New Testament I Week 5 Harmony of the Gospels: XI. The Last Public Ministry in Jerusalem XIV. The Resurrection, Appearances, and Ascension of Christ

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1 The Last Public Ministry in Jerusalem Matthew Mark Luke John Raising of Lazarus 11:1-44 Meeting of the Sanhedrin 11:45-53 Christ Departs to Ephraim 11:54-57 The anointing by Mary 26: :3-9 7: :1-11 Christ enters Jerusalem 21: : : :12-19 Cleansing the temple (second) 21: : :45-48 The barren fig tree 21: :11-14; 11:19-23 Exhortation to prayer and forgiveness 6: :24-26 The questioning of the chief priests 21: : :1-8 Parable of the two sons 21:28-32 Parable of the wicked husbandmen 21: : :9-18 Parable of the wedding-garment 22: :16-24 The tribute money 22: : :20-26 The Sadducees confuted 22: : :27-40 The great commandment 22: :28-34 David's Son and David's Lord 22: : :41-44 The hypocrisy and ambition of the Pharisees 23: : :45-47 The widow's mite 12: :1-4 In the Shadow with Jesus Matthew Mark Luke John Christ's second coming foretold 24: : :5-36 Parable of the ten virgins 25:1-13 Parable of the talents 25: :11-27 The last judgment 25:31-46 Greeks visit Jesus. Voice from heaven 12:20-36 The judgment of unbelief 12:37-50 Last Passover. Conspiracy of Jews 26:1-5 14:1-2 22:1-2 Judas Iscariot 26: : :3-6 Paschal supper 26: : : :1-35 Contention of the apostles 22:24-30 Peter's fall foretold 26: : : :36-38 Last discourse. The departure. The Comforter 14:1-31 The vine and the branches. Abiding in love 15:1-27 Work of the Comforter in the disciples 16:1-33 The prayer of Christ for them 17:1-26 Gethsemane 26: : : :1 The Arrest, Trial, Crucifixion, and Burial of Jesus Matthew Mark Luke John The betrayal 26: : : :2-11 FBC Durham Bible For Life Page 1

2 Christ before Annas and Caiaphas. Peter's denial 26:57-58; 26: :53-54; 14: : :12-27 Christ before the Sanhedrin 26: : :66-71 Christ before Pilate 27:1-2; 27: :1-5 23:1-6 18:12-28 The traitor's death 27:3-10 Christ before Herod 23:7-12 Accusation and condemnation 27: : : :29; 19:16 Treatment by the soldiers 27: : : :1-3 The crucifixion 27: : : :17-24 The mother of Jesus at the cross 19:25-27 Mockings and railings 27: : :35-39 The penitent malefactor 23:40-43 The death of Christ 27:50:00 15:37 23:46 19:28-30 Darkness and other portents 27: : :44-45 The bystanders 27: : :47-49 The side pierced 19:31-37 The burial 27: : : :38-42 The guard of the sepulcher 27:62-66; 28:11-15 The Resurrection, Appearances, and Ascension of Jesus Matthew Mark Luke John The resurrection 28: : : :1-18 Disciples going to Emmaus 16: :13-35 Appearances in Jerusalem. Doubts of Thomas 16: : :19-29 Appearance at the sea of Tiberius 21:1-23 Appearance on the mount of Galilee 28:16-20 Unrecorded works 20:30-31; 21:24-25 The ascension 16: :50-53 Review of Last Week Last week we covered the core of Christ s teaching. In this teaching he communicated that the requirements of the Law go far deeper than a surface understanding. He taught using parables that some could understand, but many were blinded to understand. However, they all were related to understanding God s purposes, life in God s Kingdom, and the future of God s Kingdom. Christ continued to perform many miracles showing his power over the physical elements of the world, and the compassion that he had on the people. FBC Durham Bible For Life Page 2

