MONTHLY BULLETIN #43. Topics relevant to the material learned this month in Daf HaYomi B Halacha. Learning הלכות ברכת הפירות.

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1 בס ד DAF HAYOMI B HALACHA Issue MONTHLY BULLETIN #43 סימן רט סעיף ב סימן ריז : ניסן תשע ז DIRSHU 212 SECOND STREET, SUITE 404B LAKEWOOD, NEW JERSEY Learning הלכות ברכת הפירות Topics relevant to the material learned this month in Daf HaYomi B Halacha When may a person eat without reciting a blessing and not transgress the rule that One may not derive pleasure from this world without a blessing? May one recite an Aramaic version of a blessing ( Brich Rachmana ) if he is unsure whether he recited it? Does one recite an after-blessing over cold coffee? Is the time period of kedei achilas pras measured from when one begins chewing or from when one begins swallowing? May one eat an apple as the first Siman (symbolic food) on the night of Rosh Hashanah? Does rice have precedence over fruits of the Seven Species with regard to its blessing? 1

2 2 When may a person eat without reciting a blessing and not transgress the rule that One may not derive pleasure from this world without a blessing? The Shulchan Aruch (209:3) rules that whenever a person is in doubt whether he recited a blessing, he does not say it, whether before or after eating; except for birchas hamazon because it is a Torah obligation. The Mishnah Berurah ( 9) explains that since most blessings are only Rabbinically mandated, the rule that sofek derabanan lehakeil (we are lenient when in doubt regarding Rabbinic ordinances) permits eating without reciting another blessing; with regard to birchas hamazon the rule that sofek de oraisa lechumra (we are stringent when in doubt regarding Torah ordinances) indicates that he must say it. The Maharsha (Pesachim 102b s.v. pirashbam) questions why it is permitted to eat without saying a blessing when one is uncertain whether he recited it. The Gemara (Berachos 35a) states that one who derives pleasure from this world without reciting a blessing has transgressed a me ilah violation with Hashem s property since prior to reciting a blessing the entire earth is considered to be Hashem s property, as the posuk (Tehillim24:1) states: To Hashem belongs the earth and all within it. Rashi (ibid. s.v. ma al), explains that since the world is considered Hashem s property it is like hekdesh (consecrated property) from which it is forbidden to derive benefit. There is another posuk (Tehillim 115:16) which states that the heavens belong to Hashem but the earth He has given to man. The Gemara (ibid.) explains that Hashem only gives the earth to man and permits him to derive benefit from it after he recites a blessing. Additionally, the Gemara (ibid. 35b) states that deriving pleasure from this world without reciting a blessing is tantamount to theft. Since there is a prohibition against deriving pleasure without reciting a blessing and the rule that safek derabanan lehakeil does not permit one to actively violate the prohibition, the blessing is not considered a berachah levatalah (unnecessary blessing). [This idea is subject to discussion among the Acharonim; see Rabbi Akiva Eiger (Gilyon Hashas Berachos 12a Tosafos s.v. lo) who supports this view of the Maharsha.] Rav Shlomo Zalman (Minchas Shlomo vol.1, 18:8) offers the following approach to support the ruling of the Shulchan Aruch (which is also the view of the Rif and Rambam). He challenges the idea that the world is unequivocally considered Hashem s property and that a blessing is necessary to permit man to derive pleasure without violating me