold, the bondslave of the Lord; may it be done to me according to your word. And the angel departed from her. c. The Visit of Mary to Elizabeth, 6, Luke 1:39-45 Luke 1: Now at this time Mary arose and went in a hurry to the hill country, to a city of Judah, 40 and entered the house of Zacharias and greeted Elizabeth. 41 When Elizabeth heard Mary s greeting, the baby leaped in her womb; and Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit. 42 And she cried out with a loud voice and said, Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb! 43 And how has it happened to me, that the mother of my Lord would come to me? 44 For behold, when the sound of your greeting reached my ears, the baby leaped in my womb for joy. 45 And blessed is she who believed that there would be a fulfillment of what had been spoken to her by the Lord. d. The Song of Mary, 7, Luke 1:46-56 Luke 1: And Mary said: My soul exalts the Lord, 47 And my spirit has rejoiced in God my Savior. 48 For He has had regard for the humble state of His bondslave; For behold, from this time on all generations will count me blessed. 49 For the Mighty One has done great things for me; And holy is His name. 50 AND HIS MERCY IS UPON GENERATION AFTER GENERATION TOWARD THOSE WHO FEAR HIM. 51 He has done mighty deeds with His arm; He has scattered those who were proud in the thoughts of their heart. 52 He has brought down rulers from their thrones, And has exalted those who were humble. 53 HE HAS FILLED THE HUNGRY WITH GOOD THINGS; And sent away the rich empty-handed. 54 He has given help to Israel His servant, In remembrance of His mercy, 55 As He spoke to our fathers, To Abraham and his descendants forever. 56 And Mary stayed with her about three months, and then returned to her home. 4 A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah

29 8 e. The Birth of John, 8, Luke 1:57-80 (1) The Birth of John Luke 1: Now the time had come for Elizabeth to give birth, and she gave birth to a son. 58 Her neighbors and her relatives heard that the Lord had displayed His great mercy toward her; and they were rejoicing with her. 59 And it happened that on the eighth day they came to circumcise the child, and they were going to call him Zacharias, after his father. 60 But his mother answered and said, No indeed; but he shall be called John. 61 And they said to her, There is no one among your relatives who is called by that name. 62 And they made signs to his father, as to what he wanted him called. 63 And he asked for a tablet and wrote as follows, His name is John. And they were all astonished. 64 And at once his mouth was opened and his tongue loosed, and he began to speak in praise of God. 65 Fear came on all those living around them; and all these matters were being talked about in all the hill country of Judea. 66 All who heard them kept them in mind, saying, What then will this child turn out to be? For the hand of the Lord was certainly with him. (2) Zacharias Prophecy Luke 1: And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Spirit, and prophesied, saying: 68 Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, For He has visited us and accomplished redemption for His people, 69 And has raised up a horn of salvation for us In the house of David His servant 70 As He spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets from of old 71 Salvation FROM OUR ENEMIES, And FROM THE HAND OF ALL WHO HATE US; 72 To show mercy toward our fathers, And to remember His holy covenant, 73 The oath which He swore to Abraham our father, 74 To grant us that we, being rescued from the hand of our enemies, Might serve Him without fear, 75 In holiness and righteousness before Him all our days. 76 And you, child, will be called the prophet of the Most High; For you will go on BEFORE THE LORD TO PREPARE HIS WAYS; 77 To give to His people the knowledge of salvation by the forgiveness of their sins, 78 Because of the tender mercy of our God, With which the Sunrise from on high will visit us, 79 TO SHINE UPON THOSE WHO SIT IN DARKNESS AND THE SHADOW OF DEATH, To guide our feet into the way of peace. 80 And the child continued to grow and to become strong in spirit, and he lived in the deserts until the day of his public appearance to Israel. f. The Announcement of the Birth of Jesus to Joseph, 9, Matthew 1:18-25 Matthew 1: Now the birth of Jesus Christ was as follows: when His mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found to be with child by the Holy Spirit. 19 And Joseph her husband, being a righteous man and not wanting to disgrace her, planned to send her away secretly. 20 But when he had considered this, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, Joseph, son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary as your wife; for the Child who has been conceived in her is of the Holy Spirit. 21 She will bear a Son; and you shall call His name Jesus, for He will save His people from their sins. 22 Now all this took place to fulfill what was spoken by the Lord through the prophet: 23 BEHOLD, THE VIRGIN SHALL BE WITH CHILD AND SHALL BEAR A SON, AND THEY SHALL CALL HIS NAME IMMANUEL, which translated means, GOD WITH US. 24 And Joseph awoke from his sleep and did as the angel of the Lord commanded him, and took Mary as his wife, 25 but kept her a virgin until she gave birth to a Son; and he called His name Jesus. A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah 5

30 10, g. The Birth of the King, 10, Luke 2:1-7 Luke 2:1 7 1 Now in those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus, that a census be taken of all the inhabited earth. 2 This was the first census taken while Quirinius was governor of Syria. 3 And everyone was on his way to register for the census, each to his own city. 4 Joseph also went up from Galilee, from the city of Nazareth, to Judea, to the city of David which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and family of David, 5 in order to register along with Mary, who was engaged to him, and was with child. 6 While they were there, the days were completed for her to give birth. 7 And she gave birth to her firstborn son; and she wrapped Him in cloths, and laid Him in a manger, because there was no room for them in the inn. h. The Announcement to the Shepherds, 11, Luke 2:8-20 Luke 2: In the same region there were some shepherds staying out in the fields and keeping watch over their flock by night. 9 And an angel of the Lord suddenly stood before them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them; and they were terribly frightened. 10 But the angel said to them, Do not be afraid; for behold, I bring you good news of great joy which will be for all the people; 11 for today in the city of David there has been born for you a Savior, who is Christ the Lord. 12 This will be a sign for you: you will find a baby wrapped in cloths and lying in a manger. 13 And suddenly there appeared with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God and saying, 14 Glory to God in the highest, And on earth peace among men with whom He is pleased. 15 When the angels had gone away from them into heaven, the shepherds began saying to one another, Let us go straight to Bethlehem then, and see this thing that has happened which the Lord has made known to us. 16 So they came in a hurry and found their way to Mary and Joseph, and the baby as He lay in the manger. 17 When they had seen this, they made known the statement which had been told them about this Child. 18 And all who heard it wondered at the things which were told them by the shepherds. 19 But Mary treasured all these things, pondering them in her heart. 20 The shepherds went back, glorifying and praising God for all that they had heard and seen, just as had been told them. 3. His Infancy and Childhood, a. The Circumcision, 12, Luke 2:21 Luke 2:21 21 And when eight days had passed, before His circumcision, His name was then called Jesus, the name given by the angel before He was conceived in the womb. 6 A Harmony of the Gospels for the study of The Life of the Messiah