3 I. The Last Public Ministry in Jerusalem a. The Triumphal Entry Matthew 21:1 11, 14 17; Mark 11:1 11; Luke 19:29 44; John 12:12 19 i. Mark 11:7 11 (ESV) 7 And they brought the colt to Jesus and threw their cloaks on it, and he sat on it. 8 And many spread their cloaks on the road, and others spread leafy branches that they had cut from the fields. 9 And those who went before and those who followed were shouting, Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! 10 Blessed is the coming kingdom of our father David! Hosanna in the highest! 11 And he entered Jerusalem and went into the temple. And when he had looked around at everything, as it was already late, he went out to Bethany with the twelve. What does this section teach us about the person of Christ? b. The Barren Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple Matthew 21:18 19, 12 13; Mark 11:12 18; Luke 19:45 48 i. Luke 19:45 48 (ESV) 45 And he entered the temple and began to drive out those who sold, 46 saying to them, It is written, My house shall be a house of prayer, but you have made it a den of robbers. 47 And he was teaching daily in the temple. The chief priests and the scribes and the principal men of the people were seeking to destroy him, 48 but they did not find anything they could do, for all the people were hanging on his words. c. Jesus Predicts His Crucifixion John 12:20 50 i. John 12:27 33 (ESV) 27 Now is my soul troubled. And what shall I say? Father, save me from this hour? But for this purpose I have come to this hour. 28 Father, glorify your name. Then a voice came from heaven: I have glorified it, and I will glorify it again. 29 The crowd that stood there and heard it said that it had thundered. Others said, An angel has spoken to him. 30 Jesus answered, This voice has come for your sake, not mine. 31 FBC Durham Bible For Life Page 3

4 Now is the judgment of this world; now will the ruler of this world be cast out. 32 And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself. 33 He said this to show by what kind of death he was going to die. What does this section teach us about the person of Christ? What does this section teach us about the ministry of Christ? d. The Primary Commandments Matthew 22:34 40; Mark 12:28 34 i. Matthew 22:34 40 (ESV) 34 But when the Pharisees heard that he had silenced the Sadducees, they gathered together. 35 And one of them, a lawyer, asked him a question to test him. 36 Teacher, which is the great commandment in the Law? 37 And he said to him, You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. 38 This is the great and first commandment. 39 And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself. 40 On these two commandments depend all the Law and the Prophets. What does this section teach us about God? e. The New Commandment Matthew 26:31 35; Mark 14:27 31; Luke 22:31 38; John 13:31 38 i. John 13:31 35 (ESV) 31 When he had gone out, Jesus said, Now is the Son of Man glorified, and God is glorified in him. 32 If God is glorified in him, God will also glorify him in himself, and glorify him at once. 33 Little children, yet a little while I am with you. You will seek me, and just as I said to the Jews, so now I also say to you, Where I am going you cannot come. 34 A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another: just as I have loved you, you also are to love one another. 35 By this all people will know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another. FBC Durham Bible For Life Page 4

5 What does this section teach us about the ministry of Christ? f. The First Lord s Supper Matthew 26:26 29; Mark 14:22 25; Luke 22:17 20; 1 Corinthians 11:23 26 i. Matthew 26:26 29 (ESV) 26 Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is my body. 27 And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, Drink of it, all of you, 28 for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins. 29 I tell you I will not drink again of this fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father s kingdom. While the Passover has been celebrated for years, the ultimate purpose of it is revealed just days before Christ s death. The Passover was a remembrance of God delivering His children from Egypt as the death angel passed over them and killed the first born of all the Egyptians. However, it also pointed towards an even greater deliverance where a perfect sacrifice would be made by Christ whose blood would cover those who believe from penalty for their sin. Christ displays to His disciples and to us, as we remember this event again and again, that the breaking of the bread and the drinking of the drink is His body being broken and His blood being shed for us. g. Jesus Farewell Discourse on the Way to Gethsemane John i. John 15:1 8 (ESV) 1 I am the true vine, and my Father is the vinedresser. 2 Every branch in me that does not bear fruit he takes away, and every branch that does bear fruit he prunes, that it may bear more fruit. 3 Already you are clean because of the word that I have spoken to you. 4 Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit by itself, unless it abides in the vine, neither can you, unless you abide in me. 5 I am the vine; you are the branches. Whoever abides in me and I in him, he it is that bears much fruit, for apart from me you can do nothing. 6 If anyone does not abide in me he is thrown away like a branch and withers; and the branches are gathered, thrown into the fire, and burned. 7 If you abide in me, and my words abide in FBC Durham Bible For Life Page 5