ilah or theft. He suggests that it is the prior obligation to recite a blessing which is a common-sense duty of appreciation (similar to the obligation to recite a blessing prior to performing a mitzvah, where we express our gratitude at the opportunity to serve Hashem) that causes the earth to be considered Hashem s property. In order to reinforce the requirement to recite a blessing prior to deriving pleasure, the Rabbis chose to consider the world as Hashem s property and to forbid deriving pleasure without reciting the blessing on grounds of me ilah and theft. By this logic, if one is uncertain whether he recited the blessing and the principle sofek derabanan lehakeil rules that he need not say it, he does not transgress any prohibition against deriving pleasure without a blessing. May one recite an Aramaic version of a blessing ( Brich Rachmana ) if he is unsure whether he recited it? When one is uncertain whether he recited a blessing and the Shulchan Aruch (ibid.) rules that he should not say it, there are a number of alternatives suggested in the poskim to avoid possibly eating without a blessing. The Gan Hamelech (at the end of Ginas Veradim, Siman 33, cited by Rabbi Akiva Eiger in Hagahos on Shulchan Aruch 184:4) recommends that one think the blessing in his heart to comply with the Rambam s view that one is permitted to recite any Rabbinic blessing by thinking it. This is because reciting unnecessary blessings is only forbidden when they are actually uttered; similar to swearing in vain, which is only prohibited if verbalized, as the same verse is the source of both prohibitions. This view is mentioned by numerous poskim, and Rav Shlomo Zalman (cited in Berachah Acharonah 1: 24) seems to prefer it. On the other hand, the Yeshuos Yaakov (O Ch 42: 1) writes that thinking a blessing is only considered as having reciting it when one is in fact able to verbalize the blessing. In this case of doubt, since one may not actually verbalize the blessing, thinking it cannot be considered as having recited it. Another possibility suggested by some acharonim involves the possibility of reciting a form of the blessing in Aramaic. The Shulchan בריך רחמנא Aruch (167:10) states that one who substituted the words (Aramaic for Blessed is the Merciful One, the מלכא מריה דהאי פתא King, Lord of this bread ) instead of hamotzi has fulfilled his obligation. The Mishnah Berurah ( 53) clarifies that this is true even though any deviation from the proper format of the blessing is not optimal. When one is unable to say the normal blessing because he is in doubt,

3 1 בסיעתא דשמיא שבוע פרשת תאריך טז שבט כ שבט יתרו משפטיםפרשת שבוע תאריךשבט כג שבט כז שבט ד כאדר לטזשבט תרומה יתרו שבט יאכזאדר זכגאדר תצוה משפטים תשא כי אדר דיחאדר לידשבט תרומה כא ויקהל פקודי אדראדר כה יא אדר ז תצוה חכמה קנין אדר גיחניסן ויקרא כח אדר יד תשא כי תאריך פרשת ניסן ו צו כא י כה שבוע פקודי ויקהל כח יז יג פסח טז יתרו ניסןגכ ניסן אדר ויקרא וככג יכד שמיני ניסןכז שבט ניסן משפטים צו תרומהמצורע תזריע ניסןאאדר ניסן ד כז יז ליג פסח מות קדושים זדכ ח אחרי - ניסןאדר יא כד תצוה שמיני כז יא אמור יח תשאמצורע יד כי אייראייר טו א ניסן תזריע כא חכב יח בחוקותי כה ויקהלמותפקודי קדושים ד בהר - אחרי לדעת בינה )משלי ד ( ה 1 בסיעתא דשמיא חכמה' לוח 'קנין טז שבט תשע"ז - טז חשון תשע"ט חכמה' לוח 'קנין טז שבט תשע"ז - טז חשון תשע"טקנין חכמה* תומר דבורה הקדמה עד פרק א מידה ו קנין חכמה* מידה ז עד סוף פרק א בסיעתא דשמיא סוףאיום ה חיים פתיחה מידה ו הקדמה עדעדפרק אורחותדבורה תומר פרק א ארחות צדיקים הקדמה עד 'וכל הדעות' הספר יום ו סוףסוף עדעד מידה ז חיים סוף הדעות' 'וכל ההקדמהסוף יום ה פתיחה עד אורחות צדיקים הקדמה עד 'וכל הדעות' ארחות הספר עד