6 you, ask whatever you wish, and it will be done for you. 8 By this my Father is glorified, that you bear much fruit and so prove to be my disciples. Is Christ teaching a works based salvation? ii. John 16:13 15 (ESV) 13 When the Spirit of truth comes, he will guide you into all the truth, for he will not speak on his own authority, but whatever he hears he will speak, and he will declare to you the things that are to come. 14 He will glorify me, for he will take what is mine and declare it to you. 15 All that the Father has is mine; therefore I said that he will take what is mine and declare it to you. What does this section teach us about the role of the Holy Spirit? (Jn ) Chapters are called the Heart of Christ. Nowhere does the Master lay bare his very soul more completely than here in chapters 15 and 16, with the allegory of the Vine and the teaching concerning the Holy Spirit. Robertson, A Harmony of the Gospels II. The Arrest, Trial, Crucifixion, and Burial of Jesus a. Jesus Faces Caiaphas and the Sanhedrin Matt. 26:57,59-68; Mark 14:53, 55 65; Luke 22:54a, 63 65; John 18:24 i. Mark 14:53, (ESV) 53 And they led Jesus to the high priest. And all the chief priests and the elders and the scribes came together 55 Now the chief priests and the whole council were seeking testimony against Jesus to put him to death, but they found none. 56 For many bore false witness against him, but their testimony did not agree. 57 And some stood up and bore false witness against him, saying, 58 We heard him say, I will destroy this temple that is made with hands, and in three days I will build another, not made with hands. 59 Yet even about this their testimony did not agree. 60 And the high priest stood up in the midst and asked Jesus, Have you no answer to make? What is it that these men testify against you? 61 But he remained silent and made no answer. Again the high priest asked him, Are you the Christ, the Son of the Blessed? 62 And Jesus said, I am, and you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of Power, and coming with the clouds of heaven. 63 And the high priest tore his garments and said, What FBC Durham Bible For Life Page 6

7 further witnesses do we need? 64 You have heard his blasphemy. What is your decision? And they all condemned him as deserving death. 65 And some began to spit on him and to cover his face and to strike him, saying to him, Prophesy! And the guards received him with blows. b. Jesus Faces Pilate Matt. 27:2, 11 14; Mark 15:1b 5; Luke 23:1 5; John 18:28 38 i. Luke 23:1 5 (ESV) 1 Then the whole company of them arose and brought him before Pilate. 2 And they began to accuse him, saying, We found this man misleading our nation and forbidding us to give tribute to Caesar, and saying that he himself is Christ, a king. 3 And Pilate asked him, Are you the King of the Jews? And he answered him, You have said so. 4 Then Pilate said to the chief priests and the crowds, I find no guilt in this man. 5 But they were urgent, saying, He stirs up the people, teaching throughout all Judea, from Galilee even to this place. c. The Crucifixion Matt. 27:35 44; Mark 15:24 32; Luke 23:33b 34, 38, 35 37, 39 43; John 19:18, 23 24, 19 22, i. Luke 23:33 43 (ESV) 33 And when they came to the place that is called The Skull, there they crucified him, and the criminals, one on his right and one on his left. 34 And Jesus said, Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do. And they cast lots to divide his garments. 35 And the people stood by, watching, but the rulers scoffed at him, saying, He saved others; let him save himself, if he is the Christ of God, his Chosen One! 36 The soldiers also mocked him, coming up and offering him sour wine 37 and saying, If you are the King of the Jews, save yourself! 38 There was also an inscription over him, This is the King of the Jews. 39 One of the criminals who were hanged railed at him, saying, Are you not the Christ? Save yourself and us! 40 But the other rebuked him, saying, Do you not fear God, since you are under the same sentence of condemnation? 41 And we indeed justly, for we are receiving the due reward of our deeds; but this man has done nothing wrong. 42 And he said, Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom. 43 And he said to him, Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise. FBC Durham Bible For Life Page 7