יום מחויבים' שאנחנו סוףעד הגאוה תשע"ט 'ודע - טז חשון תשע"ז שערו טז סוף שער הגאוה מחויבים' עד ''ודע ההקדמה שאנחנו סוף וכל הדעות' קנין חכמה* ענפים טובים' הגאוהעד שער הענוה מחויבים' 'הרבהשאנחנו עד 'ודע הגאוהמתבייש אם ימנע' 'יש הבושה מחויבים'עדעדשער ענפים טובים' מידה ו הקדמה 'הרבהדבורה תומר סוףאשער שאנחנו 'ודע האהבה 'ויאהב רעיו' ימנע' עד 'יש 'הרבהא אםפרק סוף מידה ז עד שערטובים' ענפים מתביישעד הענוה האהבה' היא חייםעד אורחותרעיו' 'ויאהב סוף יום 'וכיצד עדעד פתיחה הבושהה 'יש מתבייש אם ימנע' טובים' ענפים 'הרבה רעיו'וכל הדעות' הקדמה עד ' צדיקים ארחות הספר 'יש ו יום הרחמים ימנע'עדעדסוף 'וכיצדעדהיא 'ויאהב האהבה סוף אם מתבייש האהבה' האכזריות עדסוף רעיו' הדעות' 'וכל ההקדמההאהבה' 'וכיצד היא 'ויאהב לחקור' 'וצריך מחויבים' שאנחנו השמחהעדעד'ודע הגאוה הרחמים אדםשער סוף עד האהבה' 'וכיצד היא 1 'קנין חכמה' לתכנית קנין חכמה לוחלימוד טבלת ניסן תשע"ז - ניסן תשע"ח! Join Kinyan Chochma Today For further information, please call Dirshu at Dirshu ext. 142

4 4 perhaps he may recite the blessing in this Aramaic format. The Pnei Yehoshua (Berachos 12a s.v. veyoser nireh) clarifies that in this way, one does not transgress the prohibition against reciting an unnecessary blessing or the Name of Hashem in vain, because the Aramaic word though adequate for reciting a blessing, is not really the Name,רחמנא of Hashem. The Ben Ish Chai (Year 1, Naso 9) and the Aruch Hashulchan (202:3) are also of the opinion that one who is uncertain whether he recited a blessing should say it in the Aramaic format. On the other hand, numerous acharonim disagree with the Pnei Yehoshua s distinction regarding the Aramaic.רחמנא Rabbi Akiva Eiger (Shu t Mahadura Kama 25) and the Chasam Sofer (Nedarim 2a, also cited by the Maharam Shik Sefer Hamitzvos 69) maintain that since the word is the Targum translation of Hashem s Name, it is forbidden to mention it in vain and it is not a viable option for saying a blessing that one may have already recited. The Pischei Teshuvah (Yo D 328: 1) suggests that even if there were no specific prohibition against reciting the word רחמנא per se, when using it as the text of a blessing (albeit an uncertain blessing) it is inherently inconsistent for it not to have the status of Hashem s Name. Rav Moshe Feinstein (Iggros Moshe O Ch vol. 4, 40:27) infers from the Mishnah Berurah (85: 10) that it is improper to say the Aramaic format of the blessing when in doubt. This is also the ruling of Rav Shlomo Zalman (Minchas Shlomo vol. 2, 3) and Rav Elyashiv (cited in Shvus Yitzchok, Ner Shabbos 20: 24). Does one recite an after-blessing over cold coffee? The Shulchan Aruch (210:1) writes that the amount one must eat in order to recite an after-blessing is a kezayis. When drinking, the amount is a revi is but some say a kezayis; therefore, it is preferable to drink less than a kezayis or more than a revi is - but to avoid drinking between a kezayis and a revi is. The Mishnah Berurah ( 1) adds that the required amount must be eaten within kedei achilas pras the time it takes to consume half a loaf of bread (there is a dispute whether this is the volume of three or four eggs); however, if one took this amount of time to drink a revi is, there are two views as to whether he must recite an after-blessing. People usually pause between sips, while drinking hot drinks. There is much discussion among the poskim whether hot drinks are like other drinks which must be drunk without pause in order to recite an afterblessing (according to that view) or perhaps the time is kedei achilas pras. The Mishnah Berurah (ibid.) cites that the common practice follows the ruling of the Machatzis Hashekel, Chayei Adam, and Derech Chayim that no blessing is recited after drinking such beverages if one paused. He therefore recommends leaving a revi is of the drink to cool off and to drink it without pausing, in order to definitely be obligated to recite an after-blessing. However, the Daas Torah (204:7) quotes the Minchas Chinuch that one may not do this with coffee. Since coffee is generally drunk hot, drinking cold coffee is considered irregular and no after-blessing is recited over it. The Birchei Yosef (204: 6) also rules this way, as does Shu t Ohr Letziyon (vol. 2, 14:27). Shu t Ohr Letziyon adds that even if one were to drink an entire revi is of hot coffee without pausing he may not recite an after-blessing since that is also irregular. He extends this ruling also to spicy beverages. On the other hand, Shu t Shevet Halevi (vol. 10, 42:13) disagrees with the view that cold coffee does not require an after-blessing. Since it is also drinkable and enjoyable while cool, this is considered a normal manner of drinking and requires a blessing. He states that the custom is to recite a blessing over cold coffee and that the Mishnah Berurah who mentions tea or coffee obviously agrees. Is the time period of kedei achilas pras measured from when one begins chewing or from when one begins swallowing? There is discussion among the poskim regarding how to reckon the length of kedei achilas pras, the maximum time allowed to consume required amounts of food. It begins either from when one begins chewing or from when one begins swallowing. Regarding obligatory eating, such as matzah on Pesach, the Chok Yaakov (475: 22) seems to hold that kedei achilas pras, within which time the kezayis of matzah must be eaten, begins from the start of chewing. Rav Vozner (Shu t Sevet Halevi vol. 9, 119:3) and Rav Elyashiv (cited in Hagada Shel Pesach Halaylah Hazeh p. 19) rule that one should comply with this and consume the kezayis within kedei achilas pras from when he began to chew. On the other hand, Rav Moshe Feinstein (cited in Hagadah Shel Pesach Kol Dodi 14:7) and Shu t Ohr Letziyon (vol. 3, 15:13) hold that one may ignore the time of chewing, and need only finish the kezayis within kedei achilas pras from the first swallow. Regarding reciting an after-blessing, Rav Vozner (ibid. 173) writes that the chewing does not count. He bases his reasoning on the view of the Chasam Sofer, who distinguishes between obligations to eat, which depend on the act of eating, and are therefore measured by the throat s pleasure, and reciting an after-blessing, which depends on satiety, and is therefore measured by the pleasure in one s intestines. Since the Chasam Sofer (Chulin 103b) states that the intestines pleasure begins from the time of swallowing, even though the food

5 בס ד ניסן תשע ז : סימן רט סעיף ב סימן ריז to bring the other fruits to the table until after he recites the blessing over the apple, and should have in mind that the blessing applies also to those fruits. has not yet descended into the stomach, the time of kedei achilas pras regarding saying an after-blessing only begins from when one began to swallow. Rav Shlomo Zalman (Halichos Shlomo ibid. 27) notes that in case one prefers the gourd (when it is not usually eaten at a bread-based meal and requires its own haadamah ) to the fruits, then there are halachic grounds to eat it first, before reciting the blessing on the Seven Species. Since the blessings are not the same, the Mishnah Berurah (211: 9) rules in accordance with the poskim that the preferred food has the priority, even over the Seven Species. May one eat an apple as the first