8 d. The Death of Jesus Matt. 27:45 50; Mark 15:33 37; Luke 23:44 45a, 46; John 19:28 30 i. John 19:28 30 (ESV) 28 After this, Jesus, knowing that all was now finished, said (to fulfill the Scripture), I thirst. 29 A jar full of sour wine stood there, so they put a sponge full of the sour wine on a hyssop branch and held it to his mouth. 30 When Jesus had received the sour wine, he said, It is finished, and he bowed his head and gave up his spirit. e. The Closely Guarded Tomb Matt. 27:61 66; Mark 15:47; Luke 23:55 56 i. Matthew 27:61 66 (ESV) 61 Mary Magdalene and the other Mary were there, sitting opposite the tomb. 62 The next day, that is, after the day of Preparation, the chief priests and the Pharisees gathered before Pilate 63 and said, Sir, we remember how that impostor said, while he was still alive, After three days I will rise. 64 Therefore order the tomb to be made secure until the third day, lest his disciples go and steal him away and tell the people, He has risen from the dead, and the last fraud will be worse than the first. 65 Pilate said to them, You have a guard of soldiers. Go, make it as secure as you can. 66 So they went and made the tomb secure by sealing the stone and setting a guard. III. The Resurrection, Appearances, and Ascension of Jesus a. Early Sunday Morning Matt. 28:5-8; Mark 16:2 8; Luke 24:1 8; John 20:1 i. Matthew 28:5 8 (ESV) 5 But the angel said to the women, Do not be afraid, for I know that you seek Jesus who was crucified. 6 He is not here, for he has risen, as he said. Come, see the place where he lay. 7 Then go quickly and tell his disciples that he has risen from the dead, and behold, he is going before you to Galilee; there you will see him. See, I have told you. 8 So they departed quickly from the tomb with fear and great joy, and ran to tell his disciples. b. The Soldiers Are Bribed to Lie Matt. 28:11 15 i. Matthew 28:11 15 (ESV) 11 While they were going, behold, some of the guard went into the city and told the chief priests all that had taken place. 12 And when they had assembled with the elders and taken counsel, they gave a sufficient sum of money to the soldiers 13 and said, Tell people, His disciples came by night and stole him away while we were asleep. 14 And if FBC Durham Bible For Life Page 8

9 this comes to the governor s ears, we will satisfy him and keep you out of trouble. 15 So they took the money and did as they were directed. And this story has been spread among the Jews to this day. c. Jesus Appears to Thomas and the Other Disciples John 20:26 31 i. John 20:26 31 (ESV) 26 Eight days later, his disciples were inside again, and Thomas was with them. Although the doors were locked, Jesus came and stood among them and said, Peace be with you. 27 Then he said to Thomas, Put your finger here, and see my hands; and put out your hand, and place it in my side. Do not disbelieve, but believe. 28 Thomas answered him, My Lord and my God! 29 Jesus said to him, Have you believed because you have seen me? Blessed are those who have not seen and yet have believed. 30 Now Jesus did many other signs in the presence of the disciples, which are not written in this book; 31 but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name. What does this section teach us about the ministry of Christ? d. Jesus Appears to 500 in Galilee and Gives the Great Commission Matt. 28:16 20; Mark 16:15 18 i. Matthew 28:16 20 (ESV) 16 Now the eleven disciples went to Galilee, to the mountain to which Jesus had directed them. 17 And when they saw him they worshiped him, but some doubted. 18 And Jesus came and said to them, All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. 19 Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, 20 teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age. FBC Durham Bible For Life Page 9

10 Matthew closes his gospel with our mission statement in light of what Christ has done for us. We are to be His witnesses. We are to be witnesses about his love, miracles, teachings, and, most importantly, His death and resurrection on our behalf. Christ laid down his life for us so that we might live. Our response is to proclaim that to the world around us liberally! Bibliography Steven L. Cox and Kendell H. Easley, Holman Christian Standard Bible: Harmony of the Gospels (Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers, 2007) A. T. Robertson, A Harmony of the Gospels (Bellingham, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc., 2009) FBC Durham Bible For Life Page 10