Siman (symbolic? food) on the night of Rosh Hashanah Does rice have precedence over fruits of the Seven? Species with regard to its blessing The Shulchan Aruch (211:6) rules that when one has a cooked dish made of spelt flour, rye or oats (which requires mezonos ) and also grapes, figs, or pomegranates, the blessing over the grain dish has precedence because its blessing is mezonos and because bread, whose blessing is hamotzi and birchas hamazon, can be made from these ingredients. The Mishnah Berurah ( 34) questions why the Shulchan Aruch needs this reasoning. Among the Seven Species, the general rule is that the precedence is in accordance with the order they are listed in the verse (Devarim 8:8) which mentions the Seven ; Species. Since wheat and barley are listed first of the Seven Species אדר ניסן and spelt of wheat, and rye and barley are subspecies is a subspecies בבלי of יום תאריך השמטה ß והנה ענין כזה ß עד ß וענין זה נוגע גם ß מסימן ר ה סעיף ב ß עד סעיף ג ß א כ א אדר 3/19/17 בבא בתרא נו barley, they should naturally have precedence over the other fruits. He ב כ ב אדר 3/20/17 מסעיף ג עד סימן ר ו סעיף ב ß השמטה ß וענין זה נוגע גם ß עד סוף השמטה בבא בתרא נז ß והנה כאשר נחפ שם עולם תחילת הקדמה עד ג כ ג מסעיף ב ß עד סעיף ד ß that these subspecies of wheat and barley are בבא בתרא נח 3/21/17 explains אדר not accorded ד כ ד אדר מסעיף ד ß עד סעיף ו ß שם עולם הקדמה ß והנה כאשר נחפש ß עד ß אך זה הכתוב ß בבא בתרא נט 3/22/17 30 ה כ ה אדר 3/23/17 מסעיף ו ß עד סימן ר ח הקדמה ß אך זה הכתוב ß עד ß ודע דעצה זו ß בבא בתרא ס ניסן אייר הקדמה ß ודע דעצה זו ß עד ß והנה כאשר נתבונן ß בבא בתרא סא ו כ ו אדר 3/24/17 חזרה מסימן ר ה סעיף ב ß עד סימן ר ח בבלי יום תאריך הקדמה ß והנה כאשר נתבונן ß עד סוף ההקדמה בבא בתרא סב ש כ ז אדר 3/25/17 אדר 5 / 1 / 1 6 העוון ß קידושין נא חומר ß וזהו ß הדבר ß ת עד פרק א ß ו ß עד ß כן כ ג ניסן ß וראה עוד א מסימן קכ ד אמצע סעיף ח ß ß ולא יענה אמן יתומה ß עד סעיף ט ß פרק בבא בתרא סג אא כ ח 3/26/17 מתחילת סימן ר ח עד סעיף ג ß אדר 5 / 2 / 1 6 פרקש רב ו ß ה ß קידושין נב כ ד ניסן מסעיף ט ß עד סימן קכ ה סוףיתא במדר עדן ß עד ß וא ß וזהו ß ומר הע ו פרק ß ורא ו ß ה עוד את ח פרק א ß בבא בתרא סד בב כ ט 3/27/17 מסעיף ג ß עד סעיף ו ß א ß ניסן 5 / 3 / 1 6 גג כ ה ניסן מתחילת סימן קכ ה עד אמצע סעיף ב ß ß וכן מנענעים ß פרק א ß ß ואיתא במדרש רבה קידושיןא נג סה פרק ז ß עד ß וגם הוא ßß עד ß אם לפי פשוטו ß בבא בתר 3/28/17 מסעיף ו ß עד סעיף ח ß ענין ß קידושין נד ניסן 5 / 4 / 1 6 פרק ז ß ß וגם הוא ß עד ß והיא גדולה ß כ ו ניסן מאמצע הסעיף ß וכן מנענעים ß עד סימן קכ ו אמצע הסעיף ß ואם היה ß פרק א ß ß אם לפי פשוטו ß עד ß אך באיזה בבא בתרא סו דד ב ß 3/29/17 מסעיף ח ß עד סעיף ט ß א ß ß אך באיזה ענין ß עד פרק ב ß קידושין נה פרק ז ß ß והיא גדולה ß עד ß ומי שמעלים ß ניסן 5 / 5 / 1 6 הה ג ß כ ז ניסן מאמצע הסעיף ß ואם היה ß עד סימן קכ ז בבא בתרא סז 3/30/17 מסעיף ט ß עד סעיף י ß פרק ז ß ß ומי שמעלים ß עד ß ועל כן ß כ ח ניסן 5 / 6 / 1 6 קידושיןא נו סח פרק ב ß עד ß והנה כאשר נרצה ß בבא בתר ניסן ד ß וו ניסן 3/31/17 חזרה מסימן קכ ד אמצע סעיף ח ß עד סימן קכ ז ש כ ט ניסן 5 / 7 / 1 6 חזרה מתחילת סימן ר ח עד סעיף י ß קידושין פרק ז ß ß ועל כן ß עד ß ודע אחי ß בבליא נז סט ב ß ß והנה כאשר נרצה ß עד פרק ג ß בבא בתר יום ה ß תאריך ניסן 4 / 1 / 1 7 פרק ז ß ß ודע אחי ß עד ß ומה טוב ß קידושין נח א ל ß ניסן 5 / 8 / 1 6 מתחילת סימן קכ ז עד סימן קכ ח סיום חלק ראשון פרק א ו ß ג ß עד ß והנה מענין שב ק ß בבא בתרא ע ניסן 4 / 2 / 1 7 מסימן ר ח סעיף י ß עד סעיף י א ß ואגב דאמרינ ß ן ß קידושין נט ß עדז ß סוף חלק א ß והנה מענין שב ק פרק פרק ז ß ג ß ß ומה טוב ß עד סוף בב א ß ז ß אייר עד סעיף ב ß ניסן 45//39//1176 מתחילת סימן קכ ח בבא בתרא עא מסעיף י א עד סעיף ט ז ס קידושין דאית ו ß וכמ ע ק פר ק חל ן הלשו ת שמיר ג ב ß אייר 5/10/16 מסעיף ב ß עד סעיף ה ß פרק ג ß ß ואגב דאמרינן ß עד ß ואמרתי דרך דמיון ß בבא בתרא עב ג ח ß ניסן 4 / 4 / 1 7 מסעיף ט ז עד סעיף י ח שאמר ß קידושין סא פרק א ß ß וכמו דאיתא ß עד ß וסיים הכתוב ß ד ג ß אייר מסעיף ה ß עד אמצע סעיף ו ß ß והלוי ß פרק ג ß ß ואמרתי דרך דמיון ß עד ß ומה בבא בתרא עג 45/11/16 מסעיף י ח עד סימן ר ט סעיף ב ß ד ט ß ניסן / 5 / 1 7 צריך ß ב ß קידושין סב הכתוב ß פרק קג ß א ßß ומה ß וסיים פר מאמצע סעיף ו ß ß והלוי ß עד סעיף ט ß ה ד ß אייר ß ואחר ע כדך ß וג אמםר הכתו שאמר ß עד בבא בתרא עד 45/12/16 מסעיף ב ß עד סעיף ג ß ה י ß ניסן / 6 / 1 7 ג ß ß ואחר כך אמר הכתוב ß עד פרק ד ß קידושין סג פרק א ß ß וגם צריך ß עד סוף פרק א ניסן ו ה ß אייר 45/13/16 חזרה מתחילת סימן קכ ז עד סימן קכ ח סעיף ט ß פרק בבא בתרא עה ו י א ניסן / 7 / 1 7 קידושין סד ר ט סעיף ג ß ניסן סעיף י ß עד תאריך 5/14/16 חזרה מסימן ר ח פרק ב ß עד ß ולמה הדבר דומה ß שש ו ß אייר מדברינו ß בבלי תשע"ח פרק ד ß עד מוסר ß היוצא בבא בתרא עו תשע"ז - סימןניסן יום י ב ניסן 4 / 8 / א י ג ניסן 4 / 9 / 1 7 מסימן ר ט סעיף ג ß עד סימן ר י אמצע סעיף א ß ß והשותה ß פרק ד ß ß היוצא מדברינו ß עד ß ודע דמלבד שצותה התורה ß בבא בתרא עז תשרי בתורה יב בתור התורהה ß ע ß עד ד ß כ ß ודע דמלבד שצותה התור דף היומי בהלכה משנה ברורה שםפרק בהלכה ח"ח) ß ה ß בבלי תאריך בבא בתרא עחבבלי י ד ניסן תאריך יום יום י ד ניסן 04/10/17 מאמצע הסעיף ß והשותה ß עד סעיף ב ß 4/10/17 (ספרי ß כתתיב היומי דמלבד שצותה דף עולד ß ם ß ודע סימן ר י מאמצע סעיף א ß ß והשותה ß עד סעיף ב ß ג בבא בתרא עט שם עולם ß כתיב בתורה ß עד ß ובפרט ביום השישי ß מסימן ר י סעיף ב ß עד סימן רי א סנהדרין ע פרק ג ß ß ולך נא ראה ß עד פרק ד ß ט ו ניסן ד ß תשרי 09/24/1704/11/17 מסעיף ד ß עד סעיף ח ß בבא בתרא פ מתחילת סימן רי א עד אמצע סעיף א ß ß וי א ß סנהדרין עא ß ובפרט ביום השישי ß עד פרק ה ß שבאנו ß מסעיף ח ß עד אמצע סעיף ח ß הגה והטמנה שעושין פרק ד ß עד ß ואחרי ט ז ניסן ה ß תשרי 09/25/1704/12/17 בבא בתרא פא פרק ה ß עד ß והנה הכתוב אומר ß מאמצע סעיף א ß ß וי א ß עד סעיף ג ß סנהדרין עב פרק ד ß ß ואחרי שבאנו ß עד פרק ה ß ה י ז ג ניסן ו ß תשרי 09/26/1704/13/17 מאמצע סעיף ח ß הגה והטמנה שעושין עד תחילת סימן רנ ט ו בבא בתרא פב מדברינו ß אומר ß ע סנהדרין עג הדבר הזה ß ß היוצא ß כן ה ß ד עד ß והנה הכתובפרק י ח ניסן ז ß תשרי 09/27/1704/14/17 מתחילת סימן רנ ט עד סעיף ב ß ש י ט ניסן 04/15/17 חזרה מסימן ר ט סעיף ג ß עד סימן רי א סעיף ג ß בבא בתרא פג סנהדרין עד פרק ß וכן ו ß הדבר בענין ß עד הזה ß עד מדברינו ß הדבר ß Daf היוצא פרק ה ß ß כן ה ח ß תשרי 09/28/17 מסעיף ב ß עד אמצע סעיף ז ß ונראה לי HaYomi B Halacha מסימן רי א סעיף ג ß עד סעיף ה ß פרק ו ß עד ß וכל שכן אם נכסיו ß בבא בתרא פד 31 סנהדרין עה פרק ה ß ß וכן הדבר בענין ß עד פרק ו ß א כ ß ו ניסן ט ß תשרי 09/29/1704/16/17 מסעיף ה ß עד סעיף ו ß חזרה מסימן רנ ז סעיף ד ß עד סימן רנ ט אמצע סעיף ז ß ונראה לי אם נכסיו ß עד ß והנה לפי מה שבארנו ß ß וכל שכן בבא בתרא פה סנהדרין עו פרק ו ß עד ß והנה צווה הכתוב ß כ א ניסן י ß תשרי 09/30/1704/17/17 ג מסעיף ו ß עד סימן רי ב בבא בתרא פו סנהדרין עז ß והנה לפי מה שבארנו ß עד ß ואל יאמר ß ß וגם עלבון ß מאמצע סעיף ז ß ונראה לי עד תחילת סימן ר ס פרק ו ß ß והנה צווה הכתוב ß עד כ ב ניסן י א תשרי 10/01/1704/18/17 מתחילת סימן רי ב עד אמצע סעיף א ß ß הא דמברכין ß ß ואל יאמר ß עד פרק ז ß בבא בתרא פז סנהדרין עח פרק ו ß ß וגם עלבון ß עד פרק ז ß כ ג ניסן י ב תשרי 10/02/1704/19/17 מתחילת סימן ר ס עד סעיף ב ß ה מאמצע סעיף א ß ß הא דמברכין ß עד סימן רי ג פרק ז ß עד ß ומה שאמר הכתוב ß בבא בתרא פח סנהדרין עט לחיי הבלו ß מסעיף ב ß עד סימן רס א אמצע סעיף א ß אבל מעשרין פרק ז ß עד ß ואם כ ד ניסן י ג תשרי 10/03/1704/20/17 ג ו 10/04/1704/21/17 מאמצע סעיף א ß אבל מעשרין עד סעיף ב ß ß ומה שאמר הכתוב ß עד ß והנה לפי זה ß בבא בתרא פט סנהדרין פ פרק ז ß ß ואם לחיי הבלו ß עד ß והנה מדרגת ß כ ה ניסן י ד תשרי חזרה מסימן רי א סעיף ג ß עד סימן רי ג ß והנה לפי זה ß עד ß והנה כל זה כתבנו ß בבא בתרא צ סנהדרין פא ß והכבוד והגדולה ß פרק ז ß ß והנה מדרגת ß עד כ ו ניסן ט ו תשרי ה 10/05/1704/22/17 מסעיף ב ß עד אמצע סעיף ב ß ושיעור זמן ו ט ז תשרי 10/06/17 חזרה מסימן רנ ט אמצע סעיף ז ß ונראה לי עד סימן פרק ז ß ß והכבוד והגדולה ß עד ß והנה בעבור ß סנהדרין פב ש י ז תשרי 10/07/17 רס א אמצע סעיף ב ß ושיעור פרק ז ß ß והנה בעבור ß עד פרק ח ß סנהדרין פג טבלת לימוד לתכנית 'דף היומי בהלכה' ו'קנין תורה' 5 6 The Shulchan Aruch (583:1) writes that on the first night of Rosh Hashanah one should eat black-eyed peas, leek, beet, dates, and gourd. The Rema adds that there are those whose custom is to eat an apple in honey and pomegranates. The Mishnah Berurah ( 3) writes that when eating the apple in honey, the apple is the main food and its blessing exempts the honey. (Since the symbolic foods are not usually eaten during a bread-based meal, they require a separate blessing even during the meal.) As the Mishnah Berurah discusses the blessing recited over the apple, it seems that it is the first of the symbolic foods ) eaten and the blessing is recited over it. The Kaf Hachayim ( 13 questions this in light of the ruling of the Shulchan Aruch (211:1) that the blessing should be recited over fruits of the Seven Species even when one prefers another variety of fruit. [Although the Shulchan Aruch (ibid. :2) does cite the Rambam s view that the preferred fruit has priority, the majority of opinions differ and the Mishnah Berurah ( 13) states that even the Shulchan Aruch seems to hold that the definitive ruling follows the first view that the Seven Species have priority.] He resolves this by explaining that the Mishnah Berurah is referring to where no fruit of the Seven Species is present when he is reciting the blessing, and he wishes to eat the apple first for a good omen; therefore the apple was brought in before the other species and he is allowed to recite the blessing over it. However, if the dates are also present at the time he wishes to eat the apple, he must recite the blessing over the dates because they have priority as one of the Seven Species. Rav Shlomo Zalman (in a letter printed in Machzor Hameforash Rosh Hashanah p. 8) also rules this way, citing Rav Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld (in the Luach Eretz Yisroel) as having ruled so. He mentions that even among the Seven Species, dates have priority over pomegranates. Rav Vozner (cited in Malbushei Mordechai 5:13) mentions that there is more mystical significance to the apple on Rosh Hashanah than the other fruits (which is why some prefer to eat it first), yet he stresses that if a fruit of the Seven Species is present at the time one recites the blessing, it has priority because following the strict letter of the halachah (that the Seven Species have priority) is more important than achieving mystical significance. Rav Shlomo Zalman (Halichos Shlomo Tishrei Devar Halachah 1: 26) mentions that one who wishes to adhere to his custom to recite the blessing over the apple must make sure not

6 THE WORLD OF Dirshu DAF YOMI BAVLI Kinyan Torah Chazaras HaShas Chazarah Chodshi Kinyan HaShas Weekly Tests Mishnayos Tests KOLLELIM Ba alei Batim Kollelim Chaburas Beis Medrash Govoha Amud Yomi Kollel Boker Chaburas Shas B Iyun HALACHA Daf HaYomi B Halacha Kinyan Halacha Kinyan Shmittah YESHIVA PROGRAMS Daf HaYomi B Halacha L Bochurim Dirshu Boker Talmudo B Yadoi Mekadshei Sheviyi Yeshivas Bein Hazemanim DIRSHU PUBLICATIONS Mishnah Berurah Mahaduras Dirshu Sefer Chofetz Chaim Mahaduras Dirshu Sefer Shemiras Halashon Dirshu Shul Chumash with Ramban Ma areh Mekomos on Hilchos Shabbos Kinyan Halacha Kovetz Kuntresai Chizuk Kinyan Shmaatsa Ohel Series ACHEINU 3-Step System: Mentoring, Enrollment & Continued Follow-Up Acheinu Yeshivos Batei Chizuk International Kiruv Conference Day of Jewish Unity precedence over those which are specifically mentioned in the verse since they are known by other names which are not explicitly mentioned. That is why the Shulchan Aruch stated a different reason that they still have precedence over the fruits. The question is raised whether this reasoning extends to the blessing mezonos or only pertains to the five grains over which hamotzi and birchas hamazon are recited. The blessing over orez (usually understood to refer to rice) is mezonos but no hamotzi is recited over bread made from it and its after-blessing is borei nefashos. Does orez have precedence over fruits of the Seven Species? The Pri Megadim (Ashel Avrohom 13, and in Seder Hamaalos 2) infers that since the Shulchan Aruch specifies that bread (whose blessing is hamotzi and birchas hamazon) is made from these ingredients, apparently mezonos per se has no precedence. Accordingly, orez has no precedence over the Seven Species. The Pri Megadim states that this is the opinion of the Levush. Given that mezonos has no precedence to the Seven Species and that orez grows from the ground (which usually dictates that its blessing is haadamah ), the Pri Megadim entertains the possibility that it might not have any precedence over any fruits whose blessing is ha etz ; however, he concludes that since mezonos is a more specific blessing than pri haetz (fruits of the tree) it does have precedence over other fruits. On the other hand, the Even Haozer (211:6) rules that although neither hamotzi nor birchas hamazon is recited over orez-bread, orez still has precedence over the Seven Species. He reasons that since mezonos has precedence over hagafen, it also has precedence over the Seven Species. He also notes that we hold that the precedence of the Seven Species is only over foods which have the same blessing. QUESTION OF THE MONTH The first opinion mentioned in Shulchan Aruch (210:2) is that when tasting a food to determine what spices it needs, no blessing is recited even if one swallows it. The Mishnah Berurah (210: 13) raises the issue that it is forbidden to derive pleasure without reciting a blessing, and explains that because the intention is to check the flavor, but not to eat, the prohibition does not apply and no blessing is recited. In the seemingly comparable example of someone whose intention is not to eat, but to clear his throat, the Mishnah Berurah (204: 42) states that a blessing must be recited upon whatever he eats or drinks, since he enjoys it, besides water which only requires a blessing when thirsty. What is the difference between the intention of tasting food to determine its flavor, which is not considered deriving pleasure, and the intention of clearing one s throat, which requires a blessing because it is considered deriving pleasure? Answers to the questions will be published in Issue #43. Answers should be ed to daf-hayomi-behalacha@dirshunj.org or faxed to by כ ה ניסן to be entered into a raffle for a set of Dirshu Mishnah Berurah. JOIN THOUSANDS WHO LEARN DAF HAYOMI B HALACHA AND MASTER THE HALACHOS OF DAILY LIVING! For more information or to receive a free pocket luach, call DIRSHU, press 1 for English, then 2 for Daf HaYomi B Halacha. For dedication opportunities please call ext. 105 or ag@dirshunj.org. Bottom Line MG:

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